Multi-stage pressure-reducing sealed balanced load-bearing trolley

Abstract

This invention relates to a multi-stage depressurization sealed balance load-bearing trolley, belonging to the field of air energy storage technology. The multi-stage depressurization sealed balance load-bearing trolley is installed in the vertical shaft of an air energy storage system. The inner wall of the shaft is vertically covered with a steel lining. The trolley is positioned between the gravity module and the air storage chamber of the air energy storage system. It includes sealing components, a pressure-bearing steel frame, and a stabilizing pulley assembly. The pressure-bearing steel frame is horizontally arranged inside the shaft, and the gravity module is placed on it. This multi-stage depressurization sealed balance load-bearing trolley employs multi-stage sealing components. The sealing pressure gradually increases according to the distance from the air storage chamber, greatly improving the sealing effect. Stabilizing pulley assemblies are installed at both ends of the trolley, using disc springs to press the guide wheels tightly against the steel lining, improving the stability of the trolley during sliding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of air energy storage technology, and in particular relates to a multi-stage decompression sealed balance load-bearing trolley with good balance and stability and good sealing effect. Background Technology

[0002] Compressed air energy storage (CASS), as a large-scale clean physical energy storage technology, has great application potential in supporting the safe operation of the power grid and promoting the consumption of renewable energy. CASS systems achieve large-scale, zero-carbon energy storage by decoupling and recoupling the thermal and potential energy of compressed air. By switching between compressor unit energy storage and turbine unit power generation modes, it can provide ancillary services such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, black start, and reactive power compensation to the power grid, alleviating the pressure of dynamic load regulation for traditional generator units and providing services for fluctuation smoothing and grid connection of renewable energy generator units to absorb wind and solar curtailment. Compared to pumped hydro storage, it has a shorter construction cycle, greater applicability, and greater flexibility; compared to other new energy storage technologies, it is more mature, larger in scale, and requires less investment.

[0003] To address the limitations of current compressed air energy storage technologies, such as reliance on large storage chambers, limited application sites, and low energy density of gravity energy storage, gravity compressed air energy storage technology has emerged. The basic principle of gravity compressed air energy storage is as follows: During periods of low electricity demand, air is compressed to high pressure by a compressor unit and stored in the storage chamber, converting electrical energy into the potential energy of the compressed air. During peak electricity demand, the high-pressure air is heated and enters an expander, becoming air at normal pressure. This process drives a generator to produce electricity, converting the air's compression potential energy into electrical energy output. Throughout the entire process, the air pressure within the storage chamber remains constant. Gravity compressed air energy storage offers advantages such as high compressed air energy density and flexible deployment. Its characteristics include: constant storage chamber pressure, high expander efficiency, and high compressed air energy density within the storage chamber; significantly reduced storage chamber volume, approximately 15% of that of conventional compressed air energy storage power stations, allowing for flexible deployment without terrain limitations; and significantly reduced weight and size of the compressed air briquette compared to independent gravity energy storage.

[0004] CN115224808A discloses a gravity compressed air energy storage system based on an adjustable gravity block. The system includes a sealing membrane, which is sealed to the outer wall of the gravity module and the inner wall of the shaft, forming an air storage chamber comprised of the sealing membrane, the space below the shaft, and the gravity modules. During energy storage, electrical energy drives an air compressor unit, which supplies compressed air into the storage chamber. The pressure of the compressed air pushes the gravity modules upwards. Upon energy release, the compressed air in the storage chamber is supplied to an air expander unit, which then drives the expander unit to generate electricity. The problems with this type of energy storage device are as follows: 1. The pressure-bearing cylinder connected to the sealing membrane has a large structure, resulting in significant engineering investment and poor economic efficiency in actual projects; 2. During energy storage and release, the gravity module reciprocates within the shaft, and the sealing membrane, under tension, moves axially accordingly, making it prone to jamming and tearing in the gap between the outer wall of the gravity module and the inner wall of the shaft, thus easily damaging the sealing membrane; 3. At the connection between the sealing membrane and the outer wall of the gravity module and the inner wall of the shaft, shear stress is borne by the gravity module and the megapascal-level high-pressure gas. The thin-walled sealing membrane requires extremely high strength, necessitating the development of special materials; 4. The connection between the sealing membrane and the outer wall of the gravity module and the inner wall of the shaft is difficult; 5. The gravity module (pressure-bearing cylinder) lacks a side guide device, making it prone to tipping accidents when the gravity module reciprocates within the shaft.

