Pull-type automatic soil screening machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a traction type automatic soil screening machine which comprises a main frame body, a traction frame arranged above the front end of the main frame body, a gearbox arranged below the traction frame, and a soil shoveling mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a screening mechanism and a waste hopper which are sequentially connected and arranged below the main frame body from front to back, the power output end of the gearbox is in transmission connection with the power input end of the conveying mechanism, and the power output end of the conveying mechanism is in transmission connection with the power input end of the screening mechanism. The soil shoveling mechanism comprises a soil shoveling knife, the soil shoveling knife and the conveying mechanism are obliquely arranged, the two ends of the soil shoveling knife and the two ends of the conveying mechanism are connected with the left side and the right side of the main frame body respectively, the feeding end of the conveying mechanism is located below the discharging end of the soil shoveling knife, and the discharging end of the conveying mechanism is higher than the feeding end and located above the feeding end of the screening mechanism. The screening mechanism comprises a screen body, the two sides of the screen body are hinged to the left side and the right side of the main frame body through swing rods respectively, and the screen body has the swing freedom degree relative to the main frame body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and relates to a soil screening machine, especially a traction-type automatic soil screening machine. Background Technology

[0002] Before some agricultural planting and forestry seedling cultivation work can be carried out, the land needs to be prepared and beds made, and the soil needs to be shaped into ridges or beds. Before making beds, soil screening devices are often used to break up and sieve the soil to remove stones, grass roots and other waste mixed in with the soil. However, some of the soil screening devices on the market are roller type, which can only be set up on flat sites and operate using three-phase electricity. If roller type is used, a loader is needed to transport the soil from the field to the roller machine, break up the soil and then transport it to the field for bed making. This method not only cannot remove stones, grass roots and other mixed in the soil, but also does not meet the actual working conditions of field planting. Some other mobile soil screening machines can move in the field, but they cannot make beds while screening soil, which cannot fundamentally solve the needs of nursery seedling cultivation. Moreover, most of the soil screening machines require electric power to move, and small-scale nursery planting fields often do not have dedicated power lines, which makes charging inconvenient and cannot guarantee the continuous use of the soil screening machine. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a traction-type automatic soil screening machine to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, such as the need for electricity, the inability to remove impurities such as stones and grass roots from the screened soil, and the inability to make a bed while screening soil.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A traction-type automatic soil screening machine includes a main frame, a traction frame disposed above the front end of the main frame, a gearbox disposed below the traction frame, and a soil shoveling mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a screening mechanism, and a waste hopper sequentially connected from front to back below the main frame. The power input end of the gearbox is driven to the power output end of the front traction head, the power output end is driven to the power input end of the conveying mechanism, and the power output end of the conveying mechanism is driven to the power input end of the screening mechanism.

[0006] The soil-shoveling mechanism includes a soil-shoveling blade. The soil-shoveling blade and the conveying mechanism are respectively inclined and connected to the left and right sides of the main frame at both ends. The feeding end of the conveying mechanism is located below the discharge end of the soil-shoveling blade, and the discharge end of the conveying mechanism is higher than the feeding end and located above the feeding end of the screening mechanism.

[0007] The sieving mechanism includes a sieve body, the two sides of which are respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the main frame via swing rods, and have the freedom to swing relative to the main frame.

[0008] The waste hopper is located at the rear end of the main frame, with the feeding end below the discharge end of the screen.

[0009] The main frame is fixed with baffles on its left and right sides, and the soil-shoveling mechanism, conveying mechanism, screening mechanism and waste hopper are respectively arranged between the two baffles.

[0010] A reinforcing frame is fixed to the rear side of the shovel blade, and the two ends of the reinforcing frame are respectively fixedly connected to the main frame.

[0011] The conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt, an input A wheel, and an output A wheel. The input A wheel is located at one end of the power input shaft of the conveyor belt and is connected to the output wheel of the gearbox. The output A wheel is located at the other end of the power input shaft of the conveyor belt and is connected to the power input end of the screening mechanism.

[0012] The screening mechanism also includes an input B wheel, a transmission cam, and a connecting rod. The input B wheel is mounted on the main frame through a bearing seat and a rotating shaft and is connected to the power output end of the conveying mechanism. The transmission cam is coaxially mounted with the input B wheel. One end of the connecting rod is eccentrically mounted on the transmission cam through a bearing, and the other end is hinged to the frame at the front end of the screen body.

