Manufacturing device and manufacturing method for composite segment

Abstract

To provide a manufacturing device and a manufacturing method for a composite segment capable of suppressing deformation of a skin plate when filling the inside of a steel shell with concrete during manufacturing of the composite segment.SOLUTION: A manufacturing device for a composite segment is used when filling concrete inside a frame body and skin plate, and comprises: a pair of main girder fixing portions that face outer surfaces of the pair of main girders and to which the pair of main girders are fixed; a foundation portion that supports the pair of main girder fixing portions from below; and a plurality of support materials that are provided on the foundation portion and arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the pair of main girder fixing portions face each other, and support an outer circumferential side of the skin plate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 14

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a synthetic segment for forming an earth retaining structure buried in the ground.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, synthetic segments for forming earth retaining structures such as tunnels have been known. A synthetic segment is formed by arranging a reinforcing cage inside a steel shell having a main girder forming an axial end face of the earth retaining structure, a joint plate forming a circumferential end face, and a skin plate forming an outer peripheral face, and filling a filler such as concrete. Since the synthetic segment integrally forms the steel shell and the filler to ensure strength and rigidity, it can resist the earth pressure from the surrounding ground.

[0003] One of the tunnel construction methods is the shield method. The shield method is a method in which, every time a shield machine installed in a shaft is advanced by a certain length, an arc-shaped synthetic segment is assembled in a ring shape behind the shield machine to construct a segment ring, and this is sequentially extended to form a cylindrical lining to construct a shield tunnel. In the shield method, the shield machine is advanced using the segment ring as a reaction support to construct a tunnel.

[0004] When constructing a curved portion of a tunnel, the shield machine needs to gradually change the propulsion direction by applying a rotational force to the shield by pushing the outside of the curved portion of the tunnel with a propulsion jack. Therefore, in the curved portion of the tunnel, an eccentric force is generated with respect to the tunnel cross section because the tunnel is pushed unidirectionally by the propulsion jack. Along with this, in the inner side of the curved portion of the tunnel, a relatively large tensile force acts in the axial direction of the tunnel in reaction to the unidirectional push of the propulsion jack. To resist the tensile force, the synthetic segment is provided with plate-like members made of steel plates called a plurality of vertical ribs that connect the opposing main girders inside the steel shell (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005] Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-63613 Summary of the Invention Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] When filling the inside of a steel shell with concrete during the production of the synthetic segment disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that the skin plate bulges due to the weight of the concrete and the skin plate is deformed.

[0007] The present disclosure solves the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method for a synthetic segment capable of suppressing deformation of a skin plate when filling the inside of a steel shell with concrete during the production of the synthetic segment. Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] The manufacturing apparatus for a synthetic segment according to the present disclosure is a synthetic segment that constitutes a cylindrical body buried as an earth retaining structure, and includes a pair of main girders that extend in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body and are arranged with their plate surfaces facing each other in the axial direction of the cylindrical body, a pair of joint plates joined to both ends in the circumferential direction of each of the pair of main girders, a skin plate joined to the outer peripheral side in the radial direction of the cylindrical body with respect to a frame body constituted by the pair of main girders and the pair of joint plates, and a reinforcing bar unit arranged between the pair of main girders. The manufacturing apparatus for a synthetic segment is used when filling the inside of the frame body and the skin plate with concrete, and includes a pair of main girder fixing parts that face the outer surfaces of the pair of main girders and to which the pair of main girders are fixed, a base part that supports the pair of main girder fixing parts from below, and a plurality of receiving members that are provided on the base part, arranged at intervals along a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the pair of main girder fixing parts face each other, and support the outer peripheral side of the skin plate.

[0009] The manufacturing method of the synthetic segment according to the present disclosure is a synthetic segment that constitutes a cylindrical body to be embedded as a retaining structure. It includes a pair of main girders that extend in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body and are arranged with their plate surfaces facing each other in the axial direction of the cylindrical body, a pair of joint plates joined to both ends in the circumferential direction of each of the pair of main girders, a skin plate joined to the outer peripheral side in the radial direction of the cylindrical body with respect to the frame formed by the pair of main girders and the pair of joint plates, and a reinforcing bar unit arranged between the pair of main girders. The manufacturing method is as follows: using a manufacturing apparatus provided with a pair of main girder fixing parts that face the outer surfaces of the pair of main girders and to which the pair of main girders are fixed, a base part that supports the pair of main girder fixing parts from below, and a plurality of receiving members provided on the base part and arranged at intervals along a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the pair of main girder fixing parts face, and that support the outer peripheral side of the skin plate. The pair of main girders are fixed to the pair of main girder fixing parts, and with the skin plate supported by the plurality of receiving members, concrete is filled inside the frame and the skin plate.

Effects of the Invention

[0010] When filling concrete inside the frame and the skin plate in the manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method of the synthetic segment of the present disclosure, a pair of main girder fixing parts that face the outer surfaces of the pair of main girders and to which the pair of main girders are fixed, a base part that supports the pair of main girder fixing parts from below, and a plurality of receiving members provided on the base part and arranged at intervals along a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the pair of main girder fixing parts face, and that support the outer peripheral side of the skin plate, are used. Therefore, when filling concrete inside the steel shell (frame and skin plate) during the manufacture of the synthetic segment, even if the skin plate tries to bulge due to the weight of the concrete, the deformation of the skin plate can be suppressed because the skin plate is supported by the plurality of receiving members.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0011]

Figure 1

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] Hereinafter, the composite segment and the earth retaining structure according to the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings and the like. In the following drawings including FIG. 1, the relative dimensional relationships and shapes of the respective constituent members may be different from the actual ones. Also, in the following drawings, those denoted by the same reference numerals are the same or corresponding ones, and this shall be common throughout the entire text of the specification. In addition, for the sake of easy understanding, terms indicating directions (for example, up, down, left, right, front, rear, front and back, etc.) are used as appropriate, but their notations are for the convenience of explanation and do not limit the arrangement, direction, and orientation of the device, instrument, or component, etc.

[0013] Embodiment 1. [Earth retaining structure 200] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. Note that the axial direction AD shown in FIG. 1 represents the axial direction of the earth retaining structure 200, and the circumferential direction CD represents the circumferential direction of the earth retaining structure 200. Also, the radial direction RD represents the radial direction of the earth retaining structure 200, the Y1 side represents the inner circumferential side of the earth retaining structure 200, and the Y2 side represents the outer circumferential side of the earth retaining structure 200. Further, in the description of the following various members, the description that they extend along various directions such as the axial direction AD, the circumferential direction CD, or the radial direction RD only needs to extend generally along that direction and does not necessarily have to be strictly along that direction.

[0014] The earth retaining structure 200 is used, for example, as an earth retaining wall for the lining of a tunnel and is installed on the wall surface of an excavation hole formed by excavating the natural ground. The earth retaining structure 200 is installed underground and is used as an earth retaining wall for tunnels constituting subways, road tunnels, sewers, power and communication ducts, utility tunnels, etc., or for shafts, etc. Further, the earth retaining structure 200 may be used as an earth retaining wall by the jacked caisson method or the like.

