Rigid-flexible combined dangerous rock falling protective shed tunnel

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rigid-flexible combined dangerous rock falling protective shed tunnel, belongs to the field of highway engineering, and aims to solve the problems that an existing rigid shed tunnel is poor in buffering performance and a flexible shed tunnel is low in protective energy level. The shed tunnel is composed of a reinforced concrete lining layer, a tire buffer layer and a passive protective net, and all the layers are stably connected through embedded fixing rings and steel strands. The reinforced concrete lining provides rigid support, and the overall stability is ensured; the tire buffer layer and the passive protective net cooperatively deform, and gravel impact energy is effectively dissipated. The rigid-flexible combination type dangerous rock falling protective shed tunnel has the advantages of being easy and convenient to construct, low in manufacturing cost, economical and environmentally friendly, the tire buffer layer is made of waste materials, and the green engineering concept is met. According to the rigid-flexible combination type dangerous rockfall protection shed tunnel, organic combination of high-energy-level protection and energy dissipation is achieved, the safety and reliability of rockfall protection of the steep cliff road section are remarkably improved, and an efficient solution is provided for highways in mountainous areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of highway engineering technology, and in particular to a rigid-flexible combined rockfall protection tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] As my country's expressways rapidly extend into the western mountainous regions, these routes often traverse sections with steep cliffs and dangerous rock formations. These sections are characterized by high-altitude rockfalls, steep slopes, and the high energy and destructive power of falling rocks, posing a serious threat to road safety. Currently, protective tunnels are mainly used to cover and protect the road surface, but existing tunnel structures face the following technical bottlenecks:

[0003] Limitations of rigid sheds: Although traditional reinforced concrete sheds have high protective capacity and structural rigidity, they have poor buffering performance. When impacted by falling rocks, they are prone to overall structural failure due to local stress concentration, making them difficult to withstand repeated impacts from high-energy falling rocks.

[0004] The shortcomings of flexible shelters: Although flexible shelters composed of steel arch frames and protective nets are lightweight and have good buffering performance, their protective energy level is limited, and they are not effective at intercepting small-diameter gravel. They are also prone to tearing of the net or failure of connection due to overload of impact energy.

[0005] Contradictory Comprehensive Protection Needs: The energy of rocks on steep cliff sections varies greatly, ranging from gravel to rock blocks weighing several tons. Neither rigid nor flexible structures can meet the needs of high-energy protection and energy dissipation, resulting in potential safety hazards in the protection system.

[0006] Therefore, how to organically combine rigid support with flexible buffer through structural innovation, and achieve graded dissipation of impact energy while ensuring the overall stability of the structure, so as to effectively cope with the impact damage of rockfalls of different scales, has become the core challenge of the protection engineering of steep cliff and dangerous rock road sections. Utility Model Content

[0007] Based on the existing problems, this utility model provides a rigid-flexible combined rockfall protection tunnel, which aims to achieve overall structural stability and deformation buffer to dissipate impact energy when the tunnel passes through steep cliff and dangerous rock sections, effectively solving the problem of rockfall in the surrounding rock.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A rigid-flexible rockfall protection shelter includes a tire buffer layer and a passive protective net. The tire buffer layer is attached to the arch surface of the reinforced concrete lining of the shelter, and the passive protective net is attached to the outside of the tire buffer layer. The tire buffer layer and the passive protective net are fixed in position by several pre-embedded fasteners embedded in the reinforced concrete lining of the shelter, so that the arch of the shelter forms a rigid-flexible structure with an inner rigidity and an outer flexibility.

[0010] Furthermore, the pre-embedded fixing component includes a pre-embedded fixing ring and a steel strand; the lower part of the pre-embedded fixing ring is an L-shaped rod, and the upper part is a hook-shaped body. The rod part of the pre-embedded fixing ring is pre-embedded in the reinforced concrete lining layer of the shed, and the hook-shaped body extends into the tire buffer layer; the steel strand is tied and fixed to the hook-shaped body of the pre-embedded fixing ring after passing through the mesh of the passive protection net.

[0011] Furthermore, several pre-embedded fasteners are pre-embedded in the arch of the reinforced concrete lining layer of the tunnel in a quincunx pattern.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] This rigid-flexible rockfall protection tunnel provides rigid support through its reinforced concrete lining, while the tire buffer layer and passive protection net deform together to dissipate impact energy. The tunnel's "flexible exterior, rigid interior" structure achieves "flexible exterior, rigid interior" protection against rockfalls. Furthermore, the tunnel's simple structure allows for rapid construction, and the use of recycled tires for the buffer layer results in low cost and excellent protective effect. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rigid-flexible combined rockfall protection shelter of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing how the tire buffer layer and passive protective net of this utility model are fixed by pre-embedded fasteners;

[0016] In the diagram, 1—tire buffer layer, 2—passive protection net, 3—reinforced concrete lining layer of the shed, 4—embedded fastener, 5—embedded fixing ring, and 6—steel strand. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] For ease of explanation, spatial relative terms such as “above,” “below,” “left,” and “right” may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figure relative to another element or feature. It should be understood that, in addition to dealing with the orientation shown in the figure, spatial terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, an element described as being “below” other elements or features would be defined as being “above” other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both above and below. The device may be positioned in other ways, and the spatial relative descriptions used herein can be interpreted accordingly.

