An environmental simulation device for testing soft rock mass disintegration rate

Abstract

The utility model discloses an environmental simulation device for soft rock mass disintegration rate test, including the box for simulating environment, the box top is equipped with the box cover that can open, and the bottom surface of box cover is fixed with the sprinkling tray to the box, and the sprinkling tray is connected with the water source outside through the pipeline fixed on the box cover, and the rotatable sample stage of containing rock sample is equipped in the box, and the water wave manufacturing mechanism of simulating water wave impact rock mass is still provided in the box. The environmental simulation of the utility model is closer to the actual situation, and the comprehensiveness and accuracy of soft rock mass disintegration rate test are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of rock mass testing technology and relates to an environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock mass. Background Technology

[0002] Soft rocks, such as shale and mudstone, easily expand and disintegrate when exposed to water, directly affecting the long-term stability of slopes and tunnels. Traditional laboratory tests (such as uniaxial compression) cannot simulate the accelerating effect of natural environments (rainfall, sunlight, and water flow impact) on disintegration. For example, in cases of rainfall-induced slope instability, environmental simulation is needed to predict the disintegration rate and guide protective design. The complex disintegration mechanism caused by the coupling of multiple factors in the natural environment requires environmental simulation devices to control variables and provide repeatable quantitative data.

[0003] Existing experimental devices (such as the patent with announcement number CN 216955574 U) show that disintegration is the main process in a static water environment, which makes it difficult to reveal the influence of the synergistic effect of wet-dry cycles and water impact on the disintegration rate of soft rock masses; the uneven exposure of fixed samples in all directions amplifies the error in the unfavorable direction of the structural surface. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides an environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock masses. The environmental simulation is closer to reality, improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of soft rock mass disintegration rate testing.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is an environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock mass, including a box for simulating the environment. The top of the box is provided with an openable box cover. A water spraying plate is fixed to the bottom surface of the box cover facing the box. The water spraying plate is connected to an external water source through a pipe fixed to the box cover. The box is provided with a rotatable sample stage for holding rock samples. The box is also provided with a water wave generation mechanism to simulate water wave impact on rock mass.

[0006] Furthermore, the water wave generating mechanism includes a fixed ring fixed to the bottom of the housing and a rotating ring coaxially arranged on the fixed ring. The rotating ring is coaxial with the sample stage, and the diameter of the rotating ring is larger than that of the sample stage. The rotating ring is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism, and multiple wave-generating blades are fixed on the top surface of the rotating ring.

[0007] Furthermore, the top surface of the fixed ring is fixed with an annular boss, and the bottom of the rotating ring is provided with a groove that matches the boss. When the rotating ring is installed, the cooperation between the boss and the groove ensures the coaxiality of the rotating ring and the fixed ring during rotation.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a drive motor fixed inside the housing, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to a vertically arranged drive shaft, the bottom end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to a drive wheel, the axis of the drive wheel is parallel to the axis of the rotating ring, the outer wall of the rotating ring is provided with a gear ring, the drive wheel is a gear, and the gear meshes with the gear ring.

[0009] Furthermore, a horizontal limiting ring is fixed to the bottom of the outer wall of the rotating ring, the drive wheel is located above the limiting ring and the gap between the bottom surface of the drive wheel and the top surface of the limiting ring is 5-8mm. The drive wheel works with the limiting ring to restrict the upward movement of the rotating ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the box is provided with a drain outlet, a filter screen is added to the drain outlet, and a valve is fixed on the drain outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the sample stage is driven to rotate by a geared motor fixed to the bottom of the housing.

[0012] Furthermore, a ring-shaped light is fixed to the bottom surface of the box cover facing the inside of the box. The ring-shaped light is located around the water spray plate. A transparent waterproof cover is installed on the surface of the light through a silicone sealant. A water-retaining skirt is added to the edge of the water spray plate.

[0013] Furthermore, an observation window is provided on the side wall of the enclosure, and a transparent sealing plate is fixed inside the observation window.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. Repeated water wave impacts produce mechanical fatigue effects, accelerating disintegration. There is a nonlinear relationship between the intensity of water wave impact and the disintegration rate. This invention simulates the dynamic impact of water on rocks through a water wave generation mechanism, making the environmental simulation closer to reality. Combined with multi-factor coupling simulation of light lamps and sprinkler trays, it can test the synergistic effect of light, water impact and precipitation leading to more complex disintegration behavior.

