A waste incinerator hearth heat insulation optimization structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a garbage incinerator hearth heat -proof heat preservation optimization structure belongs to garbage incineration equipment technical field, aims at solving traditional incinerator heat loss big, furnace wall temperature is high, the low temperature of secondary air leads to the problem such as high operating cost, low combustion efficiency, including inner furnace wall, outer furnace shell, both constitute double -deck structure, and the inner furnace wall front arch, rear arch is water cooled wall, and the vertical section is equipped with secondary air through -hole, and below is the furnace grate, the outer furnace shell and the inner furnace wall form cavity heat -proof, and its arch shell is equipped with the air extraction bin and through -hole, and the air extraction bin communicates cavity, and the through -hole corresponds with secondary air through -hole, and the fan passes through the air extraction pipe, air supply pipe and will cavity hot air as secondary air send into hearth. Meanwhile, water cooled wall and arch shell are matched through hanging block, positioning column, hanging groove, positioning groove, and are fixed with bolt, ensure that the connection is firm, and the structure realizes efficient heat -proof heat preservation and waste heat recovery, and optimizes secondary air supply, improves combustion efficiency, reduces pollutant emission and operating cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste incineration equipment technology, and in particular to an optimized structure for heat insulation and heat preservation of the furnace chamber of a waste incinerator. Background Technology

[0002] Waste incineration is an important means of achieving waste reduction, harmlessness, and resource recovery. During the operation of a waste incinerator, the thermal insulation performance of the furnace directly affects energy utilization efficiency, equipment lifespan, and pollutant emission control.

[0003] Traditional furnace insulation structures often use a single refractory material or simple insulation layers, resulting in significant heat loss, energy waste, and difficulty in improving incinerator thermal efficiency. Excessively high furnace wall temperatures not only accelerate the aging and damage of refractory materials and shorten equipment lifespan but also increase equipment maintenance costs. Furthermore, traditional secondary air supply methods are often independent of the insulation system, resulting in low secondary air temperatures that are difficult to mix thoroughly with waste for combustion, affecting combustion efficiency and making it difficult to effectively control pollutant emissions.

[0004] To address the problems of excessive heat loss, increased operating costs, excessively high furnace wall temperature, shortened equipment lifespan, and low secondary air temperature affecting combustion efficiency in traditional waste incinerators.

[0005] Therefore, this application provides an optimized structure for heat insulation of the furnace chamber of a waste incinerator to meet the requirements. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide an optimized structure for heat insulation of the furnace of a waste incinerator. Through an innovative double-layer structure design and air insulation system, it effectively reduces heat loss from the furnace and realizes waste heat recovery and utilization; optimizes the secondary air supply method to improve combustion efficiency; enhances structural stability, facilitates installation and maintenance, thereby improving the overall performance of the waste incinerator and reducing operating costs and pollutant emissions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: an optimized structure for heat insulation of a waste incinerator furnace, comprising an inner furnace wall, an outer furnace shell, and a blower.

[0008] The inner furnace wall forms the internal space of the furnace chamber, encompassing the front arch, rear arch, and side walls. The front and rear arches employ a water-cooled wall structure, which is made of seamless steel pipes welded with fins to form a membrane wall, exhibiting high temperature resistance and excellent thermal conductivity. The water-cooled wall has vertical and inclined sections, with secondary air vents evenly distributed on the vertical sections. These vents are used to introduce secondary air to enhance combustion. A grate is installed below the inner furnace wall to support the waste and facilitate its drying, combustion, and complete burning.

[0009] The outer furnace shell is installed on the outside of the inner furnace wall, forming a cavity between them that allows air circulation. The low thermal conductivity of air provides insulation. The outer furnace shell consists of an arched shell and side shells. The arched shell is precisely fitted to the shape of the water-cooled wall and assembled in parallel. The arched shell is equipped with an exhaust chamber and through holes. The exhaust chamber is elongated and arranged laterally along the arched shell, communicating with the cavity to extract hot air from within. The positions and sizes of the through holes correspond one-to-one with the secondary air through holes, facilitating smooth secondary air delivery.

