Composite combined heat and power generator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a compound type cogeneration device in the technical field of heating power generation equipment, which comprises a fixed tube sheet type heat exchanger, a turbine generator and an ejector, the fixed tube sheet type heat exchanger comprises a sealing head, a tube box shell ring, a tube sheet, a heat exchange tube and a shell, a partition plate is arranged in the fixed tube sheet type heat exchanger, and the turbine generator is arranged in the shell. The partition plates are used for dividing an inner cavity of the fixed tube plate type heat exchanger into a generation cavity, a medium-pressure evaporation cavity, a high-pressure evaporation cavity and a high-pressure absorption cavity. The medium-pressure evaporation cavity utilizes recycled heat to heat a liquid refrigerant discharged by the generation cavity, the liquid refrigerant is used for driving the turbine generator to work for power generation after phase change, the high-pressure absorption cavity utilizes external barren liquor to be mixed with a gaseous refrigerant discharged by the ejector for heating, the equipment has the two functions of power generation and heating at the same time, and the energy consumption is reduced. And an external heat source sequentially passes through the medium-pressure evaporation cavity and the high-pressure evaporation cavity to absorb heat, so that the heat in the heat source is fully utilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of heating and power generation equipment technology, specifically a composite cogeneration device. Background Technology

[0002] During industrial production, a large amount of medium and low temperature waste heat is directly discharged into the environment, causing serious energy waste. At present, industrial waste heat recovery mainly uses a single heat exchanger or steam generator for simple heat energy conversion, which can only achieve heating or drive simple power generation devices. It cannot perform temperature matching and cascade utilization of waste heat, resulting in a large amount of medium and low temperature waste heat not being fully recovered. Moreover, traditional waste heat recovery systems often can only achieve single-function output (such as heating only or power generation only), which is relatively simple. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite cogeneration unit to solve the problem mentioned in the background art where a large amount of medium and low temperature waste heat is not fully recovered.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a composite cogeneration unit, comprising: a fixed tube sheet heat exchanger, a turbine generator, and an ejector. The fixed tube sheet heat exchanger includes a head, a tube box section, a tube sheet, heat exchange tubes, and a shell. A partition is provided inside the fixed tube sheet heat exchanger, which is used to divide the inner cavity of the fixed tube sheet heat exchanger into a generating chamber, a medium-pressure evaporation chamber, a high-pressure evaporation chamber, and a high-pressure absorption chamber.

[0005] The medium-pressure evaporator uses an external heat source to convert the liquid refrigerant discharged from the generating chamber into a gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure evaporator uses external liquid refrigerant to recover the heat from the medium-pressure evaporator after its use. The turbine generator uses the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the medium-pressure evaporator to generate electricity. The high-pressure absorption chamber uses external lean liquid mixed with the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the ejector to generate heat.

[0006] Preferably, the shell of the high-pressure absorption chamber is provided with a secondary rich liquid inlet, a gaseous refrigerant inlet, and a rich liquid outlet, and the tube box section of the high-pressure absorption chamber is provided with a heat transfer agent inlet and outlet.

[0007] The shell of the high-pressure evaporator is provided with a liquid refrigerant inlet and a gaseous refrigerant outlet, and the tube box section of the high-pressure evaporator is provided with a heat source inlet and outlet.

[0008] The shell of the medium-pressure evaporator is provided with a liquid refrigerant inlet and a gaseous refrigerant outlet, and the tube box section of the medium-pressure evaporator is provided with a heat source inlet and outlet.

[0009] The shell of the generating chamber is provided with a rich liquid inlet, a gaseous refrigerant outlet, and a secondary rich liquid outlet, and the tube box section of the generating chamber is provided with a gaseous refrigerant inlet and outlet.

[0010] Preferably, the combined heat and power unit further includes a pressure reducing valve and an expansion valve. The pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of the rich liquid introduced from the high-pressure absorption chamber into the generating chamber, and the expansion valve is used to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant introduced from the generating chamber into the medium-pressure evaporation chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the generating chamber, the medium-pressure evaporation chamber, the high-pressure evaporation chamber, and the high-pressure absorption chamber are all equipped with liquid distribution components located above the heat exchange tubes.

