Heating and feeding device for gear forging line

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of transmission part manufacturing, in particular to a heating and feeding device for a gear forging line, which comprises a support I, a support II and a preheating conveyor belt, two ends of the preheating conveyor belt are fixed on the support I and the support II, a heating module is arranged above the preheating conveyor belt, and the preheating conveyor belt is fixed on the support II. The heating module is used for preheating the short cylindrical blanks on the preheating conveyor belt; the device has the advantages that the conveying belt equipment before entering the furnace is arranged, and the heating module is arranged on the conveying belt, so that blanks can be uniformly preheated before entering the furnace, and the heating time in the heating furnace can be shortened; moreover, for some materials, the temperature gradient between the surface and the core is too large due to rapid heating, cracking is easily caused, the temperature difference between the blank and the interior of the high-temperature furnace can be reduced through preheating, the temperature of the blank can be increased more evenly after the blank enters the high-temperature furnace, and therefore thermal stress caused by the temperature difference between the interior and the exterior is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of transmission component manufacturing, and in particular to a heating and feeding device for a gear forging line. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of industrial transfer and the development of my country's high-end equipment manufacturing industry, some domestic forging enterprises have made great progress in forging technology, forging equipment level and forging capacity by absorbing and introducing technology, strengthening R&D cooperation and technology accumulation.

[0003] However, current gear forging production lines still have the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. Gear forging production generally includes five processes: billet preparation (using a saw to cut long cylindrical billets into short cylindrical shapes), billet heating (heating temperature is usually between 1000℃ and 1250℃), forging, and cooling. Most forging production lines are still in the manual production stage, with only some equipment on the production line entering the automated production stage. In the manual forging production process, the handling of materials between equipment must be done manually. Although this operation method is more flexible, the labor intensity of workers is very high, and they also face occupational hazards such as high temperature, noise, and dust.

[0005] 2. The gear is heated before forging, usually in a heating furnace, as described in patent 201821376496.2, but this process requires a long time to go from room temperature to the set temperature;

[0006] 3. Forging includes several steps: upsetting, pre-forming (which may be added or removed depending on process requirements), and final forging. These three processes need to be completed in three stations. Maintaining the temperature is a critical factor. If the billet experiences a significant temperature drop during station transfer, it needs to be reheated in the furnace. Therefore, additional heating furnaces and holding furnaces are configured near the forging equipment. In addition, the forging pressure will vary for different materials. Currently, a fixed model of oil pump is used to drive the hydraulic cylinder for forging, and the upper limit of the forging pressure is difficult to change. This makes it impossible to meet the demand for a small number of high-pressure forging orders in a timely manner.

[0007] 4. Currently, the workshop usually uses natural cooling or medium (water, oil or other media) cooling to cool the forged gears. Natural cooling is simple and easy to implement, but the cooling rate is relatively slow. Moreover, the high temperature of the forged gears (generally around 1000℃) poses a great danger when workers, especially those not involved in the workshop, move around in the workshop. Medium cooling, on the other hand, requires careful control of the cooling rate and needs to be operated by experienced workers, resulting in higher labor costs.

[0008] The applicant intends to improve the production line in the existing factory building. The first thing that needs to be solved is the feeding and preheating device for the billet before it enters the heating furnace. Based on this, this case is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heating and feeding device for gear forging lines, which is used to preheat the billet before it enters the heating furnace.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0011] A heating and feeding device for a gear forging line includes a support 1, a support 2, and a preheating conveyor belt. The two ends of the preheating conveyor belt are fixed on the support 1 and the support 2. A heating module is provided above the preheating conveyor belt. The heating module is used to preheat the short cylindrical billet on the preheating conveyor belt.

[0012] The conveyor belt equipment before entering the furnace includes a fixed seat 1, a fixed seat 2, and a preheating hydraulic cylinder. The fixed seat 1 is located below the support 1 and is hinged to the support 1. The preheating hydraulic cylinder is located below the support 2 and the fixed seat 2 is located below the preheating hydraulic cylinder. The piston rod end of the preheating hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the support 2, and the cylinder body end of the preheating hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the fixed seat 2.

