Drilling device and drilling method for creating a vertical borehole

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling device for creating a vertical borehole along a drilling line from a starting point to a target point provided below the starting point in an accessible underground cavity, the drilling device comprising: a drive for rotating the drill head when the drill head is in use, the drive being provided at the starting point, and the drive being connectable to a drill string; a vertical drill head for creating a vertical borehole from the starting point to the target point along a created borehole or along the drilling line, the vertical drill head being connectable to the dill string; the drill string which is detachably assembled from a plurality of drill pipe elements, connects the drill head, during a drilling operation, to the drive for rotating the drill head and, during drilling with the drill head, can be lengthened by the insertion of drill pipe elements in the drill string at the starting point according to drilling progress or can be shortened by the removal of drill pipe elements from the drill string at the starting point; a pressing force-introduction device for generating a pressing force for pressing the vertical drill head against the working face to be removed, the pressing force-introduction device having at least one actuator for introducing a defined pressing force into the vertical drill head during drilling.

Description

[0001] KLICKOW & WETZ EL

[0002] PARTNERSHIP COMPANY MBB

[0003] PATENT ATTORNEYS EUROPEAN PATENT AND TRADEMARK ATTORNEYS

[0004] JESSENSTRASSE 4 22767 HAMBURG GERMANY

[0005] Registration number: Herrenknecht AG www.klickow-wetzel.de

[0006] Schlehenweg 2, 77963 Schwanau, Germany Phone: +49 (0)40 380 8715-0 Fax: +49 (0)40 380 8715-25 Email: mail@klickow-wetzel.de

[0007] HKN-242A-DE

[0008] August 5, 2025 / pwl.pwl

[0009] Drilling device and drilling method for creating a vertical borehole

[0010] The invention relates to a drilling device and a drilling method for creating a vertical borehole along a borehole line from a starting point to a target point, wherein the target point is provided below the starting point in an underground accessible cavity.

[0011] DE3905699C1 discloses a drilling device and a drilling method for creating a vertical borehole, in which a large-diameter underground borehole is created from a starting point above a target point using a drilling device. A pilot borehole is sunk, and then the pilot borehole is expanded by pressure with a drill head from the starting point to the target point. A disadvantage of this method is that, due to the pressure drilling, the drill string must be designed to be correspondingly robust in order to enable precise drilling and stable behavior during the transmission of drive and thrust forces to the drill head. Furthermore, the drilling lengths are limited due to the pressure drilling method.

[0012] The object of the invention is to improve the aforementioned methods, in particular with regard to drilling length and drilling precision, especially under different rock conditions or unstable rock conditions.

[0013] With regard to the drilling device, the solution according to the invention provides a drilling device with a drive for rotating the drill head in use, wherein the drive is provided at the starting point, and wherein the drive can be connected to a drill string, with a vertical drill head for creating a vertical bore from the starting point to the target point along a created bore or the drilling line, wherein the vertical drill head can be connected to the drill string, with the drill string which is detachably assembled from several drill string elements, KLICKOW & WETZEL which connects the drill head in drilling operation to the drive for rotating the drill head, and which, during drilling with the drill head, can be lengthened by inserting drill string elements into the drill string at the starting point according to the drilling progress or shortened by removing drill string elements from the drill string at the starting point.with a pressure force introduction device into the vertical drill head for generating a pressure force to press the vertical drill head against the face to be excavated, wherein the pressure force introduction device has at least one actuator for introducing a defined pressure force into the vertical drill head during drilling.

[0014] This makes it easy to increase the drilling length while keeping the equipment simple.

[0015] Advantageously, the invention provides a drilling device with a pilot drill head for creating a pilot bore from the starting point to the target point along the drilling line, wherein the pilot drill head is connectable to the drill string. Furthermore, the drilling device advantageously includes at least one reaming drill head for creating a reaming bore along the pilot bore from the target point to the starting point, which, after the pilot bore has been created, is connectable to the drill string located in the pilot bore. The diameter of the reaming drill head is smaller than the diameter of the vertical drill head and larger than the diameter of the pilot drill head, and the reaming drill head is connectable to the drill string. This allows for a simple reduction in the effort required for pull drilling from the starting point to the target point. Creating a pilot bore increases the precision of the drilling.