[0012] Preferably, the partition is cross-shaped and has an insulation layer.

[0013] Preferably, the ejector includes a diffuser tube, a buffer tube, a reducer tube, a mixing chamber, and an inlet chamber connected sequentially from top to bottom. The inlet chamber is provided with a nozzle, a variable diameter section, and a straight section. The straight section is connected to the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet of the high-pressure evaporation chamber, and the diffuser tube is connected to the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure absorption chamber.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. The medium-pressure evaporation chamber uses the recovered heat to heat the liquid refrigerant discharged from the generator chamber, causing it to undergo a phase change and then be used to drive the turbine generator to generate electricity. The high-pressure absorption chamber uses the external lean liquid to mix with the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the ejector for heating, so that the equipment has both power generation and heating functions at the same time. Furthermore, the external heat source is absorbed by the medium-pressure evaporation chamber and the high-pressure evaporation chamber in sequence, so that the heat in the heat source is fully utilized.

[0016] 2. The generating chamber, medium-pressure evaporation chamber, high-pressure evaporation chamber and high-pressure absorption chamber are integrated into a fixed tube sheet heat exchanger. The fixed tube sheet heat exchanger, turbine generator, ejector, pressure reducing valve and expansion valve form a composite cogeneration unit to reduce the size of the equipment, reduce the space occupied by the equipment, and also reduce the cost of equipment and pipelines. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composite cogeneration device of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the CC direction;

[0019] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 Diagram of the AA direction;

[0020] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 1 Diagram of the BB direction.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 2. Tube box section; 3. Heat exchange tube; 4. Baffle; 5. Liquid distribution assembly; 6. Generating chamber; 7. Medium-pressure evaporation chamber; 8. High-pressure evaporation chamber; 9. High-pressure absorption chamber; 10. Turbine generator; 11. Ejector; 111. Diffuser; 112. Buffer tube; 113. Reducing diameter tube; 114. Mixing chamber; 115. Nozzle; 116. Inlet chamber; 117. Variable diameter section; 118. Straight section; 12. Pressure reducing valve; 13. Expansion valve. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A composite cogeneration unit includes: a fixed tube sheet heat exchanger, a turbine generator 10, an ejector 11, a pressure reducing valve 12, and an expansion valve 13; the fixed tube sheet heat exchanger includes a head, a tube box section 2, a tube sheet, heat exchange tubes 3, and a shell 1; a partition 4 is provided in the inner cavity of the fixed tube sheet heat exchanger, the partition 4 is cross-shaped (the partition 4 is provided with an insulation layer, which can be ceramic fiber); the partition 4 is used to divide the inner cavity of the fixed tube sheet heat exchanger into a generating chamber 6, a medium-pressure evaporation chamber 7, a high-pressure evaporation chamber 8, and a high-pressure absorption chamber 9.

[0025] The high-pressure absorption chamber 9 has a liquid distribution assembly 5 (including a spray pipe and a nozzle) installed in the inner cavity of the shell 1. The shell 1 of the high-pressure absorption chamber 9 is provided with a secondary rich liquid inlet, a gaseous refrigerant inlet and a rich liquid outlet. The secondary rich liquid inlet is connected to the inlet of the liquid distribution assembly 5 through a pipe. The gaseous refrigerant inlet is connected to the outlet of the ejector 11 through a pipe. The rich liquid outlet is connected to the second pressure reducing valve 12 through a pipe. The two tube box sections 2 of the high-pressure absorption chamber 9 are respectively provided with a heat transfer agent inlet and a heat transfer agent outlet.