[0005] Document CN115208070A discloses a gravity block assembly and a gravity compressed air energy storage system for shock load protection, which includes a sealing membrane. The problems with this energy storage device are: 1. The pressure-bearing cylinder connected to the sealing membrane has a large structure, resulting in significant engineering investment and poor economic efficiency in practical projects; 2. During energy storage and release, the gravity module reciprocates within the shaft, and the sealing membrane, under tension, moves axially accordingly, easily becoming stuck or torn in the gap between the outer wall of the gravity module and the inner wall of the shaft, leading to easy damage to the sealing membrane; 3. The connection between the sealing membrane and the outer wall of the gravity module and the inner wall of the shaft bears shear stress under the action of the gravity module and the megapascal-level high-pressure gas. The thin-walled sealing membrane requires extremely high strength, necessitating the development of special materials; 4. The connection between the sealing membrane and the outer wall of the gravity module and the inner wall of the shaft is difficult; 5. The gravity module (pressure-bearing cylinder) is equipped with a guiding device, but during energy storage, the gravity module is in an upward motion, and the sealing membrane is prone to interference with the guiding device, potentially causing accidents.

[0006] In the existing system structure, the stability requirements for the gravity module during its upward or downward movement are extremely high. Once it overturns, it will at least affect the operation, and at worst, cause damage to the components and affect its use. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the gravity module of the existing compressed air energy storage system is unstable and prone to accidents during movement, and provides a multi-stage decompression sealed balance load-bearing trolley with good balance, stability and sealing effect.

[0008] This utility model relates to a multi-stage pressure-reducing sealed balance load-bearing trolley, which is installed in the vertical shaft of an air energy storage system. The inner wall of the shaft is vertically covered with a steel lining. The trolley is characterized by being positioned between the gravity module and the air storage chamber of the air energy storage system. The trolley includes sealing components, a pressure-bearing steel frame, and a stabilizing pulley assembly. The pressure-bearing steel frame is horizontally arranged inside the shaft, and the gravity module is placed on the pressure-bearing steel frame. Wherein:

[0009] The pressure-bearing steel frame is symmetrically equipped with two sets of stabilizing pulley assemblies at both ends. The stabilizing pulley assemblies are in contact with the steel lining, and the pressure-bearing steel frame slides along the steel lining through the stabilizing pulley assemblies. The stabilizing pulley assembly includes a guide wheel, a hinge shaft, a frame, ear plates, a rotating shaft, a base, connecting parts, and a disc spring. The frame is vertically fixed to the outer end of the pressure-bearing steel frame. The guide wheel is installed on the outer side of the upper end of the frame through the hinge shaft. The guide wheel rotates around the rotating shaft, and its outer edge is in contact with the surface of the steel lining. The base is located below the frame. An ear plate is vertically fixed on the outer side of the upper part of the base, and a disc spring is installed on the inner side. The outer side of the lower part of the frame is connected to the ear plate through the rotating shaft. A rectangular groove is provided on the inner side of the lower part of the frame, and the top of the disc spring is in contact with the upper surface of the rectangular groove.

[0010] The sealing components include seals, back pressure assemblies, balancing assemblies, a base plate, a cover plate, and a pressurizing assembly. The base plate is vertically mounted on both sides of the pressure-bearing steel frame. Several holes are evenly spaced on the base plate, and several seals are installed in the holes. The seals protrude outward from the middle, and the protruding end is a sealing head. Several cover plates cover the outside of the base plate. Each seal has a back pressure assembly inside it, and a balancing assembly is located between two adjacent sealing heads. The back pressure assembly includes a back pressure chamber and a back pressure pipe. The back pressure chamber is fixed to the inner wall of the seal, and the back pressure pipe passes through the base plate and communicates with the inside of the back pressure chamber. The balancing assembly includes a balancing chamber and a balancing pressurizing pipe. The balancing chamber is located on the outer wall of the cover plate between two adjacent seals, and the balancing pressurizing pipe passes through the base plate and the cover plate and communicates with the inside of the balancing chamber. The pressurizing assembly includes a water pump, a water tank, and an energy storage tank. The water pump is mounted on the water tank, and the water tank and energy storage tank are placed inside the pressure-bearing steel frame. The water pump is connected to the energy storage tank, and the energy storage tank is connected to the back pressure pipe and the balancing pressurizing pipe through a water supply pipe.

