Efficient solvent rectification device
By using multi-directional feeding components, tray layers, and packing layer structures, combined with a spray system, the problem of the single feeding method in traditional distillation units has been solved, achieving efficient separation and stable operation of mixed systems of multiple materials, and improving product purity and separation efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520239684.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-15
AI Technical Summary
Traditional distillation units have a single feeding method, which makes it impossible to select the appropriate feeding location based on the characteristics of the materials, resulting in low separation accuracy and efficiency of mixed material systems.
It adopts a multi-directional feeding component, tray layer and packing layer structure, combined with a spray system, and achieves flexible feeding and multiple mass and heat transfer through multiple feed pipes and an automated control system, thereby enhancing the gas-liquid contact area and mass transfer efficiency.
It improves the separation accuracy and efficiency of multi-material mixing systems, enhances product purity, ensures the stability and continuity of the distillation process, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223995427U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chemical separation technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency solvent distillation device. Background Technology
[0002] The separation and purification of chemical products is an indispensable and important unit in industrial production, playing a crucial role in many chemical processes. In actual production, in order to obtain high-purity products, it is often necessary to comprehensively utilize multiple unit operation processes, among which distillation is a relatively important one.
[0003] A distillation column is an important piece of equipment used to separate liquid mixtures. Its basic structure includes a column body, trays or packing, a feed inlet, a top vapor outlet, a bottom residue outlet, a reboiler, and a condenser. The column body, as a container, provides the space for separation operations. The internal trays or packing promote sufficient contact and mass and heat transfer between the gas and liquid phases. The feed inlet is the channel through which the mixture enters the column. The reboiler heats the liquid at the bottom, causing partial vaporization to generate rising vapor, which powers the distillation process. The condenser condenses the top vapor, with a portion collected as product and the remainder returned to the top. During operation, the mixture enters the column, and relying on the rising vapor generated by the reboiler, the gas and liquid phases undergo multiple mass and heat transfers on the trays or packing. Utilizing the difference in boiling points of the components, lighter components are enriched at the top, while heavier components are enriched at the bottom, thus achieving the purpose of separating and purifying the liquid mixture.
[0004] However, traditional distillation units typically use a single feed pipe, which greatly limits their ability to process materials with different properties. When faced with a mixture of multiple materials, it is impossible to select a suitable feed location based on the material characteristics, resulting in poor separation efficiency. At the same time, traditional distillation units mostly rely on a single packing layer for separation and purification. Although the packing layer increases the gas-liquid contact area and enhances mass transfer to some extent, different materials have different physicochemical properties, including boiling point range, phase equilibrium relationship, and interaction with the packing surface. A single packing layer cannot simultaneously meet these complex requirements, resulting in low separation accuracy and efficiency for mixtures of multiple materials. Therefore, a high-efficiency solvent distillation unit is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a high-efficiency solvent distillation device, which aims to improve the problems of traditional distillation devices in the prior art, such as the single feeding method, inability to select a suitable feeding position according to the material characteristics, and reliance on a single packing layer for separation, resulting in low separation accuracy and efficiency for mixed systems of multiple materials.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A high-efficiency solvent distillation apparatus includes a base, a distillation column mounted on top of the base, a condenser mounted on top of the distillation column, a drain pipe mounted on bottom of the distillation column, multiple feed pipes evenly distributed in the middle of the distillation column, multiple tray layers and multiple packing layers evenly distributed inside the distillation column, a multi-directional feed assembly provided on the outside of the distillation column, a water tank provided on the side of the distillation column away from the feed pipes, a spray assembly provided on top of the water tank, a reboiler provided at the bottom of the distillation column, and an outlet pipe provided on top of the condenser.
[0008] The multi-directional feeding assembly includes a fixed pipe, and a second feed pipe is installed on the side of the fixed pipe near the distillation column. A manual valve and a solenoid valve are provided on the outside of the first feed pipe.
[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0010] The spray assembly includes a water pump, which is located in the middle of the water tank, and the output end of the water pump is fixedly connected to a delivery pipe.