[0013] The screening mechanism also includes a soil clod crushing section, which includes an input C-wheel, a crushing shaft and a crushing rod assembly. The crushing shaft is mounted on the main frame via a bearing seat and is perpendicular to the forward direction of the main frame.

[0014] An output wheel C is also provided on the shaft of the input wheel B. The input wheel C is located at one end of the crushing shaft, and the output wheel C is connected to the input wheel C in a driving connection.

[0015] The crushing rod assembly includes multiple crushing rods, which are radially and evenly arranged around the circumference of the crushing shaft. There are two or more sets of crushing rods, and the minimum distance between the crushing rods and the screen body is 2-5 cm.

[0016] The waste hopper is located at the rear end of the main frame via a hydraulic lifting mechanism and has the freedom to lift and rotate relative to the main frame.

[0017] The waste hopper is located at the rear end of the main frame via a hydraulic lifting mechanism. The front end of the waste hopper is connected to the discharge end of the screening mechanism, and the rear end is connected to the hydraulic lifting mechanism. The hydraulic lifting mechanism is connected to the hydraulic system pipeline of the front traction head. The waste hopper has the freedom to lift and lower relative to the main frame under the drive of the hydraulic lifting mechanism.

[0018] It also includes a height adjustment mechanism, which includes a height adjustment knob, a height adjustment screw, a travel wheel axle and a threaded sleeve. The height adjustment screw is vertically installed in the main frame body and extends out of the main frame body at its upper end. The height adjustment knob is fixed to the upper end of the height adjustment screw.

[0019] The traveling wheel axle is horizontally set and perpendicular to the forward direction of the main frame. The traveling wheel is set at both ends of the traveling wheel axle. One end of the threaded sleeve is fitted onto the traveling wheel through a bearing, and the other end is threaded upward to the lower end of the height adjustment screw.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a traction-type automatic soil screening machine. By connecting the traction shaft of the traction frame on the soil screening machine to agricultural vehicles such as tractors, the soil screening machine can move in the field without the use of electricity, thereby driving the shovel blades to shovel soil. By using an agricultural machine as a traction head / tractor to pull the soil screening machine, and connecting the gearbox to the power output shaft of the traction head to provide power to the gearbox, the conveying mechanism and the screening mechanism are driven in sequence. The soil shoveled by the shovel blades is conveyed by the conveying mechanism to the screening mechanism for screening. The screened soil automatically forms a bed within the width between the baffles on both sides of the screen body. Large impurities such as stones and grass roots that are screened out automatically move backward under the vibration of the screen body and fall into the waste hopper for collection. After the waste hopper is full, it is lifted by a hydraulic mechanism to a set height, and then it can be flipped over under its own gravity to discharge the waste into a waste cart attached to the back of the soil screening machine. The waste cart is then transported to other places, saving time and labor.

[0021] With the above structure, this utility model realizes that the soil screening machine can automatically screen soil and make beds while moving in the field under the drive of a tractor or other tractor, and automatically collect the screened impurities. It only needs to provide diesel fuel to the tractor and does not require electricity. Moreover, the soil screening and bed making are completed in one go, with high efficiency, good screening and bed making effect, and saving a lot of manpower. It is suitable for promotion and application in agricultural planting. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a simplified front view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a simplified rear view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the front structure of the waste hopper of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a half-section structure;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a rear view of the structure of the waste hopper of this utility model.