[0016] 2. This utility model designs a rotatable sample stage, driven by a geared motor, which allows the rock sample to rotate during the test, achieving uniform exposure to water, erosion, and light environments, reducing local erosion deviations, making the test results more reliable, and improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of soft rock mass disintegration rate testing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the state of the box when the lid is opened according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the box in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water wave manufacturing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram, 1. Box body, 2. Box cover, 3. Pipe, 4. Observation window, 5. Sprinkler tray, 6. Illuminator, 7. Sample stage, 8. Water wave generating mechanism, 81. Fixing ring, 82. Boss, 83. Rotating ring, 84. Wave generating blade, 85. Limiting ring, 9. Drive wheel, 10. Drive shaft, 11. Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] An example of an environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock masses, such as... Figure 1-2 As shown, the device includes a housing 1 for simulating an environment. The top of the housing 1 is provided with an openable cover 2. A water spray plate 5 is fixed to the bottom surface of the cover 2 facing the inside of the housing 1. The water spray plate 5 is connected to an external water source through a pipe 3 fixed to the cover 2.

[0025] A ring-shaped light 6 is fixed to the bottom surface of the cover 2 facing inwards from the body 1. The ring-shaped light 6 is located around the sprinkler tray 5 and simulates a lighting environment. A transparent waterproof cover is installed on the surface of the light 6 through a silicone sealant. A water-retaining skirt is added to the edge of the sprinkler tray 5 to prevent water from seeping into the light body. The sprinkler tray 5 is a high-pressure atomizing nozzle with a nozzle orifice diameter of 0.5 mm to 2 mm. The water flow rate can be adjusted through an external water source valve. The light 6 is a full-spectrum LED light with an adjustable brightness range of 100–1000 lux.

[0026] In some embodiments, the light lamp 6 is model FAD-S-L100xZ or FAD-S-L150XZ and has waterproof and dustproof functions.

[0027] An observation window 4 is provided on the side wall of the enclosure 1. A transparent sealing plate is fixed inside the observation window 4 to facilitate the user to observe the situation inside the enclosure 1.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the chamber 1 contains a rotatable sample stage 7 for holding rock samples. The sample stage 7 is directly connected to the output shaft of a geared motor fixed to the bottom of the chamber 1 via a coupling. The speed of the geared motor is adjustable from 0 to 10 rpm to adapt to different testing requirements. The geared motor is placed inside a waterproof sealed chamber, and a rotary seal is installed where the drive shaft passes through the chamber wall.

[0029] The box 1 is also equipped with a water wave generation mechanism 8 that simulates water waves impacting the rock mass.

[0030] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the water wave generating mechanism 8 includes a fixed ring 81 fixed to the bottom of the housing 1, a coaxial rotating ring 83 on the fixed ring 81, an annular boss 82 fixed to the top surface of the fixed ring 81, and a groove matching the boss 82 on the bottom of the rotating ring 83. When the rotating ring 83 is installed, the cooperation between the boss 82 and the groove ensures the coaxiality of the rotating ring 83 with the fixed ring 81 during rotation. Multiple wave-generating blades 84 are fixed to the top surface of the rotating ring 83. The rotating ring 83 is coaxial with the sample stage 7, and the diameter of the rotating ring 83 is larger than that of the sample stage 7.

[0031] A drive wheel 9 is provided on one side of the rotating ring 83. The axis of the drive wheel 9 is parallel to the axis of the rotating ring 83. A gear ring is provided on the outer wall of the rotating ring 83. The drive wheel 9 is a gear, and the gear meshes with the gear ring. The upper end of the drive wheel 9 is fixedly connected to a vertically arranged drive shaft 10. The drive shaft 10 is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 11. The drive motor 11 drives the drive wheel 9 to rotate through the drive shaft 10, which drives the rotating ring 83 to rotate through meshing transmission. This drives the wave-generating blades 84 to rotate, generating water waves to simulate the effect of water impact. The rotating ring 83 is made of lightweight materials (such as carbon fiber). The drive shaft 10 is fixed to the side wall of the housing 1 through a bearing seat. A spring pressure device is provided between the drive wheel 9 and the rotating ring 83 to ensure constant contact pressure. The drive motor 11 is placed in a waterproof sealed chamber.

[0032] In some embodiments, a horizontal limiting ring 85 is fixed to the bottom of the outer wall of the rotating ring 83, the drive wheel 9 is located above the limiting ring 85 and the gap between the bottom surface of the drive wheel 9 and the top surface of the limiting ring 85 is 5–8 mm. The drive wheel 9 cooperates with the limiting ring 85 to restrict the upward movement of the rotating ring 83. Lubricant can be filled in the gap to reduce thermal expansion or impurities from entering.