[0010] The blower is a high-temperature resistant, high-volume centrifugal blower. Its air inlet is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is evenly connected to the exhaust chamber in multiple places to ensure that hot air is drawn evenly. The blower outlet is connected to the air supply pipe, and the end of the air supply pipe passes through the through hole and is sealed to the secondary air through hole to send the drawn hot air into the furnace as secondary air.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple sets of horizontally arranged hanging blocks are welded to the outer wall of the vertical section of the water-cooled wall. The hanging blocks are made of high-strength heat-resistant alloy material. Multiple sets of vertically arranged positioning columns are welded to the outer wall of the inclined section. The positioning columns are also made of high-strength heat-resistant alloy material. Hanging grooves and positioning grooves are correspondingly set on the inner side of the arch shell. The shape and size of the hanging grooves and hanging blocks are precisely matched. The positioning grooves and positioning columns are tightly fitted to achieve the initial positioning of the arch shell and the water-cooled wall.

[0012] Furthermore, slots are machined on the hanging blocks to ensure that the arch shell is securely inserted and does not loosen; a support plate is welded to the top of the positioning column. The support plate has a large area and can effectively support the arch shell and distribute the weight.

[0013] Furthermore, an installation plate is welded to the inner side of the hanging block. The installation plate is adjacent to the opening of the hanging groove. Screw holes are machined on both the installation plate and the support plate. Through holes are opened at corresponding positions on the arch shell. Bolts are passed through the through holes and screw holes. After tightening, the arch shell and the water-cooled wall are fixed in a limited position, ensuring the structure is stable and reliable under high temperature and vibration environments.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of secondary air vents is determined based on the furnace size and combustion requirements, and they are evenly distributed to ensure that secondary air enters the furnace uniformly; multiple connection points are set at the exhaust pipe and exhaust chamber, and they are evenly distributed along the length of the exhaust chamber to ensure uniform extraction of hot air.

[0015] Furthermore, baffles are welded to the upper and lower ends of the arch shell. One side of the baffle is tangent to the pipes on the water-cooled wall, precisely leaving a gap between the pipes. This not only protects the pipes on the water-cooled wall but also facilitates the introduction of external air.

[0016] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. High-efficiency heat insulation: The air insulation layer formed by the double-layer structure of the inner furnace wall and the outer furnace shell greatly reduces heat transfer efficiency, significantly improves energy utilization efficiency, and reduces operating costs.

[0018] 2. Waste heat recovery and utilization: The blower draws hot air from the cavity as secondary air. The preheated secondary air enters the furnace, which enhances the mixing effect with the high-temperature flue gas, optimizes the negative situation of cooling when the secondary air enters, promotes complete combustion of waste, improves combustion efficiency, and reduces pollutant emissions.

[0019] 3. Stable and reliable structure: The combination of hanging blocks, positioning columns and hanging grooves, and positioning grooves, along with bolt fixing, forms multiple stable connections, resulting in excellent vibration resistance. The design of the mounting plate and support plate further enhances the connection strength and facilitates disassembly and maintenance, reducing the difficulty and time cost of maintenance.

[0020] 4. Optimize secondary air distribution: The evenly distributed secondary air through holes and through holes, combined with the reasonable design of the exhaust chamber and exhaust pipe, enable the secondary air to diffuse evenly in the furnace, achieving a more stable and efficient combustion process. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner furnace wall of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point B;

[0027] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point C;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the arch shell structure of this utility model.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Inner furnace wall; 2. Water-cooled wall; 3. Outer furnace shell; 4. Arch shell; 5. Grate; 6. Fan; 20. Positioning column; 21. Support plate; 22. Hanging block; 23. Mounting plate; 24. Secondary air passage; 40. Exhaust chamber; 41. Positioning groove; 42. Hanging groove; 43. Baffle; 44. Through hole; 60. Exhaust duct; 61. Air supply duct. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Example: Reference Figure 1-7 The waste incinerator furnace insulation and heat preservation optimization structure shown includes an inner furnace wall 1, an outer furnace shell 3 and a blower 6. The inner furnace wall 1 also includes a front arch, a rear arch and a side wall. The front arch and the rear arch are both water-cooled walls 2. The water-cooled walls 2 are provided with vertical sections and inclined sections. The vertical sections are provided with secondary air passages 24. A grate 5 is provided below the inner furnace wall 1.