[0015] When the earth retaining structure 200 is used as an earth retaining wall by the shield method, the earth retaining structure 200 covers the underground excavation surface in a construction method such as the shield method and is installed in the ground 90. When the earth retaining structure 200 is used as an earth retaining wall by the jacked caisson method, the earth retaining structure 200 covers the underground excavation surface in a construction method such as the jacking method and is sunk into the ground 90.

[0016] The earth retaining structure 200 is formed in a cylindrical shape and has a hollow portion 91. When the earth retaining structure 200 is used as an earth retaining wall by the shield method, the earth retaining structure 200 is arranged, for example, so as to extend in the advancing direction of the shield machine, that is, so that the cylindrical axial direction AD extends horizontally in the ground or in a state inclined with respect to the horizontal direction. When the earth retaining structure 200 is used as an earth retaining wall by the jacked caisson method, the earth retaining structure 200 is arranged, for example, so that the cylindrical axial direction AD is in the vertical direction in the ground.

[0017] The earth retaining structure 200 is formed in a circular shape when viewed in the axial direction AD and is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole, but is not limited to the cylindrical shape. As long as the earth retaining structure 200 is a cylindrical body, it may be formed in other shapes, for example, an oval shape, a oval-shaped coin shape, or a square shape with rounded corners when viewed in the axial direction AD.

[0018] The earth retaining structure 200 has at least one segment ring 150, or has a plurality of segment rings 150, and the plurality of segment rings 150 are formed by being continuously connected in the axial direction AD in which the tunnel extends. The earth retaining structure 200 is formed by combining a plurality of synthetic segments 100, which will be described later, in the circumferential direction CD and the axial direction AD.

[0019] [Segment Ring 150] FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of the segment ring 150 according to Embodiment 1 as viewed in the axial direction AD. The segment ring 150 is a structure that covers the excavation surface in the ground. The segment ring 150 is formed in an annular shape when viewed in the axial direction AD, and is formed as a cylindrical body as a whole. The segment ring 150 is formed in a cylindrical shape, for example, but is not limited to a cylindrical shape. As long as the segment ring 150 is a cylindrical body, it may be formed in other shapes such as an oval shape, a round gold coin shape, or a square shape with rounded corners when viewed in the axial direction AD.

[0020] The earth retaining structure 200 is constructed by connecting a plurality of segment rings 150 in the extending direction of the earth retaining structure 200, that is, along the axial direction AD as shown in FIG. 1, by the connecting portion 93. Note that the earth retaining structure 200 may be composed of one segment ring 150. When the earth retaining structure 200 is used in, for example, the shield method, the earth retaining structure 200 is constructed by arranging the segment rings 150 one by one for one circumference (one ring) of the cross section of the tunnel. Therefore, the segment ring 150 constitutes one unit in the extending direction of the tunnel in the earth retaining structure 200.

[0021] The segment ring 150 is divided into a plurality of composite segments 100 in the circumferential direction CD. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a plurality of composite segments 100 are arranged in a ring shape, and the adjacent composite segments 100 are connected to each other at the connecting portion 92 to form the segment ring 150. Note that although the segment ring 150 shown in FIG. 2 is described as having substantially equal sizes of the composite segments 100 in the circumferential direction CD, the sizes of the composite segments 100 may be formed to be different depending on the installation positions in the circumferential direction CD.

[0022] As shown in FIG. 1, in the earth retaining structure 200, the segment rings 150 adjacent in the axial direction AD are assembled in a state where the positions of the composite segments 100 constituting the segment ring 150 are shifted in the circumferential direction CD. More specifically, in the earth retaining structure 200, the composite segments 100 constituting the segment ring 150 are constructed so as to be in a staggered arrangement. However, it is not limited thereto, and in the earth retaining structure 200, the composite segments 100 constituting the segment ring 150 may not be constructed so as to be in a staggered arrangement.

[0023] [Composite segment 100] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an example of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1 as viewed from the inner circumferential side. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an example of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1 as viewed from the outer circumferential side. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an example of the internal structure of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a side view showing an example of the internal structure of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the internal structure of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1. Note that, in order to explain the internal structure of the composite segment 100, in FIG. 3, the illustration of the concrete 80 is partially omitted, and in FIGS. 5 to 7, the illustration of all the concrete 80 is omitted. FIGS. 3 and 4 are illustrated with the top and bottom reversed. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 6. The composite segment 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7.

[0024] The synthetic segment 100 forms a cylindrical body to be embedded as an earth retaining structure. The synthetic segment 100 forms a segment ring 150 that is formed in a cylindrical shape to cover the excavation surface in the ground by being arranged annularly and connected to each other in the circumferential direction CD. The synthetic segment 100 constructs the earth retaining structure 200 by being connected in plurality in the circumferential direction CD and the axial direction AD of the earth retaining structure 200. The synthetic segment 100 is a box-shaped structure composed of a combination of a plurality of steel materials. The synthetic segment 100 is formed in an arc shape when viewed in the axial direction AD of the segment ring 150, and is formed in a curved shape as a whole. One synthetic segment 100 may also be referred to as a piece.

[0025] The synthetic segment 100 has a steel shell 10 and concrete 80 filled inside the steel shell 10. The synthetic segment 100 is a composite structure of a box-shaped steel shell 10 and concrete 80 filled as a filler inside the steel shell 10, and the steel shell 10 and the concrete 80 are integrally formed.

[0026] [Reinforcement unit 40] As shown in FIG. 3, the synthetic segment 100 includes a reinforcement unit 40 in the concrete 80. The reinforcement unit 40 is arranged between a pair of main girders 11. The reinforcement unit 40 is composed of a reinforcement cage 41 and a first force-bearing reinforcement 48. In Embodiment 1, the reinforcement cage 41 and the first force-bearing reinforcement 48 are joined, and are integrated by being tied together using, for example, welding or wire. The reinforcement unit 40 is not limited to this configuration, and the reinforcement cage 41 and the first force-bearing reinforcement 48 may not be joined.

[0027] As shown in Fig. 7, the reinforcing cage 41 is formed by joining a first main reinforcement 42, a second main reinforcement 43, and a second stirrup 45. The first main reinforcement 42 extends in the circumferential direction CD, and a plurality of them are arranged at intervals in the axial direction AD. Further, the second main reinforcement 43 is arranged at an interval from the first main reinforcement 42 in the radial direction RD. The second main reinforcement 43 also extends in the circumferential direction CD like the first main reinforcement 42, and a plurality of them are arranged at intervals in the axial direction AD. Note that the number of the first main reinforcement 42 and the second main reinforcement 43 is not limited to a plurality, and may be a single one.

[0028] As shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the reinforcing cage 41 includes two rows of main reinforcements, a first main reinforcement 42 arranged on the inner circumferential side and a second main reinforcement 43 arranged on the outer circumferential side in the radial direction RD. However, the reinforcing cage 41 is not limited to such a configuration, and may include a single row of main reinforcements in the radial direction RD, or may include three or more rows of main reinforcements.