[0013] Furthermore, the heating module is an infrared heating module.

[0014] Furthermore, the preheating conveyor belt is a conveyor belt with cross diaphragms.

[0015] Furthermore, the preheating conveyor belt is equipped with an insulated enclosure.

[0016] Furthermore, the conveyor belt surface, cross diaphragms, and inner wall of the insulation enclosure for preheating are all covered with a reflective layer.

[0017] The advantages of this invention are as follows: By setting up a conveyor belt device before entering the furnace and installing a heating module on the conveyor belt, the billet can be preheated evenly before entering the furnace, which can reduce the heating time in the furnace. Furthermore, for some materials, rapid heating may lead to an excessive temperature gradient between the surface and the core, which can easily cause cracking. Preheating can reduce the temperature difference between the billet and the high-temperature furnace, allowing the billet to heat up more evenly after entering the high-temperature furnace, thereby reducing the thermal stress caused by the internal and external temperature difference. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the gear forging production line in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conveyor belt equipment before entering the furnace in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the state of the preheating conveyor belt after it has been raised and tilted.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the state of the preheating conveyor belt after it has been lowered and tilted.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the forging equipment in the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a forging press for upsetting, forging press for preforming, or forging press for final forging.

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Hydraulic control principle diagram of medium forging press;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling device in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the conveyor belt surface for intermediate cooling;

[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the front section of the intermediate cooling equipment tank;

[0028] Figure 11 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle section of the intermediate cooling tank;

[0029] Figure 12 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling tank in the intermediate cooling equipment;

[0030] Figure 13 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the rear section of the intermediate cooling equipment tank;

[0031] Label Explanation

[0032] 1. Sawing machine;

[0033] 2. Conveyor belt equipment before furnace entry; 201. Fixed seat one; 202. Fixed seat two; 203. Support one; 204. Support two; 205. Conveyor belt for preheating; 206. Infrared heating module; 207. Hydraulic cylinder for preheating; 208. Insulation enclosure;

[0034] 3. Robotic arm before furnace loading; 4. Heating furnace; 5. Robotic arm before forging;

[0035] 6. Forging equipment; 601. Conveyor belt before forging; 602. Robotic arm before upsetting; 603. Forging press for upsetting; 604. Robotic arm before preforming; 605. Forging press for preforming; 606. Robotic arm before final forging; 607. Forging press for final forging; 608. Robotic arm after final forging; 609. Conveyor belt after forging; 610. Hydraulic cylinder for upsetting; 611. Hydraulic cylinder for preforming; 612. Hydraulic cylinder for final forging; 613. Frame; 614. Moving die; 615. 616. Fixed mold; 617. Resistance heating module; 618. Insulation board; 619. Insulation chamber; 620. Insulation enclosure; 621. Main oil tank; 622. Upsetting oil pump; 623. Preforming oil pump; 624. Final forging oil pump; 625. Upsetting filter; 626. Preforming filter; 627. Final forging filter; 628. Upsetting solenoid directional valve; 629. Preforming solenoid directional valve; 630. Relief valve;

[0036] 7. Forged robotic arm;

[0037] 8. Cooling equipment; 801. Horizontal linear conveyor belt; 802. Cooling fan; 803. Suction duct; 804. Drying fan; 805. Liquid receiving tank; 806. Cooling tank; 807. Zigzag conveyor belt; 808. Brush; 809. Temperature sensor; 810. Drain outlet; 811. Inlet.

[0038] 9. Raw materials. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" etc. indicated by the accompanying drawings are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0040] This embodiment proposes a gear forging production line, such as Figure 1 As shown, the forging process includes, in sequence, a sawing machine 1, a conveyor belt device before entering the furnace 2, a robotic arm before entering the furnace 3, a heating furnace 4, a robotic arm before forging 5, a forging pressing device 6, a robotic arm after forging 7, and a cooling device 8.

