Fixing tool for heat treatment of large-size thin-wall shell made of aluminum matrix composite

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat treatment fixing tool for a large-size thin-wall shell made of an aluminum-based composite material. Four supporting rods which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are used for supporting; a top upper supporting nut and a top lower supporting nut are arranged on the supporting rod to fix the top supporting disc, and a bottom upper supporting nut and a bottom lower supporting nut are arranged on the supporting rod to fix the bottom supporting disc; four sliding grooves are formed in the supporting disc, sliding blocks are arranged in the sliding grooves, and the sliding blocks drive the upper arc-shaped fixing plate to move inwards and outwards; a round hole is formed in the sliding block, and a bolt assembly penetrates through the round hole to lock and fix the sliding block and the arc-shaped fixing plate. According to the utility model, the large-size thin-wall shell is fixed, so that the large-size thin-wall shell is prevented from being bent or deformed in the heat treatment process, and the hardenability of the large-size thin-wall shell is improved; and thin-wall shells with different sizes can be subjected to heat treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the general equipment technology field of heat treatment, specifically a heat treatment fixture for a large-size thin-walled shell made of aluminum-based composite material. Background Technology

[0002] Heat treatment is an important means to achieve excellent mechanical properties of particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites, mainly including processes such as solution treatment, quenching, and aging strengthening. Solution treatment is used to obtain a supersaturated solid solution in the matrix, allowing hardening solutes such as Cu and Mg to dissolve uniformly into the aluminum matrix to obtain a supersaturated high-density solid solution. At the same time, it changes the amount of excess phase, grain size and morphology, and solid solubility of strengthening elements in the aluminum alloy matrix. The alloy with the single-phase solid solution obtained through solution treatment is cooled from high temperature to room temperature or lower at a sufficiently high rate. Solute atoms do not have time to diffuse and redistribute, thus obtaining a microstructure that is basically the same as the solid solution state at high temperature. This is called quenching. The faster the cooling rate during quenching, the less likely the supersaturated solid solution is to decompose. During aging, the supersaturated solid solution obtained by quenching undergoes desolvation and lattice precipitation, decomposing to generate metastable or stable phases. The coherence or partial coherence between these phases and the aluminum matrix can cause distortion of the aluminum matrix lattice, thus leading to an increase in the hardness and strength of the aluminum alloy and changes in other properties.

[0003] While faster cooling rates are generally beneficial for improving material properties, they also lead to greater residual stress and deformation in quenched products. Therefore, rapid cooling during solution quenching can cause deformation and even cracking of parts, especially for large, thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells. Due to unfavorable structural design factors, shell parts may experience severe deformation, cracking, or even become unusable after solution quenching. For large, thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells, vertical water quenching must be used to reduce the area directly immersed in water, thus minimizing shell deformation and ensuring the material's axis of perpendicularity. However, due to the shell's height and thin wall thickness, traditional heat treatment tooling designs are often inadequate, leading to insufficient quenching, heat treatment deformation, and impacts during vertical hoisting. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems existing in the background technology, this utility model provides a heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled shells of aluminum-based composite materials. Therefore, designing a heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled shells of aluminum-based composite materials is of great significance because it can ensure the mechanical properties of the shell after heat treatment, minimize quenching deformation, and prevent the shell from falling and being damaged during quenching. The technical solution includes: a top support plate, an upper sliding groove, an upper sliding block, an upper threaded part, a support rod, a lower threaded part, an upper arc-shaped fixing plate, a lower arc-shaped fixing plate, a bottom support plate, a lower sliding groove, a lower sliding block, and connecting parts. Four support rods evenly distributed circumferentially provide support. Top upper support nuts and top lower support nuts are installed on the support rods to fix the top support plate, and bottom upper support nuts and bottom lower support nuts are installed on the support rods to fix the bottom support plate.

[0005] The top support plate has four upper sliding grooves, and an upper slider is installed in the upper sliding groove. The upper slider drives the upper arc-shaped fixing plate to move in and out. The upper slider has a first round hole, and the upper bolt assembly passes through the upper round hole to lock and fix the upper slider and the upper arc-shaped fixing plate.