[0019] To address the problems of poor buffering performance of existing rigid shelters and low protection level of flexible shelters, this embodiment provides a combined rigid and flexible rockfall protection shelter. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the rigid-flexible combined rockfall protection shelter includes a tire buffer layer 1 and a passive protection net 2; wherein, the tire buffer layer 1 is made from waste tires and is attached to the arch surface of the reinforced concrete lining layer 3 of the shelter; the passive protection net 2 can be an RX type passive protection net 2, which is attached to the outside of the tire buffer layer 1.

[0020] Regarding the fixation of the tire buffer layer 1 and the passive protective net 2 relative to the reinforced concrete lining layer 3 of the tunnel, such as... Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, several pre-embedded fixing parts 4 are pre-embedded in the reinforced concrete lining layer 3 of the tunnel. These pre-embedded fixing parts 4 fix the tire buffer layer 1 and the passive protective net 2 relative to the reinforced concrete lining layer 3. Specifically, the pre-embedded fixing parts 4 include pre-embedded fixing rings 5 ​​and steel strands 6. The lower part of the pre-embedded fixing ring 5 is an L-shaped rod, and the upper part is a hook-shaped body. The rod part of the pre-embedded fixing ring 5 is pre-embedded in the reinforced concrete lining layer 3 of the tunnel, and the hook-shaped body extends into the tire buffer layer 1. The steel strand 6 is wrapped around the mesh of the passive protective net 2 and then tied and fixed to the hook-shaped body of the pre-embedded fixing ring 5. If the pre-embedded fixing parts 4 are pre-embedded in a quincunx pattern in the arch of the reinforced concrete lining layer 3 of the tunnel, the tire buffer layer 1 and the passive protective net 2 are securely connected.

[0021] In summary, the rigid-flexible rockfall protection tunnel provides rigid support through the reinforced concrete lining layer 3 of the tunnel, i.e., an inner rigid structure; and dissipates impact energy through the deformation of the tire buffer layer 1 and the passive protection net 2, i.e., an outer flexible structure; thus, the arch of the tunnel forms a rigid-flexible structure with an inner rigid and an outer flexible structure.

[0022] During construction, when the tunnel passes through steep cliff and dangerous rock sections, the tunnel foundation is constructed first, followed by the construction of the reinforced concrete lining layer 3 above the foundation. During the lining construction, several pre-embedded fixing parts 4 are pre-embedded in a quincunx pattern. After the reinforced concrete lining reaches the design strength, the tire buffer layer 1 and passive protection net 2 are installed, and the passive protection net 2 is tied to the pre-embedded fixing ring 5 using steel strand 6.

[0023] When falling rocks impact the tunnel, the rocks first contact the passive protective netting 2, then transfer the impact force to the tire buffer layer 1, and further to the reinforced concrete lining layer 3 of the tunnel. Because the tire buffer layer 1 and passive protective netting 2 are flexible, while the reinforced concrete lining layer 3 is rigid, the reinforced concrete lining layer 3 provides rigid support during rockfall impact, ensuring the overall stability of the structure. The tire buffer layer 1 and passive protective netting 2 deform together to dissipate the impact energy. Through this externally flexible and internally rigid structural form, the tunnel achieves a flexible-then-rigid protection against falling rocks, ensuring the safety and stability of the tunnel structure.

[0024] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rigid-flexible combined dangerous rockfall protection shed tunnel, characterized in that: The rigid-flexible combined dangerous rockfall protection shed tunnel comprises a tire buffer layer and a passive protection net, the tire buffer layer is attached to the surface of the shed tunnel reinforced lining arch, and the passive protection net is attached to the outside of the tire buffer layer; the tire buffer layer and the passive protection net are fixed in position through a plurality of embedded fixing members embedded in the shed tunnel reinforced lining arch, so that the shed tunnel reinforced lining arch forms a rigid-flexible combined structure with rigidity inside and flexibility outside.

2. The rigid-flexible combined dangerous rockfall protection shed tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded fixing member comprises an embedded fixing ring and a steel strand; the lower part of the embedded fixing ring is an L-shaped rod body, and the upper part is a hook-shaped body; the rod body part of the embedded fixing ring is embedded in the shed tunnel reinforced lining arch, and the hook-shaped body part is located in the tire buffer layer; the steel strand is wrapped around the mesh of the passive protection net and then tied and fixed to the hook-shaped body of the embedded fixing ring.

3. The rigid-flexible combined dangerous rockfall protection shed tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of embedded fixing members are arranged in a plum blossom shape and embedded in the shed tunnel reinforced lining arch.

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