[0016] A further teaching of the invention provides that the pilot drill head is a drill head with drilling tools provided thereon for loosening rock, preferably roller chisels, and / or the reaming drill head is a raise drill head or reamer with drilling tools provided thereon for loosening rock, preferably roller chisels.

[0017] A further aspect of the invention provides that a temporary support can be inserted into the pilot bore and / or the reaming bore, preferably in the form of segments made of a drillable material or by spraying on a drillable material, particularly preferably concrete or plastic. This allows for the simple insertion of a support that provides sufficient protection against unplanned rock dislodgement from the borehole wall and blockage of the borehole in the next drilling step, without significantly increasing the effort. This easily stabilizes the borehole under unstable rock conditions. KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0018] It is advantageous that the drill string is connected to a lowering element during installation in the pilot bore or the reaming bore, allowing the temporary support to be inserted into the reaming bore. This is a particularly simple and cost-effective way to install the support. This allows the support to be installed in a particularly straightforward manner.

[0019] A further aspect of the invention provides that the vertical drill head has a substantially conical structure with drilling tools for loosening rock. It is further advantageous that the vertical drill head has a guide in a pilot bore or reaming bore and / or a central opening for conveying the loosened rock into the pilot bore or reaming bore.

[0020] A further aspect of the invention provides that the vertical drill head has an element for establishing a detachable connection with the drill string, preferably at least one, preferably two, clamping jaws driven by an actuator, with which a positive-locking and / or force-locking connection between the vertical drill head and the drill string can be detachably established. This enables fast and easy drilling, particularly without having to modify the drill string itself.

[0021] Another teaching of the invention provides that the vertical drill head can be connected to the drill string on the side facing the target point and on the side facing the starting point.

[0022] A further aspect of the invention provides that the vertical drill head is constructed from at least two superimposed segments which are detachable from one another, so that the drill diameter can be reduced. This allows the diameter of the borehole to be easily reduced, for example, if the drilling cannot be continued with the original diameter due to rock conditions.

[0023] A further teaching of the invention provides that the contact force introduction device has a push unit with the at least one actuator at the starting point, wherein the at least one actuator is connected to at least one force transmission element, and that the contact force introduction device has a force introduction element which is rotatably connected to the vertical drill head on its side facing the target point, and which is rotationally fixed to the at least one force transmission element on its side facing the starting point, wherein the defined contact force that can be introduced by the at least one actuator is transmitted via the at least one force introduction element and the force transmission element to the KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0024] The vertical drill head can be transferred. This allows the pressure force to be easily applied from the surface without subjecting the drill string to shear stress. Furthermore, this allows the drill string to be easily stabilized by applying tension.

[0025] It is advantageous that the at least one force transmission element is a lining element, preferably in the form of tunnel segments or lining sections, preferably made of concrete or steel, which are particularly preferably connectable to one another. This allows for the simple installation of the lining. Furthermore, a simple means of transmitting the pressure force from the surface to the drill head is provided. In addition, the lining itself can provide the pressure force through its own weight. The friction of the lining against the borehole wall can preferably be subtracted in this case. If the resulting pressure force is sufficient, advancement by the feed unit can then be dispensed with, at least temporarily.

[0026] A further aspect of the invention provides that the rotationally fixed connection between the vertical drill head and the force application element is provided via at least one rolling bearing or a sliding bearing. This allows the vertical drill head to rotate relative to the force application element in a simple manner.

[0027] A further aspect of the invention provides that the force introduction element has an opening, preferably centrally located, for the drill string. This provides a simple way to decouple the drill string from the system for introducing the contact force.

[0028] Another teaching of the invention provides that the actuator of the thrust unit is at least one hydraulic cylinder.

[0029] A further aspect of the invention provides that a lifting and lowering device is provided at the starting point, which is connected to the force application element and with which a tensile force can be introduced into the force application element in the direction of the starting point. This allows a counterforce to be easily introduced by lifting to reduce the contact force if the contact force becomes greater than a set value due to the weight of the force transmission element itself.

[0030] It is advantageous that the lifting and lowering device is a stranded lifting / lowering device with at least two units, each with at least one actuator (KLICKOW & WETZEL preferably a lifting / lowering cylinder) and a stranded locking mechanism. This allows for simple provision by lifting.

