Connection system for wood, wood-concrete or metal structures

Abstract

Connection system for timber, timber-concrete or metal structures, comprising at least two angled mounting elements (10, 20) which are perforated by holes (31, 32, 33) and can be fastened with screws, dowels and / or nails by means of which the mounting elements (10, 20) can be attached to components (90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95) of the structure, wherein each pair of mounting elements (10, 20) are connected to each other by at least one bar (40) and form a connection node (50, 50a, 52, 54) which, in the assembled state, encloses at least one component (90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95) of the structure in a cage-like manner, wherein the mounting elements (10, 20) have legs (12, 13, 22, 23, 24) which are perpendicular to each other. are arranged and a fold (15, 25, 26, 27) is formed between each of the legs (12, 13, 22, 23, 24), characterized in that the fold (15, 25, 26, 27) is designed as a diagonal web,which ideally extends at an angle of 45° between the two legs (12, 13, 22, 23, 24) connected by the fold (15, 25, 26, 27), and is penetrated by at least one hole (32) and forms a bearing surface for the screw head of at least one screw (61) screwed in there or for the head of a nail driven in there.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a connection system for wood, wood-concrete or metal constructions, with angled mounting elements which are perforated with holes and are attached to the components of the construction by means of screws, dowels and / or nails. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] German patent DE 296 10 381 U1 describes a metal connector, in particular made of sheet metal, for the concealed end-face connection of a first wooden beam to a structural element, in particular a second beam running perpendicular to the beam to be connected. The known fastener is not suitable for absorbing and transmitting a wide variety of forces and is itself not very rigid. The described fastener is rather unsuitable for more demanding engineering structures.

[0003] Furthermore, some connectors have an unfavorable size that makes it difficult to counteract the connection forces. This makes the known connectors difficult to use.

[0004] Also known are the versatile beam shoes, such as those described in DE 101 48 977 B4. However, these are only suitable for simple connections, e.g., between a secondary beam and a main beam.

[0005] From DE 200 08 587 U1, a connection system is known that comprises a fitting which is to be mounted in pairs and the fitting parts are connected by a bolt that penetrates the component. Each fitting part is partially embedded in the material of the parts to be joined in order to absorb additional shear and transverse forces. This requires that the components to be joined be pre-machined by slotting their heads to accommodate a tab of the fitting. This represents an additional work step and also weakens the component.

[0006] US Patent 6,311,449 B1 describes a fitting with bolt holes through which latches can be inserted. The latches connect two fittings forming a pair, with the latch also passing through the component in between. However, the latch is the only fitting component from which forces can be transferred. To absorb additional forces, this angled fitting incorporates stabilizing struts between its legs.

[0007] In KR 10 1 195 098 B, a fastener is described which must also be embedded in a component which is machined for this purpose.

[0008] US 2016 / 0168840A1 describes a connector which, similar to a joist hanger, has a predetermined size. This means that the component to be connected is held by a fitting with a fork, so that one type of connector can only accommodate a component of a specific size.

[0009] WO 2018 / 130 551 A1 describes a connection system for timber structures that uses angle elements to join two components by screwing screws through pre-made openings into the components. The screw-in angle is crucial for the quality of the fastening and must be chosen arbitrarily by the installer. TASK STATEMENT

[0010] The present invention aims to create an improved connection system that can be used in civil engineering. In particular, the system should be easy to install without requiring any additional processing of the structural elements of timber, timber-concrete, or metal constructions for the connection. The building materials suitable for this purpose can also be composites of the aforementioned materials or equivalent materials not mentioned herein.

[0011] This problem is solved by a connection system according to the proposed claim 1.

[0012] Further advantageous details and embodiments of the invention, as well as further developments and variants, can be seen from the dependent claims and the drawing explained below. ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION

[0013] According to the invention, a connection system for wood, wood-concrete or metal structures is proposed, comprising at least two angle-shaped mounting elements which are perforated by holes and with screws, dowels and / or nails by means of which the mounting elements can be fastened to components of the structure, wherein two mounting elements are connected to each other by at least one bar and form a connecting node which, in the assembled state, encloses at least one component of the structure in a cage-like manner, wherein the mounting elements have legs which are arranged at right angles to each other and a rebate is formed between the legs.

