Device for efficiently separating biomass thermal cracking three-phase product

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass thermal cracking three-phase product high-efficiency separation device which comprises a cracking assembly which comprises a sliding rail type tubular furnace, and biomass raw materials are heated to a set cracking temperature through the sliding rail type tubular furnace and generate mixed products of gas, liquid and solid particles; the cooling assembly comprises a snakelike condenser and a liquid phase collecting bottle, and liquid phase components in the mixed product are separated through the snakelike condenser and stored in the liquid phase collecting bottle; the detection assembly comprises an on-line infrared gas analyzer, and gas components in the mixed product are detected through the on-line infrared gas analyzer; the purification assembly comprises an ethanol solution bottle and an aqueous solution bottle, alcohol-soluble gas components in the gas-phase components are absorbed through an ethanol solution in the ethanol solution bottle, and water-soluble gas components in the gas-phase components are absorbed through an aqueous solution in the aqueous solution bottle. According to the utility model, efficient separation of three-phase products of biomass thermal cracking is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, specifically to a device for efficient separation of three-phase products from biomass pyrolysis. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis, a key technology for the resource conversion and utilization of biomass raw materials, refers to the process of decomposing biomass raw materials into three-phase products—gas, liquid, and solid—through a low-temperature, slow pyrolysis process in an anaerobic or low-oxygen environment. The gaseous products can be used as fuel for direct combustion to supply heat for the pyrolysis process; the liquid products can be further processed into liquid fuels or chemicals; and the solid products (biochar) have wide applications in soil improvement, adsorbents, and fuel substitution.

[0003] However, current separation technologies for three-phase products have many problems, such as low separation efficiency, low product purity, which affects subsequent applications; complex equipment structure, which not only increases manufacturing and maintenance costs, but also makes operation more difficult; excessive separation energy consumption, which limits the large-scale promotion and application of this technology; separation methods based on filtration and adsorption are prone to equipment blockage, and the cost of adsorbent regeneration is high.

[0004] Therefore, developing a biomass pyrolysis three-phase product separation device that is simple in structure, highly efficient and energy-saving, and can achieve precise separation is of great practical significance. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for efficient separation of three-phase products from biomass pyrolysis, in order to solve the above-mentioned defects caused by the prior art.

[0006] A device for efficient separation of three-phase products from biomass pyrolysis, comprising:

[0007] The pyrolysis assembly includes a slide rail tube furnace, which heats the biomass feedstock to a set pyrolysis temperature, and the biomass feedstock undergoes a pyrolysis reaction to generate a mixture of gas, liquid and solid particles.

[0008] A cooling assembly, comprising a serpentine condenser and a liquid phase collection bottle, wherein the serpentine condenser separates the liquid phase component in the mixture and stores it in the liquid phase collection bottle;

[0009] The detection component includes an online infrared gas analyzer, which is used to detect the gas components in the mixed product;

[0010] The purification component includes an ethanol solution bottle and an aqueous solution bottle. The ethanol solution in the ethanol solution bottle absorbs alcohol-soluble gaseous components in the gas phase, and the aqueous solution in the aqueous solution bottle absorbs water-soluble gaseous components in the gas phase.

[0011] Preferably, a nitrogen cylinder is provided next to the sliding rail tubular furnace, and the nitrogen cylinder is connected to the furnace cavity of the sliding rail tubular furnace through a pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, a cooling tank is provided below the liquid phase collection bottle, and the cooling tank contains anhydrous ethanol solution at -℃, and the liquid phase collection bottle is immersed in the anhydrous ethanol solution.

[0013] Preferably, the serpentine condenser is connected to the online infrared gas analyzer via a pipeline through gas drying bottle one, gas drying bottle two, and gas drying bottle three.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. This utility model can achieve efficient separation: through the coordinated work of the pyrolysis component, cooling component, detection component and purification component, the efficient separation of the three-phase products of biomass pyrolysis is achieved.

