Battery pack

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of power batteries, and particularly relates to a battery pack. Comprising a box body; the battery cell is mounted in the box body, the battery cell is provided with an air leakage structure, and the air leakage structure is suitable for discharging high-temperature flue gas in the battery cell into the box body when the battery cell is subjected to thermal runaway; the anti-explosion valve is mounted on the box body and is suitable for discharging high-temperature flue gas in the box body out of the box body when the battery cell is subjected to thermal runaway; and the hot melting piece is located on a circulation channel through which the high-temperature flue gas flows from the gas leakage structure to the anti-explosion valve, and is suitable for melting and adsorbing particulate matters in the high-temperature flue gas when being in contact with the high-temperature flue gas. The hot melting piece is arranged on the circulation channel between the air leakage structure and the anti-explosion valve, so that the hot melting piece can be in contact with high-temperature flue gas, rapidly melt and adsorb particulate matter in the high-temperature flue gas, gas in the high-temperature flue gas continues to flow and is discharged from the anti-explosion valve, the particulate matter in the high-temperature flue gas is reduced, blockage of the anti-explosion valve is avoided, and the service life of the anti-explosion valve is prolonged. Therefore, high-temperature flue gas can be smoothly discharged out of the box body, and the safety performance of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of power battery technology, and in particular relates to a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] When a cell in a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the resulting high-temperature fumes carry particulate matter. These particles are discharged along the fumes through the exhaust channels within the battery pack to the explosion-proof valve, from which the fumes are then released outside the battery pack. Because the high-temperature fumes released during thermal runaway contain a large amount of particulate matter, these particles are ejected towards the explosion-proof valve. If the particles accumulate at the valve, they will obstruct the exhaust. However, if the fumes are discharged directly from the valve, there is a risk of fire, potentially leading to a safety accident. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a battery pack to solve the problem that when the battery cells of the prior art experience thermal runaway, the particulate matter carried by the high-temperature flue gas can easily cause safety accidents, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0004] To achieve the above and other related objectives, this utility model provides a battery pack, comprising:

[0005] Box;

[0006] A battery cell is installed inside the housing. The battery cell has a venting structure that is adapted to discharge high-temperature flue gas inside the battery cell into the housing when thermal runaway occurs.

[0007] An explosion-proof valve is installed on the enclosure and is adapted to discharge the high-temperature flue gas inside the enclosure to the outside of the enclosure when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway;

[0008] A heat-fused component is disposed within the housing, located in the flow path of the high-temperature flue gas from the venting structure to the explosion-proof valve, and is adapted to melt and adsorb particulate matter in the high-temperature flue gas upon contact with it.

[0009] Optionally, the circulation path includes a first exhaust channel, which is disposed on the bottom plate of the housing. The hot melt component is installed in the first exhaust channel, and the battery cell is located above the first exhaust channel. The spray direction of the venting structure of the battery cell is towards the hot melt component.

[0010] Optionally, the battery pack further includes an insulating bracket, which is installed above the bottom plate of the housing. The battery cells are installed on the insulating bracket, and the insulating bracket is provided with a clearance hole corresponding to the venting structure. The venting structure is connected to the first exhaust channel through the clearance hole.

[0011] Optionally, the insulating bracket is provided with a mounting groove, the battery cell is positioned and mounted on the mounting groove, and the clearance hole is provided at the bottom of the mounting groove.

[0012] Optionally, the outer diameter d1 of the battery cell is less than or equal to the inner diameter d2 of the mounting groove, and the outer diameter d1 of the battery cell is greater than the inner diameter d3 of the clearance hole, and the inner diameter d3 of the clearance hole is less than the width d4 of the hot melt component.

[0013] Optionally, there is a gap between the hot melt component and the venting structure.