[0027] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Main frame, 2. Traction frame, 3. Gearbox, 4. Waste hopper, 5. Shovel blade, 6. Screen body, 7. Swing rod, 8. Baffle, 9. Reinforcing frame, 10. Conveyor belt, 11. Input A wheel, 12. Output A wheel, 13. Input B wheel, 14. Transmission cam, 15. Connecting rod, 16. Input C wheel, 17. Crushing shaft, 18. Crushing rod assembly, 19. Traveling wheel, 20. Height adjustment knob, 21. Height adjustment screw, 22. Traveling wheel axle, 23. Threaded sleeve, 24. Hydraulic rod, 25. Lifting gear, 26. Lifting chain, 27. Stop bar, 28. Slide groove, 29. Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this utility model, a more detailed description of this utility model is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this utility model provides a towed automatic soil sieving machine for automatically sieving soil and creating beds in the field under the towing of a tractor or other tractor. It includes a main frame 1, a towing frame 2 located above the front end of the main frame 1, a gearbox 3 located below the towing frame 2, and a soil shoveling mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a screening mechanism, and a waste hopper 4 connected sequentially from front to back below the main frame 1. The power input end of the gearbox 3 is connected to the power output end of the front tractor, and the power output end is connected to the power input end of the conveying mechanism. The power output end of the conveying mechanism is connected to the power input end of the screening mechanism. Driven by the power output end of the gearbox 3, the conveying mechanism and the screening mechanism are powered in sequence to convey and screen the soil shoveled by the soil shovel to create beds.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, the soil-shoveling mechanism includes a long, flat soil-shoveling blade 5. The soil-shoveling blade 5 and the conveying mechanism are respectively inclined, with an inclination angle ranging from 10° to 45°, preferably 30°. The two ends of the soil-shoveling blade 5 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the main frame 1, respectively. The drive shaft of the conveying mechanism is rotatably mounted on the main frame 1. The feeding end of the conveying mechanism is located below the discharge end of the soil-shoveling blade 5, and the discharge end of the conveying mechanism is higher than the feeding end and located above the feeding end of the screening mechanism. This is to ensure a smooth transition and maximize the ability of the shoveled soil to fall onto the conveying mechanism before being transported to the screening mechanism for sieving.

[0031] The sieving mechanism includes a sieve body 6, which is used to sieve the soil conveyed by the conveying mechanism. The two sides of the sieve body 6 are respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the main frame 1 through swing rods 7, and have the freedom to swing relative to the main frame 1.

[0032] The waste hopper 4 is located at the rear end of the main frame 1 via a hydraulic lifting mechanism. The front end of the waste hopper 4 is connected to the discharge end of the screening mechanism, and the rear end is connected to the hydraulic lifting mechanism. The hydraulic lifting mechanism is connected to the hydraulic system pipeline of the front traction head. Driven by the hydraulic lifting mechanism, the waste hopper 4 has the freedom to lift and lower relative to the main frame 1. In this embodiment, as... Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the hydraulic lifting mechanism includes a hydraulic rod 24, a lifting chain 26, and lifting gears 25. The hydraulic rod 24 is located at the middle of the end of the main frame 1. There are two lifting gears 25, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lifting end of the hydraulic rod 24 by mounting seats. The lifting chain 26 corresponds to the lifting gears 25. One end of the lifting chain 26 is fixed to the rear side of the hydraulic rod 24 by a fixing seat, and the other end passes around the lifting gears 25 and is fixed to the lower end of the rear side of the waste hopper 4.

[0033] To achieve automatic tilting of the waste hopper 4, a vertical chute 28 is provided behind the main frame 1 in this embodiment, and a horizontal stop bar 27 is provided at the upper end of the chute 28. A guide bar 29 is fixed at the lower end of the waste hopper 4. The guide bar 29 is horizontally positioned, with both ends cooperating with the chute 28, and the middle part of the guide bar 29 is connected to the lifting chain 26. When the waste hopper 4 is full of stones and grass roots and needs to be emptied, the external receiving vehicle or receiving hopper must first be placed within the tilting range of the waste hopper 4's discharge port. The operator controls the hydraulic control switch in the cab of the tractor, and the hydraulic rod 24 extends. Through the lifting chain 26 and the guide bar 29, the waste hopper 4 is lifted along the chute 28. When the guide bar 29 is lifted to contact the stop bar 27, under the action of the stop bar 27 and the weight of the waste hopper 4 itself, the waste hopper 4 tilts and tilts towards the shaft end of the main frame 1, so that the waste can be poured into the external receiving vehicle or receiving hopper. It should be noted that the structure of the tipping hopper is a common structure used in agricultural machinery or transport vehicles. The example given in this embodiment is only one common one. In addition to the structure given in this embodiment, other commonly used tipping structures can also be used. This embodiment does not make any specific limitations.

[0034] Furthermore, in order to simultaneously screen the soil and create a bed, and to control the size range of the bed, baffles 8 are fixed on the left and right sides of the main frame 1, respectively. The soil-shoveling mechanism, conveying mechanism, screening mechanism, and waste hopper 4 are respectively arranged between the two baffles 8. During the process of the tractor pulling the soil screener forward, soil shoveling, conveying, screening, and bed creation all take place within the range of the two baffles 8.

