Power management circuit capable of reducing power consumption
By designing the negative control architecture and power switching transistors, the problems of leakage current path and static power consumption in power management are solved, achieving low power consumption, high response speed and high reliability power management.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing power management circuits suffer from high standby power consumption and static power consumption due to leakage current paths in negative control schemes. Furthermore, conventional FET drive circuits require independent power supplies, increasing circuit complexity and failing to effectively reduce power consumption.
A negative control architecture is adopted, using power switching transistors as switching devices. Through the negative connection unit, power transistor drive circuit, drive control circuit and voltage regulation circuit, high-frequency switching and low on-resistance of power management are achieved. Combined with control trigger circuit and power monitoring circuit, effective current management is achieved.
It effectively reduces power consumption in power management, improves response speed and reliability, avoids power loss, and simplifies power supply complexity.
Smart Images
Figure CN223987035U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a power management circuit, and more particularly to a power management circuit that can reduce power consumption. Background Technology
[0002] Power management is crucial in modern electronic devices, especially in portable or IoT devices. While traditional mechanical relays can also switch power on and off, they suffer from drawbacks such as large size, slow switching speed, and low reliability.
[0003] With the development of semiconductor technology, transistor-based switching circuits (such as bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and MOSFETs) have gradually become mainstream. They offer advantages such as faster response speeds, longer lifespans, and lower power consumption, leading to their widespread application in numerous fields. However, BJT devices suffer from drawbacks such as high base drive current requirements and significant power losses due to high on-state voltage drops. Particularly in high-current applications, the collector-emitter saturation voltage drop of BJTs generates significant heat accumulation, which not only reduces system efficiency but also presents challenges for heat dissipation design.
[0004] In recent years, field-effect transistors (FETs) have begun to be used in power control due to their voltage control characteristics. However, most existing FET applications use a positive control architecture, which has significant drawbacks: when a complete system power-off is required, the positive control cannot cut off any leakage current paths that may exist in the negative circuit, resulting in high standby power consumption. In addition, conventional FET driver circuits often require a separate power supply, which not only increases circuit complexity but also generates additional static power consumption in the off state, meaning that low-power power management cannot be achieved. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a power management circuit that can reduce power consumption, effectively reduce power management power consumption, and improve the response speed and reliability of power management.
[0006] According to the technical solution provided by this utility model, a power management circuit that can reduce power consumption includes:
[0007] A negative terminal connection unit is used to adapt and connect the negative terminal of the power supply to the negative terminal of the power supply. The negative terminal connection unit includes at least one power switching transistor unit, and each power switching transistor unit includes at least one power switching transistor.
[0008] The power transistor drive circuit is connected to the negative terminal connection unit and is used to drive the switching state of the power switching transistors in the negative terminal connection unit. When all the power switching transistors in the negative terminal connection unit are in the off state, the connection between the power supply negative terminal and the power supply negative terminal is cut off.
[0009] The drive power supply circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply and the power transistor drive circuit. It is used to draw power from the positive terminal of the power supply and perform voltage conversion, and at least apply the drive supply voltage formed after voltage conversion to the power transistor drive circuit.
[0010] The drive control circuit is adapted and connected to the positive terminal of the power supply and the drive power supply circuit. It is used to draw power from the positive terminal of the power supply and operate, and at least through the drive power supply circuit, regulates the drive state of the power switching transistor in the negative terminal connection unit by the power transistor drive circuit.
[0011] The drive control circuit includes a voltage regulator circuit and a control trigger circuit adapted and connected to the voltage regulator circuit, wherein...
[0012] The voltage regulator circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply to draw power from the positive terminal of the power supply and generate a control trigger voltage.
[0013] The control trigger circuit is adapted to the drive power supply circuit. When the control trigger circuit is in the control trigger state, it applies the control trigger voltage to the drive power supply circuit.
[0014] The control trigger circuit includes a control trigger switch and a control trigger optocoupler, wherein,
[0015] The positive terminal of the control trigger switch is connected to the anode of diode D3. The cathode of diode D3 is connected to the anode of the LED inside the control trigger optocoupler through resistor R4. The cathode of the LED inside the control trigger optocoupler is connected to one end of resistor R5 and one end of capacitor C3. The other end of resistor R5, the other end of capacitor C3, and the negative terminal of the control trigger switch are all grounded.
[0016] The collector of the phototransistor inside the control trigger optocoupler is connected to the control trigger voltage, and the emitter of the phototransistor inside the control trigger optocoupler is connected to the drive power supply circuit.
[0017] The voltage regulator circuit includes transistors Q1 and Q2, wherein,
[0018] Both transistors Q1 and Q2 are NPN transistors;
[0019] The collector of transistor Q1 is connected to one end of resistor R1, and the other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of resistor R2 and one end of resistor R3, and is adapted to the positive terminal of the power supply; the base of transistor Q1 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to the collector of transistor Q2.
[0020] The base of transistor Q2 is connected to the other end of resistor R3, one end of capacitor C2, and the cathode of Zener diode DZ1. The other end of capacitor C2 and the anode of Zener diode DZ1 are both grounded.