[0016] 2. This invention can reduce secondary reactions: By precisely controlling the temperature, pressure, and other conditions of each component, secondary reactions of the product are avoided during the separation process, ensuring product quality and yield. For example, the sliding tube furnace can precisely control the reaction temperature, preventing product decomposition due to excessive temperature; the multi-stage cooling design of the cooling components allows the gas to be cooled gradually, reducing unnecessary reactions caused by sudden temperature drops. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0018] in:

[0019] 10-Cracking assembly; 11-Sliding rail tube furnace; 12-Nitrogen cylinder;

[0020] 20-Cooling assembly; 21-Serpentine condenser; 22-Liquid phase collection bottle; 23-Cooling tank;

[0021] 30 - Detection component; 31 - Online infrared gas analyzer; 32 - Gas drying bottle one; 32 - Gas drying bottle two; 32 - Gas drying bottle three;

[0022] 40 - Purification component; 41 - Ethanol solution bottle; 42 - Aqueous solution bottle. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for efficient separation of three-phase products from biomass pyrolysis includes:

[0025] The pyrolysis assembly 10 includes a slide rail tube furnace 11, which heats the biomass feedstock to a set pyrolysis temperature, and the biomass feedstock undergoes a pyrolysis reaction to generate a mixture of gas, liquid and solid particles.

[0026] Cooling assembly 20, which includes a serpentine condenser 21 and a liquid phase collection bottle 22, wherein the liquid phase component in the mixture is separated by the serpentine condenser 21 and stored in the liquid phase collection bottle 22;

[0027] Detection component 30, comprising an online infrared gas analyzer 31, which detects the gas components in the mixed product, enabling the identification of CO, CO2, CH4, H2, and C in the gas. n H m Accurate detection of gas components with a resolution of 0.01%;

[0028] The purification component 40 includes an ethanol solution bottle 41 and an aqueous solution bottle 42. The ethanol solution in the ethanol solution bottle 41 absorbs the alcohol-soluble gaseous components in the gas phase, and the aqueous solution in the aqueous solution bottle 42 absorbs the water-soluble gaseous components in the gas phase. The purified exhaust gas can be directly discharged into the atmosphere.

[0029] In this embodiment, a nitrogen cylinder 12 is provided next to the sliding tube furnace 11, and the nitrogen cylinder 12 is connected to the furnace chamber of the sliding tube furnace 11 through a pipeline. The above design ensures that the sliding tube furnace 11 is always in an oxygen-free or nitrogen-free environment when pyrolyzing biomass feedstock.

[0030] In this embodiment, a cooling tank 23 is provided below the liquid phase collection bottle 22. The cooling tank 23 contains anhydrous ethanol solution at -10°C, and the liquid phase collection bottle 22 is immersed in the anhydrous ethanol solution. The sub-zero anhydrous ethanol solution helps to lower the temperature of the liquid phase collection bottle 22, allowing the condensable components in the mixture to fully condense into liquid.

[0031] In this embodiment, the serpentine condenser 21 and the online infrared gas analyzer 31 are connected by pipes to gas drying bottles 32, 33, and 34. These gas drying bottles are filled with different desiccants, including but not limited to molecular sieves, calcium oxide, and color-changing silica gel. Gas purification is achieved when the gas passes through these desiccants.

[0032] In this embodiment, the sliding tube furnace 11 consists of a single-temperature zone heater, a temperature control system, and a quartz sleeve. The single-temperature zone heater, in conjunction with the temperature control system, has a constant temperature zone of 400 mm, a maximum operating temperature of 1100°C, and a maximum heating rate not exceeding 20°C / min. The temperature control system can achieve precise temperature control within ±1°C of temperature fluctuation, enabling precise temperature control during the pyrolysis process. The quartz sleeve, slightly longer than the heating zone (sleeve length 1400 mm, inner diameter 80 mm), provides an oxygen-free environment for the pyrolysis process and facilitates precise control of the pyrolysis residence time. By changing the position of the constant temperature zone of the heater on the quartz sleeve, the pyrolysis process can be quickly started and stopped.