[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0012] A fixing block is fixedly connected between the distillation column and the fixed tube;
[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0014] The feed pipe one is fixedly connected to one end of the feed pipe two near the fixed pipe;
[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0016] The number of manual valves and solenoid valves is consistent with the number of feed pipes;
[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0018] Both the first feed pipe and the second feed pipe are assembled in the middle of the fixed pipe;
[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0020] The inner wall of the distillation column is equipped with a spray pipe, and multiple spray heads are evenly distributed on the side of the spray pipe near the tray.
[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution:
[0022] The tray layer is disposed on top of the packing layer and is also disposed directly below the spray head.
[0023] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0024] 1. In this utility model, multiple feed pipes are connected by a fixed pipe, and each feed pipe is connected to a corresponding feed pipe leading to the distillation column. This allows the operator to select the appropriate feed pipe based on the preliminary analysis results of the material. If some components in the material have special properties, such as similar boiling points and mutual interference, in order to improve the separation effect, the feed can be selected from a feed pipe at a specific position in the middle of the distillation column, so that the material begins the separation process in a specific area within the column. This method breaks the single feeding method of traditional distillation devices, allowing multiple materials with different properties to enter the distillation column at the most suitable position, improving the targeting and efficiency of separation, and effectively overcoming the limitation of traditional distillation devices that can only be used for single materials, allowing the device to better cope with the separation needs of complex mixed systems.
[0025] 2. In this utility model, by setting up a tray layer and a packing layer in the distillation column, the gas and liquid phases undergo multiple mass and heat transfers under the impetus of rising steam. The tray layer promotes full contact between gas and liquid, realizing the initial exchange of light and heavy components. The packing layer further increases the gas-liquid contact area and enhances the mass transfer effect. The synergistic effect of the two greatly improves the separation accuracy of mixed systems of multiple materials compared with the traditional distillation method that relies solely on packing. It enables light and heavy components to be more effectively enriched at the top and bottom of the column, respectively, thereby improving the purity of the product.
[0026] 3. In this utility model, the spray structure, consisting of a water tank, a water pump, a delivery pipe, a spray pipe, and a spray head, uniformly sprays the spray liquid in a mist onto the trays. On the one hand, the spray liquid reduces the local temperature inside the tower, which helps the heavy components in the gas phase to condense and improve the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency; on the other hand, it washes the trays to prevent the accumulation of impurities, maintain the stability of the distillation process, ensure the long-term stable operation of the distillation unit, reduce maintenance costs and production interruptions caused by malfunctions, and ensure the continuity of production. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a high-efficiency solvent distillation apparatus proposed in this utility model;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drain pipe of a high-efficiency solvent distillation device proposed in this utility model;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reboiler of a high-efficiency solvent distillation apparatus proposed in this utility model.
[0030] Legend:
[0031] 1. Base; 2. Distillation column; 3. Water tank; 4. Condenser; 5. Feed pipe one; 6. Gas outlet pipe; 7. Drain pipe; 8. Multi-directional feed assembly; 9. Fixed pipe; 10. Fixed block; 11. Manual valve; 12. Solenoid valve; 13. Feed pipe two; 14. Spray assembly; 15. Water pump; 16. Conveying pipe; 17. Spray pipe; 18. Spray head; 19. Tray layer; 20. Packing layer; 21. Reboiler. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 An embodiment of this utility model provides: a solvent high-efficiency distillation device, including a base 1, a distillation column 2 assembled on the top of the base 1, a condenser 4 assembled on the top of the distillation column 2, a drain pipe 7 assembled on the bottom of the distillation column 2, multiple feed pipes 5 evenly distributed in the middle of the distillation column 2, multiple tray layers 19 and multiple packing layers 20 evenly distributed inside the distillation column 2, a multi-directional feed assembly 8 arranged on the outside of the distillation column 2, a water tank 3 arranged on the side of the distillation column 2 away from the feed pipes 5, a spray assembly 14 arranged on the top of the water tank 3, a reboiler 21 arranged at the bottom of the distillation column 2, and an outlet pipe 6 arranged on the top of the condenser 4.
