Bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for excavator

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of part spraying, and discloses a bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for an excavator, which comprises a buffer cylinder, a piston rod is slidably connected in the buffer cylinder, a pressure piston is fixedly connected to the right side of the piston rod, and an adjusting mechanism is rotatably connected to the outside of the buffer cylinder; a limiting buffering mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer portion of the buffering cylinder, two sealing connectors are fixedly connected to the interior of the buffering cylinder, and flow guide pipes are fixedly connected to the interiors of the sealing connectors. When the device is used for buffering, the excavator provides power for the connecting mounting block, the connecting mounting block provides power for the piston rod, then the piston rod pushes the pressure piston to slide in the buffering cylinder, and the buffering function is provided by pressurizing liquid in the buffering cylinder. When the sliding shaft slides to be in contact with the buffering shaft, the buffering shaft absorbs impact force generated by movement of the sliding shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of parts spraying technology, and in particular to a bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for excavators. Background Technology

[0002] The main purpose of using shock absorbers on excavators is to reduce and control the speed and impact of the working machinery, protect the mechanical structure, extend its service life, and improve operational stability. Shock absorbers can reduce vibrations and impacts caused by sudden stops or violent collisions during operation, minimizing damage to the hydraulic system and mechanical structure. The difference between a two-way hydraulic shock absorber and a regular shock absorber is that a two-way hydraulic shock absorber provides cushioning in both directions, suitable for applications requiring bidirectional motion control, such as the up-and-down or back-and-forth movement of the excavator's boom and bucket; while a regular shock absorber typically only provides cushioning in one direction, suitable for unidirectional impacts. Two-way hydraulic shock absorbers offer more precise control and higher work efficiency, especially in the complex operating environment of excavators, better preventing damage to the machine from excessive impact forces.

[0003] The working principle of a two-way hydraulic buffer device is to generate a buffering effect in two directions through a hydraulic system, thereby effectively reducing the impact and vibration generated when mechanical parts move. This device typically includes a hydraulic cylinder and two independent buffer chambers, each containing hydraulic oil and a control valve. When the mechanical part moves in one direction, the hydraulic oil flows through a specific valve system, and energy is slowly released through pressure regulation, slowing the part's speed and eventually bringing it to a smooth stop. In the other direction, the system changes the flow path of the hydraulic oil as needed to ensure that movement in the opposite direction is also effectively buffered. The characteristic of a two-way hydraulic buffer device is its ability to precisely control the shock absorption effect in both directions, avoiding excessive impact forces that could cause mechanical damage, and improving the stability and service life of the equipment.

[0004] In existing technologies, some excavators use bidirectional hydraulic buffer devices that lack an effective adjustment mechanism. This means the device cannot be adjusted in real time according to different working environments and workloads, resulting in unsatisfactory buffering effects under certain operating conditions. Since the workload and load of an excavator vary with changing operating conditions (such as digging, lifting, and rotating operations), if the response speed and buffering force of the buffer device cannot be dynamically adjusted, the following problems arise: under lighter loads, the buffering effect is too strong, leading to reduced efficiency; while under heavier loads, the buffering is insufficient, causing mechanical vibration and impact, which can damage the equipment. Therefore, bidirectional hydraulic buffer devices lacking adjustment functions cannot effectively cope with different working scenarios and load requirements. This paper proposes a bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for excavators to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for excavators, aiming to improve the problem that some existing bidirectional hydraulic buffer devices for excavators lack a buffer adjustment mechanism, making it difficult for them to adapt to different working intensities of excavators.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for excavators, comprising a buffer cylinder, a piston rod slidably connected inside the buffer cylinder, a pressure piston fixedly connected to the right side of the piston rod, and an adjusting mechanism rotatably connected to the outside of the buffer cylinder; a limit buffer mechanism fixedly connected to the outside of the buffer cylinder, and two sealing interfaces fixedly connected inside the buffer cylinder, with guide pipes fixedly connected inside the sealing interfaces, and both ends of the guide pipes fixedly connected inside the buffer cylinder;

[0007] The adjustment mechanism includes a control shaft, a speed adjustment shaft is fixedly connected to the left side of the control shaft, the speed adjustment shaft has three through holes of different sizes inside, the control shaft has a connecting groove inside, and a connecting block is provided outside the buffer cylinder, the connecting block being rotatably connected in the connecting groove.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the limiting buffer mechanism includes a mounting shaft, the inside of which is fixedly connected to the outside of the piston rod, four guide shafts are fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting shaft, and sliding shafts are fixedly connected to the outside of the four guide shafts. The sliding shafts are slidably connected to the outside of the buffer cylinder, and auxiliary buffer components are fixedly connected to the outside of the four guide shafts.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: both ends of the buffer cylinder are provided with release ports, the sealing interface is fixedly connected to the inside of the release port, the guide tube is a U-shaped tubular structure, and both ends of the guide tube are fixedly connected to the inside of the release port;