[0021] The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to one end of capacitor C1, forming a control trigger voltage output terminal. The generated control trigger voltage is applied to the control trigger circuit through the control trigger voltage output terminal, and the other end of capacitor C1 is grounded.
[0022] The drive power supply circuit includes a power conversion circuit and a power monitoring circuit, wherein...
[0023] The power conversion circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and both the power conversion circuit and the power monitoring circuit receive the control trigger voltage applied by the control trigger circuit.
[0024] The power conversion circuit draws power from the positive terminal of the power supply and applies the converted drive supply voltage to the power transistor drive circuit.
[0025] The power monitoring circuit monitors the voltage state of the control trigger voltage and adjusts the enable of the power transistor drive circuit based on the monitored voltage state of the control trigger voltage.
[0026] The power conversion circuit includes a voltage conversion chip U1, wherein...
[0027] The voltage conversion chip U1 uses a chip of model SCT2A25STER. The EN terminal of the voltage conversion chip U1 is connected to one end of resistor R11 and one end of resistor R8. The other end of resistor R11, the GND terminal and the PAD terminal of the voltage conversion chip U1 are all grounded. The other end of resistor R8, one end of resistor R6, one end of capacitor C4 and the control trigger circuit are connected to the conversion output circuit to output the drive supply voltage through the conversion output circuit.
[0028] The other end of resistor R6, the other end of capacitor C4 are connected to the FB terminal of voltage conversion chip U1 and one end of resistor R7, and the other end of resistor R7 is grounded.
[0029] The VIN terminal of the voltage conversion chip U1 is connected to one end of capacitor C5, one end of capacitor C6, one end of capacitor C7, and the cathode of diode D1. The anode of diode D1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the positive terminal of the power supply is also connected to the cathode of Zener diode DZ1. The anode of Zener diode DZ1, the other end of capacitor C5, the other end of capacitor C6, and the other end of capacitor C7 are all grounded.
[0030] The BST terminal of voltage conversion chip U1 is connected to one end of capacitor C13. One end of capacitor C13 is connected to the SW terminal of voltage conversion chip U1, the cathode of diode D2, and one end of inductor L1. The anode of diode D2 is grounded. The other end of inductor L1 is connected to the conversion output circuit.
[0031] The power monitoring circuit includes a voltage monitoring chip U3, in which,
[0032] The voltage monitoring chip U3 uses a MAX809R chip;
[0033] The VCC terminal of the voltage monitoring chip U3 is connected to one end of capacitor C15 and one end of resistor R20. The VCC terminal of the voltage monitoring chip U3 is also connected to the output terminal of the control trigger circuit. The other end of capacitor C15 and the GND terminal of voltage monitoring chip U3 are grounded. The other end of resistor R20 is connected to the RESET terminal of voltage monitoring chip U3 and one end of resistor R18. The other end of resistor R18 is connected to the power transistor drive circuit and one end of resistor R19. The other end of resistor R19 is grounded.
[0034] The power transistor drive circuit includes a drive management chip U2, wherein...
[0035] The driver management chip U2 uses a chip with the model number UCC27517DBVR. The VDD terminal of the driver management chip U2 is connected to the drive power supply voltage generated by the power conversion circuit. The VDD terminal of the driver management chip U2 is also grounded through capacitor C14. At the same time, the GND terminal and IN- terminal of the driver management chip U2 are also grounded.
[0036] The IN+ terminal of the driver management chip U2 is adapted to resistors R18 and R19, and the OUT terminal of the driver management chip U2 is adapted to the negative terminal connection unit through resistor R17.
[0037] When the negative terminal connection unit includes multiple power switch units, these power switch units are connected in parallel with each other.
[0038] For each power switch unit, the control terminal of the power switch in the power switch unit is connected to the output terminal of the power switch drive circuit through a control terminal resistor. The first connection terminal of the power switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply and is connected to the output terminal of the power switch drive circuit through a negative terminal connection resistor. The second connection terminal of the power switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.
[0039] The positive terminal of the power supply is formed by the positive terminal of the power supply, wherein a virtual voltage elimination unit for eliminating virtual voltage is provided between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the power supply.
[0040] Advantages of this utility model: The power management circuit adopts a negative control architecture, wherein the negative connection unit in the negative control architecture uses a power switching transistor as a switching device. This allows the negative connection unit to control the current of the output circuit through a voltage signal and to perform high-frequency switching. It also has the characteristics of large overcurrent capability, low on-resistance, easy control, and small size, thereby improving the response speed and reliability of power management.
[0041] By receiving external trigger management signals through the control trigger circuit, the switching state of the control trigger switch can be configured based on the trigger management signals. When the control trigger switch is configured to be in the control trigger state based on the trigger management signals, the control trigger voltage can be applied to the power conversion circuit and the power monitoring circuit. Subsequently, the power transistor drive circuit can be configured to drive the power switch in the negative terminal connection unit to the closed conduction state, so as to realize the effective connection between the power supply negative terminal and the power supply negative terminal. When the control trigger switch is configured to be in the non-control trigger state based on the trigger management signals, the control trigger voltage applied to the power conversion circuit and the power monitoring circuit is removed. Subsequently, the power transistor drive circuit can be configured to drive the power switch in the negative terminal connection unit to the off state, so as to cut off the connection between the power supply negative terminal and the power supply negative terminal, thereby effectively managing the power supply.
