A wire feeding additive welding constant pressure control device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a constant pressure control device for wire feeding additive welding, belonging to the field of additive welding technology. It includes an additive housing fixed on a vertical slide block, a main shaft rotatably installed within the additive housing, and a welding cutter head fixed at the front end of the main shaft. A piston ring is provided inside the additive housing near the front end of the main shaft, with an annular axial gap between the piston ring and the additive housing. A cutter head sleeve for fitting onto the outside of the welding cutter head is fixed on the lower surface of the piston ring. The cutter head sleeve has a wire feeding hole. A hydraulic channel communicating with the axial gap is provided inside the additive housing. The hydraulic channel penetrates the additive housing and is connected to an oil supply assembly. The oil supply assembly contains a pressure sensing module for monitoring the pressure within the hydraulic channel. This utility model ensures constant pressure during wire feeding additive welding and promptly detects material blockage, thus avoiding welding defects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of additive welding technology, and in particular to a wire feeding additive welding constant pressure control device. Background Technology

[0002] Wire-fed additive welding, also known as "3D printing", is a material forming and manufacturing technology that uses friction stir heating to build solid parts by accumulating metal wires layer by layer based on a three-dimensional computer model. It is widely used in the manufacturing of light alloys such as aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys.

[0003] However, during additive manufacturing, if the wire feeding speed exceeds the welding consumption rate, or if the wire breaks in the feeding channel, the wire will accumulate inside the welding fixture, easily causing material blockage at the welding head. Existing wire-feed additive welding equipment cannot detect the above-mentioned material blockage phenomenon in time, which will cause unevenness on the surface of the welded workpiece, resulting in uneven strength of the weld surface material and affecting the welding quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a wire-feeding additive welding constant pressure control device. This device monitors the pressure and provides timely feedback on the material feeding status within the welding fixture, enabling timely detection of material blockage and preventing welding defects.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A wire-feeding additive welding constant pressure control device includes an additive housing fixed on a vertical slide block, a spindle rotatably installed inside the additive housing, and a welding cutter head fixed at the front end of the spindle. A piston ring is provided inside the additive housing near the front end of the spindle, and there is an annular axial gap between the piston ring and the additive housing. A cutter head sleeve for fitting onto the outside of the welding cutter head is fixed on the lower surface of the piston ring. A wire feeding hole is provided on the cutter head sleeve. A hydraulic channel communicating with the axial gap is provided inside the additive housing. The hydraulic channel penetrates the additive housing and is connected to an oil supply assembly. The oil supply assembly has a pressure sensing module for monitoring the pressure inside the hydraulic channel. The piston ring moves within the axial clearance range along the spindle axis. By introducing hydraulic oil into the axial clearance, when the lower surface of the cutter head sleeve contacts and presses against the workpiece surface, the pressure of the hydraulic oil monitored by the pressure sensing module will increase by a certain value from the initial oil pressure to the constant pressure value to be monitored. During the wire feeding additive welding process, the vertical slide seat rises synchronously with the increase of welding height, and the constant pressure value remains stable. If the pressure suddenly drops, it indicates that the welding height has not increased, the cutter head sleeve has undergone relative displacement, and the welding cutter head is blocked. The pressure sensing module promptly feeds back to the CNC system to stop wire feeding and welding, thereby avoiding the generation of welding defects.

[0007] The additive housing includes an upper connecting sleeve and a lower connecting sleeve that are fixedly connected in sequence along the vertical direction. The piston ring is located between the upper connecting sleeve and the lower connecting sleeve. An upper bearing sleeve is provided inside the upper connecting sleeve, and a lower bearing sleeve is provided inside the lower connecting sleeve. The upper bearing sleeve and the lower bearing sleeve are respectively connected to the main shaft via an upper bearing assembly and a lower bearing assembly. The upper surface of the piston ring is fixedly connected to the upper bearing sleeve, and the lower surface of the piston ring is fixedly connected to the cutter head sleeve via the lower bearing sleeve.