[0033] In some embodiments, the water wave generating mechanism 8 is located at the bottom of the housing 1, and the top height of the wave-generating blades 84 is not lower than the bottom surface of the sample stage 7, ensuring that the water depth covers the sample stage 7 when the housing is filled with water, and the water waves can directly impact the rock sample. The wave-generating blades 84 are tilted at 30–45°; when simulating water wave impact in water storage mode, the rotation speed of the sample stage 7 is less than 10% of the water wave frequency. During the experiment, the water flow status is monitored through the observation window 4, and the rotation speed of the sample stage 7 is gradually adjusted until the water wave impact effect is stable, reducing the interference of the rotation of the sample stage 7 with the impact effect generated by the water wave generating mechanism 8.

[0034] Water is sprayed onto the rock sample placed on the sample stage 7 via the water spray tray 5 to simulate rainy weather. When water is stored inside the chamber 1, the water wave generating mechanism 8 can simulate the effect of water impacting the rock, thus fully simulating the soft rock environment when testing the soft rock disintegration rate. It should be noted that, to simulate the actual rock environment, a ventilation system can be set up to simulate wind force if needed; a temperature control system can be set up to simulate ambient temperature. These technologies are existing technologies and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0035] The bottom of the chamber 1 is equipped with a drain outlet, and a valve is fixed to the drain outlet. A filter screen is added to the drain outlet, and the valve is a large-diameter ball valve for easy cleaning of impurities. When simulating a water impact environment, the valve can be closed to allow the chamber 1 to store water; when simulating a rain environment, the valve can be opened to allow water to drain freely out of the chamber 1.

[0036] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model are included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock mass, comprising a housing (1) for simulating the environment, characterized in that, The top of the box (1) is provided with an openable box cover (2). A water spray plate (5) is fixed on the bottom surface of the box cover (2) facing the box (1). The water spray plate (5) is connected to an external water source through a pipe (3) fixed on the box cover (2). The box (1) is provided with a rotatable sample stage (7) for holding rock samples. The box (1) is also provided with a water wave manufacturing mechanism (8) that simulates water wave impacting the rock mass.

2. The environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water wave generating mechanism (8) includes a fixed ring (81) fixed to the bottom of the box (1) and a rotating ring (83) coaxially arranged on the fixed ring (81). The rotating ring (83) is coaxial with the sample stage (7) and the diameter of the rotating ring (83) is larger than that of the sample stage (7). The rotating ring (83) is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism, and multiple wave-generating blades (84) are fixed on the top surface of the rotating ring (83).

3. The environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock mass according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top surface of the fixed ring (81) is fixed with an annular boss (82), and the bottom of the rotating ring (83) is provided with a groove that matches the boss (82). When the rotating ring (83) is installed, the coaxiality of the rotating ring (83) and the fixed ring (81) is ensured by the cooperation of the boss (82) and the groove during the rotation.

4. The environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock mass according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a drive motor (11) fixed inside the housing (1). The output shaft of the drive motor (11) is connected to a vertically arranged drive shaft (10). The bottom end of the drive shaft (10) is fixedly connected to a drive wheel (9). The axis of the drive wheel (9) is parallel to the axis of the rotating ring (83). The outer wall of the rotating ring (83) is provided with a gear ring. The drive wheel (9) is a gear, and the gear meshes with the gear ring.

5. The environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock mass according to claim 4, characterized in that, A horizontal limiting ring (85) is fixed at the bottom of the outer wall of the rotating ring (83). The drive wheel (9) is located above the limiting ring (85) and the gap between the bottom surface of the drive wheel (9) and the top surface of the limiting ring (85) is 5–8 mm. The drive wheel (9) works with the limiting ring (85) to restrict the rotating ring (83) from moving upward.

6. The environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the box (1) is provided with a drain outlet, a filter screen is added to the drain outlet, and a valve is fixed on the drain outlet.

7. The environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample stage (7) is driven to rotate by a geared motor fixed to the bottom of the box (1).

8. The environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the box cover (2) facing the box body (1) is also fixed with a ring-shaped light lamp (6). The ring-shaped light lamp (6) is located around the water spray plate (5). The surface of the light lamp (6) is covered with a transparent waterproof cover through a silicone sealant. A water-blocking skirt is added to the edge of the water spray plate (5).

9. An environmental simulation device for testing the disintegration rate of soft rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, An observation window (4) is provided on the side wall of the box (1), and a transparent sealing plate is fixed inside the observation window (4).

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