[0041] The saw 1 is used to cut long cylindrical billets into short cylindrical billets. The short cylindrical billets output by the saw 1 are at room temperature. No robotic arm needs to be installed here. The output short cylindrical billets are sorted by hand and placed one by one into the conveyor belt equipment 2 before entering the furnace.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the preheating conveyor belt device 2 includes a first support 203, a second support 204, and a preheating conveyor belt 205. The seats at both ends of the preheating conveyor belt 205 are fixed on the first support 203 and the second support 204. A heating module 206 is provided above the preheating conveyor belt 205. The heating module 206 is used to preheat the short cylindrical billet on the preheating conveyor belt 205. Billet preheating can reduce the heating time in the heating furnace 4. For some materials, rapid heating may lead to an excessive temperature gradient between the surface and the core, which can easily cause cracking. By preheating, the temperature difference between the billet and the high-temperature furnace can be reduced, allowing the billet to heat up more evenly after entering the high-temperature furnace, thereby reducing the thermal stress caused by the internal and external temperature difference.

[0043] However, preheating also needs to ensure that the billet temperature rises evenly. Figure 2 In this design, the heating module 206 is positioned above the conveyor belt. If the billet is not rotated, uneven preheating will occur. To address this defect, this application proposes a structural improvement. The preheating heating module 206 is an infrared heating module, which directly heats the billet using infrared radiation. Of course, electromagnetic induction heating, resistance heating, or nozzle-type flame heating can also be used. The improved structure for uniform preheating in this application is specifically for the infrared heating module 206, as described below.

[0044] The preheating conveyor belt device 2 also includes a fixed seat 1 201, a fixed seat 202, and a preheating hydraulic cylinder 207. The fixed seat 1 201 is located below the support 1 203, and the support 1 203 is hinged to the fixed seat 1 201. The preheating hydraulic cylinder 207 is located below the support 2 204, and the fixed seat 202 is located below the preheating hydraulic cylinder 207. The piston rod end of the preheating hydraulic cylinder 207 is hinged to the support 2 204, and the cylinder body end of the preheating hydraulic cylinder 207 is hinged to the fixed seat 2 202. The preheating conveyor belt 205 is a conveyor belt with cross diaphragms. An insulation barrier 208 is provided outside the preheating conveyor belt 205, and the belt surface, cross diaphragms, and inner wall of the insulation barrier 208 are all covered with a reflective layer. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the preheating hydraulic cylinder 207 can tilt the preheating conveyor belt 205 upwards or downwards, causing the short cylindrical blanks on the conveyor belt 205 to rotate back and forth between two adjacent transverse partitions, thus achieving uniform heating. The design of the insulation enclosure 208 reduces the loss of radiant heat, while the design of the reflective layer further improves the utilization rate of radiant heat. The design of the transverse partitions allows for the placement of only one short cylindrical blank between two adjacent transverse partitions, and the short cylindrical blanks can only roll back and forth within a small distance between the two transverse partitions. Furthermore, the lifting frequency of the preheating hydraulic cylinder 207 can be adjusted according to actual needs to avoid excessively fast or slow lifting frequencies.

