Fire protection structure for a bridge cable system

Abstract

The utility model relates to bridge cable protection structure field discloses a kind of fire-resistant protective structure of bridge cable system, including heat insulation layer, fire-retardant sealing layer and protective layer sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and high-temperature-resistant adhesive glue is equipped between the heat insulation layer with the bridge cable. The heat insulation layer is excellent in thermal stability, and excellent in heat insulation effect;The fire-retardant sealing layer is formed by basalt fiber cloth or high-silica cloth and fire-retardant sealant, and the thickness of fire-retardant sealing layer is 3-6mm, and it is good in high-temperature resistance, fire resistance, vibration resistance and sealing property, and stable in structure;The high-temperature-resistant adhesive glue has excellent temperature resistance, adhesion, moisture resistance and vibration resistance. The protective layer uses silicone high-temperature paint, to further enhance the durability of protective structure. The fire-resistant protective structure of the bridge cable system has clear function, stable performance, easy construction, excellent heat insulation, fireproof and durable performance, and obvious comprehensive advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge cable protection structures, and in particular to a fire-resistant protection structure for bridge cable systems. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of infrastructure and transportation, a large number of cable-stayed bridges spanning rivers, lakes, seas, and deep mountain valleys have been completed and opened to traffic, while many more are still under construction. Sudden disasters such as fires and slow-onset disasters such as cable corrosion often directly threaten the structural safety of bridges, causing loss of life and property and resulting in serious social impacts. These are problems that bridge builders in my country must face and urgently need to solve.

[0003] The primary fire source for bridges is vehicles. Causes of vehicle fires include fuel system problems, electrical short circuits, tire blowouts, ignition of flammable materials by high temperatures, vehicle collisions, and explosions of hazardous chemicals. Both vehicle fires and arson can trigger intense combustion. Under the high temperatures of a fire, the material properties of the bridge's cable system will severely deteriorate, leading to a redistribution of internal forces and significantly weakening the structural performance, thus jeopardizing the bridge's structural safety.

[0004] In view of the above, this solution provides a fire-resistant protection structure for bridge cable systems to provide a long-term and targeted solution to the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a fire-resistant protective structure for bridge cable systems to solve the problem that the material properties of bridge cable systems will be severely degraded under the high temperature of a fire, resulting in redistribution of internal forces, which greatly weakens the structural performance and endangers the safety of the bridge structure. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A fire-resistant protective structure for a bridge cable system, applied to bridge cables, includes a heat insulation layer, a flame-retardant sealing layer, and a protective layer arranged sequentially from the inside out. A high-temperature resistant adhesive is provided between the heat insulation layer and the bridge cable. The flame-retardant sealing layer is composed of several layers of flame-retardant sealant and several layers of fiber cloth stacked alternately, with a thickness of 3-6 mm.

[0007] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the heat insulation layer includes aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt, the width of the aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt is 120-200mm, and the thickness of the aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt is 5-8mm.

[0008] As an improvement to the above technical solution, a stainless steel clamp is provided at the starting end, the ending end, and every 1-1.5m along the length of the aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt for fixation.

[0009] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the high-temperature resistant adhesive is formed by mixing a high-temperature resistant silicone adhesive with a curing agent, and the coating thickness of the high-temperature resistant adhesive is 600-800μm.

[0010] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the fiber cloth includes basalt fiber cloth or high silica cloth, the width of the basalt fiber cloth or high silica cloth is 120-200mm, and the thickness of the basalt fiber cloth or high silica cloth is 0.5-1mm.

[0011] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the fiber cloth is configured to be divided into Type I fiber cloth and Type II fiber cloth according to different weight and mesh size. The Type I fiber cloth has a weight of 125±10g / ㎡ and a mesh size of (2.5±0.5)×(2.5±0.5)mm; the Type II fiber cloth has a weight of 215±20g / ㎡ and is a plain weave fabric without mesh.

[0012] The flame-retardant sealing layer is composed of flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, and flame-retardant sealant stacked sequentially.

[0013] Alternatively, the flame-retardant sealing layer may be composed of flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, flame-retardant sealant, type II fiber cloth, flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, and flame-retardant sealant stacked sequentially.