[0014] Optionally, the number of battery cells is multiple, and the multiple battery cells are arranged side by side along a first direction to form a battery cell group, and the first exhaust channel extends along the first direction; multiple rows of battery cell groups are arranged along a second direction, and the bottom plate of the housing is provided with multiple first exhaust channels distributed and separated along the second direction, and the multiple first exhaust channels correspond one-to-one with the multiple rows of battery cell groups.

[0015] Optionally, the flow path further includes a second exhaust channel, which extends along the second direction and is connected to the exhaust ends of the plurality of first exhaust channels and the explosion-proof valve, respectively.

[0016] Optionally, a partial recess on the side of the base plate facing the battery cell is formed as the first exhaust channel.

[0017] Optionally, the hot melt component includes hot melt adhesive.

[0018] Optionally, the battery cell includes a cylindrical battery cell.

[0019] As described above, the battery pack of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: a heat-fused component is provided in the flow path between the venting structure and the explosion-proof valve, so that the high-temperature flue gas can come into contact with the heat-fused component. After the heat-fused component comes into contact with the high-temperature flue gas, it can quickly melt and adsorb the particulate matter in the high-temperature flue gas. The gas in the high-temperature flue gas continues to flow and is discharged from the explosion-proof valve, reducing the particulate matter in the high-temperature flue gas. This helps to avoid blockage of the explosion-proof valve, so that the high-temperature flue gas can be discharged smoothly from the box, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the battery pack of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the battery pack;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of part B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Side view of the battery pack;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Sectional view at CC;

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of part D in the middle;

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure when removing battery cells from the battery pack;

[0028] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Top view of the battery pack;

[0029] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure when the insulating support of the battery pack is removed.

[0030] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A top view of the battery pack.

[0031] Part Number Explanation

[0032] Box 1, base plate 11, first exhaust channel 12, second exhaust channel 13, battery cell assembly 2, battery cell 21, venting structure 211, explosion-proof valve 3, thermoplastic component 4, insulating bracket 5, mounting groove 51, clearance hole 52. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0034] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the implementation of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effects and objectives of this utility model, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of implementation of this utility model.

[0035] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 8 to 11 In some optional embodiments, the present invention provides a battery pack, which includes a housing 1, battery cells 21, an explosion-proof valve 3, and a heat-fused component 4; in addition to the above-mentioned components, the battery pack may also include an insulating support 5. The battery cells 21 are installed inside the housing 1 and have a venting structure 211, which is adapted to discharge high-temperature fumes from the battery cells 21 into the housing 1 in the event of thermal runaway. The explosion-proof valve 3 is installed on the housing 1 and is adapted to open in the event of thermal runaway to discharge high-temperature fumes from the housing 1 to the outside of the housing 1. The heat-fused component 4 is disposed inside the housing 1 and located in the flow path of high-temperature fumes from the venting structure 211 to the explosion-proof valve 3. The heat-fused component 4 is adapted to melt and adsorb particulate matter in the high-temperature fumes upon contact, thereby reducing the risk of particulate matter in the high-temperature fumes clogging the explosion-proof valve 3.

[0036] Optionally, the hot melt component 4 includes hot melt adhesive. Under normal conditions, the hot melt adhesive is in a rigid, non-adhesive state. When the battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature fumes inside the battery cell 21 are discharged through the venting structure 211. These fumes have high temperature and impact force, melting the hot melt adhesive and providing impact force to the particulate matter within the fumes, allowing the particulate matter to better adhere to the hot melt adhesive, thus facilitating the smooth removal of the gas. Specifically, the hot melt adhesive melts at temperatures above 150°C, and the melting rate increases with temperature. The melted hot melt adhesive has high viscosity, enabling it to adsorb and bind particulate matter in the high-temperature fumes. When the battery cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, the temperature of the emitted high-temperature fumes is far above 150°C, allowing the hot melt adhesive to melt rapidly.

