Device beneficial to improving dust removal rate in waste heat boiler

Abstract

The device comprises an ash hopper shell, a flue is arranged on the outer side of the ash hopper shell, a plurality of hanging lug plates are symmetrically arranged on the inner walls of the two sides of the ash hopper shell, and a flow guide plate is arranged between every two corresponding hanging lug plates. According to the invention, the ash bucket structure in which the plurality of hanging lug plates and the guide plates are matched with each other is arranged in the ash bucket shell, so that a flow field can be changed by utilizing the additionally arranged guide plates, and dust in flue gas can be prevented from being directly taken out of the ash bucket shell by bypassing the flow field; moreover, due to the arrangement of the guide plate, the through-flow area of the ash bucket shell is reduced, the flow velocity of the flue gas is increased, the flue gas has a larger turn under the flow field deviation action of the guide plate, and the dust can be thrown to the bottom of the ash bucket shell to be deposited under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, so that the capture and the sedimentation of the dust are facilitated. And meanwhile, the contact area between the flue gas and the ash bucket shell is increased due to the arrangement of the guide plate, so that dust is better captured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of boiler dust removal, and in particular to an apparatus that is advantageous in improving the dust removal rate in waste heat boilers. Background Technology

[0002] Current investigations have revealed that vertical boilers generally have a higher fly ash rate than horizontal boilers in the incineration industry. The reason for this is believed to be that vertical boilers do not capture enough dust before it enters the flue gas treatment system. In contrast, in commonly used horizontal boilers, the flue gas passes through a superheater and economizer, and in a horizontal flow, it undergoes pipe capture and gravity sorting and sedimentation before falling into multiple ash hoppers and finally being discharged into the ash trough.

[0003] However, vertical boilers typically have superheaters, economizers, and air preheaters arranged vertically, resulting in weak dust capture capabilities. Flue gas and dust descend together into the ash hopper at the bottom of the shaft. The flue next to the ash hopper is horizontally arranged, causing dust to be carried out horizontally by the airflow during its descent, lacking effective sedimentation and capture. Therefore, optimizing the structure within the ash hopper allows for better dust capture and sedimentation, effectively reducing fly ash generation. A reduced fly ash rate lowers fly ash treatment costs, achieving energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0004] In the relevant technology, vertical boilers are referred to Figure 1 A standard ash hopper 1 is installed at the bottom of the boiler, specifically below the flue gas preheater. A flue duct 2 is located on one side of the standard ash hopper 1. Its function is to collect dust from the flue gas through gravity sedimentation and then discharge it into the slag discharge trough. Due to the simple structure of the ash hopper 1 and the high flue gas velocity, dust enters the flue duct 2 along with the flue gas, resulting in an unsatisfactory dust sedimentation and capture effect. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a device that improves the dust removal rate in waste heat boilers, addressing the problem in related technologies where vertical boilers have a common ash hopper shell at the bottom of the flue gas preheater, with a flue on one side; the ash hopper collects dust from the flue gas through gravity sedimentation and discharges it into a slag discharge trough. However, due to the simple structure of the ash hopper shell and the high flue gas velocity, dust enters the flue along with the flue gas, resulting in unsatisfactory dust sedimentation and capture.

[0006] The device provided in this application, which is advantageous for improving the dust removal rate in waste heat boilers, adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A device for improving the dust removal rate in a waste heat boiler includes an ash hopper shell, a flue is provided on the outer side of the ash hopper shell, and several hanging ear plates are symmetrically arranged on the inner walls of both sides of the ash hopper shell, with a guide plate provided between each pair of corresponding hanging ear plates.

[0008] Furthermore, several of the aforementioned guide plates are inclined downwards on the side opposite to the flue.

[0009] Furthermore, the angle between each of the aforementioned guide plates and the vertical center line of the ash hopper shell is 20°.

[0010] Furthermore, several of the aforementioned guide plates are arranged in a horizontal array on the inner walls of both sides of the ash hopper shell.