[0029] As shown in Figs. 3 and 5, a plurality of second stirrups 45 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the first main reinforcement 42 and the second main reinforcement 43, that is, along the circumferential direction CD. As shown in Fig. 7, the second stirrup 45 has a main body portion 45a extending along the axial direction AD, an arm portion 45b formed by bending the end of the main body portion 45a in the radial direction RD, and a tip portion 45c formed by bending the tip of the arm portion 45b in the axial direction AD.

[0030] The second stirrup 45 is formed in a shape of a square bracket or a shape with a part of the square bracket cut out so as to surround the rows of the first main reinforcement 42 and the second main reinforcement 43 from the outside. The second stirrup 45 may be arranged on the inner circumferential side of the first main reinforcement 42 in the radial direction RD as shown in Figs. 3 and 5, or may be arranged on the outer circumferential side of the second main reinforcement 43 as shown in Figs. 5 and 7.

[0031] The second force-bearing reinforcement 45 is a reinforcing bar, which may be formed by bending a single bar or by combining a plurality of bars. The second force-bearing reinforcement 45 forms an integral reinforcing bar cage 41 by connecting between a plurality of first main reinforcements 42 and second main reinforcements 43 arranged in parallel. The second force-bearing reinforcement 45 may transmit the load applied to the first main reinforcement 42 and the second main reinforcement 43 to the adjacent first main reinforcement 42 and second main reinforcement 43 and disperse the load. Note that the number of the second force-bearing reinforcements 45 is not limited to a plurality and may be a single one.

[0032] The reinforcing bar unit 40 includes a first force-bearing reinforcement 48 extending in the axial direction AD. Both ends of the first force-bearing reinforcement 48 are fixed to the fixing member 20. The first force-bearing reinforcement 48, together with the fixing member 20 described later, is a member that resists the tensile force applied to the main girder 11 in the axial direction AD and reduces and eliminates the tensile force applied to the main girder 11. As shown in FIG. 5, the first force-bearing reinforcement 48 is arranged in parallel with the second force-bearing reinforcement 45 in the radial direction RD.

[0033] The first force-bearing reinforcement 48 is arranged adjacent to the second force-bearing reinforcement 45 and is combined with the second force-bearing reinforcement 45 having a shape with a part of a square bracket shape cut out, and is formed to surround the first main reinforcement 42 and the second main reinforcement 43 as shown in FIG. 7. However, the first force-bearing reinforcement 48 may be arranged at an interval from the second force-bearing reinforcement 45 in the radial direction RD. Also, the first force-bearing reinforcement 48 may be arranged at an interval from the second force-bearing reinforcement 45 in the circumferential direction CD.

[0034] The first force-bearing reinforcement 48 is a reinforcing bar, which may be formed by bending a single bar or by combining a plurality of bars. The first force-bearing reinforcement 48 includes a main body portion 48b extending along the axial direction AD and insertion portions 48a extending in the radial direction RD from both ends of the main body portion 48b as shown in FIG. 7. That is, the first force-bearing reinforcement 48 is formed in a U shape. Both end portions of the main body portion 48b are placed on the fixing member 20 described later, and the insertion portions 48a are inserted into the first through holes 25 provided in the fixing member 20 described later. The main body portion 48b of the first force-bearing reinforcement 48 is arranged adjacent to the first main reinforcement 42 of the reinforcing bar cage 41.

[0035] [Steel shell 10] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the steel shell 10 of the composite segment 100 includes a pair of arc-shaped main girders 11 that are spaced apart in the axial direction AD and have their plate surfaces facing each other, and a pair of joint plates 12 joined to both ends of the main girder 11 in the circumferential direction CD. Further, the steel shell 10 has a skin plate 16 joined to the outer peripheral sides of the main girder 11 and the joint plate 12. The steel shell 10 is formed in a box shape by welding these main girders 11, joint plates 12, and skin plate 16 to each other. The steel shell 10 of the composite segment 100 does not have so-called longitudinal ribs, which are plate-shaped members of steel plates for connecting a pair of main girders 11 to each other and resisting tensile forces applied to the main girders 11.

[0036] The pair of main girders 11 extend in the circumferential direction CD of the earth retaining structure 200 or the segment ring 150, which is a cylindrical body, and are arranged with their plate surfaces facing each other in the axial direction AD of the cylindrical body. The pair of main girders 11 are portions where adjacent composite segments 100 abut against each other and are connected to each other in the axial direction AD of the earth retaining structure 200 and the segment ring 150.

[0037] The pair of main girders 11 are located at both ends of the composite segment 100 in the axial direction AD of the earth retaining structure 200 and the segment ring 150. That is, the main girders 11 are provided at both ends of the skin plate 16 in the axial direction AD of the earth retaining structure 200 and the segment ring 150, and form one end face and the other end face of the composite segment 100 in the axial direction AD.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 5, the main girder 11 is formed in a flat plate shape. As shown in FIG. 6, the main girder 11 is formed in an arc shape in a plan view when viewed in the axial direction AD according to the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel, and is formed in a fan shape that constitutes a part of the segment ring 150, which is an annular body. The plate surface of the main girder 11 extends in the circumferential direction CD and the radial direction RD and is parallel to the circumferential direction CD and the radial direction RD.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 3, among a pair of main girders 11, a plurality of bolt holes 13 are formed in one of the main girders 11 for connecting adjacent synthetic segments 100 connected in the axial direction AD before and after. The number of bolt holes 13 is not limited to a plurality, and may be a single number. As an example, the bolt holes 13 are formed one by one in the central region and both end regions of the circumferential direction CD where the fixing member 20 is not arranged.

[0040] As shown in FIG. 3, in the concrete 80 of the synthetic segment 100, bolt boxes 81 are provided at positions corresponding to the bolt holes 13. The bolt box 81 forms a space in the synthetic segment 100 to expose the bolt holes 13 between the concrete 80 and the main girder 11. The bolt box 81 serves as a working space for fastening bolts for fastening the main girders 11 of adjacent synthetic segments 100 in the axial direction AD.

[0041] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, among a pair of main girders 11, a plurality of bosses 14 are formed in the other main girder 11 for connecting adjacent synthetic segments 100 connected in the axial direction AD before and after. The number of bosses 14 is not limited to a plurality, and may be a single number. The boss 14 is formed with a mounting hole having an internal thread for screwing a bolt.

[0042] Two adjacent synthetic segments 100 in the axial direction AD butt the main girders 11 against each other and are joined by bolts. The joining utilizes the bolt box 81, inserts the bolts into the bolt holes 13, and screws them into the internal threads of the bosses 14 provided on the main girders 11 of the adjacent synthetic segments 100. By screwing and fastening the shaft portions of the bolts inserted into the bolt holes 13 into the internal threads of the bosses 14, the two adjacent synthetic segments 100 in the axial direction AD are connected.

[0043] The number of bolt holes 13 and bosses 14 formed is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and is determined in consideration of, for example, the size and shape of the composite segment 100. Note that the connection between adjacent composite segments 100 in the axial direction AD is not limited to a structure connected by bolts and nuts. For example, it may be performed by a one-touch joint, or other well-known techniques may also be used.

[0044] The pair of joint plates 12 are portions where adjacent composite segments 100 abut and are connected to each other in the circumferential direction CD of the earth retaining structure 200 and the segment ring 150. The pair of joint plates 12 are members attached to both ends of the composite segment 100 in the circumferential direction CD.