[0033] The working principle of this device for efficient separation of three-phase products from biomass pyrolysis:

[0034] S1: Raw material preparation:

[0035] The biomass feedstock is pretreated, such as by crushing and drying, to ensure that its particle size and moisture content meet the requirements of the pyrolysis reaction. The pretreated biomass feedstock is then fed into the slide rail type tubular furnace 11 via a conveying device.

[0036] S2: Thermal decomposition reaction:

[0037] Start the sliding tube furnace 11 and raise the temperature inside the sliding tube furnace 11 to the set pyrolysis temperature (e.g., 400-600℃). Under an oxygen-free or nitrogen-free environment, the biomass feedstock undergoes a thermal pyrolysis reaction inside the sliding tube furnace 11 to generate a mixed product containing gas, liquid and solid particles.

[0038] S3: Gas cooling and liquid separation:

[0039] The gas and liquid generated by thermal decomposition enter the serpentine condenser 21 from the sliding tube furnace 11, which lowers the gas temperature to a certain level, causing some water vapor and condensable organic vapor to begin to condense, and storing the liquid phase components in the liquid phase collection bottle 22 (of course, the liquid phase collection bottle 22 will also contain a certain amount of solid particles).

[0040] S4: Gas detection:

[0041] The gas components in the mixed product are detected by an online infrared gas analyzer 31, enabling the identification of CO, CO2, CH4, H2, and C in the gas. n H m After accurate detection of the gas components, the alcohol-soluble gas components in the gas phase are absorbed by the ethanol solution in the ethanol solution bottle 41, and the water-soluble gas components in the gas phase are absorbed by the aqueous solution in the aqueous solution bottle 42. The purified exhaust gas can be directly discharged into the air.

[0042] S5: Solids Collection and Processing

[0043] The solid material in the quartz boat inside the sliding tube furnace 11 is collected and removed. The solid product can be further processed and utilized as needed, such as for soil improvement and preparation of adsorbent materials.

[0044] Therefore, the above-disclosed embodiments are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this utility model or its equivalents are included in this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for efficient separation of three-phase products from biomass pyrolysis, characterized in that: include: The pyrolysis assembly (10) includes a slide rail tube furnace (11), through which the biomass feedstock is heated to a set pyrolysis temperature, and the biomass feedstock undergoes a pyrolysis reaction to generate a mixture of gas, liquid and solid particles. Cooling assembly (20) includes a serpentine condenser (21) and a liquid phase collection bottle (22). The serpentine condenser (21) separates the liquid phase components in the mixture and stores them in the liquid phase collection bottle (22). The detection component (30) includes an online infrared gas analyzer (31) for detecting the gas components in the mixed product. The purification component (40) includes an ethanol solution bottle (41) and an aqueous solution bottle (42). The ethanol solution in the ethanol solution bottle (41) absorbs alcohol-soluble gas components in the gas phase, and the aqueous solution in the aqueous solution bottle (42) absorbs water-soluble gas components in the gas phase.

2. The apparatus for efficient separation of three-phase products from biomass pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: A nitrogen cylinder (12) is provided next to the sliding tube furnace (11), and the nitrogen cylinder (12) is connected to the furnace cavity of the sliding tube furnace (11) through a pipe.

3. The apparatus for efficient separation of three-phase products from biomass pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid phase collection bottle (22) is provided with a cooling tank (23) below it. The cooling tank (23) contains anhydrous ethanol solution at -10°C. The liquid phase collection bottle (22) is immersed in the anhydrous ethanol solution.

4. The apparatus for efficient separation of three-phase products from biomass pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The serpentine condenser (21) and the online infrared gas analyzer (31) are connected by a pipeline to a gas drying bottle one (32), a gas drying bottle two (33), and a gas drying bottle three (34).

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