[0045] The pre-furnace robotic arm 3 is used to transfer the short cylindrical billet from the output side of the pre-furnace conveyor belt device 2 to the input end of the heating furnace 4. The heating furnace 4 is used to heat the fed short cylindrical billet to the required forging temperature. The heating furnace 4 can adopt the heating furnace structure described in patent 201821376496.2, which facilitates the loading and unloading of the billet and can cooperate well with the robotic arm. The pre-forging robotic arm 5 is used to transfer the heated short cylindrical billet to the input end of the forging equipment 6.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, the forging equipment 6 includes a pre-forging conveyor belt 601, a pre-upsetting robotic arm 602, a forging press for upsetting 603, a pre-preforming robotic arm 604, a pre-preforming forging press 605, a pre-final forging robotic arm 606, a final forging forging press 607, a post-final forging robotic arm 608, and a post-forging conveyor belt 609. The pre-forging robotic arm 5 is used to transfer the heated short cylindrical billet to the pre-forging conveyor belt 601. The pre-upsetting robotic arm 602 is used to transfer the short cylindrical billet on the pre-forging conveyor belt 601 to the upsetting forging press 603 for upsetting. The pre-pre-forming robotic arm 604 is used to transfer the upset billet to the pre-forming forging press 605 for pre-forming. The pre-final forging robotic arm 606 is used to transfer the pre-formed billet to the final forging forging press 607. The post-final forging robotic arm 608 is used to transfer the final forged gear product to the post-forging conveyor belt 609. The post-forging robotic arm 7 is used to transfer the gear product on the post-forging conveyor belt 609 to the input end of the cooling device 8.

[0047] The forging press 603 for upsetting, the forging press 605 for preforming, and the forging press 607 for final forging are basically the same in structure, but the die design and pressure settings differ for different processes. For example... Figure 6As shown, the upsetting forging press 603, the preforming forging press 605, and the final forging forging press 607 all include a frame 613, a forging hydraulic cylinder mounted on the frame 613, a moving die 614 mounted on the piston rod end of the forging hydraulic cylinder, and a fixed die 615 mounted on the frame 613 and located directly below the moving die 614. In this embodiment, a resistance heating module 616 is embedded in the base and side wall of the fixed die 615, and a heat insulation plate 617 is installed on the outer periphery of the fixed die 615 on the frame 613, so as to achieve heating and heat preservation while forging, reduce heat loss of the billet in the die, ensure the smooth progress of the forging process and the quality and performance of the final product. Furthermore, the forging equipment 6 includes a heat preservation chamber 618. The front longitudinal end of the heat preservation chamber 618 has an input port for the pre-forging conveyor belt 601 to enter only, and the rear longitudinal end of the heat preservation chamber 618 has an output port for the post-forging conveyor belt 609 to enter only. All other components of the forging equipment are housed within the heat preservation chamber 618. An insulation enclosure 619 is provided around the portion of the pre-forging conveyor belt 601 located outside the heat preservation chamber 618. The design of the heat preservation chamber 618 and the insulation enclosure 619 further reduces heat loss from the heated billet. Of course, a door for personnel access is also required on one side of the heat preservation chamber 618.