[0045] The joint plate 12 is formed in a plate shape and is made of a rectangular steel plate. The joint plate 12 is formed to extend in the axial direction AD and the radial direction RD. The joint plate 12 is spanned and fixed between both longitudinal ends of the pair of main girders 11. Note that the longitudinal direction of the main girder 11 is the circumferential direction CD. A joint for connecting the composite segments 100 to form one segment ring 150 may be attached to the end of the composite segment 100 where the joint plate 12 is located.

[0046] The pair of joint plates 12 are joined to both ends of each of the pair of main girders 11 in the circumferential direction CD. The joint plate 12 is arranged to cover an opening formed by the pair of main girders 11 and the skin plate 16 arranged between the pair of main girders 11 at both ends of the composite segment 100 in the circumferential direction CD. The joint plate 12 is provided at both ends of the skin plate 16 in the arc direction to form the side surface of the composite segment 100 in the circumferential direction CD.

[0047] As shown in Fig. 3, a plurality of bolt holes 15 are formed in the joint plate 12 for connecting the synthetic segments 100 adjacent to each other on the left and right arranged in the circumferential direction CD of the excavation hole. The number and formation positions of the bolt holes 15 shown in Figs. 3 to 5 are merely examples and are not limited to the illustrated embodiments. The number and formation positions of the bolt holes 15 are determined, for example, in consideration of the size and shape of the synthetic segment 100 and the like.

[0048] The number of the bolt holes 15 is not limited to a plurality and may be a single one. That is, the bolt hole 15 may be provided at one location or a plurality of locations in the axial direction AD. Further, the position of the bolt hole 15 is not limited to both end positions in the axial direction AD as shown in Figs. 3 to 5, and may be provided closer to the center side in the axial direction AD than the illustrated embodiments.

[0049] As shown in Fig. 3, in the synthetic segment 100, bolt boxes 82 are provided at locations corresponding to the bolt holes 15 in the concrete 80. The bolt boxes 82 form a space for exposing the bolt holes 15 between the concrete 80 and the joint plate 12 in the synthetic segment 100. The bolt boxes 82 serve as working spaces for fastening bolts for fastening the joint plates 12 of the adjacent synthetic segments 100 in the circumferential direction CD.

[0050] The synthetic segments 100 adjacent to each other on the left and right in the circumferential direction CD are connected by butting the joint plates 12 and fastening the shaft portions of the bolts inserted through the bolt holes 15 with nuts. Note that the connection between the synthetic segments 100 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction CD is not limited to a structure connected by bolts and nuts, and may be performed, for example, by a one-touch joint, or other well-known techniques may also be used.

[0051] The skin plate 16 is a plate-like member facing the base side of the synthetic segment 100, and is formed by bending a rectangular steel plate into an arc shape in the plane direction. The skin plate 16 is formed in a plate shape having a curved surface. The skin plate 16 is formed so as to extend in the circumferential direction CD and the axial direction AD. The skin plate 16 is formed in an arc shape in a plan view seen in the axial direction AD, and is formed in a rectangular shape in a side view seen in the radial direction RD.

[0052] As shown in FIG. 5, the skin plate 16 is joined so as to close an opening at the end face on the base side of a frame body obtained by joining a pair of main girders 11 and a pair of joint plates 12. That is, the skin plate 16 is joined to the outside in the radial direction RD of the cylindrical body with respect to the frame body constituted by the pair of main girders 11 and the pair of joint plates 12. The skin plate 16 faces the wall surface of the excavation hole in a state where the synthetic segment 100 is installed in the ground, and constitutes the peripheral wall on the outer peripheral side of the earth retaining structure 200.

[0053] [Fixing member 20] As shown in FIG. 3, the steel shell 10 includes at least one or more fixing members 20 that project inward from the pair of main girders 11. The fixing member 20 is fixed and integrated with the concrete 80 and functions as a so-called anchor. The fixing member 20 is provided so as to project from one main girder 11 toward the other main girder 11 on the inner surface of the pair of main girders 11. The fixing member 20 is fixed to the concrete 80 filled inside the frame body and the skin plate 16 constituted by the pair of main girders 11 and the pair of joint plates 12, and constitutes a portion that resists the tensile force applied to the pair of main girders 11 so as to move in a direction in which the pair of main girders 11 separate.

[0054] The fixing member 20 is provided on the inner surface of the main girder 11 and is welded to the inner surface of the main girder 11. The fixing member 20 protrudes from one of the main girders 11 inside one of the main girders 11 and is not connected to the other main girder 11. That is, the tip of the fixing member 20 in the protruding direction is fixed to the concrete 80 and is not connected to the other main girder 11. The fixing member 20 protrudes from the steel shell 10 toward the inside of the concrete 80 in the composite segment 100 and is combined with the concrete 80. The fixing member 20 is a member that resists the tensile force applied to the main girder 11 in the axial direction AD and reduces and eliminates the tensile force applied to the main girder 11. Further, the fixing member 20, together with the first force reinforcing bar 48, is a member that resists the tensile force applied to the main girder 11 in the axial direction AD, reduces the tensile force applied to the main girder 11, and eliminates it.

[0055] The fixing members 20 are provided at positions facing each other in the axial direction AD on each of the pair of main girders 11. In one of the main girders 11 of the steel shell 10 according to the first embodiment, the fixing members 20 are arranged at six positions along the circumferential direction CD. The number and positions of the fixing members 20 are not limited to the illustrated mode, and are determined in consideration of, for example, the size and shape of the composite segment 100.

[0056] FIG. 8 is a perspective view and a plan view of the fixing member 20 of the composite segment 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 8(a) is a perspective view of the fixing member 20 viewed from the inside in the radial direction RD. FIG. 8(b) is a plan view of the fixing member 20 viewed in the axial direction AD. FIG. 8(c) is a perspective view of a modified example of the fixing member 20 viewed from the inside in the radial direction RD. The fixing member 20 includes a first portion 21 that is a plate-like portion arranged along the circumferential direction CD and a second portion 22 that is a plate-like portion arranged along the radial direction RD. In FIG. 8, the second portion 22 is provided on the right side of the first portion 21, but the second portion 22 may be provided on the left side of the first portion 21.

[0057] The first part 21 is arranged such that the plate surface extends in the circumferential direction CD and the axial direction AD, and the second part 22 is arranged such that the plate surface extends in the radial direction RD and the axial direction AD. In Embodiment 1, the fixing member 20 is an angle formed integrally with the plate surfaces of the first part 21 and the second part 22 being orthogonal to each other, and is a channel steel. The fixing member 20 may be formed by welding together the first part 21 and the second part 22 each formed from a separate plate material. Also, the fixing member 20 may be formed by bending a single steel plate into an L shape.

[0058] The second part 22 of the fixing member 20 along the radial direction RD holds the wedge-shaped (sector-shaped) concrete 80 between the second parts 22 adjacent in the circumferential direction CD, thereby suppressing the displacement between the concrete 80 and the steel shell 10. Also, the fixing member 20 suppresses the displacement or protrusion of the concrete 80 in the radial direction RD by the first part 21 extending along the circumferential direction CD.