[0042] As can be seen from the above description, when the control trigger voltage applied to the power conversion circuit and the power monitoring circuit is removed, the power conversion circuit, the power monitoring circuit and the power transistor drive circuit are all shut down. That is, except for the voltage regulator circuit, the other currents in the power management circuit are in a power-off and non-working state, which can effectively reduce power consumption and avoid wasting the power of the power supply. Attached Figure Description
[0043] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of one embodiment of the present utility model.
[0044] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the drive control circuit and power conversion circuit of this utility model.
[0045] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the power monitoring circuit and the power transistor drive circuit of this utility model.
[0046] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the negative electrode connection unit of this utility model.
[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Voltage regulator circuit, 2-Control trigger circuit, 3-Power conversion circuit, 4-Power transistor drive circuit, 5-Power monitoring circuit, 6-Negative connection unit. Detailed Implementation
[0048] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the specific accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0049] To effectively reduce power consumption in power management, this invention provides a power management circuit that can reduce power consumption. Specifically, the power management circuit includes:
[0050] The negative terminal connection unit 6 is used to adapt and connect the negative terminal of the power supply to the negative terminal of the power supply. The negative terminal connection unit 6 includes at least one power switching transistor unit, and each power switching transistor unit includes at least one power switching transistor.
[0051] The power transistor drive circuit 4 is connected to the negative terminal connection unit 6 and is used to drive the switching state of the power switching transistors in the negative terminal connection unit 6. When all the power switching transistors in the negative terminal connection unit 6 are in the off state, the connection between the power supply negative terminal and the power supply negative terminal is cut off.
[0052] The drive power supply circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply and the power transistor drive circuit 4. It is used to draw power from the positive terminal of the power supply and perform voltage conversion, and at least apply the drive supply voltage formed after voltage conversion to the power transistor drive circuit 4.
[0053] The drive control circuit is adapted and connected to the positive terminal of the power supply and the drive power supply circuit. It is used to draw power from the positive terminal of the power supply and to regulate the drive state of the power switching transistors in the negative terminal connection unit 6 of the power transistor drive circuit 4 at least through the drive power supply circuit.
[0054] To effectively reduce power consumption during power management, the power management circuit of this invention adopts a negative control architecture. In this case, a negative connection unit 6 should be configured in the power management circuit to connect with the negative power supply terminal and the negative power supply terminal of the power supply. That is, the negative power supply terminal and the negative power supply terminal can be adapted and connected through the negative connection unit 6. It should be noted that when the negative control architecture is adopted, the negative power supply terminal is the negative terminal when the load is connected. In addition, the positive power supply terminal can be formed through the positive power supply terminal. When supplying power to the load, the load should be adapted and connected with the negative power supply terminal and the positive power supply terminal.
[0055] Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic of one embodiment of a power management circuit. In the diagram, Bat is the power supply, B- is the negative terminal of the power supply, B+ is the positive terminal of the power supply, P+ is the positive terminal of the power supply, P- is the negative terminal of the power supply, and RL is the load.
[0056] As can be seen from the above description, when power is supplied to the load, the load is not directly connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. When the negative terminal of the power supply is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply through the negative terminal connection unit 6, the load and the negative terminal of the power supply can be connected to form a power supply circuit. When the connection between the negative terminal of the power supply and the negative terminal of the power supply is disconnected through the negative terminal connection unit 6, the power supply circuit can be cut off, thereby cutting off the power supply to the load.
[0057] To improve response speed and overcurrent capability, the negative terminal connection unit 6 should include at least one power switch unit, and each power switch unit should include at least one power switch. The power switch can be a commonly used MOSFET device, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 4 The diagram shows one embodiment where the power switch uses an NMOS transistor. Of course, other forms of power switches can also be used, and the specific choice can be made according to the needs. These will not be listed here.
[0058] When the negative connection unit 6 includes a power switching transistor unit, a power transistor drive circuit 4 should be configured within the power management circuit to drive the switching state of the power switching transistor within the load connection unit 6, such as... Figure 1 As shown. It should be noted that when all power switches in the load connection unit 6 are in the off state, the connection between the negative power supply electrode and the negative power supply terminal can be cut off. As explained above, this disconnects the power supply circuit. Conversely, when the power switches in the load connection unit 6 are in the on state, the connection between the negative power supply terminal and the negative power supply terminal can be achieved. Here, the switching state of the power switches specifically refers to whether the power switches are in the on or off state.