[0048] like Figure 7As shown, the forging equipment 6 includes a hydraulic control system, which includes a main oil tank 620, an upsetting oil pump 621, a preforming oil pump 622, a final forging oil pump 623, an upsetting filter 624, a preforming filter 625, a final forging filter 626, an upsetting solenoid directional valve 627, a preforming solenoid directional valve 628, and a final forging solenoid directional valve 629. The forging hydraulic cylinders are defined as follows, according to the upsetting, preforming, and final forging processes: upsetting hydraulic cylinder 610, preforming hydraulic cylinder 611, and final forging hydraulic cylinder 612, respectively. The main oil tank 620 is connected to the upsetting oil pump 621, the upsetting oil pump 621 is connected to the upsetting filter 624, the upsetting filter 624 is connected to the upsetting solenoid directional valve 627, and the upsetting solenoid directional valve 627 is connected to the upsetting hydraulic cylinder 610 via oil pipes A. The main oil tank 620 is connected to the preforming oil pump 622, the preforming... The preforming oil pump 622 is connected to the preforming filter 625, the preforming filter 625 is connected to the preforming solenoid directional valve 628, and the preforming solenoid directional valve 628 is connected to the preforming hydraulic cylinder 611 via oil pipe B; the main oil tank 620 is connected to the final forging oil pump 623, the final forging oil pump 623 is connected to the final forging filter 626, the final forging filter 626 is connected to the final forging solenoid directional valve 629, and the final forging solenoid directional valve 629 is connected to the final forging hydraulic cylinder 612 via oil pipe C. Oil pipe A, located between the upsetting solenoid directional valve 627 and the upsetting hydraulic cylinder 610, includes oil pipe 1A connected to the upper inlet of the hydraulic cylinder and oil pipe 2A connected to the lower inlet of the hydraulic cylinder; oil pipe B, located between the preforming solenoid directional valve 628 and the preforming hydraulic cylinder 611, includes oil pipe 1B connected to the upper inlet of the hydraulic cylinder and oil pipe 2B connected to the lower inlet of the hydraulic cylinder; oil pipe C, located between the final forging solenoid directional valve 629 and the final forging hydraulic cylinder 612, includes oil pipe 1C connected to the upper inlet of the hydraulic cylinder and oil pipe 2C connected to the lower inlet of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0049] Furthermore, a connecting pipe is provided between oil pipe 1A and oil pipe 1B, and an electric butterfly valve AB1 is installed on the connecting pipe; a connecting pipe is provided between oil pipe 2A and oil pipe 2B, and an electric butterfly valve AB2 is installed on the connecting pipe; a connecting pipe is provided between oil pipe 1C and oil pipe 1B, and an electric butterfly valve CB1 is installed on the connecting pipe; a connecting pipe is provided between oil pipe 2C and oil pipe 2B, and an electric butterfly valve CB2 is installed on the connecting pipe. The connection point of the connecting pipe and oil pipe B is located on the side near the preforming solenoid directional valve 628. Electric butterfly valves BB are installed on both oil pipe 1B and oil pipe 2B, and the electric butterfly valves BB are located on the side near the preforming hydraulic cylinder 611. An overflow valve 630 is installed on oil pipes A, B, and C.

[0050] The hydraulic control is explained using oil pipe A as an example. The upsetting oil pump 621 is pneumatic, drawing hydraulic oil from the main oil tank 620. After being filtered by the upsetting filter 624, the oil reaches the upsetting solenoid directional valve 627. The upsetting hydraulic cylinder 610 includes an upper inlet and a lower inlet for hydraulic oil. When hydraulic oil enters the upper inlet, the piston rod is pushed out, merging the moving mold 614 and the fixed mold 615. When hydraulic oil enters the lower inlet, the piston rod is retracted, separating the moving mold 614 and the fixed mold 615. The upsetting solenoid directional valve 627 controls the flow of hydraulic oil into oil pipe 1A or oil pipe 2A, thus controlling the piston movement of the piston rod. When the pressure of the upsetting oil pump 621 is insufficient, the two electric butterfly valves BB can be closed, the preforming oil pump 622 can be opened, and the opening and closing of the electric butterfly valves AB1 and AB2 can be controlled at the same time so that the hydraulic pressure generated by the preforming oil pump 622 can be shared with the upsetting hydraulic cylinder 610.

[0051] The hydraulic systems of the three forging presses are independent yet connected via connecting pipes and electric butterfly valves, allowing for hydraulic sharing under specific conditions and increasing the flexibility of the hydraulic system. In addition, the arrangement of multiple relief valves 630 ensures the safety of the system and prevents damage caused by overpressure.

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, the cooling device 8 includes a front section, a middle section, and a rear section.

[0053] like Figure 9 and 10 As shown, the front section of the trough includes a horizontal straight conveyor belt 801 and a cooling fan 802 located above the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt has a metal mesh surface with partitions, and a suction duct 803 connected to the suction fan is provided below the conveyor belt. The cooling fan 802 air-cools the high-temperature gear products located on the horizontal straight conveyor belt 801 in the front section of the trough, and the heat generated by the air cooling (including some dust and impurities) is drawn into the suction duct 803.