[0059] Since the first part 21 and the second part 22 are integrated and the fixing member 20 has high rigidity and a high bonding force with the main girder 11, the effect of suppressing the displacement between the concrete 80 and the steel shell 10 is improved. By having the fixing member 20, the composite segment 100 strengthens the integration between the concrete 80 and the main girder 11 via the fixing member 20.

[0060] The first part 21 is formed such that the plate surface extends parallel to the tangential direction of the circumferential direction CD and the axial direction AD. As shown in FIG. 8(a), a first through-hole 25 is formed in the first part 21. The first part 21 serves as, for example, a PBL (Perfo-Bond Leisten). The first part 21 is provided at the inner diameter side end of the second part 22 extending along the radial direction RD.

[0061] FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the fixing member 20 portion of the synthetic segment 100 according to Embodiment 1. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the first through hole 25 is a hole penetrating in the plate thickness direction and is a hole penetrating the first portion 21 in the radial direction RD. The number of the first through holes 25 is not limited to a single number and may be plural. The first through hole 25 is a circular hole, but the shape of the hole is not limited to a circular hole, and holes with other opening shapes may also be used. As shown in FIG. 9, an insertion portion 48a of the first force distribution rib 48 is inserted into the first through hole 25, and the end portion of the first force distribution rib 48 is positioned inside the first through hole 25.

[0062] The fixing member 20 is arranged between a pair of main girders 11 arranged with their plate surfaces facing each other so as to face each other in the axial direction AD. In the axial direction AD, one end portion of the first force distribution rib 48 is connected to the first through hole 25 of the fixing member 20 provided on one of the main girders 11, and the other end portion of the first force distribution rib 48 is connected to the first through hole 25 of the fixing member 20 provided on the other main girder 11. Both end portions of the first force distribution rib 48 are respectively connected to the fixing member 20. Note that the end portion of the first force distribution rib 48 and the fixing member 20 may be fixed by welding.

[0063] The first force distribution rib 48 connects two fixing members 20 arranged opposite to each other in a state where the concrete 80 is filled. The first force distribution rib 48 strengthens the integrality between one main girder 11 and the other main girder 11 in the axial direction AD and suppresses the deformation and movement of the main girder 11. In the synthetic segment 100, the peeling between the main girder 11 and the concrete 80 is suppressed by the first force distribution rib 48 connected to the main girder 11, and the concrete 80 and the main girder 11 are firmly fixed via the first force distribution rib 48 and the fixing member 20. The synthetic segment 100 has, due to the first force distribution rib 48, improved strength against loads in the direction in which the space between the pair of main girders 11 opens as compared with the case where the first force distribution rib 48 is not provided.

[0064] Similar to the first portion 21, at least one or more second through holes 26 may be formed in the second portion 22, like the fixing member 20 of the modification shown in FIG. 8(c). The second portion 22, like the first portion 21, serves as a PBL (Perfo - Bond Leisten) divel.

[0065] The second through-hole 26 is a hole that penetrates in the plate thickness direction and is a hole that penetrates the second portion 22 in the circumferential direction CD. The number of the second through-holes 26 is not limited to a single number and may be plural. The second through-hole 26 is a circular hole, but the shape of the hole is not limited to a circular hole, and holes with other opening shapes may also be used.

[0066] [Shape holding member 23] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the steel shell 10 of the composite segment 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 10 shows a state in which the reinforcing bar unit 40 is not disposed inside the steel shell 10. As shown in FIG. 10, the shape holding member 23 is joined to the inner surface of the skin plate 16. The shape holding member 23 protrudes from the skin plate 16 in the radial direction RD.

[0067] The shape holding member 23 is a member that suppresses the deformation of the skin plate 16 so as to bulge out when installed on the skin plate 16. The shape holding member 23 is a plate-like member, the longitudinal direction thereof is arranged along the axial direction AD, and both ends in the longitudinal direction are arranged at intervals from a pair of main girders 11. The shape holding member 23 can be easily installed between the pair of main girders 11 because the end faces 23a on both sides in the axial direction AD are arranged at a distance from the main girders 11. However, both ends of the shape holding member 23 can also be joined to both or one of the pair of main girders 11.

[0068] [Modification example of the composite segment 100] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of a modification example of the composite segment 100 according to the first embodiment. The structure of the reinforcing bar unit 40 used for the composite segment 100 can be changed as appropriate. As an example, the reinforcing bar unit 40A shown in FIG. 11 has a shape in which the first force-bearing bars 48A extend linearly, the ends thereof protrude from the reinforcing bar cage 41 in the axial direction AD, and are placed on the first portion 21 of the fixing member 20. In this case, the first force-bearing bars 48A may be joined to the reinforcing bar cage 41 in advance.

[0069] Since the reinforcing bar unit 40A shown in Fig. 11 is not structured to insert the first force-bearing bar 48A into the first through-hole 25, it can be arranged without requiring highly accurate positioning with respect to the steel shell 10. Further, the reinforcing bar unit 40A can enhance the bonding force with the steel shell 10 by joining the first force-bearing bar 48A to the fixing member 20 by means such as welding.

[0070] Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of a modified example of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1. The reinforcing bar unit 40 of the composite segment 100 can also omit the first force-bearing bar 48. Even in this case, the composite segment 100 can resist the tensile force applied to the main girder 11 as compared with the case where it does not have the fixing member 20 by the fixing member 20.

[0071] Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a modified example of the steel shell 10 of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1. As shown in Fig. 13, the steel shell 10 may not have the shape-retaining member 23.

[0072] Fig. 14 is a plan view of the formwork 400 used for manufacturing the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1. Fig. 15 is a front view of the formwork 400 used for manufacturing the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1. The formwork 400 supports the steel shell 10 of the composite segment 100 and is used when filling the steel shell 10 with concrete 80. As shown in Figs. 14 and 15, the formwork 400 includes an installation part 410, a base part 420, a pair of main girder fixing parts 430, a plurality of receiving members 440, and a plurality of height adjusting parts 450. Hereinafter, the formwork 400 is also referred to as a manufacturing device.

[0073] The installation part 410 is installed on the installation surface and serves as a base, supporting the base part 420 from below. The base part 420 is provided above the installation part 410 and supports the pair of main girder fixing parts 430 from below. The pair of main girder fixing parts 430 are provided above the base part 420 and fix the pair of main girders 11. The plurality of receiving members 440 are provided on the base part 420 and support the skin plate 16. The plurality of height adjusting parts 450 are respectively provided on the plurality of receiving members 440 and adjust the heights of the plurality of receiving members 440.