[0014] The invention is characterized in that the fold is designed as a diagonal web, which ideally extends at an angle of 45° between the two connected legs, and is penetrated by at least one hole and forms a bearing surface for the screw head of at least one screw screwed in there or for the head of a nail driven in there.

[0015] The invention enables the transmission of forces acting in different ways. The mounting elements interacting within a fastening group no longer share a common base plate, as is the case, for example, with known joist hangers. In a joist hanger, the plates surrounding the wooden component, for instance, have a predetermined distance from each other due to their one-piece design. The proposed system differs significantly from this, as, for example, two separate mounting elements form a connection system. The interaction of even a single pair of angle brackets is achieved through the transverse connecting bars, each formed by a bolt or carriage bolt. This makes it possible to generate an additional clamping effect.

[0016] A very special advantage of the system according to the invention is that aesthetic aspects are also taken into account with the proposed components, since the connection points between the mounting elements and the wood, wood-concrete or metal structures can be made inconspicuous.

[0017] The proposed connection system allows for both universal and individual design of connection nodes and can transmit any forces from all sides. This makes the proposed connection system applicable to lightweight timber structures as well as relatively long-span structures made of wood-concrete or metal composites, thus optimizing the overall structural system. The invention allows for the creation of structural nodes without requiring any modification of the main or secondary beams or the ceiling elements for the connection.

[0018] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a first mounting element is an approximately right-angled, two-legged angle bracket, and a second mounting element is preferably a three-legged corner bracket. The combination of two identical mounting elements, joined by a screw connection to form a common functional pair, alone allows for a secure connection of building components. Furthermore, the material structure is protected, particularly in the case of wooden building components, since the mounting elements perform load-distributing functions and thus protect the structural components.

[0019] Preferably, the mounting elements have legs that are arranged at right angles to each other and are at least partially perforated with holes. The arrangement of the holes is chosen so that different fasteners can be driven in along various, even inclined, screw-in axes. The resulting hole pattern allows for optimal force transmission.

[0020] Advantageously, a fold is formed between each leg, which according to the invention is penetrated by at least one hole and which provides an inclined screw-in axis for the screw driven in here.

[0021] The invention provides that the fold is designed as a diagonal rib. Ideally, the rib extends at an angle of 45° between the two legs and forms an optimal bearing surface for the screw head of the screw inserted there.

[0022] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the legs of the mounting element are arranged in the form of a corner angle such that they form an open, housing-like inner corner, with one leg forming the base and the two adjacent legs forming walls erected at right angles on the base leg, enclosing a right angle between them and forming a butt joint. A mounting element shaped in this way can be used with adjacent mounting elements to form cross joints and transmit forces oriented in different directions.

[0023] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the butt joint of the two adjacent legs is welded. A corresponding weld seam gives the mounting element sufficient inherent rigidity.

[0024] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that a group of mounting elements forms a fork connection. In engineered timber construction, a fork connection is, in itself, a structurally demanding connection. The possibility of forming pairs and groups using individual, interconnected mounting elements of the present invention significantly minimizes the static load on the individual element.

[0025] It is particularly preferred that a further component of the system is a connecting fitting that can preferably be recessed into a timber structure. This not only fulfills the aesthetic requirements of modern building construction but also allows for a structurally demanding design. The invention allows the individual elements to be combined with a wide variety of fittings without requiring any modification of the mounting elements. Their pre-drilled hole pattern enables discreet adaptation, with the legs of the angled mounting elements serving as load-distributing plates for the mounting screws of the connecting fittings.

[0026] The connection of two structural elements, in particular main and secondary beams made of wood, metal or concrete, usually presents problems which are also solved by the invention by absorbing secondary moments that can occur when components are butt-jointed.

[0027] Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the following description, the drawing, and the claims. There are various ways to advantageously develop and further refine the teaching of the present invention. For this purpose, reference should be made, on the one hand, to the dependent claims and, on the other hand, to the following explanation of an exemplary embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawing. EXAMPLE OF EXECUTION

[0028] In conjunction with the explanation of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawing, generally preferred embodiments and further developments of the teaching are also explained.