[0035] Furthermore, in order to improve the strength of the shovel blade 5, prevent the shovel blade 5 from bending and breaking due to excessive resistance during operation, and extend the service life of the shovel blade 5, in this embodiment a reinforcing frame 9 is welded and fixed to the rear side of the shovel blade 5, and the two ends of the reinforcing frame 9 are respectively fixedly connected to the main frame 1.

[0036] In addition, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the conveying mechanism in this embodiment includes a conveyor belt 10, an input A wheel 11, and an output A wheel 12. The input A wheel 11 is located at one end of the power input shaft of the conveyor belt 10 and is connected to the output wheel of the gearbox 3 for driving the conveyor belt 10 to move. The output A wheel 12 is located at the other end of the power input shaft of the conveyor belt 10 and is connected to the power input end of the screening mechanism for driving the screening mechanism to vibrate and screen.

[0037] Furthermore, the sieving mechanism also includes an input B wheel 13, a transmission cam 14, and a connecting rod 15. The input B wheel 13 is mounted on the main frame 1 via a bearing seat and a rotating shaft and is connected to the output A wheel 12. The transmission cam 14 is coaxially mounted with the input B wheel 13. One end of the connecting rod 15 is eccentrically mounted on the transmission cam 14 via a bearing, and the other end is hinged to the frame at the front end of the screen body 6. In this embodiment, the screen body 6 oscillates under the drive of the transmission cam 14 and the connecting rod 15, thereby performing soil sieving.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to break up large, compacted soil clumps on the screen body 6 while screening the soil, and to prevent them from being mistakenly screened into the waste hopper 4, the screening mechanism in this embodiment also includes a soil clump crushing section. The soil clump crushing section specifically includes an input C-wheel 16, a crushing shaft 17, and a crushing rod assembly 18. The crushing shaft 17 is mounted on the main frame 1 via a bearing seat and is perpendicular to the forward direction of the main frame 1. An output C-wheel is also provided on the shaft of the input B-wheel 13. The input C-wheel 16 is located at one end of the crushing shaft 17, and the output C-wheel is connected to the input C-wheel 16, driving the crushing shaft 17 to rotate. The crushing rod assembly 18 includes multiple crushing rods; in this embodiment, there are three. The multiple crushing rods are radially and evenly arranged around the circumference of the crushing shaft 17. The number of crushing rod assemblies 18 is two or more, preferably three. The minimum distance between the crushing rods and the screen body 6 is 2-5 cm; in this embodiment, it is 3 cm.

[0039] Furthermore, since different crops require different bed heights, a height adjustment mechanism is provided on the main frame 1 in this embodiment to facilitate adjustment of the shoveling depth of the shovel blade 5 and the bed height of the screen body 6. This mechanism allows for adjustment of the angle of the front end of the main frame 1 and the shovel blade 5. The height adjustment mechanism in this embodiment includes a height adjustment knob 20, a height adjustment screw 21, a travel wheel axle 22, and a threaded sleeve 23. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3As shown, there are two height adjustment screws 21, located on the left and right sides of the main frame 1 respectively. The height adjustment screws 21 are vertically installed inside the main frame 1 and extend out of the main frame 1 at the top. The height adjustment knob 20 is fixed to the upper end of the height adjustment screw 21. The travel wheel axle 22 is horizontally installed and perpendicular to the forward direction of the main frame 1. The travel wheels 19 are installed at both ends of the travel wheel axle 22. One end of the threaded sleeve 23 is fitted onto the travel wheel 19 through a bearing, and the other end is threaded upward to the lower end of the height adjustment screw 21.

[0040] When it is necessary to adjust the tilt angle of the shovel blade 5, such as increasing the tilt angle of the shovel blade 5 to increase the shoveling depth, simply rotate the height adjustment knob 20 to drive the height adjustment screw 21 to rotate relative to the threaded sleeve 23, thereby increasing the distance between the traveling wheel 19 and the main frame 1.

