Heat storage and preservation composite fabric

Abstract

The utility model provides a thermal storage thermal insulation composite fabric which comprises an electrostatic spinning composite fiber layer and a windproof and moisture permeable layer, the electrostatic spinning composite fiber layer comprises a thermal insulation hydrophobic film used for being attached to human skin and a hydrophilic film arranged between the thermal insulation hydrophobic film and the windproof and moisture permeable layer, a plurality of perspiration through holes are evenly distributed in the thermal insulation hydrophobic film, and the hydrophilic film is arranged between the thermal insulation hydrophobic film and the windproof and moisture permeable layer. A plurality of sweat-absorbing through holes are evenly distributed in the hydrophilic film, the hole diameter of the sweat-absorbing through holes is larger than that of the sweat-discharging through holes, the sweat-absorbing through holes and the sweat-discharging through holes are at least partially overlapped, and the porosity of the hydrophilic film is larger than that of the heat-preservation hydrophobic film so that a directional moisture guiding channel can be formed, and a hydrophilic anti-static layer is arranged on the side, close to the windproof and moisture-permeable layer, of the hydrophilic film. By the adoption of the structure, the electrostatic spinning composite fiber layer achieves one-way moisture conduction through the stepped hole design, meanwhile, the heat preservation hydrophobic film is of a submicron porous structure, air flowing can be effectively limited, and therefore heat loss is reduced, the heat preservation effect is achieved, and the moisture conduction effect can be achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of textile fabric, concretely is a heat storage and heat preservation composite fabric. BACKGROUND

[0002] The windproof and moisture-permeable fabric available on the market at present mainly realizes the waterproof and breathable function through a microporous membrane, such as an ePTFE membrane. The ePTFE material allows water vapor molecules to pass through while ensuring waterproofness due to its unique microporous structure, thereby effectively expelling human body sweat and keeping the wearer dry and comfortable. However, relying solely on the ePTFE membrane cannot completely solve the problem of warmth retention, especially in a low-temperature environment, heat is easily lost through conduction, convection and other ways, causing the wearer to feel cold and uncomfortable.

[0003] In order to improve the warmth retention effect, some products attempt to add one or more inner linings on the basis of using the ePTFE windproof and moisture-permeable membrane on the outer layer to enhance the warmth retention performance. The current market's jackets generally use a structure of sweat-wicking layer, warmth retention layer and waterproof and breathable layer for warmth retention. However, in this case, the warmth retention layer is in the middle layer and cannot effectively retain heat. If the warmth retention layer is directly arranged in the inner layer, the warmth retention layer will cause the sweat to be retained due to excessive absorption of sweat, which will accelerate the loss of heat in the case of sweat evaporation and heat absorption. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the existing technical problems, the utility model provides a heat storage and heat preservation composite fabric, which directly retains heat through the heat retention and water repellent membrane fitted to the human body, and absorbs sweat through sweat absorption holes and sweat discharge holes to avoid sweat retention and accelerate heat loss.

[0005] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

[0006] A heat storage and heat preservation composite fabric, comprising an electrospun composite fiber layer and a windproof and moisture-permeable layer, the electrospun composite fiber layer comprises a heat retention and water repellent membrane for fitting to human skin and a hydrophilic membrane arranged between the heat retention and water repellent membrane and the windproof and moisture-permeable layer, the heat retention and water repellent membrane is uniformly provided with a plurality of sweat discharge holes, the hydrophilic membrane is uniformly provided with a plurality of sweat absorption holes, the pore diameter of the sweat absorption holes is greater than the pore diameter of the sweat discharge holes, the sweat absorption holes and the sweat discharge holes at least partially overlap, and the porosity of the hydrophilic membrane is greater than the porosity of the heat retention and water repellent membrane to form a directional wetness guiding channel, and the hydrophilic membrane is provided with a hydrophilic anti-static layer on the side close to the windproof and moisture-permeable layer.

[0007] As a further improvement of the utility model, an aerogel layer corresponding to the position of the human chest and scapula is arranged between the hydrophilic membrane and the windproof and moisture-permeable layer.

[0008] As a further improvement of the utility model, the sweat absorption holes and the sweat discharge holes correspond one by one.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the windproof and moisture-permeable layer has a plurality of moisture-permeable through-holes with a pore size less than 3 microns.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the hydrophilic anti-static layer is integrally arranged with the hydrophilic film.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the sweat-removing through-holes have a pore size ranging from 0.1 to 1 micron, and the thermal insulation and water-repellent film has a porosity ranging from 78% to 85%.