[0074] The pair of main girder fixing parts 430 have an arc shape when viewed from the front and are provided at intervals so that their inner surfaces face each other. A plurality of bolt holes 431 are formed along the circumferential direction on one of the pair of main girder fixing parts 430, and a plurality of bosses (not shown) are formed along the circumferential direction on the other of the pair of main girder fixing parts 430. Then, the composite segment 100 is arranged such that the outer surfaces of the pair of main girders 11 face the inner surfaces of the pair of main girder fixing parts 430, and the plurality of bolt holes 13 overlap with the plurality of bosses of the main girder fixing part 430, and the plurality of bosses 14 overlap with the plurality of bolt holes 431 of the main girder fixing part 430, respectively. In this state, bolts are inserted into the bolt holes 431 of the main girder fixing part 430 of the formwork 400, and the shaft parts of the bolts inserted into the bolt holes 431 are screwed into the female threads of the bosses 14 provided on the main girder 11 of the composite segment 100 and tightened. Further, bolts are inserted into the bolt holes 13 of the main girder 11 of the composite segment 100, and the shaft parts of the bolts inserted into the bolt holes 431 are screwed into the female threads of the bosses provided on the main girder fixing part 430 of the formwork 400 and tightened. By doing so, the pair of main girders 11 of the composite segment 100 are fixed to the pair of main girder fixing parts 430 of the formwork 400. Note that the pair of main girder fixing parts 430 are not limited to an arc shape and may have other shapes (for example, trapezoidal, etc.) as long as they can fix the pair of main girders 11 of the composite segment 100.

[0075] The plurality of receiving members 440 have a rectangular shape in plan view and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction (or the direction orthogonal to the direction in which the pair of main girder fixing portions 430 face) on the outer peripheral side of the pair of main girder fixing portions 430, and support the outer peripheral side of the skin plate 16. The plurality of receiving members 440 are respectively provided between the pair of main girder fixing portions 430 so as to extend from the inner surface side of one of the pair of main girder fixing portions 430 toward the inner surface side of the other main girder fixing portion 430.

[0076] The plurality of height adjusting portions 450 are respectively provided at the lower portions of the plurality of receiving members 440, move the corresponding receiving members 440 up and down by an external force, and adjust the height of the corresponding receiving members 440. For example, the height adjusting portion 450 is provided with an operation portion (not shown), and by rotating the operation portion clockwise or counterclockwise, the receiving member 440 moves upward or downward. Since the heights of the plurality of receiving members 440 can be adjusted according to the R shape of each skin plate 16 by the plurality of height adjusting portions 450, various skin plates 16 with different R shapes can be evenly supported. In addition, since it is not necessary to prepare a formwork in which the positions of the plurality of receiving members 440 are different for each skin plate 16, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0077] [Manufacturing method of the composite segment 100] Next, the manufacturing method of the composite segment 100 will be described. First, a step of assembling the steel shell 10 is performed. As shown in FIG. 10, the steel shell 10 forms a frame body by joining a pair of main girders 11 and a pair of joint plates 12, and the skin plate 16 is disposed outside the frame body in the radial direction RD. The pair of main girders 11, the pair of joint plates 12, and the skin plate 16 are, for example, disposed on a jig and combined into the shape of the steel shell 10, and the members are joined by joining means such as welding.

[0078] After a pair of main girders 11, a pair of joint plates 12, and a skin plate 16 are combined, a process of installing the internal structure inside the steel shell 10 is performed. For example, each member constituting a bolt box 82 for connecting the circumferential direction CD of the composite segment 100 is joined to the main girder 11, the joint plate 12, and the skin plate 16.

[0079] In the process of installing the internal structure inside the steel shell 10, a process of joining a fixing member 20 to the main girder 11 is performed. Also, a process of joining a shape retaining member 23 to the skin plate 16 is performed. Note that the fixing member 20 may be joined to the main girder 11 in advance before combining the main girder 11 into the shape of the steel shell 10. Also, the shape retaining member 23 may also be joined to the skin plate 16 in advance.

[0080] The shape retaining member 23 is installed in alignment with the fixing member 20 in the circumferential direction CD. Also, the shape retaining member 23 is set such that its longitudinal dimension is smaller than the width between the pair of main girders 11, and both end faces in the longitudinal direction are installed at a distance from the main girder 11. Through the above process, the steel shell 10 is formed in the state shown in FIG. 10. Note that the shape retaining member 23 may not be provided.

[0081] FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a state in which a steel bar cage 41 is housed in the steel shell 10 shown in FIG. 10. After the steel shell 10 is assembled, the steel shell 10 is moved to, for example, a factory where concrete 80 is placed. Then, a process of installing a steel bar unit 40 inside the steel shell 10 is performed. First, among the steel bar units 40, the steel bar cage 41 is disposed between the opposing fixing members 20 of the steel shell 10.

[0082] The steel bar cage 41 is placed on the shape retaining member 23 installed inside the steel shell 10. Thereby, the second main steel bars 43 and the second force - distributing steel bars 45 of the steel bar cage 41 are disposed at a distance from the skin plate 16. Thereby, the second main steel bars 43 are disposed with an appropriate cover thickness inside the concrete 80 to be filled.

[0083] FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a state in which a first force-reinforcing bar 48 is arranged in the steel shell 10 shown in FIG. 16. The first force-reinforcing bar 48 is arranged after the reinforcing bar cage 41 is arranged at an appropriate position. The first force-reinforcing bar 48 is arranged in the first through holes 25 of the fixing members 20 arranged oppositely in the pair of main girders 11 through the insertion portions 48a (see FIG. 7) at both ends. In FIG. 7, the end of the main body portion 48b of the first force-reinforcing bar 48 is placed on the upper surface of the first portion 21 of the fixing member 20, but the main body portion 48b may be placed on the reinforcing bar cage 41 and set so that there is a space between the main body portion 48b and the first portion 21.

[0084] After the first force-reinforcing bar 48 is arranged, the first main reinforcing bar 42 of the reinforcing bar cage 41 and the first force-reinforcing bar 48 are joined. The joining is performed by welding or binding with wire. The first force-reinforcing bar 48 and the reinforcing bar cage 41 may be joined in advance and installed in the steel shell 10 as a reinforcing bar unit 40. In the case of a structure in which the first force-reinforcing bar 48 is inserted into the first through hole 25 of the fixing member 20, in order to pass all the insertion portions 48a of the plurality of first force-reinforcing bars 48 through the first through hole 25, highly accurate alignment is required, and the work is difficult depending on the environment at the assembly site. Therefore, the operator can install the reinforcing bar unit 40 without performing difficult alignment work by first installing the reinforcing bar cage 41 in the steel shell 10 and then installing the first force-reinforcing bar 48 in another process.

[0085] FIG. 18 is a first schematic diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 19 is a second schematic diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the steel shell 10 shown in FIG. 17 filled with concrete 80. In FIGS. 18 and 19, the installation portion 410 of the formwork 400 is omitted. Further, in FIG. 20, a part of the concrete 80 is omitted in order to show the internal structure of the steel shell 10. After the reinforcing bar unit 40 is arranged inside the steel shell 10, the concrete 80 is filled. Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 18(a), the steel shell 10 is installed in the formwork 400 such that the outer surfaces of the pair of main girders 11 of the steel shell 10 face the inner surfaces of the pair of main girder fixing portions 430 of the formwork 400. Next, as shown in FIG. 18(b), the pair of main girders 11 are fixed to the pair of main girder fixing portions 430 by the method described above. Next, as shown in FIG. 19(c), the heights of the plurality of receiving members 440 are adjusted according to the R shape of the skin plate 16 of the steel shell 10 by the plurality of height adjusting portions 450, and the skin plate 16 is supported by the plurality of receiving members 440. At this time, the heights of the plurality of receiving members 440 are adjusted by the plurality of height adjusting portions 450 so that each receiving member 440 supports the skin plate 16. Finally, as shown in FIG. 19(d), the inside of the steel shell 10 is filled with the concrete 80. Then, after the concrete 80 is solidified, the formwork 400 is removed from the steel shell 10, and the composite segment 100 is completed.