[0029] The drawing shows: Fig. 1 a perspective view of a first assembly element in the form of a two-legged angle, Fig. 2 a front view of the long side of the mounting element Fig. 1, Fig. 3 a side view of the mounting element made of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 4 a bottom view of the mounting element made of Fig. 1 to 3, Fig. 5 a top view of the mounting element made of Fig. 1 to 4, Fig. 6 a perspective view of a second assembly element in the form of a three-legged inside corner, Fig. 7 a front view of the mounting element Fig. 6, Fig. 8 a side view of the mounting element made of Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, Fig. 9 a top view of the mounting element Fig. 6 to 8, Fig. 10 a perspective view from below of a first connection node, Fig. 11 a perspective view of the first connection node from the Fig. 10 from the top, Fig. 12 a side view of the connection node from Fig. 10 and Fig. 11, Fig. 13 a front view of the long side of the connection node from Fig. 10 to 12, Fig. 14 a bottom view of the connection node from Fig. 10 to 13, Fig. 15 a top view of the connection node from Fig. 10 to 13, Fig. 16 a perspective view of a second connection node, Fig. 17 a perspective view of the second connection node from the Fig. 16 from the bottom, Fig. 18 a side view of the second connection node from Fig. 16 and Fig. 17, Fig. 19 a top view of the second connection node from Fig. 16 to 18, Fig. 20 a bottom view of the second connection node from Fig. 16 to 19, Fig. 21 a perspective view of a third connection node, Fig. 22 a front view of the third connection node from the in Fig. 21 indicated direction A, Fig. 23 a side view of the third connection node from Fig. 21 and Fig. 22, Fig. 24 a top view of the third connection node from Fig. 21 to 23, Fig. 25 a side view of a connecting fitting, Fig. 26 a bottom view of the connecting fitting made of Fig. 25, Fig. 27 a top view of the connecting fitting made of Fig. 25 and Fig. 26, Fig. 28 a sectional view of the connecting fitting made of Fig. 25 to 27, Fig. 29 a top view of the connecting fitting according to Fig. 28, Fig. 30 an exploded view of the connecting fitting, Fig. 31 the first connecting node Fig. 10 with force curves indicated by arrows, Fig. 32 the connecting node from Fig. 31 with the assembled wooden components of a floor, Fig. 33 a second connection node with force profiles indicated by arrows Fig. 34 the connecting node from Fig. 33 with the assembled wooden components of two floors, Fig. 35 another connection node with force profiles indicated by arrows and Fig. 36 the connecting node from Fig. 35 with the assembled and intersecting wooden components of two floors.

[0030] A first assembly element 10 is in the Fig. Figures 1 to 5 illustrate this. This is preferably a two-legged angle bent from a plate body, the legs 12, 13 of which form a right angle α. Both the longer leg 12 and the shorter leg 13 are pierced by holes 31, 33. The holes have different diameters and are therefore suitable for receiving various fasteners.

[0031] The holes 31 are designed to accommodate a screw of a connecting fitting or a bolt, with both the screw and the connecting fitting being inserted into the Fig. Numbers 1 to 5 are not shown.

[0032] The holes 32 in the rabbet 15 connecting the legs are used, for example, to accommodate fully threaded screws, while the holes 33 are intended for thinner screws or nails. These screws and nails are also in the Fig. Numbers 1 to 5 are not shown.

[0033] The holes 32 in the rebate 15 divide the right angle α, thus providing the screws to be inserted there with an angle of inclination of 45°. For this purpose, the rebate 15 is preferably designed as an arc with a radius approximately adapted to the screw head. As an alternative embodiment, the rebate can run diagonally to the two legs 12 and 13, or the plate body can be bent with sharp edges. To eliminate the risk of injury, the edges 17 of the legs are rounded.

[0034] A second mounting element 20 is in the Fig. Figures 6 to 9 illustrate this. This is again a corner bracket, preferably bent from a plate body, with three legs 22, 23, 24, the fold 27 of which is stabilized between the two adjacent legs 22, 23 by a weld 29. A 90° angle α is enclosed between the legs 22, 23, between the legs 22, 24, and between the legs 23, 24. Thus, the corner bracket can be used as both an inside and an outside corner. The legs 22, 23, 24 are pierced by holes 31, 33, and the folds 25, 26, 27 by holes 32. The different diameters of the holes and their function correspond to those of the first mounting element. Since the mounting element 20 is cut out of a plate and deformed, the two adjacent legs 22 and 24 or 23 and 24 are joined by a true fold 25 or 25 respectively.26 connected, while between the two legs 22 and 23 along the butt line 28 there is an open fold edge 27 which is at least partially closed by a weld 29 and thereby stabilizes the leg positions.