[0059] To meet the power supply requirements of the power transistor drive circuit 4 and reduce the complexity of using an independent power supply in existing technologies, the power management circuit of this invention can be equipped with a drive power supply circuit. When the drive power supply circuit is configured, it should be connected to the positive terminal of the power supply to draw power from the positive terminal and perform voltage conversion, generating a drive supply voltage. It is understood that the drive supply voltage generated by the voltage conversion in the drive power supply circuit should meet the voltage requirements of the power transistor drive circuit 4. Since power can be directly drawn from the positive terminal of the power supply, the complexity of the power supply is reduced compared to the use of an independent power supply in existing technologies.
[0060] To improve the controllability of power management, a drive control circuit should also be configured within the power management circuit. This drive control circuit can receive external trigger management signals and use these signals to adjust the drive state of the power switching transistor within the negative connection unit 6 by the power transistor drive circuit 4. For example, it can control the power switching transistor within the negative connection unit 6 to be in the off state or in the closed conducting state. It should be noted that the drive control circuit can also draw power from the positive terminal of the power supply, thereby further reducing the complexity of the power supply.
[0061] In one embodiment of this utility model, the drive control circuit includes a voltage regulator circuit 1 and a control trigger circuit 2 adapted and connected to the voltage regulator circuit 1, wherein...
[0062] The voltage regulator circuit 1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply to draw power from the positive terminal of the power supply and generate a control trigger voltage;
[0063] The control trigger circuit 2 is adapted to the drive power supply circuit. When the control trigger circuit 2 is in the control trigger state, it applies the control trigger voltage to the drive power supply circuit.
[0064] Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the drive control circuit of this utility model. As can be seen from the figure, the drive control circuit may include a voltage regulator circuit 1 and a control trigger circuit 2. The voltage regulator circuit 1 can draw power from the positive terminal of the power supply and generate a stable control trigger voltage. Of course, the generated control trigger voltage should be applied to the control trigger circuit 2.
[0065] The control trigger circuit 2 should be in a controllable triggering form. For example, the control trigger circuit 2 can be configured to be in a control triggering state according to the trigger management signal. When the control trigger circuit 2 is in a control triggering state, the control trigger voltage can be applied to the drive power supply circuit; when the control trigger circuit is not in a control triggering state or is in a non-control triggering state, the control trigger voltage will not be applied to the drive power supply circuit. The following provides examples illustrating the cases of the voltage regulator circuit 1 and the control trigger circuit 2.
[0066] In one embodiment of this utility model, the control trigger circuit 2 includes a control trigger switch and a control trigger optocoupler, wherein...
[0067] The positive terminal of the control trigger switch is connected to the anode of diode D3. The cathode of diode D3 is connected to the anode of the LED inside the control trigger optocoupler through resistor R4. The cathode of the LED inside the control trigger optocoupler is connected to one end of resistor R5 and one end of capacitor C3. The other end of resistor R5, the other end of capacitor C3, and the negative terminal of the control trigger switch are all grounded.
[0068] The collector of the phototransistor inside the control trigger optocoupler is connected to the control trigger voltage, and the emitter of the phototransistor inside the control trigger optocoupler is connected to the drive power supply circuit.
[0069] Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic of one embodiment of the control trigger circuit 2. Figure 2 In this circuit, P1 is the connector for the control trigger switch. The control trigger switch can be a commonly used mechanical switch or a semiconductor switch. The type of control trigger switch can be selected as needed, based on the ability to configure the control trigger state of the control trigger switch using the trigger management signal. In specific implementation, when the control trigger switch is in the closed state, the control trigger circuit 2 is in the control trigger state, and when the control trigger switch is in the open state, the control trigger circuit 2 is in the non-control trigger state. Figure 2 ISO1 in the text refers to the control trigger optocoupler.
[0070] right Figure 2 The control trigger circuit 2 shown in the figure can make the light-emitting diode in the control trigger optocoupler work when the control trigger switch is in the control trigger state, thereby driving the phototransistor in the control trigger optocoupler to work. At this time, the control trigger voltage can be transmitted to the emitter of the phototransistor in the control trigger optocoupler. Figure 2 In this context, VEN is the voltage at the emitter of the phototransistor within the control trigger optocoupler. As explained above, when the control trigger circuit 2 is in the control trigger state, the voltage VEN is the same as the control trigger voltage. However, when the control trigger circuit 2 is in the non-control trigger state, the voltage VEN is 0.
[0071] In one embodiment of this utility model, the voltage regulator circuit 1 includes transistor Q1 and transistor Q2, wherein...
[0072] Both transistors Q1 and Q2 are NPN transistors;
[0073] The collector of transistor Q1 is connected to one end of resistor R1, and the other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of resistor R2 and one end of resistor R3, and is adapted to the positive terminal of the power supply; the base of transistor Q1 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2, and the other end of resistor R2 is connected to the collector of transistor Q2.
[0074] The base of transistor Q2 is connected to the other end of resistor R3, one end of capacitor C2, and the cathode of Zener diode DZ1. The other end of capacitor C2 and the anode of Zener diode DZ1 are both grounded.
[0075] The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to one end of capacitor C1, forming a control trigger voltage output terminal. The generated control trigger voltage is applied to the control trigger circuit through the control trigger voltage output terminal, and the other end of capacitor C1 is grounded.