[0026] The inner cavity of the shell 1 of the high-pressure evaporation chamber 8 is provided with a liquid distribution assembly 5 (including a spray pipe and a nozzle). The shell 1 of the high-pressure evaporation chamber 8 is provided with a liquid refrigerant inlet and a gaseous refrigerant outlet. The liquid refrigerant inlet is connected to the inlet of the liquid distribution assembly 5 through a pipe, and the gaseous refrigerant outlet is connected to the inlet of the ejector 11 through a pipe. The two tube box sections 2 of the high-pressure evaporation chamber 8 are respectively provided with a heat source inlet and a heat source outlet.

[0027] The inner cavity of the shell 1 of the medium-pressure evaporator 7 is provided with a liquid distribution assembly 5 (including a spray pipe and a nozzle). The shell 1 of the medium-pressure evaporator 7 is provided with a liquid refrigerant inlet and a gaseous refrigerant outlet. The liquid refrigerant inlet is connected to the expansion valve 13 through a pipe, and the gaseous refrigerant outlet is connected to the inlet of the turbine generator 10 through a pipe. The two tube box sections 2 of the medium-pressure evaporator 7 are respectively provided with a heat source outlet and a heat source inlet. The heat source outlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 7 is connected to the heat source inlet of the high-pressure evaporator 8 through a pipe.

[0028] The inner cavity of the housing 1 of the generating chamber 6 is provided with a liquid distribution assembly 5 (including a spray pipe and a nozzle). The housing 1 of the generating chamber 6 is provided with a rich liquid inlet, a gaseous refrigerant outlet and a secondary rich liquid outlet. The rich liquid inlet is connected to the pressure reducing valve 12 through a pipe. The two pipe box sections 2 of the generating chamber 6 are respectively provided with a gaseous refrigerant inlet and a liquid refrigerant outlet. The liquid refrigerant outlet is connected to the expansion valve 13 through a pipe.

[0029] It should be noted that the liquid distribution assembly 5 is located above the heat exchange tube 3.

[0030] Working principle:

[0031] The heat source (the heat source is the gaseous refrigerant generated by the external generator; the heat source that needs to be recovered first enters the external generator to recover part of the heat, and the gaseous refrigerant generated in this process is introduced into the generating chamber 6 as a heat source, while the used heat source is introduced into the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 7 for continued use) enters the heat exchange tube 3 of the generating chamber 6, heats the medium-pressure rich liquid that enters the shell 1 of the generating chamber 6 and is sprayed onto the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 3 through the liquid distribution assembly 5, and causes part of the refrigerant in the medium-pressure rich liquid to be desorbed and become medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant (this medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant can be introduced into the external condenser for circulation and use for refrigeration);

[0032] The medium- and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which serves as a heat source, is absorbed and condensed into a medium- and high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the heat exchange tube 3 of the generating chamber 6. It is then depressurized by the expansion valve 13 to become a medium-pressure liquid refrigerant, which enters the shell 1 of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 7 and is sprayed onto the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 3 through the liquid distribution assembly 5. It is heated by the heat source (which can come from the heat source after the external generator has been used) and becomes a medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the turbine generator 10 to drive it to work and generate electricity, while it itself becomes medium-pressure exhaust gas.

[0033] The medium- and high-pressure rich liquid that is heated and decomposed in the shell 1 of the generating chamber 6 is discharged after becoming a medium- and high-pressure secondary rich liquid (the medium- and high-pressure secondary rich liquid can provide rich liquid for external generators).

[0034] High-pressure liquid refrigerant from the outside (which can come from an external condenser) enters the shell 1 of the high-pressure evaporation chamber 8 and is sprayed onto the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 3 through the liquid distribution assembly 5. It is heated by the heat source in the heat exchange tube 3 (from the heat exchange tube 3 of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 7) and becomes high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the ejector 11, which ejects the medium-pressure exhaust gas from the turbine generator 10, and then enters the shell 1 of the high-pressure absorption chamber 9.