[0054] like Figure 9 and Figure 13 As shown, the rear section of the tank includes a horizontal straight conveyor belt 801 and a drying fan 804 located above the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt has a metal mesh surface with partitions, and a liquid receiving tank 805 connected to a drain pipe is provided below the conveyor belt. The drying fan 804 dries the liquid-laden gear products located on the horizontal straight conveyor belt 801 at the rear end of the tank, and the liquid blown down by the fan is collected in the liquid receiving tank 805 and discharged.

[0055] like Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the middle section of the tank includes several cooling tanks 806 arranged in a straight line. Each cooling tank 806 is filled with liquid cooling medium. The temperature of the cooling medium in different cooling tanks 806 decreases gradually from the front section to the rear section. A zigzag conveyor belt 807 is installed in each cooling tank 806. The zigzag conveyor belt 807 sequentially includes a downward-sloping section connecting to the conveyor belt in the front or previous cooling tank 806, a horizontal straight section immersed in the cooling medium of the cooling tank 806, and an upward-sloping section connecting to the conveyor belt in the next or rear cooling tank 806. The conveyor belt in the middle section of the tank uses a metal mesh belt with partitions. Each cooling tank 806 includes a tank body, a temperature sensor 809, a drain port 810, an inlet port 811, and valves installed on the drain port 810 and the inlet port 811.

[0056] The cooling equipment 8, through its conveying system and tiered cooling mechanism, not only reduces reliance on manual experience but also effectively prevents product damage due to rapid temperature changes, ensuring product quality. The air-cooled pre-cooling at the front of the tank prepares for subsequent cooling; the multi-stage cooling tank 806 in the middle section ensures the product can smoothly cool from high temperature to the required low temperature; and the air-drying treatment at the rear section ensures the final product's dryness, suitable for subsequent processing or storage. In the middle section, the medium temperature in the cooling tank 806 needs to be maintained within a fixed range. When the temperature sensor 809 detects that the medium temperature is too high or too low, the drain port 810 can be opened to discharge some of the medium from the tank, while the inlet port 811 can be opened to replenish the medium at a normal temperature, thus maintaining the medium temperature in the cooling tank 806 within the set range.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 As shown, a brush 808 is installed in the cooling tank 806 to contact the lower conveyor belt. After the forging is removed from the furnace, it enters the cooling tank 806 via a metal mesh conveyor belt for cooling. During this process, the metal mesh conveyor belt may pick up oxide scale, mold residue, and other impurities from the forging. By installing the brush 808 to contact the lower conveyor belt, the brush 808 cleans the belt surface during the conveyor belt's movement, ensuring the cleanliness of the conveyor belt and extending maintenance time.

[0058] After the gear products have cooled and dried, they can be manually removed and transferred to the next processing workshop for milling, polishing, oiling, and other processes.

[0059] The above embodiments are only used to explain the concept of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection of this utility model. Any non-substantial modifications made to this utility model using this concept should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A heating and feeding device for a gear forging line, characterized in that, It includes support one, support two and preheating conveyor belt. The two ends of the preheating conveyor belt are fixed on support one and support two. A heating module is provided above the preheating conveyor belt. The heating module is used to preheat the short cylindrical blank on the preheating conveyor belt. The conveyor belt equipment before entering the furnace includes a fixed seat 1, a fixed seat 2, and a preheating hydraulic cylinder. The fixed seat 1 is located below the support 1 and is hinged to the support 1. The preheating hydraulic cylinder is located below the support 2 and the fixed seat 2 is located below the preheating hydraulic cylinder. The piston rod end of the preheating hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the support 2, and the cylinder body end of the preheating hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the fixed seat 2.

2. The heating and feeding device for a gear forging line as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heating module is an infrared heating module.

3. The heating and feeding device for a gear forging line as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The preheating conveyor belt is a conveyor belt with cross diaphragms.

4. The heating and feeding device for a gear forging line as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The preheating conveyor belt is surrounded by an insulated enclosure.

5. A heating and feeding device for a gear forging line as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The surface of the preheating conveyor belt, the crossbeams, and the inner wall of the insulated enclosure are all covered with a reflective layer.

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