[0008] The additive housing has a stepped portion corresponding to the upper surface of the piston ring and a limiting portion corresponding to the lower surface of the piston ring, and the axial clearance is located between the stepped portion and the piston ring.

[0009] One end of the hydraulic channel corresponds to the stepped portion, and an annular groove is provided on the outer side of the stepped portion. The annular gap formed between the annular groove and the inner surface of the additive housing is connected to the hydraulic channel and the axial gap, respectively.

[0010] The limiting part and the piston ring are connected by an elastic element.

[0011] The elastic element consists of multiple compression springs, evenly arranged circumferentially. Upper and lower cylindrical grooves, corresponding to the positions of the compression springs, are respectively formed on the piston ring and the limiting portion. The sum of the depths of the upper and lower cylindrical grooves is less than the initial height of the compression spring. When hydraulic oil is introduced into the axial clearance, the compression spring provides a buffer force for the downward movement of the corresponding piston ring, reducing the impact force generated by the piston ring on the additive housing.

[0012] The inner surface of the upper connecting sleeve and the outer surface of the upper bearing sleeve are slidably sealed by the upper sealing ring, and the inner surface of the lower connecting sleeve and the outer surface of the piston ring are slidably sealed by the lower sealing ring.

[0013] An inner sealing gasket is provided between the piston ring and the upper bearing sleeve, and an outer sealing gasket is provided between the upper connecting sleeve and the lower connecting sleeve. The sealing ring and the sealing gasket ensure the sealing of the hydraulic oil within the axial clearance, preventing leakage towards the spindle or the additive housing.

[0014] The oil supply assembly includes an oil pump and a pressure regulating valve located in the hydraulic station. The oil pump is connected to the pressure regulating valve and the oil pressure channel in sequence via oil pipes. The pressure sensing module is an electrical contact pressure gauge installed at the outlet of the pressure regulating valve.

[0015] This invention has the following advantages: By setting a piston ring that can move within a certain axial clearance range along the axial direction of the spindle in the pressure boosting housing, and by introducing hydraulic oil into the axial clearance, when the lower surface of the cutter head sleeve contacts and squeezes the workpiece surface, the pressure of the hydraulic oil monitored by the pressure sensing module will increase by a certain value from the initial oil pressure to the constant pressure value to be monitored. During the wire feeding additive welding process, the vertical slide seat rises synchronously with the increase of the welding height, and the constant pressure value remains stable. If the pressure suddenly drops, it indicates that the welding height has not increased and the cutter head sleeve has undergone a downward relative displacement, indicating that the welding cutter head is blocked. The pressure sensing module promptly feeds the signal back to the CNC system to stop wire feeding and welding, thereby avoiding the generation of welding defects. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model installed on a vertical sliding plate base;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the image.