[0014] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the flame-retardant sealant includes high-temperature resistant silicone sealant, and the flame-retardant sealant coating thickness is 900-1200μm.

[0015] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the protective layer includes a silicone high-temperature varnish, and the coating thickness of the silicone high-temperature varnish is 60-80μm.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The insulation layer formed by aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt exhibits excellent thermal stability and insulation performance. The high-temperature resistant silicone adhesive possesses excellent temperature resistance, adhesion, moisture resistance, and vibration resistance. The insulation layer is securely fixed along its length with high-strength stainless steel clamps, further reducing the risk of the insulation layer detaching from the base surface at high temperatures. The flame-retardant sealing layer formed by basalt fiber cloth or high-silica cloth and flame-retardant sealant exhibits good high-temperature resistance, flame retardancy, vibration resistance, and sealing performance, with a stable structure. The high-temperature silicone paint, composed of silicone adhesive and aluminum powder pigments, exhibits stable wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and impact resistance, and excellent long-term weather resistance. Through the selection of high-performance raw materials and a reasonable structural design, the insulation, flame-retardant, and sealing protection structure of this bridge cable has clearly defined functions for each layer, stable performance, and is easy to construct, possessing excellent insulation, fireproofing, and durability properties, demonstrating significant comprehensive advantages.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Of course, implementing any product or method of this application does not necessarily require achieving all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Insulation layer; 2. Flame-retardant sealing layer; 3. Protective layer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment of the invention, a fire-resistant protective structure for a bridge cable system is provided, applied to bridge cables. It includes, from the inside out, a heat insulation layer 1, a flame-retardant sealing layer 2, and a protective layer 3. A high-temperature resistant adhesive is provided between the heat insulation layer 1 and the bridge cable. The flame-retardant sealing layer 2 is composed of alternating layers of flame-retardant sealant and layers of fiber cloth, with a thickness of 3-6 mm. The flame-retardant sealing layer 2 exhibits good high-temperature resistance, flame retardancy, vibration resistance, and sealing performance, and has a stable structure.

[0023] The insulation layer 1 includes aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt, the width of which is 120-200mm and the thickness of which is 5-8mm.

[0024] A stainless steel clamp is installed at the beginning and end of the aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt, and at intervals of 1-1.5m along the length of the aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt for fixation.

[0025] The high-temperature resistant adhesive is formed by mixing high-temperature resistant silicone adhesive and curing agent. The high-temperature resistant silicone adhesive is formed by adding toluene solution as an additive, based on polysiloxane raw rubber and resin. The coating thickness of the high-temperature resistant adhesive is 600-800μm.

[0026] The fiber cloth includes basalt fiber cloth or high-silica cloth, with a width of 120-200mm. The fiber cloth and flame-retardant sealant are layered together in either a 3-layer flame-retardant sealant and 2-layer fiber cloth layer or a 4-layer flame-retardant sealant and 3-layer fiber cloth layer to form a flame-retardant sealing layer with a thickness of 3-6mm.

[0027] The fiber cloth is configured into Type I and Type II fiber cloth according to different weight and mesh size. Type I fiber cloth is 125±10g / ㎡ with a mesh size of (2.5±0.5)×(2.5±0.5)mm; Type II fiber cloth is 215±20g / ㎡ and is a plain weave cloth without mesh. Among them, the silica (SiO2) content of high silica cloth is ≥95%, the softening point is close to 1700℃, and it can be used for a long time at 900℃. The basalt fiber cloth can be used for a long time at 700℃ and the softening point is 960℃. The thickness of basalt fiber cloth or high silica cloth is 0.5-1mm.

[0028] The flame-retardant sealing layer 2 is composed of flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, and flame-retardant sealant stacked sequentially.

[0029] Alternatively, the flame-retardant sealing layer 2 is composed of flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, flame-retardant sealant, type II fiber cloth, flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, and flame-retardant sealant stacked sequentially.

[0030] Flame-retardant sealants include high-temperature resistant silicone sealants, with a coating thickness of 900-1200μm.