[0076] Figure 2 The diagram shows a circuit schematic of one embodiment of the voltage regulator circuit 1. As can be seen from the diagram, when the other end of resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, specifically, the other end of resistor R1 is connected to the cathode terminal of diode D1, that is, connected to the positive terminal of the power supply through diode D1. It should be noted that... Figure 2 The voltage regulator circuit 1 shown in the figure should provide a control trigger voltage of 5V. Figure 1 The diagram also shows an embodiment where the control trigger voltage is 5V obtained through voltage regulator circuit 1. Of course, voltage regulator circuit 1 can also take other forms, which can be selected according to needs, and will not be described in detail here.
[0077] In one embodiment of this utility model, the driving power supply circuit includes a power conversion circuit 3 and a power monitoring circuit 5, wherein...
[0078] The power conversion circuit 3 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and both the power conversion circuit 3 and the power monitoring circuit 5 receive the control trigger voltage applied by the control trigger circuit 2.
[0079] The power conversion circuit 3 draws power from the positive terminal of the power supply and applies the converted drive supply voltage to the power transistor drive circuit 4;
[0080] The power monitoring circuit 5 monitors the voltage state of the control trigger voltage and adjusts the enable of the power transistor drive circuit 4 based on the monitored voltage state of the control trigger voltage.
[0081] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates one embodiment of a drive power supply circuit. As shown, the drive power supply circuit may include a power conversion circuit 3 and a power monitoring circuit 5. The power conversion circuit 3 draws power from the positive terminal of the power supply and then converts the voltage to generate a drive supply voltage, which provides the operating voltage required by the power transistor drive circuit 4. It should be noted that the power conversion circuit 3 can only draw power from the positive terminal of the power supply and perform voltage conversion when the voltage VEN is in a valid state. When the control trigger circuit 2 is in a control trigger state, the voltage VEN is in a valid state.
[0082] The power monitoring circuit 5 also receives the control trigger voltage applied by the control trigger circuit 2 and monitors the received control trigger voltage. When monitoring the control trigger voltage, it mainly determines the received voltage state and adjusts the enable state of the power transistor drive circuit 4. For example, the power transistor drive circuit 4 can be configured to be in an enabled state or an disabled state. Generally, when it is in an enabled state, the power switch transistor can be driven to be in a closed conducting state, and when it is in a disabled state, the power switch transistor can be driven to be in a turned-off state.
[0083] In one embodiment of this utility model, the power conversion circuit 3 includes a voltage conversion chip U1, wherein...
[0084] The voltage conversion chip U1 uses a chip of model SCT2A25STER. The EN terminal of the voltage conversion chip U1 is connected to one end of resistor R11 and one end of resistor R8. The other end of resistor R11, the GND terminal and the PAD terminal of the voltage conversion chip U1 are all grounded. The other end of resistor R8, one end of resistor R6, one end of capacitor C4 and control trigger circuit 2 are connected to the conversion output circuit so as to output the drive power supply voltage through the conversion output circuit.
[0085] The other end of resistor R6, the other end of capacitor C4 are connected to the FB terminal of voltage conversion chip U1 and one end of resistor R7, and the other end of resistor R7 is grounded.
[0086] The VIN terminal of the voltage conversion chip U1 is connected to one end of capacitor C5, one end of capacitor C6, one end of capacitor C7, and the cathode of diode D1. The anode of diode D1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the positive terminal of the power supply is also connected to the cathode of Zener diode DZ1. The anode of Zener diode DZ1, the other end of capacitor C5, the other end of capacitor C6, and the other end of capacitor C7 are all grounded.
[0087] The BST terminal of voltage conversion chip U1 is connected to one end of capacitor C13. One end of capacitor C13 is connected to the SW terminal of voltage conversion chip U1, the cathode of diode D2, and one end of inductor L1. The anode of diode D2 is grounded. The other end of inductor L1 is connected to the conversion output circuit.
[0088] Figure 2 The diagram shows a circuit schematic of one embodiment of the power conversion circuit 3. In the diagram, when the resistor R8 is connected to the control trigger circuit 2, it specifically means that the resistor R8 is connected to the emitter of the phototransistor inside the control trigger optocoupler so that it can receive the voltage VEN mentioned above. Figure 2The figure also shows an embodiment of the conversion output circuit, which includes capacitors C8, C9, C10, and C11, resistors R21 and R22. One end of each of the following capacitors is connected to an inductor L1 and a resistor R8: one end of each of the following capacitors is connected to ground ...
[0089] Depend on Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that when the voltage conversion chip U1 uses the SCT2A25STER chip, the driving power supply voltage generated by the power conversion circuit 3 is generally 12V. Of course, the driving power supply voltage can also be other voltages, as long as they can meet the working requirements of the power tube driving circuit 4.
[0090] In one embodiment of this utility model, the power monitoring circuit 5 includes a voltage monitoring chip U3, wherein...