[0011] The seal has a retainer embedded inside, with a raised middle section. The shape of the retainer matches the shape of the seal, which improves the strength of the seal. The end of the sealing head is also provided with a friction-reducing layer. The sealing head is pressed tightly against the steel liner by pressure to achieve a sealing effect. During sliding, the friction-reducing layer reduces friction and improves service life.

[0012] The back pressure assembly is provided in four sets, arranged sequentially from top to bottom; three balancing assemblies are alternately arranged between the back pressure assemblies, with the top and bottom of the balancing chamber respectively contacting two adjacent back pressure chambers; pressure reducing valves are provided on both the back pressure pipe and the balancing pressure pipe. From top to bottom, the water pressure entering the first back pressure pipe and the first balancing pressure pipe is 2.5 MPa, the water pressure entering the second back pressure pipe and the second balancing pressure pipe is 5 MPa, the water pressure entering the third back pressure pipe and the third balancing pressure pipe is 7.5 MPa, and the water pressure entering the fourth back pressure pipe is 10 MPa.

[0013] A cable reel is installed at the top of the shaft, and a cable is installed on the cable reel. The cable hangs down from the shaft, passes through the gravity module, and connects to the pressurization component, providing power to the pressurization component through the cable.

[0014] The cover plate is also provided with anti-deviation protrusions on both sides. The anti-deviation protrusions are arc-shaped protrusions. The anti-deviation protrusions improve the stability of the stamped sealing structure and reduce the friction between the stamped sealing structure and the steel lining.

[0015] This utility model features a multi-stage decompression sealed balance load-bearing trolley. It employs multi-stage sealing components, with the sealing pressure gradually increasing according to the distance from the air storage chamber, greatly improving the sealing effect. Stable pulley assemblies are installed at both ends of the load-bearing trolley, and disc springs are used to press the guide wheels tightly against the steel lining, which improves the stability of the load-bearing trolley during sliding. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a multi-stage depressurization sealed gravity compressed air energy storage system.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a piston-type sealed vehicle.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the sealing device.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper structure of the shaft.

[0020] Figure 5 To stabilize the pulley assembly.

[0021] In the diagram, the components are: 1. Load-bearing trolley; 2. Sealing device; 3. Gravity module; 4. Gas storage chamber; 5. Steel lining; 6. Cable reel; 7. Pressure-bearing steel frame; 8. Guide wheel; 9. Hinge shaft; 10. Frame; 11. Ear plate; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Base; 14. Connector; 15. Disc spring; 16. Sealing head; 17. Base plate; 18. Cover plate; 19. Back pressure chamber; 20. Back pressure pipe; 21. Balance chamber; 22. Balance pressure pipe; 23. Water tank; 24. Energy storage tank; 25. Cage; 26. Anti-deviation boss. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Example 1: A multi-stage pressure-reducing sealed balance load-bearing trolley is installed in the vertical shaft of an air energy storage system. The inner wall of the shaft is vertically covered with a steel lining. The load-bearing trolley is positioned between the gravity module and the air storage chamber of the air energy storage system. The load-bearing trolley includes sealing components, a pressure-bearing steel frame, and a stabilizing pulley assembly. The pressure-bearing steel frame is horizontally arranged inside the vertical shaft, and the gravity module is placed on the pressure-bearing steel frame; wherein:

[0023] The pressure-bearing steel frame is symmetrically equipped with two sets of stabilizing pulley assemblies at both ends. The stabilizing pulley assemblies are in contact with the steel lining, and the pressure-bearing steel frame slides along the steel lining through the stabilizing pulley assemblies. The stabilizing pulley assembly includes a guide wheel, a hinge shaft, a frame, ear plates, a rotating shaft, a base, connecting parts, and a disc spring. The frame is vertically fixed to the outer end of the pressure-bearing steel frame. The guide wheel is installed on the outer side of the upper end of the frame through the hinge shaft. The guide wheel rotates around the rotating shaft, and its outer edge is in contact with the surface of the steel lining. The base is located below the frame. An ear plate is vertically fixed on the outer side of the upper part of the base, and a disc spring is installed on the inner side. The outer side of the lower part of the frame is connected to the ear plate through the rotating shaft. A rectangular groove is provided on the inner side of the lower part of the frame, and the top of the disc spring is in contact with the upper surface of the rectangular groove.