[0031] Protective layer 3 uses silicone high-temperature varnish, with a coating thickness of 60-80μm. Silicone high-temperature varnish is a single-component high-temperature coating containing moisture-curing silicone binder and aluminum shavings pigment. Due to its moisture-curing cross-linking mechanism, multiple coats can be applied without heat curing. It can withstand temperatures up to 540℃ and is easy to apply. Silicone high-temperature varnish exhibits excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, impact resistance, and UV resistance, further enhancing the durability of the protective structure. The fire-resistant protective structure of this bridge cable system has clearly defined functions, stable performance, and is easy to apply, possessing excellent heat insulation, fireproofing, and durability, demonstrating significant overall advantages.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] Step S1: Base surface cleaning

[0034] Before construction, the anti-slip layer and dirt (oil stains can be wiped off with a thinner) on the surface of the main cable must be removed. Starting from the high end of the main cable, first use a brush or other cleaning tools to remove dust, rust, and other debris from the surface. Then, use a cleaning cloth dampened with cleaning solvent to wipe in the same direction to remove surface oil stains until there are no obvious stains on the cleaning cloth. For the original anti-slip layer on the main cable surface, use an electric angle grinder with a wire cup to grind it down, removing as many of the original anti-slip particles as possible. Be careful not to over-grind, as this will damage the original coating. Finally, wipe the surface of the main cable to remove surface dust and water droplets.

[0035] Step S2: Apply adhesive

[0036] Mixing and applying the high-temperature resistant adhesive: First, mix the high-temperature resistant silicone adhesive and hardener at a ratio of 100:2, stir thoroughly, and then apply it to the substrate. Ensure even application, avoiding accumulation, dripping, or missed areas. The high-temperature resistant adhesive coating thickness should be 800μm.

[0037] Step S3: Construction of Insulation Layer 1

[0038] The aluminum silicate fiber felt is wrapped diagonally around the surface of the main cable to which the adhesive has been applied. The adhesive at the bottom of the aluminum silicate fiber felt is tightly bonded to the surface of the main cable. The aluminum silicate fiber felt is 6mm thick and 15cm wide. During construction, it is wrapped along the length using a splicing method, paying attention to the wrapping angle. The splices should be tight, neat, without obvious gaps or overlaps. The beginning and end of the aluminum silicate fiber felt are securely fixed with a high-strength stainless steel clamp at every 1m interval along the length. Adjacent aluminum silicate fiber felt joints are secured with two stainless steel clamps.

[0039] Step S4: Construction of Flame Retardant Sealing Layer 2

[0040] It is made of basalt fiber cloth and high-temperature silicone sealant, and is constructed by stacking 4 layers of flame-retardant sealant and 3 layers of fiber cloth, with a thickness of 5-6 mm.

[0041] S41: First coat of high-temperature silicone sealant. After the aluminum silicate fiber felt tape is installed, apply the high-temperature silicone sealant using a special scraper to the surface of insulation layer 1. The thickness of the high-temperature silicone sealant coating should be approximately 1000μm. Ensure there are no missed areas or bubbles.

[0042] S42: Type I basalt fiber cloth winding. After the first coat of high-temperature silicone sealant (not exceeding 30 minutes after application), wind Type I basalt fiber cloth onto the main cable at a certain angle, with an overlap of approximately 2cm between each strip. During winding, ensure the cloth is taut to avoid air pockets.

[0043] S43: Second high-temperature silicone sealant coating: After wrapping the type I basalt fiber cloth (the wrapping time should not exceed 30 minutes), uniformly coat the surface with a second high-temperature silicone sealant. The coating thickness is about 900 μm. The process method is the same as above (S41).

[0044] S44: Type II basalt fiber cloth wrapping: After the second coat of high-temperature silicone sealant is applied (no more than 30 minutes after application), wrap the Type II basalt fiber cloth around the main cable at a certain angle, with an overlap of about 2cm between each strip. The cloth should be pulled taut during wrapping to avoid air pockets. High-temperature silicone sealant should be applied to the overlap area before wrapping the Type II basalt fiber cloth to ensure a good seal and adhesion.

[0045] S45: Third high-temperature silicone sealant coating: After winding type II basalt fiber cloth (not more than 30 minutes after winding), the third high-temperature silicone sealant is uniformly coated on the surface of the main cable. The coating thickness is about 900 μm. The process method is the same as above (S41).