[0032] The outer furnace shell 3 is covered on the outside of the inner furnace wall 1, and a cavity is provided between the outer furnace shell 3 and the inner furnace wall 1. The outer furnace shell 3 also includes an arch shell 4 and a side shell. The shape of the arch shell 4 is adapted to the water-cooled wall 2. The arch shell 4 is provided with an exhaust chamber 40 and a through hole 44. The exhaust chamber 40 is connected to the cavity, and the through hole 44 is adapted to the secondary air through hole 24.

[0033] The air inlet of the fan 6 is connected to the exhaust chamber 40 through the exhaust pipe 60, and the air outlet of the fan 6 is connected to the air supply pipe 61. The end of the air supply pipe 61 passes through the through hole 44 and is connected to the secondary air through hole 24.

[0034] As one implementation method in this embodiment, to facilitate the installation of the arch shell 4 on the water-cooled wall 2, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, each group of water-cooled walls 2 has four sets of horizontally arranged hanging blocks 22 on the outer wall of the vertical section, and six sets of vertically arranged positioning columns 20 on the outer wall of the inclined section of each group of water-cooled walls 2. The arch shell 4 is provided with hanging grooves 42 and positioning grooves 41. The hanging grooves 42 are adapted to the hanging blocks 22, and the positioning grooves 41 are adapted to the positioning columns 20.

[0035] As one implementation method in this embodiment, to ensure stable installation between the arch shell 4 and the water-cooled wall 2, such as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the hanging block 22 is provided with a slot, which allows the arch shell 4 to be inserted. The positioning column 20 is provided with a support plate 21 for supporting the arch shell 4.

[0036] As one implementation method in this embodiment, to facilitate the installation and fixation of the arch shell 4 and the water-cooled wall 2, such as Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the hanging block 22 is provided with a mounting plate 23, which is adjacent to the inner side of the slot. The mounting plate 23 is used to cover the hanging slot 42. Both the mounting plate 23 and the support plate 21 are provided with screw holes. The arch shell 4 is provided with through holes corresponding to the screw holes. The screw holes and bolts can be used to limit and fix the arch shell 4 and the water-cooled wall 2.

[0037] As one implementation method in this embodiment, in order to achieve a uniform air extraction and supply effect, such as Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 As shown, there are four sets of secondary air vents 24 and vents 44, which are evenly distributed, and four sets of vents are evenly distributed at the connection between the exhaust pipe 60 and the exhaust chamber 40.

[0038] As one implementation method in this embodiment, in order to protect the water-cooled wall 2 and facilitate air entry into the cavity, such as Figure 7 As shown, baffles 43 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the arch shell 4. One side of the baffle 43 is tangent to the pipes on the water-cooled wall 2, exposing the gap between the pipes on the water-cooled wall 2.

[0039] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: First, install the inner furnace wall 1. Then, when installing the outer furnace shell 3, lift the arch shell 4 above the water-cooled wall 2. First, align the hanging groove 42 with the hanging block 22. At this time, due to the positioning and guidance of the mounting plate 23 for the arch shell 4, the positioning groove 41 is aligned with the positioning column 20. Then, slowly lower the arch shell 4. The hanging groove 42 slides along the hanging block 22, allowing the arch shell 4 to enter the slot. The positioning groove 41 is aligned with the positioning column 20. After that, the arch shell 4 falls on the support plate 21. Use bolts to pass through the through holes and screw them into the screw holes to fix the arch shell 4 to the water-cooled wall 2. Then, install the side shells on both sides of the arch shell 4.