[0006] The bottom support plate has four downward grooves, and a lower slide block is installed in the groove. The lower slide block drives the lower arc-shaped fixing plate to move in and out. The lower slide block has a second round hole, and the lower bolt assembly passes through the lower round hole to lock and fix the lower slide block and the lower arc-shaped fixing plate.

[0007] The top support plate has a hollowed-out section.

[0008] The bottom support plate has a hollowed-out section.

[0009] The axis of the upper arc-shaped fixing plate is collinear with the axis of the top support plate.

[0010] The axis of the lower arc-shaped fixing plate is collinear with the axis of the bottom support plate.

[0011] The horizontal projection of the upper slide groove coincides with the horizontal projection of the lower slide groove.

[0012] The upper part of the outer periphery of the large-sized thin-walled shell is clamped and fixed by the upper arc-shaped fixing plate, and the lower part of the outer periphery of the large-sized thin-walled shell is clamped and fixed by the lower arc-shaped fixing plate; the outer diameter of the large-sized thin-walled shell is Ф300~580mm, the shell wall thickness is Ф10~50mm, and the shell height is 600~1900mm.

[0013] The cutouts include: large fan-shaped cutouts, small fan-shaped cutouts, trapezoidal cutouts, and circular cutouts arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0014] The inner curved edge of the hollowed-out area has a rounded corner of R5 to R15.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] 1. It has good fixation and support stability, which can effectively avoid bending and deformation of large-sized thin-walled shells of aluminum-based composite materials during heat treatment.

[0017] 2. The hollow design eliminates the obstruction of water flow during the traditional tooling process, improving the hardenability of the material.

[0018] 3. The device features a detachable top support plate, bottom support plate, support rod, upper arc-shaped fixing plate, and lower arc-shaped fixing plate. By replacing the support rod and moving the upper and lower arc-shaped fixing plates inward and outward, heat treatment of aluminum-based composite material shells of various sizes can be performed. The device is easy to install and remove, reusable, and produces large-sized aluminum-based composite material shells with good heat treatment performance, suitable for actual production. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a heat treatment fixture for a large-size thin-walled shell made of aluminum-based composite materials.

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the bottom support plate and arc-shaped fixing plate of the heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled shells of aluminum-based composite materials.

[0021] Figure 3 Side view of the bottom support plate of the heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Top support plate, 2. Upper sliding groove, 3. Upper sliding block, 4. Upper threaded part, 5. Support rod, 6. Lower threaded part, 7. Upper arc-shaped fixing plate, 8. Lower arc-shaped fixing plate, 9. Bottom support plate, 10. Lower sliding groove, 11. Lower sliding block, 21. Upper bolt assembly, 22. Top upper support nut, 23. Top lower support nut, 24. Bottom upper support nut, 25. Bottom lower support nut, 26. Lower bolt assembly, 30. Hollowed-out area, 301. Large fan-shaped groove, 302. Small fan-shaped groove, 303. Trapezoidal groove, 304. Circular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, this embodiment includes: a top support plate 1, an upper sliding groove 2, an upper sliding block 3, an upper threaded part 4, a support rod 5, a lower threaded part 6, an upper arc-shaped fixing plate 7, a lower arc-shaped fixing plate 8, a bottom support plate 9, a lower sliding groove 10, a lower sliding block 11, an upper bolt assembly 21, a top upper support nut 22, a top lower support nut 23, a bottom upper support nut 24, a bottom lower support nut 25, and a lower bolt assembly 26;

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment is supported by four support rods 5 evenly distributed around the circumference. The two ends of the support rods have upper threaded parts 4 and lower threaded parts 6 respectively. The bottom upper support nut 24 and bottom lower support nut 25 clamp and fix the bottom support plate 9 to the lower threaded part 6 of the support rod 5, and the top upper support nut 22 and top lower support nut 23 clamp and fix the support rod 5 to the upper threaded part 4.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the top support plate 1 has four radially elongated upper sliding grooves 2, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the support plate. Each upper sliding groove 2 is provided with an upper sliding block 3. An upper arc-shaped fixing plate 7 is located below the top support plate 1. The upper arc-shaped fixing plate 7 can slide in and out with the upper sliding block 3. The upper sliding block 3 has a first circular hole, and the upper bolt assembly 21 passes through the upper circular hole to lock the upper sliding block 13. The axes of the four upper arc-shaped fixing plates 7 are collinear with the axis of the top support plate 1.