[0012] The present application has the following beneficial effects: the thermal insulation and water-repellent film and the hydrophilic film composite structure are designed with stepped holes to form a capillary force gradient from small holes to large holes; the low porosity of the thermal insulation and water-repellent film pushes water to the hydrophilic film through capillary force, and the high porosity of the hydrophilic film quickly absorbs sweat to realize one-way moisture conduction; when the human body sweats, the skin and the surface of the hydrophilic film are relatively high in humidity, while the external environment is usually dry, which forms a pressure gradient that promotes the diffusion and evaporation of sweat from the high-humidity area to the low-humidity area, so that the sweat moves from the thermal insulation and water-repellent film to the hydrophilic film, and then from the hydrophilic film to the windproof and moisture-permeable layer, thereby enhancing the moisture conduction effect; at the same time, the thermal insulation and water-repellent film with a pore size less than 1 micron belongs to a sub-micron porous structure, which can effectively limit air flow and significantly reduce heat convection, thereby reducing heat loss, not only achieving the effect of thermal insulation, but also having the effect of moisture conduction.

[0013] 2. The outer layer is made of a windproof and moisture-permeable fabric, such as the ePTFE film preferred by the present application, which can make the moisture-permeable through-holes have a diameter less than that of a water droplet but greater than that of a water vapor molecule in a two-way stretching process, so as to not only block the penetration of cold wind, but also allow the efficient discharge of sweat vapor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description, and obviously, other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0015] Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the present application;

[0016] Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal fiber layer structure of the fabric of the present application.

[0017] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] 1 - electrospun composite fiber layer, 11 - thermal insulation and water-repellent film, 111 - sweat-removing through-hole, 12 - hydrophilic film, 121 - sweat-absorbing through-hole, 2 - windproof and moisture-permeable layer, 21 - moisture-permeable through-hole, 3 - aerogel layer, 4 - hydrophilic anti-static layer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate this embodiment, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product.

[0020] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings. The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Reference Figs. 1-2 A heat-storing and heat-insulating composite fabric includes an electrospun composite fiber layer 1 and a windproof and moisture-wicking layer 2. The electrospun composite fiber layer 1 includes a heat-insulating hydrophobic membrane 11 for adhering to human skin and a hydrophilic membrane 12 disposed between the heat-insulating hydrophobic membrane 11 and the windproof and moisture-wicking layer 2. The heat-insulating hydrophobic membrane 11 is evenly distributed with a plurality of perspiration wicking holes 111, and the hydrophilic membrane 12 is evenly distributed with a plurality of perspiration absorbing holes 121. The pore diameter of the perspiration absorbing holes 121 is larger than that of the perspiration wicking holes 111. The perspiration absorbing holes 121 and the perspiration wicking holes 111 at least partially overlap, and the porosity of the hydrophilic membrane 12 is greater than that of the heat-insulating hydrophobic membrane 11 to form a directional moisture-wicking channel. The hydrophilic membrane 12 is provided with a hydrophilic antistatic layer 4 on the side near the windproof and moisture-wicking layer 2.

[0022] As a preferred option, the hydrophilic antistatic layer 4 uses an antistatic agent containing PEG, which can promote moisture permeability through an adsorption-diffusion mechanism.

[0023] The composite structure of the thermally insulating hydrophobic membrane 11 and the hydrophilic membrane 12, through a stepped pore design, forms a capillary gradient from small pores to large pores. The low porosity of the thermally insulating hydrophobic membrane 11 pushes moisture to the hydrophilic membrane 12 through capillary force, while the high porosity of the hydrophilic membrane 12 quickly adsorbs sweat, achieving one-way moisture wicking. Furthermore, when the human body sweats, the humidity of the skin and the surface of the hydrophilic membrane 12 is relatively high, while the external environment is usually relatively dry. This creates a pressure gradient that promotes the diffusion and evaporation of sweat from the high humidity area to the low humidity area. This causes sweat to move from the thermally insulating hydrophobic membrane 11 to the hydrophilic membrane 12, and then from the hydrophilic membrane 12 to the windproof and breathable layer 2, enhancing the moisture wicking effect and forming a one-way moisture wicking path from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, reducing the damp and cold effect caused by sweat residue. Meanwhile, the thermal insulation and hydrophobic membrane with a pore size of less than 1 micrometer belongs to the submicron-level porous structure, which can effectively restrict airflow and significantly reduce heat convection, thereby reducing heat loss. It not only achieves thermal insulation but also provides moisture wicking, demonstrating a significant thermal insulation effect compared to existing technologies where the inner layer wicks moisture while the middle layer insulates. The moisture wicking rate of this type of structure can reach 0.3-0.5 mL / (cm²). 2 It has a moisture content of 2-3 times higher than traditional single-layer hydrophilic fabrics, and reduces the skin surface moisture retention rate by more than 40%.