[0031] A further aspect of the invention provides that the force application element is constructed from at least two detachable segments, with the lifting and lowering device preferably being connected to the inner segment. In particular, the stability is increased in a simple manner by providing tensile-resistant connections.

[0032] A further aspect of the invention provides that the force transmission element is extendable. This allows the connection between the thrust unit and the force application element to be easily maintained as drilling progresses.

[0033] A further aspect of the invention provides that the force application device is a tension unit located at the target point below the pilot bore or reaming bore. This allows the contact force to be applied easily from the starting point of the bore without subjecting the drill string to shear stress. Furthermore, this allows the drill string to be easily stabilized by applying tension.

[0034] It is advantageous that the drill string can be connected to the pulling unit, the pulling unit having an actuator for applying a pulling force via the drill string to the vertical drill head when drilling the vertical bore.

[0035] A further aspect of the invention provides that the force application device is a thrust unit located at the starting point above the pilot bore or reaming bore. This allows the pressure force to be applied easily from the starting point of the bore.

[0036] A further aspect of the invention provides that the pulling unit has a deflecting element, preferably a chute, for the excavated rock at the exit opening of the pilot or reaming borehole for conveyance. This allows the removal of the excavated rock at the destination to be carried out safely and easily.

[0037] A further aspect of the invention provides that the actuator of the pulling unit is at least one hydraulic cylinder. This allows the necessary pulling force for drilling to be provided in a simple manner. KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0038] Another aspect of the invention provides that the tensioning unit can be braced at the target point between the base and the ridge. This allows for simple stabilization of the tensioning unit.

[0039] A further aspect of the invention provides that the pulling unit has a rotating element at the target point, which can be connected to the drill string. This allows the rotation of the drill string to be easily controlled and guided at the target point.

[0040] A further aspect of the invention provides that a vertical borehole support can be inserted into the vertical borehole, preferably during drilling with the vertical drill head. This allows the borehole to be easily secured above the vertical drill head.

[0041] It is advantageous that the lining is made of shotcrete. A further advantage is the provision of a platform above the drill head, from which the shotcrete can be applied. This type of lining is simple, quick, and safe to install.

[0042] Alternatively, it is advantageous that the vertical borehole support consists of support elements, preferably in the form of tunnel segments or lining sections, preferably made of concrete or steel, which can be connected to one another. Such support is easy, quick and safe to install.

[0043] A further aspect of the invention provides that a lifting and lowering device is provided at the starting point for inserting the support elements into the vertical borehole. This allows the support to be lowered quickly, safely, and in a controlled manner into the shaft.

[0044] It is advantageous that the lifting and lowering device is a stranded lifting / lowering device with at least two stranded lifting / lowering units, each with at least one actuator, preferably a lifting / lowering cylinder, and a stranded locking mechanism. Surprisingly, it has been found that this makes removal particularly easy, quick, and safe.

[0045] Regarding the drilling method, the solution according to the invention provides a drilling method for creating a vertical borehole from a starting point to a target point, wherein the target point is located in an underground accessible cavity, in particular with a previously described drilling device, comprising the steps of: creating the vertical borehole with final diameter from the starting point to the target point by having the drive move the vertical drill head via the KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0046] The drill string rotates and the pressure force application device moves the drill string towards the target point with an actuator, preferably with at least one hydraulic cylinder as actuator; a drive for rotating a drill head is provided at the starting point; a vertical drill head is provided at the starting point; a pressure force application device is provided; the drill string is connected to the drive; the vertical drill head is connected to the drill string; the pressure force application device is connected to the vertical drill head; and the vertical bore with final diameter is created from the starting point to the target point by the drive rotating the vertical drill head over the drill string and the pressure force application device moving the drill string towards the target point with an actuator, preferably with at least one hydraulic cylinder as actuator.

[0047] Advantageously, the drilling method comprises the following steps: providing the pressure force application device in the form of a push unit with the actuator at the starting point, providing a force transmission element, connecting the force application element to the actuator, providing a force application element, connecting the force application element on its side facing the target point to the vertical drill head, thus providing a rotatable connection, connecting the force application element on its side facing the starting point to the force transmission element, thus providing a rotationally fixed connection, and introducing a defined pressure force through the actuator via the force transmission element and the force application element onto the vertical drill head.