[0020] 1. Vertical slide block base; 2. Drive motor; 201. Drive pulley; 202. Driven pulley; 203. Synchronous belt; 3. Main shaft; 4. Additive housing; 401. Upper connecting sleeve; 4011. Stepped section; 4012. Outer sealing gasket; 4013. Annular groove; 402. Lower connecting sleeve; 4021. Limiting section; 4022. Lower cylindrical groove; 5. Welding cutter head; 6. Piston ring; 601. 602. Upper cylindrical groove; 7. Lower sealing ring; 8. Cutter head sleeve; 9. Wire feeding hole; 10. Axial clearance; 11. Hydraulic channel; 12. Upper sealing ring; 13. Inner sealing gasket; 14. Lower bearing sleeve; 15. Upper bearing assembly; 16. Lower bearing assembly; 17. Compression spring; 18. Hydraulic station; 19. Oil pump; 10. Pressure regulating valve; 11. Electrical contact pressure gauge; 12. CNC system. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of this utility model and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this utility model provides a wire-feeding additive welding constant pressure control device, which is mounted on a vertical slide block 1 on the welding body and can move vertically together with the vertical slide block 1 during welding. It includes an additive housing 4 fixed on the vertical slide block 1, a main shaft 3 rotatably mounted inside the additive housing 4, and a welding cutter head 5 fixed to the front end of the main shaft 3. Specifically, a drive motor 2 is fixedly mounted on the vertical slide block 1, a drive pulley 201 is fixedly fixed to the output end of the drive motor 2, and a driven pulley 202 is fixed to the rear end of the main shaft 3. The drive pulley 201 and the driven pulley 202 are connected by a synchronous belt 203. A piston ring 6 is provided inside the additive housing 4 near the front end of the main shaft 3. An annular axial gap 8 exists between the piston ring 6 and the additive housing 4. A cutter head sleeve 7 is fixed to the lower surface of the piston ring 6 for fitting onto the outside of the welding cutter head 5. A feeding channel is formed between the cutter head sleeve 7 and the welding cutter head 5. A wire feeding hole 701 communicating with the feeding channel is provided on the cutter head sleeve 7. The drive motor 2 drives the main shaft 3 to rotate, thereby driving the welding cutter head 5 to rotate, performing friction stir welding on the wire entering the feeding channel through the wire feeding hole 701. Furthermore, a hydraulic channel 9 communicating with the axial gap 8 is provided inside the additive housing 4. The hydraulic channel 9 penetrates the additive housing 4 and is connected to the oil supply assembly. The oil supply assembly has a monitoring... The pressure sensing module in the hydraulic channel 9; since the piston ring 6 can move within the axial clearance 8 along the axial direction of the spindle 3, hydraulic oil with a certain initial pressure is introduced into the axial clearance 8. When the lower surface of the cutter head sleeve 7 contacts and squeezes the workpiece surface, the pressure of the hydraulic oil monitored by the pressure sensing module will increase by a certain value from the initial oil pressure to the constant pressure value to be monitored. During the wire feeding additive welding process, the vertical slide seat 1 rises synchronously with the increase of welding height, and the constant pressure value remains stable. If the pressure suddenly drops, it indicates that the welding height has not increased and the cutter head sleeve 7 has undergone a downward relative displacement. At this time, it proves that there is material blockage in the welding cutter head 5. The pressure sensing module promptly feeds back the signal to the CNC system 19 to stop wire feeding and welding, thereby avoiding the generation of welding defects.