[0040] During waste incineration, the waste is fed to the grate 5 via the feeding system and moves with the mechanical movement of the grate 5. The waste undergoes drying, combustion, and burnout stages sequentially on the grate 5. The combustion process generates high-temperature flue gas that fills the internal space of the inner furnace wall 1. The water-cooled wall 2 serves as the main heating surface and absorbs the radiant heat of the high-temperature flue gas through the steel pipe wall, heating the water flowing inside into a steam-water mixture. This mixture is then transported through pipelines to the subsequent steam-water separation and steam utilization system to achieve heat recovery.

[0041] In the cavity between the outer furnace shell 3 and the water-cooled wall 2, the air has a low thermal conductivity, forming a highly efficient heat insulation layer that effectively blocks heat from being transferred outward and keeps the surface temperature of the outer furnace shell 3 relatively low.

[0042] The blower 6 is started, and the blower 6 draws heated air from the vent chamber 40 through the vent 60. The hot air is then injected into the furnace at a certain flow rate and angle through the air supply duct 61, the through hole 44, and the secondary air through hole 24. The preheated secondary air mixes thoroughly with the high-temperature flue gas, providing sufficient oxygen for combustion, promoting the combustion of unburned combustibles, improving combustion efficiency, and reducing pollutant generation.

[0043] The baffle 43 can protect the water-cooled wall 2 at its end and facilitate the entry of air into the cavity for heating.

[0044] The electromechanical connections involved in this utility model are common practices used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through a limited number of experiments; they are common knowledge.

[0045] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A waste incinerator furnace heat insulation optimization structure, characterized in that, include: The inner furnace wall (1) further includes a front arch, a rear arch and a side wall. The front arch and the rear arch are both water-cooled walls (2). The water-cooled walls (2) are provided with vertical sections and inclined sections. The vertical sections are provided with secondary air passages (24). The grate (5) is provided below the inner furnace wall (1). The outer furnace shell (3) covers the outer side of the inner furnace wall (1), and a cavity is provided between the outer furnace shell (3) and the inner furnace wall (1). The outer furnace shell (3) also includes an arch shell (4) and a side shell. The arch shell (4) is adapted to the shape of the water-cooled wall (2). The arch shell (4) is provided with an exhaust chamber (40) and a through hole (44). The exhaust chamber (40) is connected to the cavity. The through hole (44) is adapted to the secondary air through hole (24). A fan (6) is provided with an air inlet connected to an exhaust pipe (60), which is connected to the exhaust chamber (40). An air outlet of the fan (6) is connected to an air supply pipe (61), the end of which passes through the through hole (44) and is connected to the secondary air through hole (24).

2. The optimized structure for heat insulation and thermal preservation of the furnace of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical section of the water-cooled wall (2) is provided with hanging blocks (22), and there are multiple sets of hanging blocks (22) arranged horizontally. The inclined section of the water-cooled wall (2) is provided with positioning columns (20), and there are multiple sets of positioning columns (20) arranged vertically. The arch shell (4) is provided with hanging grooves (42) and positioning grooves (41), and the hanging grooves (42) are adapted to the hanging blocks (22), and the positioning grooves (41) are adapted to the positioning columns (20).

3. The optimized heat insulation structure of a furnace chamber of a waste incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hanging block (22) is provided with a slot, which allows the arch shell (4) to be inserted. The positioning post (20) is provided with a support plate (21), which is used to support the arch shell (4).

4. The optimized heat insulation structure of a furnace chamber of a waste incinerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hanging block (22) is provided with an mounting plate (23), which is located inside the slot. The mounting plate (23) is used to cover the hanging slot (42). Both the mounting plate (23) and the support plate (21) are provided with screw holes. The arch shell (4) is provided with through holes corresponding to the screw holes. The screw holes and bolts can limit and fix the arch shell (4) and the water-cooled wall (2).

5. The optimized heat insulation structure of a furnace chamber of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary air passage (24) and the passage (44) are in multiple sets and evenly distributed, and the connection between the exhaust pipe (60) and the exhaust chamber (40) is in multiple sets and evenly distributed.

6. The optimized heat insulation structure of a furnace chamber of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper and lower ends of the arch shell (4) are provided with baffles (43). One side of the baffle (43) is tangent to the pipes on the water-cooled wall (2), exposing the gap between the pipes on the water-cooled wall (2).

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