[0091] The voltage monitoring chip U3 uses a MAX809R chip;
[0092] The VCC terminal of the voltage monitoring chip U3 is connected to one end of capacitor C15 and one end of resistor R20. The VCC terminal of the voltage monitoring chip U3 is also connected to the output terminal of the control trigger circuit. The other end of capacitor C15 and the GND terminal of voltage monitoring chip U3 are grounded. The other end of resistor R20 is connected to the RESET terminal of voltage monitoring chip U3 and one end of resistor R18. The other end of resistor R18 is connected to the power transistor drive circuit and one end of resistor R19. The other end of resistor R19 is grounded.
[0093] As explained above, the power monitoring circuit 5 monitors the voltage VEN. When the voltage VEN exceeds the monitoring threshold, the power monitoring circuit 5 can load a valid drive enable signal to the power transistor drive circuit 4; otherwise, it loads an invalid drive enable signal to the power transistor drive circuit 4. When the drive enable signal is valid, the power transistor drive circuit 4 can drive the power switch to be in the closed conducting state; otherwise, it can drive the power switch to be in the off state.
[0094] Figure 3 The diagram shows a circuit schematic of one embodiment of the power monitoring circuit 5. As can be seen from the diagram, the voltage monitoring chip U3 is a MAX809R chip. When the power monitoring circuit 5 uses... Figure 3In the circuit configuration, the monitoring threshold can be 2.63V. That is, when the voltage VEN decreases from 5V to 2.63V, the voltage monitoring chip U3 applies a drive enable signal to the power transistor drive circuit 4, changing it from an active state to an inactive state. Of course, the power monitoring circuit 5 can also adopt other circuit forms, which can be selected according to needs, and will not be elaborated here.
[0095] Understandably, the voltage monitoring chip U3 can also use other models of chips, such as LV809L30DBVR, APX809S-26SA-7, SGM809-RXN3L / TR, CAT809RTBI-GT3, etc. The specific chip model can be selected according to the needs of voltage monitoring.
[0096] In one embodiment of this utility model, the power transistor drive circuit 4 includes a drive management chip U2, wherein...
[0097] The driver management chip U2 uses a chip with the model number UCC27517DBVR. The VDD terminal of the driver management chip U2 is connected to the drive power supply voltage generated by the power conversion circuit. The VDD terminal of the driver management chip U2 is also grounded through capacitor C14. At the same time, the GND terminal and IN- terminal of the driver management chip U2 are also grounded.
[0098] The IN+ terminal of the driver management chip U2 is adapted to resistors R18 and R19, and the OUT terminal of the driver management chip U2 is adapted to the negative terminal connection unit through resistor R17.
[0099] Figure 3 The diagram also shows a schematic of one embodiment of the power transistor drive circuit 4. Within the power transistor drive circuit 4, the drive management chip U2 can be a UCC27517DBVR chip. The drive enable signal loaded by the power monitoring circuit 5 can be received through the IN+ terminal of the drive management chip U2, and the power switching transistor unit can be driven through the OUT terminal of the drive management chip U2. It is understood that the drive management chip U2 can also be other types of chips, such as L27517, JSM27517, MX27517, EG27517, etc. The specific chip model can be selected as needed to meet the requirements of power transistor drive.
[0100] In one embodiment of this utility model, when the negative terminal connection unit 6 includes multiple power switch units, the multiple power switch units are connected in parallel with each other, wherein...
[0101] For each power switch unit, the control terminal of the power switch in the power switch unit is connected to the output terminal of the power switch drive circuit through a control terminal resistor. The first connection terminal of the power switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply and is connected to the output terminal of the power switch drive circuit 4 through a negative terminal connection resistor. The second connection terminal of the power switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply.
[0102] It should be noted that the negative terminal connection unit 6 may also include one or more power switch units. When there are multiple power switch units, they are connected in parallel to each other so that the overcurrent capability of the negative terminal connection unit 6 can be improved by using multiple power switch units. Figure 4 The figure shows a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the negative terminal connection unit 6. The negative terminal connection unit 6 includes six power switching transistor units. The following is a further explanation. Figure 4 The situation of the six power switching transistor units in the middle is explained.
[0103] according to Figure 4 From top to bottom, the six power switch units are designated as the first to the sixth power switch units. The first power switch unit includes power switch Q3, which is an NMOS transistor. Resistor R9 forms the control terminal resistor. In this configuration, the control terminal of power switch Q3 is its gate terminal. The first connection terminal of power switch Q3 is its source terminal, and the second connection terminal is its drain terminal. Figure 4 All power switching transistors in this circuit are NMOS transistors. Therefore, the corresponding control terminal, the first connection terminal of the switching transistor, and the second connection terminal of the switching transistor all have the same meaning. Please refer to the explanation here for details.
[0104] Figure 4 In the configuration, the second power switch unit includes a power switch Q4, and a resistor R12 forms a control terminal resistor; the third power switch unit includes a power switch Q5, and a resistor R13 forms a control terminal resistor; the fourth power switch unit includes a power switch Q6, and a resistor R14 forms a control terminal resistor; the fifth power switch unit includes a power switch Q7, and a resistor R15 forms a control terminal resistor; and the sixth power switch unit includes a power switch Q8, and a resistor R16 forms a control terminal resistor.