[0035] The Fig. Figures 10 to 15 illustrate an application example of the mounting element 10. In this embodiment, two mounting elements 10 form a connection node 50, i.e., a junction point where differently acting forces converge and a corresponding structure is created by an engineered connection of the wooden components, which absorbs these forces.

[0036] In timber construction, longitudinal, corner, transverse, and cross connections are encountered, resulting in compressive, tensile, and shear forces. The invention takes these conditions into account by enabling various design options with the proposed connection system.

[0037] In the illustrated embodiment, a connecting fitting 45, which is countersunk into a wooden component (not shown in detail here) and thus no longer visible, is used for anchoring. It serves as a concealed connecting element for creating connections between a column and a beam or between a main and secondary beam, as well as between a steel plate and a beam.

[0038] The screws 46 inserted into the connecting fitting 45 are driven obliquely into the wooden component at a predetermined angle.

[0039] The connection to the mounting element 10 is made via the screw 48. The screws 61 inserted through the fold 15 also have a predetermined screw-in angle.

[0040] The mounting elements do not have a common base plate, as is the case, for example, with known joist hangers, where the plates surrounding a wooden component have a predetermined distance from one another. The system according to the invention differs significantly in this respect. In the present and subsequent embodiments, the interaction of a pair of angles is achieved by the transverse connecting bars 40, each formed by a carriage bolt. This makes it possible to generate an additional clamping effect. The connection shown here as an example, and those in the following examples, replace a conventional fork connector.

[0041] The Fig. Figures 16 to 20 show an application example of the mounting element 20. Here, a group of four mounting elements 20, each in the form of a corner bracket, forms a connection node 52. The connecting fittings 45 are again used here, into which the screws 46, guided at a specific angle of rotation, are inserted and finally secured by means of the screws 48. The screws 48 also serve to connect the connecting fitting 45 to the respective mounting element. Additionally, the screws 61, which protrude through the rebate 25, 26, 27, are screwed into the components. The holes 33 provide further fastening options. The connection node 52 enables the joining of a floor slab and the walls of a floor level, with the connection of the mounting elements 20 being achieved by the bars 40.

[0042] The Fig. Figures 21 to 24 show an application example of the mounting element 20. Here, a group of eight mounting elements 20 forms a connection node 54 where the floor slab and the walls of two floor levels are joined. The elements used here are designated with the reference symbols from the preceding figures. The connecting fitting 45, which can also be used, as shown in the preceding illustrations, is not shown here.

[0043] The Fig. Figures 25 to 30 show the connecting fitting 45. It comprises a cylindrical housing 47 with an approximately conical chamber 49, which tapers to a circular cylinder in the upper section 71. Six through holes 73, distributed around the inner circumference of the conical section 72, pierce the housing wall. The through holes extend orthogonally to the conical inner wall, which runs at an angle of approximately 45° to the central axis 49 of the connecting fitting. Accordingly, the screws 46 inserted into the through holes are inclined. The upper edge 76 of the screw head 75 of the screws is flush with the inner wall of the cone. The upper, circular cylindrical section 71 of the chamber 49 has an internal thread 77 into which a plug 78 is screwed. The plug 78 presses against the screw heads 75, thereby stabilizing the inclined orientation of the screws 46.The plug 78 has a through-hole 79, while a threaded bore 80 continues in the housing 47 below the conical section of the chamber. The in . Fig. The screw 48 shown in Figure 11 protrudes through the plug, engages in this threaded bore and thereby establishes a connection with the respective mounting element 10 or 20.

[0044] The Fig. 31 and Fig. 32 show the one already in Fig. 10 illustrated connection nodes 50, wherein in Fig. Figure 31 shows the forces acting on the two mounting elements 10, indicated by the arrows. Fig. Figure 32 shows components 90 and 91 of the timber construction, here a floor slab and a wall.

[0045] The Fig. 33 and Fig. Figure 34 shows a connection node 50a where the components 90, 91, 92 of the timber structure of two floor levels are joined. Four mounting elements 10 are used in this connection node and are connected to each other by the transoms 40. Here, the mounting elements 10 of one floor level are connected to each other by two transoms to form a system pair, and each pair of two floor levels is also connected to each other by two transoms. No connecting fitting was used in this connection node; instead, only screws 61 were used, which are driven through the holes in the rebates 15 of the mounting elements 10.