[0086] [Effects of the manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1] As described above, in the manufacturing apparatus and method for the composite segment 100 without vertical ribs, in the composite segment 100 without vertical ribs, a pair of main girders 11 are fixed to a pair of main girder fixing parts 430, and with the skin plate 16 supported by a plurality of receiving members 440, concrete 80 is filled inside the frame body and the skin plate 16. Therefore, when filling the inside of the steel shell 10 with concrete 80 during the manufacture of the composite segment 100, even if the skin plate 16 tries to bulge due to the weight of the concrete 80, since the skin plate 16 is supported by a plurality of receiving members 440, deformation of the skin plate 16 can be suppressed. Further, each of the plurality of receiving members 440 is provided with a plurality of height adjusting parts 450 that move the corresponding receiving member 440 up and down by an external force to adjust the height of the corresponding receiving member 440. Therefore, with the height adjusting parts 450, the height of the plurality of receiving members 440 can be adjusted according to the R shape of each skin plate 16, so that various skin plates 16 with different R shapes can be evenly supported. Also, since it is not necessary to prepare formworks with different positions of the plurality of receiving members 440 for each skin plate 16, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, the plurality of receiving members 440 are each provided so as to extend from one main girder fixing part 430 toward the other main girder fixing part on the inner surface of the pair of main girder fixing parts 430. By having the plurality of receiving members 440 in the above structure, a structure for adjusting the height of each of the plurality of receiving members 440 according to the shape of the skin plate 16 can be easily realized.

[0087] In addition, in the first embodiment, the manufacturing apparatus and method for the composite segment 100 using the fixing member 20 without using vertical ribs have been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The manufacturing apparatus and method according to the first embodiment can also be applied to the manufacture of a composite segment using vertical ribs instead of the fixing member 20, for example.

[0088] The manufacturing apparatus for the synthetic segment 100 according to Embodiment 1 described above is the synthetic segment 100 that constitutes a cylindrical body to be embedded as a retaining structure. It includes a pair of main girders 11 that extend in the circumferential direction CD of the cylindrical body and are arranged with their plate surfaces facing each other in the axial direction AD of the cylindrical body, a pair of joint plates 12 joined to both ends of each of the pair of main girders 11 in the circumferential direction CD, a skin plate 16 joined to the outer peripheral side in the radial direction of the cylindrical body with respect to the frame body constituted by the pair of main girders 11 and the pair of joint plates 12, and a reinforcing bar unit 40 arranged between the pair of main girders 11. It is used when filling the inside of the frame body and the skin plate 16 with concrete 80. It includes a pair of main girder fixing parts 430 that face the outer surfaces of the pair of main girders 11 and to which the pair of main girders 11 are fixed, a base part 420 that supports the pair of main girder fixing parts 430 from below, and a plurality of receiving members 440 that are provided on the base part 420, arranged at intervals along a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the pair of main girder fixing parts 430 face each other, and support the outer peripheral side of the skin plate 16.

[0089] Moreover, the manufacturing method of the synthetic segment 100 according to Embodiment 1 is a manufacturing method of the synthetic segment 100 that constitutes a cylindrical body embedded as a retaining structure. The synthetic segment 100 includes a pair of main girders 11 that extend in the circumferential direction CD of the cylindrical body and are arranged with their plate surfaces facing each other in the axial direction AD of the cylindrical body, a pair of joint plates 12 joined to both ends of each of the pair of main girders 11 in the circumferential direction CD, a skin plate 16 joined to the outer peripheral side in the radial direction of the cylindrical body with respect to the frame body constituted by the pair of main girders 11 and the pair of joint plates 12, and a reinforcing bar unit 40 arranged between the pair of main girders 11. The manufacturing method uses a manufacturing apparatus including a pair of main girder fixing parts 430 that face the outer surfaces of the pair of main girders 11 and to which the pair of main girders 11 are fixed, a base part 420 that supports the pair of main girder fixing parts 430 from below, and a plurality of receiving members 440 that are provided on the base part 420, are arranged at intervals along a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the pair of main girder fixing parts 430 face each other, and support the outer peripheral side of the skin plate 16. In this manufacturing method, with the pair of main girders 11 fixed to the pair of main girder fixing parts 430 and the skin plate 16 supported by the plurality of receiving members 440, concrete 80 is filled inside the frame body and the skin plate 16.

[0090] According to the manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1, when filling the inside of the frame body and the skin plate 16 with concrete 80, a pair of main girder fixing parts 430 that face the outer surfaces of the pair of main girders 11 and to which the pair of main girders 11 are fixed, a base part 420 that supports the pair of main girder fixing parts 430 from below, and a plurality of receiving members 440 that are provided on the base part 420, are arranged at intervals along a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the pair of main girder fixing parts 430 face each other, and support the outer peripheral side of the skin plate 16, are used. Then, in the composite segment 100 that does not use vertical ribs, with the pair of main girders 11 fixed to the pair of main girder fixing parts 430 and the skin plate 16 supported by the plurality of receiving members 440, the inside of the frame body and the skin plate 16 is filled with concrete 80. Therefore, when filling the inside of the steel shell 10 (frame body and skin plate 16) with concrete 80 during the manufacture of the composite segment 100, even if the skin plate 16 tends to bulge due to the weight of the concrete 80, since the skin plate 16 is supported by the plurality of receiving members 440, deformation of the skin plate 16 can be suppressed.

[0091] Further, in the manufacturing apparatus of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1, the composite segment 100 is provided so as to protrude from one main girder 11 toward the other main girder 11 on the inner surfaces of the pair of main girders 11, and is fixed to the concrete 80 filled inside the frame body and the skin plate 16, and includes at least one or more fixing members 20 that constitute a portion that resists the tensile force applied to the pair of main girders 11 so as to move in a direction in which the pair of main girders 11 separate.

[0092] Further, in the manufacturing method of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1, the composite segment 100 is provided so as to protrude from one main girder 11 toward the other main girder 11 on the inner surfaces of the pair of main girders 11, and is fixed to the concrete 80 filled inside the frame body and the skin plate 16, and includes at least one or more fixing members 20 that constitute a portion that resists the tensile force applied to the pair of main girders 11 so as to move in a direction in which the pair of main girders 11 separate.

[0093] According to the manufacturing apparatus and method of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1, when filling the inside of the steel shell 10 (frame body and skin plate 16) with concrete 80 during the manufacture of the composite segment 100 without using vertical ribs, even if the skin plate 16 tends to bulge due to the weight of the concrete 80, since the skin plate 16 is supported by a plurality of receiving members 440, deformation of the skin plate 16 can be suppressed.