[0046] S46: Type I basalt fiber cloth winding. After the third high-temperature silicone sealant is applied (not more than 30 minutes after application), type I basalt fiber cloth is wound onto the main cable at a certain angle, using the same method as described above (S42).

[0047] S47: Fourth coat of high-temperature silicone sealant: After wrapping with type I basalt fiber cloth (no more than 30 minutes after wrapping), uniformly apply the fourth coat of high-temperature silicone sealant to the surface of the main cable, with a coating thickness of approximately 1000 μm. The process method is the same as described above (S41). For a beautiful finished product appearance, the surface of the main cable should be uniformly smooth and free of defects after the fourth coat of high-temperature silicone sealant is applied, and pinholes, cracks, peeling, missed coatings, etc. are not allowed.

[0048] Step S5: Construction of Protective Layer 3

[0049] Lightly sand the silicone sealant surface with 400-600 grit sandpaper to increase roughness and improve adhesion. Wipe the surface with a solvent (such as acetone) to remove dust, oil, and other impurities. Apply two coats of high-temperature silicone varnish, with a coating thickness of 2×40μm.

[0050] Step S6: Construction of epoxy quartz sand anti-slip layer

[0051] An epoxy quartz sand anti-slip layer is added to a 30cm wide area on the top surface of the main cable. First, the base surface is lightly sanded with 400-600 grit sandpaper. Then, epoxy quartz sand is evenly spread over a 30cm wide area on the top surface of the main cable. The epoxy quartz sand is made by mixing modified epoxy resin and quartz sand in a certain proportion. After spreading, the epoxy quartz sand is pressed with a roller to embed it into high-temperature silicone sealant.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] Step S1: Base surface cleaning

[0054] First, clean the surface of the cable-stayed bridge to remove dust, cement, and other solid deposits. Then, use a solvent to clean the surface and remove oil stains, so that the insulation layer 1 can adhere well to the cable surface.

[0055] Step S2: Apply adhesive

[0056] Mixing and applying the high-temperature resistant adhesive: First, mix the high-temperature resistant silicone adhesive and hardener at a ratio of 100:2, stir thoroughly, and then apply it to the substrate. Ensure even application, avoiding accumulation, dripping, or missed areas. The high-temperature resistant adhesive coating thickness should be 800μm.

[0057] Step S3: Construction of Insulation Layer 1

[0058] S31: Install and adjust the wrapping machine, paying attention to the wrapping angle. The aluminum silicate aerogel felt tape must overlap tightly and neatly, with no obvious gaps. Secure the overlaps with cable ties. To reduce bulging during wrapping, the aluminum silicate aerogel felt tape should be 6mm thick and 15cm wide.

[0059] S32: Install the aluminum silicate aerogel felt tape onto the wrapping machine, operate the wrapping machine according to the spacing requirements, and continuously wrap from bottom to top. In order to ensure the continuity and aesthetic requirements of the aluminum silicate aerogel felt tape, minimize the number of joints during the wrapping process. After the aluminum silicate aerogel felt tape is finished wrapping, fix the beginning and end and remove the wrapping machine.

[0060] S33: The beginning and end of the aluminum silicate aerogel felt tape are secured with stainless steel clamps, and an additional clamp is installed every 1.5 meters. The connection between two aluminum silicate aerogel felt tapes is secured with two stainless steel clamps.

[0061] Step S4: Construction of Flame Retardant Sealing Layer 2

[0062] It is made of basalt fiber cloth and flame-retardant sealant, and is composed of 3 layers of flame-retardant sealant and 2 layers of fiber cloth. Both layers of fiber cloth are type I basalt fiber cloth with a thickness of 3-5mm.

[0063] Step S5: Construction of Protective Layer 3

[0064] Lightly sand the silicone sealant surface with 400-600 grit sandpaper to increase roughness and improve adhesion. Wipe the surface with a solvent (such as acetone) to remove dust, oil, and other impurities. Apply two coats of high-temperature silicone varnish, with a coating thickness of 2×40μm.