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the auxiliary buffer mechanism includes a fixed shaft, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the buffer cylinder. A buffer shaft is fixedly connected to the left side of the fixed shaft. Placement grooves are provided inside the buffer shaft, the sliding shaft, and the fixed shaft. The guide tube is slidably connected in the placement groove.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the left side of the piston rod is threadedly connected to a connecting mounting block, the left side of the connecting mounting block is an annular block, the interior of the connecting mounting block is provided with a mounting groove, and the left exterior of the piston rod is provided with a thread, the thread being coupled to the interior of the connecting mounting block.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the control shaft is rotatably connected to a mounting base, the mounting base is a U-shaped block, the mounting base has a limit hole inside, the mounting base has a limit block outside, the control shaft has a rotation groove inside, and the limit block is rotatably connected in the rotation groove;

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the pressure piston has two placement grooves on its outside, and a sealing ring is fixedly connected inside the two placement grooves. The sealing ring is in contact with the inner wall of the buffer cylinder.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: an anti-collision block is fixedly connected to the outside of the piston rod, the left side of the anti-collision block is fixedly connected to the right side of the connecting mounting block, and the right side of the anti-collision block is in contact with the left side of the buffer cylinder.

[0015] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. In this utility model, when the device is buffering, the excavator provides power to the connecting mounting block, which in turn provides power to the piston rod. The piston rod then pushes the pressure piston to slide inside the buffer cylinder, providing a buffering function by pressurizing the liquid inside the buffer cylinder. During this process, the mounting shaft fixed outside the piston rod is guided by four guide shafts fixed inside the mounting shaft to ensure the accuracy of the movement direction during buffering. The sliding shaft fixed outside the guide shaft and the buffer shaft cooperate with each other. When the sliding shaft slides to contact the buffer shaft, the buffer shaft absorbs the impact force generated by the movement of the sliding shaft, thereby providing additional buffering effect and ensuring the stability of the device.

[0017] 2. In this utility model, the control shaft can be rotated to drive the speed adjustment shaft to rotate, so that the through holes of different sizes opened inside the speed adjustment shaft correspond to the release ports opened inside the buffer cylinder, thereby achieving the function of adjusting the pressure release rate. This allows the device to adapt to different working intensities of the excavator, thus ensuring the practicality of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for excavators proposed in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing ring structure of a bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for excavators proposed in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base for a bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for excavators proposed in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the speed adjustment shaft of a bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for excavators proposed in this utility model.

[0022] Legend:

[0023] 1. Buffer cylinder; 2. Fixed shaft; 3. Buffer shaft; 4. Sliding shaft; 5. Guide shaft; 6. Mounting shaft; 7. Anti-collision block; 8. Piston rod; 9. Connecting mounting block; 10. Pressure piston; 11. Sealing ring; 12. Sealing interface; 13. Guide tube; 14. Rate adjustment shaft; 15. Control shaft; 16. Mounting seat. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4This utility model provides an embodiment of a bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for excavators, comprising a buffer cylinder 1. The buffer cylinder 1 is the core component of the entire hydraulic buffer device, and its main function is to accommodate and support internal hydraulic components, such as a piston rod 8, a pressure piston 10, and a guide pipe 13. The piston rod 8 is slidably connected inside the buffer cylinder 1, and slides inside the buffer cylinder 1, connecting with the pressure piston 10 to transmit hydraulic power for buffering. The pressure piston 10 is fixedly connected to the right side of the piston rod 8, and is used to adjust the reaction speed of the buffer device according to the hydraulic oil tank pressure. An adjustment mechanism is rotatably connected to the outside of the buffer cylinder 1; the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the performance of the buffer system according to operational needs, especially to control the buffering rate and force. A limit buffer mechanism is fixedly connected to the outside of the buffer cylinder 1, and the limit buffer mechanism is used to limit the range of motion of the piston rod 8. The system enhances its buffering effect through auxiliary buffer components to ensure stable operation. The pressure piston 10 has two placement grooves on its exterior, and a sealing ring 11 is fixedly connected inside the two placement grooves. The sealing ring 11 fits against the inner wall of the buffer cylinder 1. The buffer cylinder 1 has two sealing interfaces 12 fixedly connected inside. The sealing ring 11 and sealing interfaces 12 are mainly used to seal the hydraulic system, prevent hydraulic oil leakage, and maintain stable hydraulic oil pressure. A guide pipe 13 is fixedly connected inside the sealing interface 12. The guide pipe 13 is used to guide the flow of hydraulic oil and control the distribution and flow path of hydraulic oil in the buffer cylinder 1 to ensure the smooth operation of the buffer system. Both ends of the guide pipe 13 are fixedly connected inside the buffer cylinder 1. Both ends of the buffer cylinder 1 have release ports. The sealing interface 12 is fixedly connected inside the release ports. The guide pipe 13 has a U-shaped tubular structure, and both ends of the guide pipe 13 are fixedly connected inside the release ports.