[0011] Furthermore, several of the aforementioned guide plates are arranged in a staggered manner on the inner walls of both sides of the ash hopper shell.

[0012] Furthermore, both sides of the guide plate are connected to the corresponding two hanging plates via adjusting components.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjusting component includes an adjusting guide vane rotatably disposed on one side of the lug plate, and a slot is provided on one side of the guide plate to slide and engage with the adjusting guide vane.

[0014] Furthermore, both the ear plate and the guide plate are made of carbon steel.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0016] By incorporating several hanging plates and guide plates within the ash hopper shell, the structure not only alters the flow field through the added guide plates, reducing the direct carry-out of dust from the ash hopper shell by the flow field's detour, but also reduces the flow area of ​​the ash hopper shell and increases the flue gas velocity due to the reduced flow area caused by the guide plates. The flue gas undergoes a significant deflection after passing through the guide plates, and under the influence of centrifugal force and gravity, dust is flung to the bottom of the ash hopper shell for deposition, thus facilitating dust capture and sedimentation.

[0017] At the same time, the dust will come into contact with the inner wall of the ash hopper shell. Due to the friction, the dust in the flue gas will be separated from the airflow. The baffle plate increases the contact area between the flue gas and the ash hopper shell, thus better capturing the dust. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the original ash hopper structure.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device that improves the dust removal rate in a waste heat boiler according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment component according to another embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the CFD simulation of an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0023] 1. Ash hopper shell; 11. Flue gas inlet; 12. Ash outlet; 2. Flue; 21. Flue gas outlet; 3. Ear plate; 31. Adjustable guide vane; 4. Flow guide plate; 41. Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0025] This application discloses a device that improves the dust removal rate in waste heat boilers. This device utilizes the existing ash hopper structure under the flue gas preheater in a vertical boiler, specifically referring to… Figure 2 In this embodiment, the device includes an ash hopper shell 1, a flue 2, a hanging ear plate 3, and a guide plate 4.

[0026] The outer shell 1 of the ash hopper has an overall inverted right-angled trapezoidal structure, meaning that the area of ​​the outer shell 1 gradually narrows from top to bottom. The top of the outer shell 1 is the flue gas inlet 11, which facilitates the discharge of dust-containing flue gas into the interior of the ash hopper. The bottom of the outer shell 1 is the ash outlet 12, which facilitates the discharge of dust from the outside of the ash hopper. The flue 2 is installed on the outer middle of the vertical surface of the ash hopper. The flue 2 is connected to the ash hopper. The end of the flue 2 away from the ash hopper.1 is the flue gas outlet 21, which facilitates the discharge of flue gas.

[0027] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, several ear plates 3 are provided, and several ear plates 3 are symmetrically welded to the corresponding inner walls on both sides of the ash hopper shell 1; several guide plates 4 are also provided, and several guide plates 4 are respectively installed between the corresponding two ear plates 3.

[0028] By setting up a dust hopper structure with the ear plate 3 and the guide plate 4 working together, not only can the flow field be changed by the added guide plate 4, and the flow field can be bypassed to reduce the amount of dust in the flue gas being directly carried out of the dust hopper shell 1; but also, due to the setting of the guide plate 4, the flow area of ​​the dust hopper shell 1 is reduced and the flue gas velocity is increased. After passing through the flow field deflection effect of the guide plate 4, the flue gas will have a larger bend, and under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, the dust can be thrown to the bottom of the dust hopper shell 1 for deposition, which is conducive to the capture and sedimentation of dust.

[0029] At the same time, the dust will come into contact with the inner wall of the ash hopper shell 1. Due to the friction, the dust in the flue gas will be separated from the airflow. The baffle 4 increases the contact area between the flue gas and the ash hopper shell 1, thus better capturing the dust.

[0030] In addition, in this embodiment, the guide plates 4 are all inclined downwards on the side away from the flue 2. Specifically, the angle between the guide plates 4 and the vertical center line of the ash hopper shell 1 is 20°, and the guide plates 4 are arranged in a horizontal array on the inner walls of both sides of the ash hopper shell 1; at the same time, the guide plates 4 are arranged in a staggered manner on the inner walls of both sides of the ash hopper shell 1.