[0046] The Fig. 35 and Fig.Figure 36 shows a connection node 54 where component 90 is connected to intersecting components 91, 92, 93 of the upper floor level, or to components 94, 95 and another component of the timber structure of the lower floor level (not shown here). Eight mounting elements 20 are inserted into this connection node and are connected to each other by the beams 40.

[0047] The embodiments of the invention shown in the figures are merely particularly preferred examples. They are not limited to building structures made of wood, metal, or concrete. The system components according to the invention are also suitable for use in so-called mixed constructions and allow the connection of structural nodes, for example, made of wood to concrete. The system components themselves are preferably made of metal sheets. However, the inventive concept is not precluded by the substitution of suitable materials. REFERENCE MARK LIST 10 First mounting element (two-legged angle) 12 legs of 10 13 legs of 10 15 folds between 12 and 13 17 edges of 12 / 13 20 second mounting element (three-legged inside corner) 22 thighs out of 20 23 thighs out of 20 24 thighs of 20 25 fold between 22 and 24 26 fold between 23 and 24 27 fold between 22 and 23 28 Impact line between 22 and 23 29 weld seam on 28 31 holes 32 holes 33 holes 40 bars 45 Connecting fitting 46 screw in 45 47 cylindrical housing of 45 48 screw out of 45 49th chamber in 47 50 connection nodes (two-part) 50a Connection node (four-part) Connection node (four-part) 52 connection nodes (four-part) 54 connection nodes (eight-part) 61 screws in folds 71 upper cylindrical area of ​​49 72 conical section of 49 73 through holes out of 49 74 Center axis of 45 75 screw head 76 Top edge of 75 77 internal threads of 49 78 plugs out of 45 79 through hole in 78 80 threaded holes in 47 90 Component of the wooden structure 91 Component of the timber construction 92 Component of the wooden structure 93 Component of the wooden structure 94 Component of the wooden structure 95 Component of the wooden structure

Claims

[1] Connection system for timber, timber-concrete or metal structures, comprising at least two angled mounting elements (10, 20) which are perforated by holes (31, 32, 33) and which can be fastened to components (90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95) of the structure with screws, dowels and / or nails, by means of which the mounting elements (10, 20) can be fastened to components (90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95) of the structure, wherein two mounting elements (10, 20) are connected to each other by at least one bar (40) and form a connection node (50, 50a, 52, 54) which, in the assembled state, encloses at least one component (90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95) of the structure in a cage-like manner, wherein the mounting elements (10, 20) have legs (12, 13, 22, 23, 24) which are oriented towards each other are arranged at right angles and a fold (15, 25, 26, 27) is formed between each of the legs (12, 13, 22, 23, 24), characterized by, that the fold (15, 25, 26, 27) is designed as a diagonal web which ideally extends at an angle of 45° between the two legs (12, 13, 22, 23, 24) connected by the fold (15, 25, 26, 27), and is penetrated by at least one hole (32) and forms a bearing surface for the screw head of at least one screw (61) screwed in there or for the head of a nail driven in there. [2] Connection system according to claim 1, characterized by , that a first mounting element (10) is an approximately right-angled and two-legged, preferably metallic, angle. [3] Connection system according to claim 1, characterized by , that a second mounting element (20) is a preferably three-legged and preferably metallic corner bracket. [4] Connection system according to claims 2 or 3, characterized by , that the thighs ( 12, 13, 22, 23, 24) are at least partially intersected by holes (31, 33). [5] Connection system according to claim 3, characterized by , that the legs (22, 23, 24) of the mounting element (20) are aligned to each other in the form of a corner angle so that they form an open housing-like inner corner, wherein one leg (24) forms the bottom and the two adjacent legs (22, 23) form right-angled walls on the bottom leg (24), enclosing a right angle between them and forming a butt joint (28). [6] Connection system according to claim 5, characterized by , that the butt joint (28) of the two adjacent legs (22, 23) is welded together. [7] Connection system according to claims 1 to 6, characterized by , that a group of mounting elements (10, 20) form a fork connection. [8] Connection system according to claims 1 to 7, characterized by , that a further component of the system is a connecting fitting (45) which can preferably be recessed into a wooden structure. [9] Connection system according to claim 8, characterized by , that the legs of the angled mounting elements (10, 20) form a load distribution plate for a mounting screw (48) of at least one connecting fitting (45).

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