[0027] The bottom support plate 9 has four radially elongated sliding grooves 10, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the support plate. A lower sliding block 11 is provided in the sliding groove 16. A lower arc-shaped fixing plate 8 is provided above the bottom support plate 9. The lower arc-shaped fixing plate 8 can slide in and out with the lower sliding block 11. The lower sliding block 11 has a second circular hole, and the lower bolt assembly 26 passes through the lower circular hole to lock the lower sliding block 11. The axes of the four lower arc-shaped fixing plates 10 are collinear with the axis of the bottom support plate 14.

[0028] The horizontal projection of the elongated upper sliding groove 2 onto the bottom support plate 9 completely coincides with the elongated lower sliding groove 10;

[0029] In this embodiment, the upper part of the outer periphery of the large-size thin-walled shell is clamped and fixed by the upper arc-shaped fixing plate 7, and the lower part of the outer periphery of the large-size thin-walled shell is clamped and fixed by the lower arc-shaped fixing plate 8; the outer diameter of the large-size thin-walled shell is Ф300~580mm, the shell wall thickness is Ф10~50mm, and the shell height is 600~1900mm;

[0030] Bottom support plate 2 structure as follows Figure 3 As shown, the bottom support plate 9 and the top support plate 2 have hollowed-out sections 30.

[0031] The hollow section 30 includes eight large fan-shaped grooves 301, eight small fan-shaped grooves 302, four trapezoidal grooves 303, and one circular groove 304 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The eight large fan-shaped grooves 301, eight small fan-shaped grooves 302, and four trapezoidal grooves are evenly arranged according to 303, which reduces the weight of the tooling. At the same time, during the quenching process, the hollow structure allows water to flow smoothly through the tooling and fully contact the inner and outer surfaces of the large-size thin-walled shell, thereby improving the cooling rate of the large-size thin-walled shell. The inner arc edge of the hollow section 30 is rounded with R5 to R15 to avoid bumping the shell.

[0032] During operation, the large-sized thin-walled shell to be heat-treated is placed on the bottom support plate 9. According to the diameter of the shell, the lower arc fixing plates 8 in four directions are dragged to fix the outer diameter of the shell. Similarly, after assembling the top support plate 1 and the upper arc fixing plate 7, the top support plate 1, the upper arc fixing plate 7, the lower arc fixing plate 8 and the bottom support plate 9 are connected and fastened using the upper bolt assembly 21, the top upper support nut 22, the top lower support nut 23, the bottom upper support nut 24, the bottom lower support nut 25 and the lower bolt assembly 26. Then, the assembled fixture is placed in the heat treatment furnace for heating and heat preservation. After the heat preservation is completed, the fixture is vertically hoisted and water quenched.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] In this embodiment, the aluminum-based composite material shell has an outer diameter of Ф500mm, a height of 1600mm, a wall thickness of 25mm, and a mass of 169kg.

[0035] Using this tooling, the aluminum-based composite material shell is subjected to solution heat treatment. The large-sized thin-walled aluminum-based composite material shell is placed on the bottom support plate 9. Then, according to the shell's Ф500mm diameter, the lower arc fixing plates 8 in four directions are dragged to fix the outer diameter of the shell. The lower bolt assembly 26 is used to fix the arc fixing plates on the slot of the support plate to prevent the shell from shaking. Similarly, after assembling the top support plate 1 and the arc fixing plate 7, the upper and lower support plates are connected according to the shell height of 1600mm using appropriate support rods 5, top upper support nuts 22, top lower support nuts 23, bottom upper support nuts 24 and bottom lower support nuts 25.