[0031] This further prevents dust from being discharged directly at the flue gas outlet 21 during its fall, while reducing the impact of flue gas on the dust deposited at the bottom, thereby reducing the amount of dust that should have settled being carried out of the outer shell 1 of the ash hopper.

[0032] Preferably, in this embodiment, the ear plates 3 and the guide plates 4 are all made of carbon steel plates, made of Q235B material, which not only makes them easy to process and low in cost, but also provides sufficient strength and improves the service life of the ear plates 3 and the guide plates 4.

[0033] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the angle of the deflector 4 can be adjusted. Specifically, refer to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, both sides of the guide plate 4 are connected to the corresponding two ear plates 3 by adjusting components; more specifically, the adjusting component includes an adjusting guide vane 31, which is rotatably mounted on the side of the ear plate 3 away from the ash hopper shell 1; and a slot 41 is provided on one side of the guide plate 4, which slides and locks with the adjusting guide vane 31.

[0034] When installing the guide vane 4, align the slot 41 on the guide vane 4 with the position of the adjusting guide vane 31, and then slide the guide vane 4 onto the adjusting guide vane 31, thereby locking the adjusting guide vane 31 into the slot 41, thus securing the guide vane 4 firmly onto the adjusting guide vane 31. When removing the guide vane 4, simply apply force to slide the guide vane 4 out of the adjusting guide vane 31 to remove it.

[0035] When it is necessary to adjust the tilt angle of the guide vane 4, simply rotate the guide vane 4 mounted on the adjusting guide vane 31. Under the action of the adjusting guide vane 31, the angle of the guide vane 4 can be adjusted to the desired tilt angle. In actual use, the tilt angles of these guide vanes 4 can all be adjusted to the same angle, or the tilt angles of these guide vanes 4 can be adjusted to different angles.

[0036] Meanwhile, the arrangement of the guide plate 4 can be in various ways, such as matrix arrangement, staggered arrangement, etc.; and the size of the guide plate 4 can also be set according to the space size of the ash hopper shell 1. Different configurations can realize the device of this application.

[0037] Secondly, refer to Figure 4 In this embodiment, CFD simulation is performed using the device of this application; and the table below compares the dust removal efficiency of the original ash hopper (condition 1) and the ash hopper with the added guide plate 4 (condition 2).

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Therefore, it is clear from the CFD simulation results and the data in the table above that the dust removal rate is improved by using the ash hopper structure with the addition of baffle plate 4, and the overall removal rate is 8.8% higher than before the modification.

[0041] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for improving the dust removal rate in a waste heat boiler, characterized in that: Includes an ash hopper shell (1), with a flue (2) provided on the outer side of the ash hopper shell (1), and several ear plates (3) symmetrically provided on the inner walls of both sides of the ash hopper shell (1), with a guide plate (4) provided between each pair of ear plates (3); Several of the aforementioned guide plates (4) are inclined downwards on the side away from the flue (2), and the angle between several of the aforementioned guide plates (4) and the vertical center line of the ash hopper shell (1) is 20°. Both sides of the guide plate (4) are connected to the corresponding two ear plates (3) by adjusting components. The adjusting components include adjusting guide vanes (31) rotatably disposed on one side of the ear plate (3). A slot (41) is provided on one side of the guide plate (4) to slide and lock with the adjusting guide vanes (31).

2. The device for improving the dust removal rate in a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several of the aforementioned guide plates (4) are arranged in a horizontal array on the inner walls of both sides of the ash hopper shell (1).

3. The device for improving the dust removal rate in a waste heat boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: Several of the aforementioned guide plates (4) are arranged in a staggered manner on the inner walls of both sides of the ash hopper shell (1).

4. The device for improving the dust removal rate in a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the ear plate (3) and the guide plate (4) are made of carbon steel.

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