[0035] The high-pressure rich liquid from the outside enters the shell 1 of the high-pressure absorption chamber 9 and is sprayed onto the outer surface of the heat exchange tube 3 through the liquid distribution assembly 5. It absorbs the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the ejector 11 and becomes high-pressure rich liquid. The heat released during the absorption process is carried away by the heat transfer medium (the heat transfer medium provides heat from the outside). The high-pressure rich liquid flows out of the shell 1 of the high-pressure absorption chamber 9, is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 12 and becomes medium-high pressure rich liquid, and then enters the shell 1 of the generating chamber 6.

[0036] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 2 The ejector 11 includes a diffuser 111, a buffer tube 112, a reducer 113, a mixing chamber 114, and an inlet chamber 116 connected from top to bottom. The inlet chamber 116 is provided with a nozzle 115, a variable diameter section 117, and a straight section 118. The straight section 118 is connected to the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet of the high-pressure evaporation chamber 8, and the diffuser 111 is connected to the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure absorption chamber 9.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A combined heat and power (CHP) unit, comprising: A fixed tube sheet heat exchanger, a turbine generator (10) and an ejector (11) are characterized in that: the fixed tube sheet heat exchanger includes a head, a tube box section (2), a tube sheet, heat exchange tubes (3) and a shell (1), and a partition (4) is provided inside the fixed tube sheet heat exchanger. The partition (4) is used to divide the inner cavity of the fixed tube sheet heat exchanger into a generating cavity (6), a medium-pressure evaporation cavity (7), a high-pressure evaporation cavity (8) and a high-pressure absorption cavity (9); The medium-pressure evaporator (7) uses an external heat source to convert the liquid refrigerant discharged from the generating chamber (6) into a gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure evaporator (8) uses an external liquid refrigerant to recover the heat source heat after the medium-pressure evaporator (7) has been used. The turbine generator (10) uses the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the medium-pressure evaporator (7) to generate electricity. The high-pressure absorption chamber (9) uses the external lean liquid to mix with the gaseous refrigerant discharged from the ejector (11) to generate heat.

2. The composite cogeneration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) of the high-pressure absorption chamber (9) is provided with a secondary rich liquid inlet, a gaseous refrigerant inlet, and a rich liquid outlet. The tube box section (2) of the high-pressure absorption chamber (9) is provided with a heat transfer agent inlet and outlet. The shell (1) of the high-pressure evaporation chamber (8) is provided with a liquid refrigerant inlet and a gaseous refrigerant outlet, and the tube box section (2) of the high-pressure evaporation chamber (8) is provided with a heat source inlet and outlet. The shell (1) of the medium-pressure evaporator (7) is provided with a liquid refrigerant inlet and a gaseous refrigerant outlet, and the tube box section (2) of the medium-pressure evaporator (7) is provided with a heat source inlet and outlet; The shell (1) of the generating chamber (6) is provided with a rich liquid inlet, a gaseous refrigerant outlet and a secondary rich liquid outlet, and the tube box section (2) of the generating chamber (6) is provided with a gaseous refrigerant inlet and outlet.

3. The composite cogeneration unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The combined heat and power plant also includes a pressure reducing valve (12) and an expansion valve (13). The pressure reducing valve (12) is used to reduce the pressure of the rich liquid introduced from the high-pressure absorption chamber (9) into the generating chamber (6), and the expansion valve (13) is used to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant introduced from the generating chamber (6) into the medium-pressure evaporation chamber (7).

4. A combined heat and power generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generating chamber (6), the medium-pressure evaporation chamber (7), the high-pressure evaporation chamber (8) and the high-pressure absorption chamber (9) are all equipped with liquid distribution components (5) located above the heat exchange tube (3) in the shell (1).

5. A combined heat and power generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition (4) is cross-shaped and has an insulation layer.

6. A combined heat and power generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ejector (11) includes a diffuser (111), a buffer tube (112), a reducer (113), a mixing chamber (114), and an inlet chamber (116) connected from top to bottom. The inlet chamber (116) is provided with a nozzle (115), a variable diameter section (117), and a straight section (118). The straight section (118) is connected to the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet of the high-pressure evaporation chamber (8), and the diffuser (111) is connected to the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure absorption chamber (9).

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