[0026] The adjustment mechanism includes a control shaft 15, a speed adjustment shaft 14 is fixedly connected to the left side of the control shaft 15, the speed adjustment shaft 14 has three through holes of different sizes inside, the control shaft 15 has a connecting groove inside, and a connecting block is provided outside the buffer cylinder 1, the connecting block is rotatably connected in the connecting groove.

[0027] A crash block 7 is fixedly connected to the outside of the piston rod 8. The crash block 7 is located outside the piston rod 8 and serves to protect the connecting mounting block 9 from damage under high impact force. The left side of the crash block 7 is fixedly connected to the right side of the connecting mounting block 9, and the right side of the crash block 7 is in contact with the left side of the buffer cylinder 1.

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 3The limiting buffer mechanism includes a mounting shaft 6, which is internally fixedly connected to the outside of the piston rod 8. Four guide shafts 5 are fixedly connected internally to the mounting shaft 6. Sliding shafts 4 are fixedly connected externally to the four guide shafts 5. Sliding shafts 4 are slidably connected to the outside of the buffer cylinder 1. Auxiliary buffer components are fixedly connected externally to the four guide shafts 5. The auxiliary buffer components are located in the limiting buffer mechanism and are mainly used to enhance the buffering effect, especially when the buffer system is subjected to a large external force.

[0029] The auxiliary buffer mechanism includes a fixed shaft 2, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the buffer cylinder 1. A buffer shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the left side of the fixed shaft 2. Placement slots are provided inside the buffer shaft 3, the sliding shaft 4, and the fixed shaft 2. The guide pipe 13 is slidably connected in the placement slot.

[0030] A connecting mounting block 9 is threaded to the left side of the piston rod 8. The connecting mounting block 9 is used to connect the anti-collision block 7 to the piston rod 8 and provide stable support. The left side of the connecting mounting block 9 is an annular block. The connecting mounting block 9 has an internal mounting groove. The left side of the piston rod 8 has a thread. The thread is coupled to the internal part of the connecting mounting block 9. The control shaft 15 is rotatably connected to a mounting seat 16. The mounting seat 16 is used to support the control shaft 15 and provides a limit function to ensure that the buffer system does not rotate excessively or misoperate during operation. The mounting seat 16 is a U-shaped block. The mounting seat 16 has a limit hole inside and a limit block outside. The control shaft 15 has a rotation groove inside, and the limit block is rotatably connected in the rotation groove.

[0031] Working principle: The buffer device is connected to the excavator through the connecting mounting block 9 and the mounting base 16. The connecting mounting block 9 and the mounting base 16 provide pre-adjustment for the connection through the U-shaped design. Before the excavator starts working, the control shaft 15 can be rotated, which drives the speed adjustment shaft 14. The different sized through holes opened inside the speed adjustment shaft 14 correspond to the release port opened inside the buffer cylinder 1, thereby achieving the function of adjusting the pressure release rate to adapt to different working intensities of the excavator.

[0032] When the buffer device is in operation, the excavator transmits the impact force to the piston rod 8 through the connecting mounting block 9. Under the push of the impact force, the piston rod 8 drives the pressure piston 10 to slide inside the buffer cylinder 1. During this process, the sealing ring 11 outside the pressure piston 10 provides a seal during the sliding of the pressure piston 10, thereby increasing the pressure of the liquid inside the buffer cylinder 1 while the pressure piston 10 is sliding, thus achieving the buffering effect. As the liquid pressure increases, the liquid flows through the release port opened inside the buffer cylinder 1 to the guide pipe 13 fixed inside the release port through the sealing interface 12. Under the guidance of the guide pipe 13, the liquid flows back into the interior of the buffer cylinder 1 and to the left side of the pressure piston 10, thus achieving the function of bidirectional buffering.