[0105] As can be seen from the above description, each power switch unit includes a power switch and a control terminal resistor. Figure 4In the circuit, resistor R10 is the negative terminal connection resistor. In addition, the output terminal of the power transistor drive circuit 4 is also connected to the cathode of the Zener diode D10, and the anode of the Zener diode D10 is connected to resistor R10, so that the Zener diode D10 and resistor R10 are connected in parallel. Figure 4 The device may also include capacitors C16 and C17. One end of capacitor C16 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and the other end of capacitor C16 is connected to one end of capacitor C17. The other end of capacitor C17 is connected to the second connection terminal of all power switching transistors.
[0106] In one embodiment of this utility model, a virtual voltage elimination unit for eliminating virtual voltage is provided between the positive power supply terminal and the negative power supply terminal.
[0107] Figure 4 The figure illustrates one embodiment of a virtual voltage elimination unit. As shown in the figure, the virtual voltage elimination unit may include resistors R23 and R24, which are connected in parallel. The two ends of resistors R23 and R24 are respectively adapted to connect to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply. The virtual voltage elimination unit can eliminate virtual voltage and improve the reliability of power supply to the load through the positive and negative terminals of the power supply. The virtual voltage situation can be consistent with the prior art. Of course, the virtual voltage elimination unit can also take other forms, which can be selected according to the needs, and will not be described in detail here.
[0108] As can be seen from the above description, the power management circuit of this utility model adopts a negative control architecture. The negative connection unit 6 in the negative control architecture uses a power switching transistor as a switching device, which enables the negative connection unit 6 to control the current of the output circuit through voltage signals and to perform high-frequency switching. It also has the characteristics of large overcurrent capacity, low on-resistance, easy control, and small size.
[0109] By receiving external trigger management signals through the control trigger circuit 2, the switching state of the control trigger switch can be configured based on the trigger management signals. When the control trigger switch is configured to be in the control trigger state based on the trigger management signals, the control trigger voltage can be applied to the power conversion circuit 3 and the power monitoring circuit 5. Subsequently, the power transistor drive circuit 4 can be configured to drive the power switch in the negative terminal connection unit 6 to be in the closed conduction state, so as to realize the effective connection between the power supply negative terminal and the power supply negative terminal. When the control trigger switch is configured to be in the non-control trigger state based on the trigger management signals, the control trigger voltage applied to the power conversion circuit 3 and the power monitoring circuit 5 is removed. Subsequently, the power transistor drive circuit 4 can be configured to drive the power switch in the negative terminal connection unit 6 to be in the off state, so as to cut off the connection between the power supply negative terminal and the power supply negative terminal, thereby effectively managing the power supply.
[0110] As can be seen from the above description, when the control trigger voltage applied to the power conversion circuit 3 and the power monitoring circuit 5 is removed, the power conversion circuit 3, the power monitoring circuit 5 and the power tube drive circuit 4 are all shut down. That is, except for the voltage regulator circuit 1, the other currents in the power management circuit are in a power-off and non-working state, which can effectively reduce power consumption and avoid losing power.
Claims
1. A power management circuit that can reduce power consumption, characterized in that, The power management circuit comprises: A negative electrode connecting unit for adaptively connecting a power supply negative electrode end of a power supply and a power supply negative electrode end, wherein the negative electrode connecting unit comprises at least one power switch tube unit, and each power switch tube unit comprises at least one power switch tube; A power tube driving circuit connected with the negative electrode connecting unit, for driving the switching state of the power switch tube in the negative electrode connecting unit, wherein when all the power switch tubes in the negative electrode connecting unit are in the off state, the connection between the power supply negative electrode end and the power supply negative electrode end is cut off; A driving power supply circuit connected with the power supply positive electrode end of the power supply and the power tube driving circuit, for taking power from the power supply positive electrode end of the power supply and performing voltage conversion, and at least loading the driving power supply voltage formed after voltage conversion to the power tube driving circuit; A driving control circuit adaptively connected with the power supply positive electrode end of the power supply and the driving power supply circuit, for taking power from the power supply positive electrode end of the power supply to work, and at least regulating and controlling the driving state of the power switch tube in the negative electrode connecting unit by the driving power supply circuit and the power tube driving circuit.
2. The power management circuit according to claim 1, characterized by: The driving control circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit and a control trigger circuit adaptively connected with the voltage stabilizing circuit, wherein The voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the power supply positive electrode end of the power supply, to take power from the power supply positive electrode end of the power supply and generate a control trigger voltage; The control trigger circuit is adaptively connected with the driving power supply circuit, wherein when the control trigger circuit is in a control trigger state, the control trigger voltage is loaded to the driving power supply circuit.
3. The power management circuit according to claim 2, characterized by: The control trigger circuit comprises a control trigger switch and a control trigger photocoupler, wherein The positive end of the control trigger switch is connected with the anode end of the diode D3, the cathode end of the diode D3 is connected with the anode end of the light emitting diode in the control trigger photocoupler through the resistor R4, the cathode end of the light emitting diode in the control trigger photocoupler is connected with one end of the resistor R5 and one end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the resistor R5, the other end of the capacitor C3 and the negative end of the control trigger switch are all grounded; The collector end of the phototriode in the control trigger photocoupler is connected with the control trigger voltage, and the emitter of the phototriode in the control trigger photocoupler is connected with the driving power supply circuit.