[0041] It should be noted that the transmission connection mentioned in this embodiment is a gear drive, chain drive, or belt drive. The operator can flexibly set it according to the specific transmission needs, and no specific limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0042] It is understood that this utility model has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Furthermore, under the teachings of this utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A towed self-propelled soil screener characterised in that: It includes main frame (1), setting in the front end of main frame (1) above the traction frame (2), setting in the gearbox (3) below the traction frame (2), and by front to rear link setting in the main frame (1) below the earthmoving mechanism, conveying mechanism, screening mechanism, waste hopper (4), the power input end of gearbox (3) and the power output end of front end traction head transmission connection, power output end and the power input end of conveying mechanism transmission connection, conveying mechanism power output end and the power input end of screening mechanism transmission connection; The earthmoving mechanism includes a shovel (5), the shovel (5) and conveying mechanism are respectively inclined to be arranged, both ends are respectively connected with the left and right sides of the main frame (1), the feeding end of the conveying mechanism is located below the discharge end of the shovel (5), the discharge end of the conveying mechanism is higher than the feeding end and located above the feeding end of the screening mechanism; The screening mechanism includes a screen body (6), both sides of the screen body (6) are respectively hinged with the left and right sides of the main frame (1) through swing rods (7), which have the freedom of swinging relative to the main frame (1); The waste hopper (4) is arranged at the rear end of the main frame (1), and the feeding end is located below the discharge end of the screen body (6).

2. A towed motor grader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the main frame (1) are respectively fixed with baffles (8), and the earthmoving mechanism, conveying mechanism, screening mechanism and waste hopper (4) are respectively arranged between the two baffles (8).

3. A towed motor grader according to claim 1 wherein: The rear side of the shovel (5) is fixed with a reinforcing frame (9), and both ends of the reinforcing frame (9) are respectively fixedly connected with the main frame (1).

4. A towed motor grader according to claim 1 wherein: The conveying mechanism includes a conveying belt (10) and input A wheel (11), output A wheel (12), the input A wheel (11) is arranged at one end of the power input shaft of the conveying belt (10) and is in transmission connection with the output wheel of the gearbox (3), and the output A wheel (12) is arranged at the other end of the power input shaft of the conveying belt (10) and is in transmission connection with the power input end of the screening mechanism.

5. A towed motor grader according to claim 1 wherein: The screening mechanism further includes input B wheel (13), transmission cam (14) and connecting rod (15), the input B wheel (13) is arranged on the main frame (1) through a bearing seat and a rotating shaft and is in transmission connection with the power output end of the conveying mechanism, the transmission cam (14) is coaxially arranged with the input B wheel (13), one end of the connecting rod (15) is eccentrically arranged on the transmission cam (14) through a bearing, and the other end is hingedly connected with the frame at the front end of the screen body (6).

6. A towed motor grader according to claim 5 wherein: The screening mechanism further includes a soil block breaking part, the soil block breaking part includes input C wheel (16), breaking rotating shaft (17) and breaking rod group (18), the breaking rotating shaft (17) is erected on the main frame (1) through a bearing seat and is perpendicular to the forward direction of the main frame (1); The rotating shaft of the input B wheel (13) is further provided with an output C wheel, the input C wheel (16) is arranged at one end of the breaking rotating shaft (17), and the output C wheel is in transmission connection with the input C wheel (16). The crushing rod group (18) comprises a plurality of crushing rods which are evenly arranged radially around the circumference of the crushing rotating shaft (17), the number of the crushing rod group (18) is two or more, and the minimum spacing between the crushing rods and the sieve body (6) ranges from 2 to 5 cm.

7. A towed motor grader according to claim 1 wherein: The waste hopper (4) is arranged at the rear end of the main frame body (1) through a hydraulic lifting mechanism, the front end of the waste hopper (4) is connected with the discharge end of the screening mechanism, the rear end is drivingly connected with the hydraulic lifting mechanism, the hydraulic lifting mechanism is communicated with the hydraulic system pipeline of the front end traction head, and the waste hopper (4) has the freedom of being lifted and lowered relative to the main frame body (1) under the driving of the hydraulic lifting mechanism.

8. A towed motor grader according to claim 1 wherein: It also comprises a height adjusting mechanism, the height adjusting mechanism comprises a height adjusting knob (20), a height adjusting screw (21), a walking wheel shaft (22) and a threaded sleeve (23), the height adjusting screw (21) is vertically arranged in the main frame body (1) and protrudes out of the main frame body (1) at the upper end, the height adjusting knob (20) is fixed at the upper end of the height adjusting screw (21); The walking wheel shaft (22) is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the forward direction of the main frame body (1), the walking wheels (19) are arranged at both ends of the walking wheel shaft (22), and one end of the threaded sleeve (23) is sleeved on the walking wheel (19) through a bearing and the other end is threadedly connected with the lower end of the height adjusting screw (21) upwardly.

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