[0048] Furthermore, it is advantageous that the at least one force transmission element is provided as a support element, preferably in the form of tunnel segments or support segments, preferably made of concrete or steel, which are particularly preferably connected to each other.

[0049] A further teaching of the invention provides that a lifting and lowering device, preferably a strand lifting / lowering device with at least two strand lifting / lowering units with at least one actuator each, preferably a lifting / lowering cylinder, and each strand locking device, is provided at the starting point, which is connected to the force introduction element, and with which a tensile force can be introduced into the force introduction element in the direction of the starting point.

[0050] A further aspect of the invention provides that the force application element is constructed from at least two detachable segments, with the lifting and lowering device preferably being connected to the inner segment. This allows for a simple construction of the force application element. Furthermore, the diameter of the borehole can preferably be reduced in a simple manner, for example, if the KLICKOW & WETZEL borehole cannot be continued with the original diameter due to rock conditions.

[0051] Another teaching of the invention provides a drilling method comprising the following steps: providing the pressure force introduction device in the form of a pulling unit arranged at the target point, connecting the drill string to the pulling unit, wherein the pulling unit pulls the drill string in the direction of the target point with the actuator.

[0052] It is advantageous that the vertical drill head is connected to the drill string on the side facing the target point and on the side facing the starting point, and that the length of the drill string is kept constant by installing a drill string element at the starting point and removing a drill string element at the target point. Alternatively, it is advantageous that the vertical drill head is connected to the drill string via an element provided on the vertical drill head for establishing a detachable connection, preferably at least two clamping jaws driven by an actuator, with which a positive-locking and / or force-locking connection between the vertical drill head and the drill string is detachably established, the drive rotates the vertical drill head, and the pulling unit pulls the vertical drill head towards the target point via the actuator.

[0053] It is advantageous that, when a defined drilling progress is reached with the actuator of the pulling unit, preferably the stroke of a hydraulic cylinder, the pulling unit stops the pulling, the drive stops the rotation of the vertical drill head, the element for establishing the detachable connection with the drill string is opened, the drill string is moved a defined distance, preferably the stroke of a hydraulic cylinder, by the actuator of the pulling unit towards the starting point, and the vertical drill head is reconnected to the drill string. It is advantageous that the drill string is connected to a rotating element of the pulling unit.

[0054] Advantageously, the invention further provides a drilling method comprising the following steps: providing a pilot drill head at the starting point, providing drill string elements at the starting point, connecting the pilot drill head to the drive via a drill string that is successively assembled from several drill string elements, creating a pilot bore from the starting point to the target point by rotating the first drill head over the drill string and, if necessary, advancing the drill string towards the target point, whereby the drill string is successively lengthened by inserting drill string elements at the starting point until the target point is reached, and disconnecting the first drill head from the drill string located in the pilot bore at the target point.

[0055] Advantageously, the invention further provides a drilling method with the following steps: KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0056] Deploying a reaming drill head at the target point, connecting the reaming drill head to the drill string, creating a reaming bore from the target point to the starting point prior to creating the vertical bore by having the drive rotate the reaming drill head over the drill string and pull the drill string towards the starting point, the drill string being successively shortened by removing drill string elements at the starting point until the starting point is reached, cutting off the second drill head from the drill string at the starting point, and inserting the drill string into the reaming bore until the target point is reached.

[0057] Another teaching of the invention provides that a pilot borehole support or reaming borehole support, preferably in the form of concrete segments, is inserted into the pilot borehole or the reaming borehole.

[0058] It is advantageous that a lowering element is provided, that the drill string is connected to a lowering element when being inserted into the pilot bore or the reaming bore, via which the pilot bore support or the reaming bore support is inserted into the pilot or reaming bore.

[0059] Another teaching of the invention provides that a vertical borehole support is inserted into the vertical borehole, preferably during the drilling of the vertical drill head.

[0060] It is advantageous that the lining consists of shotcrete or lining elements, preferably in the form of tunnel segments or lining sections, preferably made of concrete or steel.

[0061] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment in conjunction with a drawing. The drawing shows...

[0062] Figures 1a to 1d show a schematic representation of the preferred method according to the invention and of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention.