[0094] Further, the manufacturing apparatus of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1 includes a plurality of height adjusters 450 provided on the respective plurality of receiving members 440, which move the corresponding receiving members 440 up and down by an external force to adjust the height of the corresponding receiving members 440.

[0095] Further, in the manufacturing method of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1, the manufacturing apparatus includes a plurality of height adjusters 450 provided on the respective plurality of receiving members 440, which move the corresponding receiving members 440 up and down by an external force to adjust the height of the corresponding receiving members 440. After fixing the pair of main girders 11 to the pair of main girder fixing parts 430, the manufacturing method is to adjust the heights of the plurality of receiving members 440 according to the shape of the skin plate 16 by the plurality of height adjusters 450.

[0096] According to the manufacturing apparatus and method of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1, since it is not necessary to prepare a manufacturing apparatus (formwork) in which the positions of the plurality of receiving members 440 are different for each skin plate 16, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0097] Further, in the manufacturing apparatus of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1, the plurality of receiving members 440 are each provided so as to extend from one main girder fixing part 430 toward the other main girder fixing part on the inner surface of the pair of main girder fixing parts 430.

[0098] Also, in the method for manufacturing the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1, the plurality of receiving members 440 are provided so as to extend from one main girder fixing portion 430 toward the other main girder fixing portion 430 on the inner surfaces of the pair of main girder fixing portions 440, respectively.

[0099] According to the manufacturing apparatus and method of the composite segment 100 according to Embodiment 1, by adopting the above structure for the plurality of receiving members 440, a structure for easily adjusting the height of each of the plurality of receiving members 440 according to the shape of the skin plate 16 can be realized.

[0100] Although Embodiment 1 has been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to only the configuration of Embodiment 1 described above and can be changed as appropriate. For example, the fixing member 20 may be fixed and integrated with the concrete 80 to function as a so-called anchor, and together with the first force member 48, in the axial direction AD, any other structure may be used as long as it can resist the tensile force applied to the main girder 11, reduce the tensile force applied to the main girder 11, and eliminate it. Also, for the sake of reminder, the scope of various changes, applications, and uses made by so-called persons skilled in the art as needed is also included in the technical scope.

Description of Reference Numerals

[0101] 10 Steel shell, 11 Main girder, 12 Joint plate, 13 Bolt hole, 14 Boss, 15 Bolt hole, 16 Skin plate, 20 Fixing member, 21 First part, 22 Second part, 23 Shape retaining member, 23a End face, 25 First through hole, 26 Second through hole, 40 Reinforcement unit, 40A Reinforcement unit, 41 Reinforcement cage, 42 First main reinforcement, 43 Second main reinforcement, 45 Second distribution reinforcement, 45a Body part, 45b Arm part, 45c Tip part, 48 First distribution reinforcement, 48A First distribution reinforcement, 48a Insertion part, 48b Body part, 80 Concrete, 81 Bolt box, 82 Bolt box, 90 Ground, 91 Hollow part, 92 Connecting part, 93 Connecting part, 100 Composite segment, 150 Segment ring, 200 Earth retaining structure, 400 Formwork, 410 Installation part, 420 Foundation part, 430 Main girder fixing part, 431 Bolt hole, 440 Receiving member, 450 Height adjustment part, AD Axial direction, CD Circumferential direction, RD Radial direction.

Claims

1. A synthetic segment that constitutes a cylindrical body embedded as an earth retaining structure, a pair of main girders extending in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body and having plate surfaces facing each other in the axial direction of the cylindrical body, a pair of joint plates joined to both ends in the circumferential direction of each of the pair of main girders, a skin plate joined to the outer peripheral side in the radial direction of the cylindrical body with respect to a frame body constituted by the pair of main girders and the pair of joint plates, a reinforcing bar unit disposed between the pair of main girders, A manufacturing apparatus for a synthetic segment, comprising: It is used when filling the inside of the frame body and the skin plate with concrete, a pair of main girder fixing parts facing the outer surfaces of the pair of main girders and to which the pair of main girders are fixed, a base part that supports the pair of main girder fixing parts from below, A plurality of receiving members provided on the base part, arranged at intervals along a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the pair of main girder fixing parts face each other, and supporting the outer peripheral side of the skin plate. Manufacturing apparatus for synthetic segments.

2. The synthetic segment, is provided so as to protrude from one main girder toward the other main girder on the inner surface of the pair of main girders, and is fixed to the concrete filled inside the frame body and the skin plate, and is configured to resist the tensile force applied to the pair of main girders in a direction in which the pair of main girders move apart. It has at least one or more fixing members. The manufacturing apparatus for a synthetic segment according to claim 1.

3. A plurality of height adjusting parts provided on each of the plurality of receiving members, configured to move the corresponding receiving member up and down by an external force and adjust the height of the corresponding receiving member. The manufacturing apparatus for a synthetic segment according to claim 1 or 2.

4. Each of the plurality of receiving members is provided so as to extend from one main girder fixing part toward the other main girder fixing part on the inner surface of the pair of main girder fixing parts. The manufacturing apparatus for a synthetic segment according to claim 1 or 2.

5. A synthetic segment that constitutes a cylindrical body embedded as an earth retaining structure, a pair of main girders extending in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body and having plate surfaces facing each other in the axial direction of the cylindrical body, a pair of joint plates joined to both ends in the circumferential direction of each of the pair of main girders, a skin plate joined to the outer peripheral side in the radial direction of the cylindrical body with respect to a frame body constituted by the pair of main girders and the pair of joint plates, A reinforcing bar unit disposed between the pair of main girders; A method for manufacturing a composite segment, comprising: A pair of main girder fixing parts facing the outer surfaces of the pair of main girders and to which the pair of main girders are fixed; A base part that supports the pair of main girder fixing parts from below; Using a manufacturing apparatus provided with a plurality of receiving members that are provided on the base part, are spaced apart along a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the pair of main girder fixing parts face each other, and support the outer peripheral side of the skin plate, Fixing the pair of main girders to the pair of main girder fixing parts, and filling the inside of the frame body and the skin plate with concrete while the skin plate is supported by the plurality of receiving members A method for manufacturing a composite segment.

6. The composite segment is Provided so as to protrude from one main girder toward the other main girder on the inner surface of the pair of main girders, and is fixed to the concrete filled inside the frame body and the skin plate, and constitutes at least one or more fixing members that resist the tensile force applied to the pair of main girders so as to move in a direction in which the pair of main girders separate from each other The method for manufacturing a composite segment according to claim 5.

7. The manufacturing apparatus is Equipped with a plurality of height adjusting parts provided on each of the plurality of receiving members, moving the corresponding receiving member up and down by an external force, and adjusting the height of the corresponding receiving member, After fixing the pair of main girders to the pair of main girder fixing parts, adjusting the height of each of the plurality of receiving members according to the shape of the skin plate by the plurality of height adjusting parts The method for manufacturing a composite segment according to claim 5 or 6.

8. Each of the plurality of receiving members is provided so as to extend from one main girder fixing part toward the other main girder fixing part on the inner surface of the pair of main girder fixing parts The method for manufacturing a composite segment according to claim 5 or 6.

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