[0037] Optionally, the housing 1 has a bottom plate 11, and the flow passage includes a first exhaust channel 12. The first exhaust channel 12 is disposed on the bottom plate 11 of the housing 1. The hot melt component 4 is installed in the first exhaust channel 12, and the battery cell 21 is located above the first exhaust channel 12. The venting structure 211 of the battery cell 21 is arranged opposite to the hot melt component 4, and the spray direction of the venting structure 211 of the battery cell 21 is towards the hot melt component 4, so that the high-temperature flue gas is directly sprayed onto the hot melt component 4, which is beneficial to accelerate the melting of the hot melt component 4 and improve the adsorption and adhesion effect on particulate matter in the high-temperature flue gas. Furthermore, a partial recess on the side of the bottom plate 11 facing the battery cell 21 forms the first exhaust channel 12.

[0038] Optionally, a gap exists between the heat-fused component 4 and the venting structure 211, allowing particulate matter in the high-temperature flue gas to be adsorbed onto the heat-fused component 4, while the flue gas can be discharged through the gap. Furthermore, the thickness of the heat-fused component 4 is not greater than the depth of the first exhaust channel 12.

[0039] Optionally, cell 21 may include cylindrical cells.

[0040] In the battery pack of the above embodiment, a hot melt element 4 that can melt when the cell 21 experiences thermal runaway is provided in the flow path of the high-temperature flue gas, so as to adsorb and adhere particulate matter in the high-temperature flue gas. The gas in the high-temperature flue gas can be smoothly discharged from the explosion-proof valve 3, which helps to reduce the risk of blockage of the explosion-proof valve 3, so that the explosion-proof valve 3 can be smoothly discharged, thereby reducing the risk of heat spread and improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0041] See Figures 2 to 9 In some optional embodiments, the insulating bracket 5 is installed above the bottom plate 11 of the housing 1, the battery cell 21 is installed on the insulating bracket 5, the insulating bracket 5 is provided with a clearance hole 52 corresponding to the venting structure 211, the venting structure 211 is connected to the first exhaust channel 12 through the clearance hole 52, and the high temperature flue gas discharged from the venting structure 211 enters the first exhaust channel 12 through the clearance hole 52 and is sprayed toward the hot melt component 4.

[0042] Optionally, the mounting groove 51 can be a circular groove, the clearance hole 52 can be a circular hole, and the hot melt part 4 can be a rectangular block structure.

[0043] Optionally, the insulating bracket 5 is provided with a mounting groove 51, and the battery cell 21 is positioned and installed in the mounting groove 51. The clearance hole 52 is set at the bottom of the mounting groove 51. Furthermore, the outer diameter d1 of the battery cell 21 is less than or equal to the inner diameter d2 of the mounting groove 51, which is beneficial for the positioning and installation of the battery cell 21. The outer diameter d1 of the battery cell 21 is greater than the inner diameter d3 of the clearance hole 52, which prevents the battery cell 21 from falling into the first exhaust channel 12 from the clearance hole 52. The inner diameter d3 of the clearance hole 52 is less than the width d4 of the hot melt component 4. In other words, the orthographic projection of the hot melt component 4 covers the clearance hole 52, so that the ejected high-temperature flue gas can fully contact the hot melt component 4, which is beneficial for improving the adsorption and adhesion effect of particulate matter in the high-temperature flue gas.

[0044] See Figures 1 to 7 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 In some optional embodiments, there are multiple battery cells 21, which are arranged side by side along a first direction to form a battery cell group 2, and the first exhaust channel 12 extends along the first direction. The multiple rows of battery cell groups 2 are arranged along a second direction, and the bottom plate 11 of the housing 1 is provided with multiple first exhaust channels 12 distributed and separated along the second direction, and the multiple first exhaust channels 12 correspond one-to-one with the multiple rows of battery cell groups 2.

[0045] Optionally, the circulation path also includes a second exhaust channel 13, which extends along a second direction and is connected to the exhaust ends of a plurality of first exhaust channels 12 and explosion-proof valves 3 respectively.