[0063] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the inventive method and an embodiment of the inventive device for creating the vertical bore to Figure 1d with a first embodiment of the construction of the vertical bore, KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0064] Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of the inventive method and an embodiment of the inventive device for creating the vertical bore to Figure 1d with a second embodiment of the construction of the vertical bore,

[0065] Figure 4 shows a sectional view of the drill head according to the invention, and

[0066] Figures 5a to 5c show a schematic representation of the preferred method according to the invention and a second embodiment of the device according to the invention.

[0067] Figures 1a to 1d show the individual process steps of a preferred drilling method for creating a vertical bore 230, in particular a large hole bore, and the drilling device 10 required for this purpose in a first embodiment.

[0068] The vertical borehole 230, shown in Figure 1d, is created by first drilling a pilot borehole 210 between a starting point 110 and a target point 120 in an underground mine working 130 (Fig. 1a).

[0069] The drill cuttings 140 generated during the drilling of the pilot borehole 210 in the rock mass 100 are removed from the pilot borehole 210 during the drilling process using a suitable conveying system (not shown), for example, hydraulically or by means of an airlift system. Only after the pilot borehole 210 has broken through the crown 150 at the target point 120 can drill cuttings 140 fall onto the bottom 160.

[0070] The pilot drill head 30 is connected via a drill string 40 to a drive 20 of the drilling device 10.

[0071] Figure 1b shows a preferred second drilling step of the drilling method according to the invention. In this step, the pilot bore 210 is enlarged to a reaming bore 220 using a reaming drill head 31, which is connected to the drive 20 at the starting point 110 via the drill string 40. The drill cuttings 140 fall through the already drilled reaming bore 220 onto the level 160 of the underground mine working 130 at the target point 120. This step can also be omitted if the pilot bore 210 is to be drilled directly to the final diameter.

[0072] The reaming drill head 31 is connected to the drill string 40 at the target point 120 and rotated via the drill string 40 by the drive 20. Drilling progress is achieved by pulling the drill string 40 against the rock 100 by means of at least one actuator 22, preferably a hydraulic cylinder.

[0073] The drill string 40 consists of drill string elements 41, which are preferably screwed together or otherwise connected to one another. Preferably, recesses are provided on the drill string elements into which elements for creating a positive connection (not shown) can engage. Such elements are provided, for example, in the drive 20 to enable the drill string 40 to be raised or lowered vertically via the actuator 22, or to hold the drill string 40 in position.

[0074] During the creation of the pilot bore, the actuator 22 can, via the drill string 40, also press the pilot drill head 30 against the bottom of the borehole against the rock to be excavated 100. Additionally, special drill string elements, which have a higher weight, can be provided for the drilling advance during the creation of the pilot bore 210.

[0075] When creating the reaming borehole 220, the reaming drill head 31 is pulled against the bottom of the borehole against the rock 100 to be loosened via the actuator 22.

[0076] The length of drill string 40 is changed by adding drill string elements 41 at the starting point 110 or by removing drill string elements 41 at the starting point 110.

[0077] When the reaming drill head 31 has reached the starting point 110, it is removed from the drill string 40.

[0078] Figure 1c shows a further preferred process step, namely the installation of a borehole reamer 300 as a temporary support. This support is formed from support elements 310. Preferably, these support elements 310 consist of a material that can be extracted during the construction of the vertical borehole. This is particularly preferably concrete or plastic. If necessary, or alternatively, this step can also be applied analogously to the pilot borehole.

[0079] A lowering element 50, connected to the drill string 40, is provided for inserting the stacked support elements 310 to create the borehole reaming support 300. The support elements 310 are stacked on top of each other on the lowering element 50 and lowered from the starting point 110 to the target point 120 by extending the drill string 40 through the installation of drill string elements 41, thereby creating the borehole reaming support 300 as a temporary support. KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0080] The expansion of the enlargement borehole 220 or the pilot borehole 210 is particularly necessary if the rock is not sufficiently stable and there is a risk that elements from the borehole wall 430 may break off, potentially clogging the pilot borehole 210 or the enlargement borehole, especially during the final construction of the vertical borehole 230.

[0081] Once the reaming borehole support 300 has been fully installed as a temporary support and the lowering element 50 has reached the target point 120, the temporary support is locked in place and the lowering element 50 is disconnected from the drill string 40. If necessary, mortar is placed behind the support 300.