[0025] The additive housing 4 includes an upper connecting sleeve 401 and a lower connecting sleeve 402 arranged sequentially in a vertical direction. The upper connecting sleeve 401 is bolted to the vertical sliding plate seat 1, and the lower connecting plate seat is bolted to the connecting sleeve. The piston ring 6 is located between the upper connecting sleeve 401 and the lower connecting sleeve 402. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of the upper connecting sleeve 401 has a stepped portion 4011 corresponding to the upper surface of the piston ring 6, and the lower end of the lower connecting sleeve 402 has a limiting portion 4021 corresponding to the lower surface of the piston ring 6. The piston ring 6 is located in the annular region between the stepped portion 4011 and the limiting portion 4021. Further, as... Figure 2As shown, the upper connecting sleeve 401 is provided with an upper bearing sleeve 10, and the lower connecting sleeve 402 is provided with a lower bearing sleeve 11. The maximum outer diameter of the lower bearing sleeve 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting part 4021 of the lower connecting sleeve 402. The upper bearing sleeve 10 and the lower bearing sleeve 11 are connected to the main shaft 3 via the upper bearing assembly 12 and the lower bearing assembly 13, respectively, so that the main shaft 3 can rotate freely relative to the upper bearing sleeve 10 and the lower bearing sleeve 11. The upper surface of the piston ring 6 is fixedly connected to the upper bearing sleeve 10 by bolts, and the lower surface of the piston ring 6 is connected to the cutter head sleeve 7 via the lower bearing sleeve 11. Specifically, the lower bearing sleeve 11 is fixed to the lower surface of the piston ring 6 by bolts, and the cutter head sleeve 7 is fixed to the lower end face of the lower bearing sleeve 11 by bolts.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the axial clearance 8 is located between the stepped portion 4011 and the piston ring 6, as... Figure 2 As shown, the hydraulic channel 9 is located on the lower connecting sleeve 402, with one end corresponding to the outer side of the stepped portion 4011 of the upper connecting sleeve 401, as shown. Figure 3 As shown, an annular groove 4013 is provided on the outer side of the stepped portion 4011. The annular gap formed between the annular groove 4013 and the inner surface of the lower connecting sleeve 402 is connected to the hydraulic channel 9 and the axial gap 8, respectively. Furthermore, the limiting portion 4021 and the piston ring 6 are connected by an elastic element. Specifically, the elastic element is a plurality of compression springs 14. In this embodiment, there are four compression springs 14, which are evenly arranged along the circumference of the piston ring 6. The piston ring 6 and the limiting portion 4021 are respectively provided with upper cylindrical grooves 601 and lower cylindrical grooves 4022 corresponding to the positions of the compression springs 14. Each upper cylindrical groove 601 and each lower cylindrical groove 4022 are connected in sequence to form a cylindrical space for placing the compression springs 14. The sum of the depths of the upper cylindrical grooves 601 and the lower cylindrical grooves 4022 is less than the initial height of the compression springs 14. When hydraulic oil is introduced into the axial clearance 8, the elastic force of the compression spring 14 needs to be overcome first. That is, the compression spring 14 provides a buffer force for the downward movement of the corresponding piston ring 6 to reduce the impact force of the piston ring 6 on the additive housing 4.

[0027] To ensure the sealing within the axial clearance 8 and prevent hydraulic oil from entering the spindle 3 along the sliding gap between the upper connecting sleeve 401 and the upper bearing sleeve 10 and the sliding gap between the lower connecting sleeve 402 and the piston ring 6, thereby contaminating the welding head 5, the inner surface of the upper connecting sleeve 401 and the outer surface of the upper bearing sleeve 10 are slidably sealed by the upper sealing ring 1001, and the inner surface of the lower connecting sleeve 402 and the outer surface of the piston ring 6 are slidably sealed by the lower sealing ring 602. Specifically, sealing grooves are formed on the outer surfaces of the upper bearing sleeve 10 and the piston ring 6, and the upper sealing ring 1001 / lower sealing ring 602 are embedded in the sealing grooves to achieve interference sealing. Similarly, to prevent hydraulic oil from leaking along the hard connection between the piston ring 6 and the upper bearing sleeve 10, and the hard connection between the upper connecting sleeve 401 and the lower connecting sleeve 402, an inner sealing gasket 1002 is provided between the piston ring 6 and the upper bearing sleeve 10, and an outer sealing gasket 4012 is provided between the upper connecting sleeve 401 and the lower connecting sleeve 402.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the oil supply assembly includes an oil pump 16 and a pressure regulating valve 17 located in the hydraulic station 15. The oil pump 16 is connected to the pressure regulating valve 17 and the oil pressure channel 9 in sequence via oil pipes. The oil pump 16 pressurizes the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic station 15 and forces it into the oil pressure channel 9. The pressure sensing module is an electrical contact pressure gauge 18 installed at the outlet of the pressure regulating valve 17.