[0046] In this application, the arrangement direction of multiple cells 21 in each row of cell group 2, the extension direction of the first exhaust channel 12, the length direction of the first exhaust channel 12, and the length direction of the hot melt component 4 are the same as the first direction, i.e., the X direction in the figure; the arrangement direction of multiple rows of cell group 2, the arrangement direction of multiple first exhaust channels 12, the extension direction of the second exhaust channel 13, the length direction of the second exhaust channel 13, and the width direction of the hot melt component 4 are the same as the second direction, i.e., the Y direction in the figure; the height direction of the cell 21, the thickness direction of the hot melt component 4, and the depth direction of the first exhaust channel 12 are the same, i.e., the Z direction in the figure.

[0047] In the battery pack of the above embodiment, multiple first exhaust channels 12 are separated in the second direction. When the cell 21 experiences thermal runaway, it helps to reduce the impact on adjacent rows of cells 21, thereby reducing the risk of thermal propagation. The multiple first exhaust channels 12 are connected to the explosion-proof valve 3 through the same second exhaust channel 13. The structure is compact and helps to improve space utilization.

[0048] The battery pack of this invention uses a hot melt element 4 that can melt when the cell 21 experiences thermal runaway to adsorb and bind particulate matter in high-temperature flue gas. This reduces the number of particulate matter that reaches the explosion-proof valve 3 with the airflow, preventing particulate matter from accumulating at the explosion-proof valve 3 and causing external open flames and obstructing exhaust. This helps to reduce the risk of thermal spread and thus improves the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0049] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "this embodiment," "example," and "specific example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0050] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized by, The battery pack comprises: a box body; a battery cell installed in the box body, the battery cell having a vent structure adapted to discharge high-temperature flue gas in the battery cell to the box body when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway; an explosion-proof valve installed on the box body and adapted to discharge the high-temperature flue gas in the box body to the outside of the box body when the battery cell experiences thermal runaway; a heat melting member arranged in the box body, the heat melting member being located on a flow passage of the high-temperature flue gas flowing from the vent structure to the explosion-proof valve and adapted to melt and adsorb particulate matters in the high-temperature flue gas when in contact with the high-temperature flue gas.

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The flow passage comprises a first exhaust passage arranged on a bottom plate of the box body, the heat melting member being installed in the first exhaust passage, the battery cell being located above the first exhaust passage, and a jet direction of the vent structure of the battery cell being towards the heat melting member.

3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein, The battery pack further comprises an insulating support installed above the bottom plate of the box body, the battery cell being installed on the insulating support, the insulating support being provided with a relief hole corresponding to the vent structure, and the vent structure and the first exhaust passage being in communication through the relief hole.

4. The battery pack of claim 3, wherein, The insulating support is provided with a mounting groove, the battery cell being positioned and installed on the mounting groove, and the relief hole being arranged at a groove bottom of the mounting groove.

5. The battery pack of claim 4, wherein, An outer diameter d1 of the battery cell is less than or equal to an inner diameter d2 of the mounting groove, and the outer diameter d1 of the battery cell is greater than an inner diameter d3 of the relief hole, the inner diameter d3 of the relief hole being less than a width d4 of the heat melting member.

6. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein, The heat melting member and the vent structure have a gap therebetween.

7. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein, The battery cell is in a plurality, the plurality of battery cells being arranged side by side along a first direction to form a battery cell group, and the first exhaust passage extending along the first direction; a plurality of battery cell groups are arranged along a second direction, the bottom plate of the box body being provided with a plurality of first exhaust passages distributed along the second direction and separated by partitions, and the plurality of first exhaust passages respectively corresponding to the plurality of battery cell groups one by one.

8. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein, The flow passage further comprises a second exhaust passage extending along the second direction and in communication with exhaust ends of the plurality of first exhaust passages and the explosion-proof valve respectively.

9. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein, A local recess of the bottom plate towards the battery cell forms the first exhaust passage.

10. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The heat melting member comprises a heat melting glue.

11. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, The battery cell comprises a cylindrical battery cell.

Images