[0082] Figure 1d shows the process step of widening the widening borehole 220, including the widening borehole support 300. For this purpose, a vertical drill head 32 is provided, which is connected to the drill string 40. The connection is made for the first time at the starting point 110.

[0083] In this embodiment, a pulling unit 60 is arranged at the target point 120 below the borehole opening 240 in the crown 150 as a contact force introduction device 500. The pulling unit 60 preferably and by way of example has a rotary element 61 which is movably connected to a base 63 of the pulling unit 60 via an actuator 62.

[0084] The actuator 62, which is preferably at least one hydraulic cylinder, allows the rotary element 61 to be moved in the direction of arrow B, so that the drill string 40 can be raised and pulled as a whole. The actuator 62 thus applies a tensile force as a pressure force via the drill string 40 onto the reaming drill head 31 to generate drilling progress.

[0085] The tensioning unit 60 also has vertical bracing elements 64 at the base 63, with which the tensioning unit 60 is braced between the base 160 and the ridge 150.

[0086] Furthermore, the pulling unit 60 has a slide 66 onto which the drill cuttings 140 released from the vertical drill head 32 enter and are deflected to the side.

[0087] The vertical drill head 32 has a conical base body 33 on which drilling tools 34, for example roller chisels, are arranged. Furthermore, preferably at least one driver 35 is arranged on the base body 33, on which drilling tools 36 can also be provided. These can be, in particular, pin chisels or peeling knives. KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0088] Furthermore, the vertical drill head 32 has an element 37 for establishing a detachable connection with the drill string 40. The element s? comprises at least one clamping jaw 38 which can be pressed against a drill string element 41 of the drill string 40 by means of at least one actuator 39, preferably a hydraulic cylinder, so that a force-fit or form-fit connection between the vertical drill head 32 and the drill string 40 is provided.

[0089] If the clamping jaw 38 is closed, the vertical drill head 32 can be moved together with the drill string 40, for example by the actuator 62 of the pulling element 60 pulling the vertical drill head 32 against the rock 100 of the drill bottom, so that the drilling tools 34, 36 loosen the rock by the rotational movement of the drill string 40, which is introduced into the drill string 40 by the drive 20.

[0090] Furthermore, the vertical drill head 32 has a guide element 42 on its base body 33, which has the diameter of the pilot bore 210 or the reaming bore 220. The guide element 42 centers the vertical drill head 32 within the pilot bore 210 or the reaming bore 220. If a core is installed in the pilot bore 210 or the reaming bore 220, the guide element 42 is correspondingly smaller in diameter.

[0091] As an alternative to the clamping jaws 38, the element 37 can also represent a wedge connection, in which a detachable connection between the vertical drill head 32 and the drill string 40 is made via interlocking wedge elements.

[0092] To initiate drilling, the element 37 enters into a form-fit or force-fit connection with at least one drill string element 41 of the drill string 40, in which, for example, the at least one clamping jaw 38 is pressed against the drill string element 41 by the actuator 39.

[0093] The drive 20 sets the drill string 40 into rotation, so that the drilling tools 34, 36 move / roll on the rock 100 of the drill bottom and thereby loosen the rock 100 into drill cuttings 140.

[0094] Due to the conical shape of the base body 33 and the arrangement of the drilling tools 34, 36 on the base body, the loosened drill cuttings 140 slide towards the guide element 42, and move through it into the underlying bore 210, 220 and fall out of the KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0095] Borehole opening 240 onto the chute 66 and from there into a container or onto the base 160, from where it can then be conveyed away accordingly.

[0096] The drivers 35 are optionally arranged on the base body 33 in such a way as to support the movement of the drill cuttings 140 towards the conveyance.

[0097] When the vertical drill head 32 is set in rotation, the actuator 62 of the pulling element 60 pulls the drill string 40 downwards, thus achieving drilling progress.

[0098] Once the actuator 62 has traveled a defined distance, for example, the stroke of a hydraulic cylinder, the drive 20 stops rotating, the element 37 is released, for example, by opening the clamping jaws 38, and the actuator 62 lifts the drill string 40 by the defined distance, for example, the stroke of a hydraulic cylinder. The element 37 then re-establishes a positive and / or non-positive connection with the drill string 40, and the drive 20 sets the vertical drill head 32 back into rotation via the rotation input into the drill string 40. The actuator 62 then re-engages the drill string 40 accordingly, so that drilling continues.