[0024] As a preferred scheme, the pore diameter of the sweat absorption through hole 121 is larger than that of the sweat discharge through hole 111, and the overall porosity is 70-85%, so as to ensure the channel through property and balance the strength of heat preservation and the flux of sweat.

[0025] As a further improvement of the utility model, the hydrophilic film 12 and the windproof and moisture-permeable layer 2 are provided with an aerogel layer 3 corresponding to the position of the human body's front chest and scapula. The setting of the aerogel layer 3 can further improve the heat preservation effect, but in order to avoid the sweat discharged by the hydrophilic film 12 from being blocked on the aerogel layer 3, the aerogel layer 3 is only set in the position corresponding to the human body's several areas with less sweat and core body temperature maintenance area, for example, the position of the front chest and the back scapula is the core body temperature maintenance area of the human body, and in daily activities, the heat loss of the two core areas accounts for more than 30%, but the amount of sweat is only 10%-15% of the whole body, so the aerogel layer 3 can be set in the position corresponding to the two areas.

[0026] As a further improvement of the utility model, the sweat absorption through hole 121 corresponds to the sweat discharge through hole 111. When corresponding, the efficiency of the stepped hole liquid absorption can be maximized. The process of one-to-one correspondence between the sweat absorption through hole 121 and the sweat discharge through hole 111 is as follows: a hard template with regular micropores is prepared by photolithography, 3D printing or laser engraving. The template is placed on the receiver to spin the hydrophobic material. During the electrospinning process, the fiber moves to the receiving device under the action of the electric field, and the surface topography of the receiver changes the local electric field distribution, causing the fiber to preferentially deposit in the area with a strong electric field, i.e. the convex part. Finally, a hole structure consistent with the template is formed in the concave position. Subsequently, the template is replaced or the template angle is rotated, and the hydrophilic material is spun in the same area. By adjusting the spinning parameters to enlarge the pore size, the positions of the sweat absorption through hole 121 and the sweat discharge through hole 111 correspond.

[0027] As a further improvement of the utility model, the windproof and moisture-permeable layer 2 has a plurality of moisture-permeable through holes 21 with a pore diameter less than 3 microns.

[0028] As a further improvement of the utility model, the hydrophilic and anti-static layer 4 is integrally arranged with the hydrophilic film 12. Specifically, seamless bonding technology can be used for integrated composite, or an antistatic agent can be directly mixed with the fiber solution of the hydrophilic film 12 to make an antistatic hydrophilic film, reducing static electricity generated by friction and preventing the wearer from being disturbed by static electricity in a dry environment. At the same time, the anti-static layer also has good wear resistance and durability, ensuring the service life of the fabric.

[0029] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the thermal insulation and water repellent membrane 11 is composed of silicon modified polyester nanofiber mixed with hollow silica. Hollow silica or titanium dioxide is introduced into the silicon modified polyester nanofiber, and a porous network is formed by electrospinning, with a porosity of 40-70% and a significant increase in air retention. The diameter of the polyester electrospun fiber is usually 200-800 nm, and the membrane pore size is 0.5-10 μm. Silicon modification improves hydrophobicity, but does not significantly change the pore size.

[0030] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the hydrophilic membrane 12 is composed of cellulose solution mixed with ZSM-5 molecular sieve. The diameter of the cellulose electrospun fiber is usually 100-500 nm, and the pore size is mainly between 0.1-3 μm. High concentration cellulose solution, such as 8-12 wt%, has high viscosity and large fiber diameter, resulting in a larger pore size; low concentration results in thinner fibers and smaller pore size.

[0031] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the windproof and moisture permeable layer 2 is formed by a two-way stretching process of ePTFE membrane. The outer layer is a windproof and moisture permeable ePTFE membrane with a pore diameter of 0.1-1 μm, which is smaller than the water droplet 100 μm but larger than the water vapor molecule 0.0004 μm, with a windproof property > 0.5 m 3 / (m 2 ·s) that can block cold wind penetration and allow efficient sweat vapor discharge, with a moisture permeability > 8000 g / (m 2 ·24h).