[0033] When the buffer device is buffering, the mounting shaft 6 fixed to the outside of the piston rod 8 slides with the piston rod 8. When the mounting shaft 6 slides, it pushes the four guide shafts 5 fixed inside the mounting shaft 6 to slide with the mounting shaft 6. At the same time, the sliding shaft 4 slidably connected to the outside of the guide shaft 5 restricts the sliding direction and angle of the guide shaft 5, thereby achieving the function of limiting the sliding angle of the piston rod 8, thus avoiding damage to the device due to the sliding angle. When the sliding shaft 4 approaches the top, the buffer shaft 3 fixed to the outside of the buffer cylinder 1 absorbs the impact force generated by the sliding of the sliding shaft 4, thus providing additional buffering effect for the buffer device.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for a shovel, comprising a buffer cylinder (1), characterized by: The inside of the buffer cylinder (1) is slidably connected with a piston rod (8), the right side of the piston rod (8) is fixedly connected with a pressure piston (10), the outside of the buffer cylinder (1) is rotatably connected with an adjusting mechanism; the outside of the buffer cylinder (1) is fixedly connected with a limiting buffer mechanism, the inside of the buffer cylinder (1) is fixedly connected with two sealing interfaces (12), the inside of the sealing interface (12) is fixedly connected with a flow guide pipe (13), both ends of the flow guide pipe (13) are fixedly connected in the inside of the buffer cylinder (1); The adjusting mechanism comprises a control shaft (15), the left side of the control shaft (15) is fixedly connected with a rate adjusting shaft (14), the inside of the rate adjusting shaft (14) is provided with three through holes of different sizes, the inside of the control shaft (15) is provided with a connecting groove, the outside of the buffer cylinder (1) is provided with a connecting block, and the connecting block is rotatably connected in the connecting groove.

2. The bidirectional hydraulic buffer device for excavators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting buffer mechanism comprises a mounting shaft (6), the inside of the mounting shaft (6) is fixedly connected with the outside of the piston rod (8), the inside of the mounting shaft (6) is fixedly connected with four guide shafts (5), the outside of the four guide shafts (5) is fixedly connected with a sliding shaft (4), the sliding shaft (4) is slidably connected with the outside of the buffer cylinder (1), and the outside of the four guide shafts (5) is fixedly connected with an auxiliary buffer assembly.

3. The bidirectional hydraulic damper device for excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the inside of the buffer cylinder (1) are provided with release openings, the sealing interface (12) is fixedly connected in the inside of the release opening, the flow guide pipe (13) is a concave-shaped tubular structure, and both ends of the flow guide pipe (13) are fixedly connected in the inside of the release opening.

4. The bidirectional hydraulic damper device for excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary buffer mechanism comprises a fixed shaft (2), the fixed shaft (2) is fixedly connected with the outside of the buffer cylinder (1), the left side of the fixed shaft (2) is fixedly connected with a buffer shaft (3), the inside of the buffer shaft (3), the sliding shaft (4) and the fixed shaft (2) are all provided with a placing groove, and the flow guide pipe (13) is slidably connected in the placing groove.

5. The bidirectional hydraulic damper device for excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side of the piston rod (8) is threadedly connected with a connecting mounting block (9), the left side of the connecting mounting block (9) is a circular ring block, the inside of the connecting mounting block (9) is provided with a mounting groove, the left side of the outside of the piston rod (8) is provided with a thread, and the thread is coupled with the inside of the connecting mounting block (9).

6. The bidirectional hydraulic damper device for excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the control shaft (15) is rotatably connected with a mounting seat (16), the mounting seat (16) is a concave-shaped block, the inside of the mounting seat (16) is provided with a limiting hole, the outside of the mounting seat (16) is provided with a limiting block, the inside of the control shaft (15) is provided with a rotating groove, and the limiting block is rotatably connected in the rotating groove.

7. The bidirectional hydraulic damper device for excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outside of the pressure piston (10) is provided with two placing grooves, the inside of the two placing grooves is fixedly connected with a sealing ring (11), and the sealing ring (11) is attached to the inner wall of the buffer cylinder (1).

8. The bidirectional hydraulic damper device for excavator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer part of the piston rod (8) is fixedly connected with an anti-collision block (7), the left side of the anti-collision block (7) is fixedly connected with the right side of the connecting mounting block (9), and the right side of the anti-collision block (7) is in contact with the left side of the buffer cylinder (1).

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