[0034] The multi-directional feeding assembly 8 includes a fixed pipe 9. A second feed pipe 13 is installed on the side of the fixed pipe 9 near the distillation column 2. A manual valve 11 and a solenoid valve 12 are provided on the outside of the first feed pipe 5. A fixing block 10 is fixedly connected between the distillation column 2 and the fixed pipe 9.
[0035] By conducting a comprehensive analysis of the mixture of various solvents to be distilled, the operators clarify its composition, boiling point range, concentration ratio, and other characteristics. Based on the desired distillation effect, they determine the distillation requirements, such as product purity and yield. Multiple feed pipes 13 are connected to the fixed pipe 9, which in turn connects to the feed pipe 5 leading to the distillation column 2. This allows the operators to select the feed pipe 5 at a specific location in the middle of the distillation column 2, enabling the material to initiate a separation process in a specific area within the column. After determining the feed pipe 5, the operator first manually opens the manual valve 11 to roughly adjust the flow rate, and then precisely controls the flow rate through the solenoid valve 12 connected to the automatic control system. This method helps improve the versatility of the distillation unit. By setting up trays 19 and packing layers 20 in the distillation column 2, the rising steam generated by the reboiler 21 drives the gas and liquid phases to undergo multiple mass and heat transfers. The trays 19 promote full contact between the gas and liquid, achieving initial exchange between light and heavy components. The packing layers 20 further increase the gas-liquid contact area, enhancing the mass transfer effect. The synergistic effect of the two helps to improve the separation accuracy of mixed systems of multiple materials, allowing light components to be enriched more efficiently at the top of the column and heavy components to accumulate at the bottom of the column, thereby improving product purity.
[0036] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The spray assembly 14 includes a water pump 15, which is located in the middle of the water tank 3. The output end of the water pump 15 is fixedly connected to a delivery pipe 16. The inner wall of the distillation column 2 is provided with a spray pipe 17. Multiple spray heads 18 are evenly distributed on the side of the spray pipe 17 near the tray layer 19. The tray layer 19 is located on the top of the packing layer 20 and is also located directly below the spray heads 18.
[0037] By starting the water pump 15, the liquid in the water tank 3 is transported through the delivery pipe 16 to the spray pipe 17 on the inner wall of the distillation column 2. Multiple spray nozzles 18 are evenly distributed on the side of the spray pipe 17 near the tray 19. The spray nozzles 18 spray the liquid in a mist onto the tray 19. The spray liquid, on the one hand, lowers the local temperature inside the column, promotes the condensation of heavy components in the gas phase, and enhances the mass transfer between gas and liquid, thereby improving the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency; on the other hand, the spray liquid washes the tray 19, effectively preventing the accumulation of impurities, maintaining the stability of the distillation process, and ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the distillation process.
[0038] Reference Figures 1-2 Feed pipe 1 5 is fixedly connected to one end of feed pipe 2 13 near fixed pipe 9. The number of manual valve 11 and solenoid valve 12 is consistent with the number of feed pipe 1 5. Feed pipe 1 5 and feed pipe 2 13 are both assembled in the middle of fixed pipe 9.
[0039] The feed pipe 15 and feed pipe 2 13 are fixedly connected, and both are installed in the middle of the fixed pipe 9, providing multiple feed paths from the fixed pipe 9 to the distillation column 2. The number of manual valves 11 and solenoid valves 12 should be the same as the number of feed pipes 15, and installed at feed pipe 15. This allows the operator to make preliminary coarse adjustments to the flow rate using manual valves 11 according to the material characteristics and distillation requirements, and then precisely control the flow rate through solenoid valves 12 connected to the automatic control system. Different feed pipes 15 can be opened flexibly to control the path and flow rate of the material entering the distillation column 2, providing flexibility and precision for material feeding. Compared with the traditional single feeding method, it can accurately feed materials from different positions and at different flow rates according to different material characteristics, meeting the distillation requirements of various material mixture systems, effectively improving the adaptability and separation efficiency of the distillation process, helping to achieve more efficient separation and purification, and improving product quality.