[0024] The sealing components include seals, back pressure assemblies, balancing assemblies, a base plate, a cover plate, and a pressurizing assembly. The base plate is vertically mounted on both sides of the pressure-bearing steel frame. Several holes are evenly spaced on the base plate, and several seals are installed in the holes. The seals protrude outward from the middle, and the protruding end is a sealing head. Several cover plates cover the outside of the base plate. Each seal has a back pressure assembly inside it, and a balancing assembly is located between two adjacent sealing heads. The back pressure assembly includes a back pressure chamber and a back pressure pipe. The back pressure chamber is fixed to the inner wall of the seal, and the back pressure pipe passes through the base plate and communicates with the inside of the back pressure chamber. The balancing assembly includes a balancing chamber and a balancing pressurizing pipe. The balancing chamber is located on the outer wall of the cover plate between two adjacent seals, and the balancing pressurizing pipe passes through the base plate and the cover plate and communicates with the inside of the balancing chamber. The pressurizing assembly includes a water pump, a water tank, and an energy storage tank. The water pump is mounted on the water tank, and the water tank and energy storage tank are placed inside the pressure-bearing steel frame. The water pump is connected to the energy storage tank, and the energy storage tank is connected to the back pressure pipe and the balancing pressurizing pipe through a water supply pipe.

[0025] A retainer is embedded inside the seal, with a raised middle section. The shape of the retainer matches the shape of the seal, improving the strength of the seal. A friction-reducing layer is also provided at the end of the sealing head. The sealing head is pressed tightly against the steel liner by pressure to achieve a sealing effect. During sliding, the friction-reducing layer reduces friction and improves service life.

[0026] There are four sets of back pressure components, arranged sequentially from top to bottom; three balancing components are alternately arranged between the back pressure components, with the top and bottom of the balancing chamber contacting two adjacent back pressure chambers respectively; pressure reducing valves are installed on both the back pressure pipe and the balancing pressure pipe. From top to bottom, the water pressure entering the first back pressure pipe and the first balancing pressure pipe is 2.5 MPa, the water pressure entering the second back pressure pipe and the second balancing pressure pipe is 5 MPa, the water pressure entering the third back pressure pipe and the third balancing pressure pipe is 7.5 MPa, and the water pressure entering the fourth back pressure pipe is 10 MPa.

[0027] A cable reel is installed at the top of the shaft, and a cable is installed on the cable reel. The cable hangs down from the shaft, passes through the gravity module, and connects to the pressurization component, providing power to the pressurization component through the cable.

[0028] Anti-deviation protrusions are also provided on both sides of the cover plate. The anti-deviation protrusions are arc-shaped protrusions. The anti-deviation protrusions improve the stability of the stamped sealing structure and reduce the friction between the stamped sealing structure and the steel lining.

[0029] When using this energy storage system, a suitable gravity module is placed on the load-bearing frame. During energy storage or power generation, the pressurization component is activated, and different air pressures are injected into the back pressure chamber and balance chamber through the back pressure pipe and balance pressure pipe, respectively. The back pressure chamber closest to the gas storage chamber has the highest water pressure, at 10 MPa. The pressure gradually decreases upwards in the back pressure chamber and balance chamber, with the lowest pressure in the uppermost back pressure chamber at 2.5 MPa. Through liquid pressure, the sealing head is tightly pressed against the steel lining, achieving a multi-stage sealing effect. A balance chamber is also set between adjacent sealing heads, which not only balances the pressure between the two sealing heads but also increases the sealing effect.

[0030] During the upward or downward sliding process of the load-bearing trolley, the disc springs on its inner side cooperate with the rotating shafts on its outer side to lift the frame diagonally upward, so that the guide wheels on it are in close contact with the steel lining. The array of symmetrically arranged stabilizing pulleys can greatly improve the stability of the load-bearing trolley during the sliding process and prevent tilting.