4. The power management circuit according to claim 2, characterized by: The voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a transistor Q1 and a transistor Q2, wherein Both the transistor Q1 and the transistor Q2 are NPN transistors; The collector end of the transistor Q1 is connected with one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R3, and is adaptively connected with the power supply positive electrode end of the power supply; the base end of the transistor Q1 is connected with the emitter end of the transistor Q2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the collector end of the transistor Q2; The base end of the transistor Q2 is connected with the other end of the resistor R3, one end of the capacitor C2 and the cathode end of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ1, and the other end of the capacitor C2 and the anode end of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ1 are both grounded; The emitter end of the transistor Q1 is connected with one end of the capacitor C1, and forms a control trigger voltage output end, to load the generated control trigger voltage to the control trigger circuit through the control trigger voltage output end, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded.
5. The power management circuit according to claim 2, characterized by: The driving power supply circuit comprises a power supply conversion circuit and a power supply monitoring circuit, wherein The power conversion circuit is connected with the power positive terminal of the power supply, and the power conversion circuit and the power supply monitoring circuit receive the control trigger voltage loaded by the control trigger circuit; The power conversion circuit takes power from the power positive terminal of the power supply and loads the converted driving power supply voltage to the power tube driving circuit; The power supply monitoring circuit monitors the voltage state of the control trigger voltage and adjusts the enablement of the power tube driving circuit based on the monitored voltage state of the control trigger voltage.
6. The power management circuit according to claim 5, characterized by: The power conversion circuit comprises a voltage conversion chip U1, wherein The voltage conversion chip U1 adopts a chip with a model number of SCT2A25STER, the EN end of the voltage conversion chip U1 is connected with one end of a resistor R11 and one end of a resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R11, the GND end and the PAD end of the voltage conversion chip U1 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R8, one end of a resistor R6, one end of a capacitor C4 and the control trigger circuit are connected with the conversion output circuit to output the driving power supply voltage through the conversion output circuit; The other end of the resistor R6 and the other end of the capacitor C4 are connected with the FB end of the voltage conversion chip U1 and one end of a resistor R7, and the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded; The VIN end of the voltage conversion chip U1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C5, one end of a capacitor C6, one end of a capacitor C7 and the cathode end of a diode D1, the anode end of the diode D1 is connected with the power positive terminal of the power supply, and the power positive terminal of the power supply is also connected with the cathode end of a voltage stabilizing diode DZ1, the anode end of the voltage stabilizing diode DZ1, the other end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C6 and the other end of the capacitor C7 are grounded; The BST end of the voltage conversion chip U1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C13, and the one end of the capacitor C13 is connected with the SW end of the voltage conversion chip U1, the cathode end of a diode D2 and one end of an inductor L1, the anode end of the diode D2 is grounded, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the conversion output circuit.
7. The power management circuit according to claim 5, characterized by: The power supply monitoring circuit comprises a voltage monitoring chip U3, wherein The voltage monitoring chip U3 adopts a chip with a model number of MAX809R; The VCC end of the voltage monitoring chip U3 is connected with one end of a capacitor C15 and one end of a resistor R20, and the VCC end of the voltage monitoring chip U3 is also adaptively connected with the output end of the control trigger circuit, the other end of the capacitor C15 and the GND end of the voltage monitoring chip U3 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R20 is connected with the RESET end of the voltage monitoring chip U3 and one end of a resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with the power tube driving circuit and one end of a resistor R19, and the other end of the resistor R19 is grounded.
8. The power management circuit according to claim 7, characterized by: The power tube driving circuit comprises a driving management chip U2, wherein The driving management chip U2 adopts a chip with a model number of UCC27517DBVR, the VDD end of the driving management chip U2 is connected with the driving power supply voltage generated by the power conversion circuit, and the VDD end of the driving management chip U2 is also grounded through the capacitor C14, and meanwhile, the GND end and the IN- end of the driving management chip U2 are grounded; The IN+ end of the drive management chip U2 is adaptively connected with the resistor R18 and the resistor R19, and the OUT end of the drive management chip U2 is adaptively connected with the negative connection unit through the resistor R17.
9. The power management circuit capable of reducing power consumption according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by: When the negative connection unit includes a plurality of power switch tube units, the plurality of power switch tube units are connected in parallel with each other, wherein, For each power switch tube unit, the control end of the power switch tube in the power switch tube unit is connected with the output end of the power tube drive circuit through a control end resistor, the first connection end of the power switch tube is connected with the negative end of the power supply, and the second connection end of the power switch tube is connected with the negative end of the power supply through a negative connection resistor.
10. The power management circuit capable of reducing power consumption according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by: The positive end of the power supply is formed by the positive end of the power supply, and a virtual voltage elimination unit for eliminating virtual voltage is arranged between the positive end of the power supply and the negative end of the power supply.