[0029] When implementing this technical solution, hydraulic oil enters the oil pressure channel 9 during operation, first overcoming the elastic force of the compression spring 14, and adjusting the pressure through the pressure regulating valve 17, causing the piston ring 6 to move downward to a certain position. At this time, the pressure is the initial pressure. When welding begins, the welding cutter head 5 rotates, and the two protrusions at the front end of the welding cutter head 5 will penetrate into the workpiece, and the surface of the workpiece will contact the surface of the cutter head sleeve 7. At this time, the pressure on the electric contact pressure gauge 18 will rise to a pressure value, which is the constant pressure value maintained during the welding process. When the pressure on the electric contact pressure gauge 18 decreases to the initial pressure, it indicates that the welding cutter head 5 is blocked. At this time, the electric contact pressure gauge 18 sends a feedback signal to the CNC system 19 to stop the wire feeder from feeding wire. At the same time, the vertical slide seat 1 rises to stop welding, clear the feeding channel between the welding cutter head 5 and the cutter head sleeve 7, and continue welding at the stop point, thereby avoiding the generation of welding defects.

[0030] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A wire-feed additive welding constant pressure control device, comprising an additive housing fixed on a vertical slide block, a main shaft rotatably mounted within the additive housing, and a welding cutter head fixed at the front end of the main shaft, characterized in that, A piston ring is provided inside the additive housing near the front end of the spindle. There is an annular axial gap between the piston ring and the additive housing. A cutter head sleeve for fitting onto the outside of the welding cutter head is fixed on the lower surface of the piston ring. A wire feeding hole is provided on the cutter head sleeve. A hydraulic channel communicating with the axial gap is provided inside the additive housing. The hydraulic channel passes through the additive housing and is connected to the oil supply assembly. The oil supply assembly has a pressure sensing module for monitoring the pressure in the hydraulic channel.

2. The constant pressure control device for wire feeding additive welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The additive housing includes an upper connecting sleeve and a lower connecting sleeve that are fixedly connected in sequence along the vertical direction. The piston ring is located between the upper connecting sleeve and the lower connecting sleeve. An upper bearing sleeve is provided inside the upper connecting sleeve, and a lower bearing sleeve is provided inside the lower connecting sleeve. The upper bearing sleeve and the lower bearing sleeve are respectively connected to the main shaft via an upper bearing assembly and a lower bearing assembly. The upper surface of the piston ring is fixedly connected to the upper bearing sleeve, and the lower surface of the piston ring is fixedly connected to the cutter head sleeve via the lower bearing sleeve.

3. A wire-feeding additive welding constant pressure control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The additive housing has a stepped portion corresponding to the upper surface of the piston ring and a limiting portion corresponding to the lower surface of the piston ring, and the axial clearance is located between the stepped portion and the piston ring.

4. The constant pressure control device for wire feeding additive welding according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the hydraulic channel corresponds to the stepped portion, and an annular groove is provided on the outer side of the stepped portion. The annular gap formed between the annular groove and the inner surface of the additive housing is connected to the hydraulic channel and the axial gap, respectively.

5. The constant pressure control device for wire feeding additive welding according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting part and the piston ring are connected by an elastic element.

6. The constant pressure control device for wire feeding additive welding according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic element consists of multiple compression springs, which are evenly arranged circumferentially. The piston ring and the limiting part are respectively provided with upper cylindrical grooves and lower cylindrical grooves corresponding to the positions of the compression springs. The sum of the depths of the upper cylindrical grooves and the lower cylindrical grooves is less than the initial height of the compression springs.

7. The constant pressure control device for wire feeding additive welding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner surface of the upper connecting sleeve and the outer surface of the upper bearing sleeve are slidably sealed by the upper sealing ring, and the inner surface of the lower connecting sleeve and the outer surface of the piston ring are slidably sealed by the lower sealing ring.

8. The constant pressure control device for wire feeding additive welding according to claim 2, characterized in that, An inner sealing gasket is provided between the piston ring and the upper bearing sleeve, and an outer sealing gasket is provided between the upper connecting sleeve and the lower connecting sleeve.

9. The constant pressure control device for wire feeding additive welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil supply assembly includes an oil pump and a pressure regulating valve located in the hydraulic station. The oil pump is connected to the pressure regulating valve and the oil pressure channel in sequence via oil pipes. The pressure sensing module is an electrical contact pressure gauge installed at the outlet of the pressure regulating valve.

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