Claims

1. A multi-stage decompression sealed balance load-bearing trolley, installed in the vertical shaft of an air energy storage system, wherein the inner wall of the shaft is vertically covered with a steel lining, characterized in that... The load-bearing trolley is positioned between the gravity module and the air storage chamber of the air energy storage system. The trolley includes sealing components, a pressure-bearing steel frame, and a stabilizing pulley assembly. The pressure-bearing steel frame is horizontally arranged inside the vertical shaft, and the gravity module is placed on the pressure-bearing steel frame. The pressure-bearing steel frame is symmetrically equipped with two sets of stabilizing pulley assemblies at both ends. The stabilizing pulley assemblies are in contact with the steel lining, and the pressure-bearing steel frame slides along the steel lining through the stabilizing pulley assemblies. The stabilizing pulley assembly includes a guide wheel, a hinge shaft, a frame, ear plates, a rotating shaft, a base, connecting parts, and a disc spring. The frame is vertically fixed to the outer end of the pressure-bearing steel frame. The guide wheel is installed on the outer side of the upper end of the frame through the hinge shaft. The guide wheel rotates around the rotating shaft, and its outer edge is in contact with the surface of the steel lining. The base is located below the frame. An ear plate is vertically fixed on the outer side of the upper part of the base, and a disc spring is installed on the inner side. The outer side of the lower part of the frame is connected to the ear plate through the rotating shaft. A rectangular groove is provided on the inner side of the lower part of the frame, and the top of the disc spring is in contact with the upper surface of the rectangular groove. The sealing components include seals, back pressure assemblies, balancing assemblies, a base plate, a cover plate, and a pressurizing assembly. The base plate is vertically mounted on both sides of the pressure-bearing steel frame. Several holes are evenly spaced on the base plate, and several seals are installed in the holes. The seals protrude outward from the middle, and the protruding end is a sealing head. Several cover plates cover the outside of the base plate. Each seal has a back pressure assembly inside it, and a balancing assembly is located between two adjacent sealing heads. The back pressure assembly includes a back pressure chamber and a back pressure pipe. The back pressure chamber is fixed to the inner wall of the seal, and the back pressure pipe passes through the base plate and communicates with the inside of the back pressure chamber. The balancing assembly includes a balancing chamber and a balancing pressurizing pipe. The balancing chamber is located on the outer wall of the cover plate between two adjacent seals, and the balancing pressurizing pipe passes through the base plate and the cover plate and communicates with the inside of the balancing chamber. The pressurizing assembly includes a water pump, a water tank, and an energy storage tank. The water pump is mounted on the water tank, and the water tank and energy storage tank are placed inside the pressure-bearing steel frame. The water pump is connected to the energy storage tank, and the energy storage tank is connected to the back pressure pipe and the balancing pressurizing pipe through a water supply pipe.

2. The multi-stage decompression sealed balance load-bearing trolley as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The seal has a retainer embedded inside, with a raised middle section. The shape of the retainer matches the shape of the seal, which improves the strength of the seal. The end of the sealing head is also provided with a friction-reducing layer, and the sealing head is pressed tightly against the steel liner by pressure.

3. The multi-stage decompression sealed balance load-bearing trolley as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The back pressure assembly is provided in four sets, arranged sequentially from top to bottom; three balancing assemblies are alternately arranged between the back pressure assemblies, with the top and bottom of the balancing chamber respectively contacting two adjacent back pressure chambers; pressure reducing valves are provided on both the back pressure pipe and the balancing pressure pipe. From top to bottom, the water pressure entering the first back pressure pipe and the first balancing pressure pipe is 2.5 MPa, the water pressure entering the second back pressure pipe and the second balancing pressure pipe is 5 MPa, the water pressure entering the third back pressure pipe and the third balancing pressure pipe is 7.5 MPa, and the water pressure entering the fourth back pressure pipe is 10 MPa.

4. The multi-stage decompression sealed balance load-bearing trolley as described in claim 1, characterized in that... A cable reel is installed at the top of the shaft, and a cable is installed on the cable reel. The cable hangs down from the shaft, passes through the gravity module, and connects to the pressurization component, providing power to the pressurization component through the cable.

5. The multi-stage decompression sealed balance load-bearing trolley as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The cover plate is also provided with anti-deviation protrusions on both sides, and the anti-deviation protrusions are arc-shaped protrusions.

Images