[0065] Example 3:

[0066] A fire-resistant protective structure for a bridge cable system is used for the protection of suspension bridge cable anchor heads: from the bottom layer to the surface layer, there are a heat insulation layer 1 and a flame-retardant sealing layer 2. The heat insulation layer 1 is made of irregularly shaped aluminum silicate aerogel felt, and the flame-retardant sealing layer 2 is made of basalt fiber cloth and flame-retardant sealant, which is formed by stacking 3 layers of flame-retardant sealant and 2 layers of fiber cloth. A high-temperature resistant adhesive is placed between the heat insulation layer 1 and the base surface (i.e., the anchor head protective cover).

[0067] Step S1: Customize anchor head protective cover

[0068] Anchor head protective covers are custom-made according to the shape of the bridge cable anchor heads. The anchor head protective covers adopt a HAF structure with a hollow interlayer between the outer shell and the inner liner. The hollow interlayer is filled with a heat insulation layer 1 and a flame-retardant sealing layer 2. The heat insulation layer 1 is made of irregularly shaped aluminum silicate aerogel felt with the same dimensions as the anchor head protective cover. The flame-retardant sealing layer 2 is made of basalt fiber cloth and flame-retardant sealant, which is formed by stacking 3 layers of flame-retardant sealant and 2 layers of fiber cloth. Both layers of fiber cloth are made of type I basalt fiber cloth. A layer of high-temperature resistant adhesive is set between the heat insulation layer 1 and the base surface.

[0069] The anchor head protective cover is equipped with fixing strips to fix the heat insulation layer 1 and prevent the heat insulation layer 1 from loosening under high temperature. The number of fixing strips in half of the anchor head protective cover is 5 in the circumferential direction and 1 in the longitudinal direction. They are made of stainless steel sheets that are 2-3cm wide and 0.8mm thick.

[0070] Step S2: Base surface cleaning

[0071] First, clean the surface of the cable anchor head to remove dust, cement, and other solid deposits. Then, use a solvent to clean the surface and remove oil stains.

[0072] Step S3: Anchor head protective cover installation

[0073] On-site installation of anchor head protective covers was carried out, and all gaps in the stainless steel covers were sealed with sealant.

[0074] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention.

Claims

1. A fire-resistant protective structure for a bridge cable system, applied to bridge cables, characterized in that, It includes a heat insulation layer, a flame-retardant sealing layer and a protective layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The heat insulation layer is bonded to the bridge cable with a high-temperature resistant adhesive. The flame-retardant sealing layer is composed of several layers of flame-retardant sealant and several layers of fiber cloth stacked alternately, with a thickness of 3-6mm.

2. The fire-resistant protection structure for a bridge cable system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation layer includes aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt, the width of the aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt is 120-200mm, and the thickness of the aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt is 5-8mm.

3. The fire-resistant protection structure for a bridge cable system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stainless steel clamp is installed at the starting end, the ending end, and every 1-1.5m along the length of the aluminum silicate aerogel felt or aluminum silicate fiber felt for fixation.

4. The fire-resistant protection structure for a bridge cable system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature resistant adhesive is formed by mixing a high-temperature resistant silicone adhesive with a curing agent, and the coating thickness of the high-temperature resistant adhesive is 600-800μm.

5. The fire-resistant protection structure for a bridge cable system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber cloth includes basalt fiber cloth or high silica cloth, the width of which is 120-200mm and the thickness of which is 0.5-1mm.

6. The fire-resistant protection structure for a bridge cable system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fiber cloth is configured as Type I fiber cloth and Type II fiber cloth according to different weight and mesh size. Type I fiber cloth has a weight of 125±10g / ㎡ and a mesh size of (2.5±0.5)×(2.5±0.5)mm. Type II fiber cloth has a weight of 215±20g / ㎡ and is a plain weave fabric without mesh. The flame-retardant sealing layer is composed of flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, and flame-retardant sealant stacked sequentially. Alternatively, the flame-retardant sealing layer may be composed of flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, flame-retardant sealant, type II fiber cloth, flame-retardant sealant, type I fiber cloth, and flame-retardant sealant stacked sequentially.

7. The fire-resistant protection structure for a bridge cable system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame-retardant sealant includes high-temperature resistant silicone sealant, and the flame-retardant sealant coating thickness is 900-1200μm.

8. The fire-resistant protection structure for a bridge cable system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective layer includes a silicone high-temperature varnish, and the coating thickness of the silicone high-temperature varnish is 60-80μm.

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