[0036] The large-size thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells obtained after heat treatment have good verticality, no twisting deformation, no bumps or damage on the surface, and no overheated structure.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the aluminum-based composite material shell is Ф560mm, the height is 1850mm, the wall thickness is 20mm, and the mass is 178kg.

[0039] Using this tooling, the aluminum-based composite material shell is subjected to solution heat treatment. The large-sized thin-walled aluminum-based composite material shell is placed on the bottom support plate 9. Then, according to the shell's Ф560mm diameter, the lower arc fixing plates 8 in four directions are dragged to fix the outer diameter of the shell. The lower bolt assembly 26 is used to fix the arc fixing plates on the slot of the support plate to prevent the shell from shaking. Similarly, after assembling the top support plate 1 and the arc fixing plate 7, the upper and lower support plates are connected using appropriate support rods 5, top upper support nuts 22, top lower support nuts 23, bottom upper support nuts 24 and bottom lower support nuts 25 according to the shell height of 1850mm.

[0040] The large-size thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells obtained after heat treatment have good verticality, no twisting deformation, no bumps or damage on the surface, and no overheated structure.

Claims

1. A heat treatment fixture for a large-size thin-walled shell made of aluminum-based composite material, characterized in that, include: The top support plate (1), upper sliding groove (2), upper sliding block (3), upper threaded part (4), support rod (5), lower threaded part (6), upper arc-shaped fixing plate (7), lower arc-shaped fixing plate (8), bottom support plate (9), lower sliding groove (10), lower sliding block (11) and connecting parts are supported by four support rods (5) evenly distributed along the circumference; the top upper support nut (22) and the top lower support nut (23) are set on the support rod (5) to fix the top support plate (1), and the bottom upper support nut (24) and the bottom lower support nut (25) are set on the support rod (5) to fix the bottom support plate (9); The top support plate (1) has four upper sliding grooves (2), and the upper sliding grooves (2) are provided with upper sliding blocks (3). The upper sliding blocks (3) drive the upper arc-shaped fixing plate (7) to move in and out. The upper sliding blocks (3) have a first round hole, and the upper bolt assembly (21) passes through the upper round hole to lock and fix the upper sliding blocks (3) and the upper arc-shaped fixing plate (7). The bottom support plate (9) has four downward grooves (10), and a lower slider (11) is provided in the downward groove (10). The lower slider (11) drives the lower arc-shaped fixing plate (8) to move in and out. The lower slider (11) has a second circular hole, and the lower bolt assembly (26) passes through the lower circular hole to fix the lower slider (11) and the lower arc-shaped fixing plate (8) tightly.

2. The heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top support plate (1) has a hollowed-out section (30).

3. The heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom support plate (9) has a hollowed-out section (30).

4. The heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axis of the upper arc-shaped fixing plate (7) is collinear with the axis of the top support plate (1).

5. The heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axis of the lower arc-shaped fixing plate (8) is collinear with the axis of the bottom support plate (9).

6. The heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells according to claim 5, characterized in that, The horizontal projection of the upper slide groove (2) coincides with the horizontal projection of the lower slide groove (10).

7. The heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper part of the outer periphery of the large-sized thin-walled shell is clamped and fixed by the upper arc fixing plate (7), and the lower part of the outer periphery of the large-sized thin-walled shell is clamped and fixed by the lower arc fixing plate (8); the outer diameter of the large-sized thin-walled shell is Ф300~580mm, the shell wall thickness is Ф10~50mm, and the shell height is 600~1900mm.

8. The heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The hollowed-out area (30) includes: a large fan-shaped hollow (301), a small fan-shaped hollow (302), a trapezoidal hollow (303), and a circular hollow (304) arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

9. The heat treatment fixture for large-size thin-walled aluminum-based composite shells according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The inner arc edge of the hollowed-out area (30) has a rounded corner of R5 to R15.

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