[0040] Working principle: When the solvent high-efficiency distillation device is running, the mixture of various solvents to be distilled enters the distillation column 2 through the multi-directional feeding assembly 8. The operator selects the appropriate feed pipe 1 5 and feed pipe 2 13 according to the material characteristics and distillation requirements, and controls the entry of materials with the help of manual valve 11 and solenoid valve 12.
[0041] After the material enters the distillation column 2, the reboiler 21 starts working, heating the liquid at the bottom of the column to partially vaporize it and generate rising steam, providing continuous gas-phase power for the distillation process. Driven by the rising steam, the gas and liquid phases undergo mass and heat transfer multiple times in the tray 19 and packing layer 20 within the distillation column 2. In the tray 19, the gas and liquid phases are in full contact. The heavier components in the gas phase condense into the liquid phase upon cooling, while the lighter components in the liquid phase vaporize into the gas phase upon heating, achieving mass exchange and heat transfer between the gas and liquid. The packing layer 20 further increases the gas-liquid contact area, enhancing the mass transfer effect and allowing for more complete exchange of matter and heat between the gas and liquid. The steam at the top of the column enters the condenser 4 and is condensed into liquid. Part of it is collected as product from the outlet pipe 6 at the top of the condenser 4, while the other part flows back into the distillation column 2, maintaining the gas-liquid balance and stable operation within the distillation column 2.
[0042] By starting the water pump 15 in the water tank 3, the liquid in the water tank 3 is transported through the delivery pipe 16 to the spray pipe 17 on the inner wall of the distillation column 2. Multiple spray heads 18 evenly distributed on the side of the spray pipe 17 near the tray 19 will spray the spray liquid evenly on the tray 19 in the form of a mist. The spray liquid improves the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency and maintains the stability of the distillation process.
[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A solvent high-efficiency rectification device comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is equipped with a rectifying tower (2), the top of the rectifying tower (2) is equipped with a condenser (4), the bottom of the rectifying tower (2) is equipped with a blowdown pipe (7), the middle of the rectifying tower (2) is uniformly distributed with a plurality of feed pipes (5), the inside of the rectifying tower (2) is uniformly distributed with a plurality of tray layers (19) and a plurality of filler layers (20), the outside of the rectifying tower (2) is provided with a multi-directional feeding assembly (8), the side of the rectifying tower (2) away from the feed pipe (5) is provided with a water tank (3), the top of the water tank (3) is provided with a spraying assembly (14), the bottom of the rectifying tower (2) is provided with a reboiler (21), and the top of the condenser (4) is provided with an air outlet pipe (6). The multi-directional feeding assembly (8) comprises a fixed pipe (9), the side of the fixed pipe (9) close to the rectifying tower (2) is equipped with a feed pipe (13), and the outside of the feed pipe (5) is provided with a manual valve (11) and a solenoid valve (12).
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The spraying assembly (14) comprises a water pump (15), the water pump (15) is arranged in the middle of the water tank (3), and the output end of the water pump (15) is fixedly connected with a conveying pipe (16).
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The fixed pipe (9) is fixedly connected between the rectifying tower (2) and the fixed pipe (9).
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The feed pipe (5) is fixedly connected to one end of the feed pipe (13) close to the fixed pipe (9).
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The number of the manual valve (11) and the solenoid valve (12) is consistent with the number of the feed pipe (5).
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The feed pipe (5) and the feed pipe (13) are both arranged in the middle of the fixed pipe (9).
7. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The inner wall of the rectifying tower (2) is provided with a spraying pipe (17), and a plurality of spray heads (18) are uniformly distributed on the side of the spraying pipe (17) close to the tray layer (19).
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: The tray layer (19) is arranged on the top of the filler layer (20), and the tray layer (19) is also arranged directly below the spray head (18).