[0032] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the aerogel layer 3 is made of silica aerogel powder mixed with polyurethane adhesive.

[0033] As a further improvement of the present application, the sweat discharge through hole 111 has a pore size of 0.1-1 μm, and the porosity of the thermal insulation and water repellent membrane 11 is 78%-85%. When the pore size is < 1 μm, the material's convective heat transfer coefficient can be reduced to 0.5-1 W / (m 2 ·K).

[0034] For each layer connection process, the preferred scheme of the utility model is that the silicon modified polyester solution with concentration of 8% is mixed with hollow silica with mass ratio of 5%, the electrostatic spinning machine is used to spin under voltage of 20kV and receiving distance of 15cm, the nanofiber membrane with pore size of 0.1-0.5μm is formed, then the gas phase deposition furnace is used to carry out HMDS gas phase deposition at 120℃ for 30min, the contact angle is increased to 160°. Similarly, the hydrophilic membrane 12 is spun by mixing the cellulose solution with ZSM-5 molecular sieve under voltage of 15kV, the hydrophilic fiber layer with pore size below 1μm is formed, the oxygen plasma treatment is carried out by using the plasma treatment machine, the power is 30W, the time is 3min, the acrylic acid monomer is grafted, the contact angle is reduced to 5°. The surface of the hydrophilic membrane 12 is activated by oxygen plasma with power of 30W for 3min, the interface bonding force is enhanced, then the aerogel spraying equipment is used for spraying, the aerogel mixed solution is sprayed under voltage of 15kV and spraying distance of 20cm, the thickness is 0.5-1mm, the porosity is >99%. After the PTFE resin is pre-sintered, the longitudinal stretching ratio is 10:1, the transverse stretching ratio is 5:1, and the temperature is 320℃. Finally, the fluorocarbon adhesive is sprayed on the surface, and the combination is carried out by the double-roller hot pressing compound machine.

[0035] In the utility model, unless another definite provision and limitation, the terms "mount", "link", "connect", "fix" and the like terms should be broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or integrated;Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection;Can be directly connected, also can be indirectly connected through intermediate medium, can be the communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific meaning of the specific circumstances.

[0036] Obviously, the above embodiment of the utility model is merely for clearly illustrating the utility model and is not the limitation to the implementation mode of the utility model. For ordinary skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made on the basis of the above description. Here, all the implementation modes need not and can not be exhausted. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement, etc. made in the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model claims.

Claims

1. A heat-storing and heat-insulating composite fabric, characterized in that, The application relates to a composite fiber layer (1) and a windproof and moisture-permeable layer (2), the composite fiber layer (1) comprising a heat-retaining and hydrophobic film (11) for adhering to human skin and a hydrophilic film (12) arranged between the heat-retaining and hydrophobic film (11) and the windproof and moisture-permeable layer (2), the heat-retaining and hydrophobic film (11) being uniformly provided with a plurality of sweat-removing through holes (111), the hydrophilic film (12) being uniformly provided with a plurality of sweat-absorbing through holes (121), the sweat-absorbing through holes (121) being larger than the sweat-removing through holes (111) in diameter, the sweat-absorbing through holes (121) at least partially overlapping the sweat-removing through holes (111) and the porosity of the hydrophilic film (12) being larger than that of the heat-retaining and hydrophobic film (11) to form a directional wetness-guiding channel, and the hydrophilic film (12) being provided with a hydrophilic anti-static layer (4) on a side close to the windproof and moisture-permeable layer (2).

2. The heat-accumulating and heat-preserving composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, An aerogel layer (3) corresponding to the position of the human chest and scapula is arranged between the hydrophilic film (12) and the windproof and moisture-permeable layer (2).

3. The heat-accumulating and heat-preserving composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sweat-absorbing through holes (121) correspond to the sweat-removing through holes (111) one by one.

4. The heat-accumulating and heat-preserving composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The windproof and moisture-permeable layer (2) is provided with a plurality of moisture-permeable through holes (21) with a diameter less than 3 microns.

5. The heat-accumulating and heat-preserving composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrophilic anti-static layer (4) is integrally arranged with the hydrophilic film (12).

6. The heat-accumulating thermal-insulating composite fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the sweat-removing through holes (111) ranges from 0.1 to 1 microns, and the porosity of the heat-retaining and hydrophobic film (11) ranges from 78% to 85%.

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