[0099] The drive 20 comprises a base 21 and a rotary drive 23, which has at least one actuator.

[0100] 22 are connected to each other. The rotary drive 23 has a connecting element 24 with which a drill string element 41 can be connected to the rotary drive 23, so that the rotary drive

[0101] 23 can initiate a rotary movement in the drill string 40.

[0102] In parallel, the drive 20 can, via the actuator 22, move the rotary drive 23 towards or away from the base 21 in the direction of arrow A. This allows, for example, a compressive force to be exerted on the pilot drill head 30 during the creation of the pilot bore 210. The same applies to the reaming drill head 31 during the creation of the reaming bore 220. The travel height of the actuator 22 is preferably at least the height of a drill string element 41, so that drill string elements 41 can be inserted into and removed from the drill string 40 at the starting point 110 and placed in or removed from a bearing 25.

[0103] The drive 20 is preferably arranged on a portal 26 above a borehole opening 250.

[0104] Preferably, a strand lifting / lowering device 70 (Figure 1d, 2) consisting of at least two strand lifting / lowering units 73 is further provided, with which a vertical borehole support 400 KLICKOW & WETZEL, consisting of annular vertical borehole support elements 410, in one piece or in multiple parts, can be inserted following the drilling progress of the vertical drill head 32. The strand lifting / lowering system 70 comprises a strand lifting / lowering element 71 on which a lower vertical borehole support element 410 is arranged.

[0105] The stranded lifting / lowering element 71 is connected via strands 72 to the respective corresponding stranded lifting / lowering units 73. These each have at least one drum 74 on which the strands 72 can be wound up and down.

[0106] Furthermore, the strand lifting / lowering unit 73 includes an actuator 75, for example a hydraulic cylinder, with which a strand 72, detachably connected to the actuator 75, can be continuously lowered until a defined distance, for example the stroke of a hydraulic cylinder, has been covered. Conversely, the strand lifting / lowering element 71 can also be raised or temporarily held in a position.

[0107] The wire 72 is then locked, the actuator 75 is detached from the wire 72, retracted, and reconnected to the wire 72. In this way, the vertical borehole support 400 can be successively installed in the form of individual support elements 410, following the excavation progress of the vertical drill head 32.

[0108] Alternatively, a platform 80 (Figure 3) can be provided on strands 81, which can be raised and lowered in the direction of arrow C via a drum system 82 and thus be lifted and lowered in the vertical borehole 230. From the platform 80, for example, shotcrete 42 can be applied as vertical borehole lining 400 to the wall 430 of the vertical borehole 230.

[0109] Figures 5a to 5c show the individual process steps of a preferred drilling method for creating a vertical bore 230, in particular a large hole bore, and the necessary drilling device 10 in a second embodiment.

[0110] The vertical borehole 230, shown in Figure 5c, is created by first drilling a pilot borehole 210 between a starting point 110 and a target point 120 in an underground mine working 130 (Fig. 5a).

[0111] The drill cuttings 140 produced during the drilling of the pilot borehole 210 in the rock mass 100 are removed from the pilot borehole 210 during the tunneling process using a suitable conveying system (not shown), for example, hydraulically or by means of an airlift system. Only according to the KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0112] Upon breakthrough of the pilot borehole 210 through the crown 150 at the target point 120, drill cuttings 140 can fall onto the floor 160.

[0113] The pilot drill head 30 is connected via a drill string 40 to a drive 20 of the drilling device 10.

[0114] Figure 5b shows a preferred second drilling step of the drilling method according to the invention. In this step, the pilot bore 210 is enlarged to a reaming bore 220 using a reaming drill head 31, which is connected to the drive 20 at the starting point 110 via the drill string 40. The drill cuttings 140 fall through the already drilled reaming bore 220 onto the level 160 of the underground mine working 130 at the target point 120. This step can also be omitted if the pilot bore 210 is to be drilled directly to the final diameter.

[0115] The reaming drill head 31 is connected to the drill string 40 at the target point 120 and rotated via the drill string 40 by the drive 20. Drilling progress is achieved by pulling the drill string 40 against the rock 100 by means of at least one actuator 22, preferably a hydraulic cylinder.

[0116] The drill string 40 consists of drill string elements 41, which are preferably screwed together or otherwise connected to one another. Preferably, recesses are provided on the drill string elements into which elements for creating a positive connection (not shown) can engage. Such elements are provided, for example, in the drive 20 to enable the drill string to be raised or lowered vertically via the actuator 22, or to hold the drill string in position.

[0117] During the creation of the pilot bore, the actuator 22 can, via the drill string 40, also press the pilot drill head 30 against the bottom of the borehole against the rock to be excavated 100. Additionally, special drill string elements, which have a higher weight, can be provided for the drilling advance during the creation of the pilot bore 210.

[0118] When creating the reaming borehole 220, the reaming drill head 31 is pulled against the bottom of the borehole against the rock 100 to be loosened via the actuator 22.

[0119] The length of drill string 40 is changed by adding drill string elements 41 at the starting point 110 or by removing drill string elements 41 at the starting point 110. KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0120] When the reaming drill head 31 has reached the starting point 110, it is removed from the drill string 40.

[0121] Additionally, analogous to Figure 1c (reference numerals accordingly), a further preferred process step can be provided, namely the insertion of a borehole reamer 300 as a temporary support. This support is formed from support elements 310. Preferably, these support elements 310 consist of a material that can be removed during the construction of the vertical borehole. This is particularly preferably concrete or plastic. If necessary, or alternatively, this step can also be applied analogously to the pilot borehole.

[0122] To insert the stacked support elements 310 for constructing the borehole reaming support 300, a lowering element 50 connected to the drill string 40 can be provided. The support elements 310 are stacked on top of each other on the lowering element 50 and lowered from the starting point 110 to the target point 120 by extending the drill string 40 through the installation of drill string elements 41, thereby creating the borehole reaming support 300.

[0123] The expansion of the enlargement borehole 220 is particularly necessary if the rock is not sufficiently stable and there is a risk that elements from the borehole wall 430 may break off, potentially clogging the pilot borehole 210 or the enlargement borehole, especially during the final construction of the vertical borehole 230.

[0124] Once the borehole support 300 is fully installed and the lowering element 50 has reached the target point 120, the support is locked in place and the lowering element 50 is separated from the borestring 40. The borestring 40 can then be removed from the starting point. If necessary, grout is placed behind the support 300.

[0125] Figure 5c shows the process step of widening the widening borehole 220. For this purpose, a vertical drill head 32 is provided, which is connected to the drill string 40. The connection is made for the first time at the starting point 110.

[0126] The drilling device 10 has a contact force application device 500, which here comprises a push unit 90, a force transmission element 401, a force application element 170, and preferably the stranded wire lifting / lowering device 70. KLICKOW & WETZEL

[0127] In this embodiment, the push unit 90 of the pressure force application device 500 is arranged at the starting point 110 above the borehole opening 250. The push unit 90 preferably and by way of example has at least one feed element 91, which is movably connected to an actuator 92 with a base 63 of the pull unit 60. The actuator has an engagement element 93 on one side, which can establish a connection with a force transmission element 94. Here, for example, the actuator 92 is vertically extendable and retractable in direction C. Furthermore, the actuator is connected, for example, to a traversing element 94 opposite the engagement element 93, which is horizontally traversable on a base 95 in direction D.

[0128] The engagement element 93 engages the force transmission element 401 of the clamping force application device 500 from above, which also acts as a vertical extension 400. The force transmission element 401 is preferably assembled from individual elements 402 to form force transmission element rings 403, which can be mounted, for example, with a crane 55. The force transmission element rings 403 are arranged one above the other in relation to the force transmission element 401 and are connected to each other, for example, in a tensile-resistant manner, by means of connecting elements 404. The force transmission element 401 is preferably extendable by adding rings 403.

[0129] For assembly, for example, a protective element 56 is provided for the upper borehole opening, around which the individual elements 402 are mounted to form power transmission element rings 403 and power transmission element 401.

[0130] The lowest ring 405 of the force transmission element 401 rests on a force introduction element 170 of the contact force introduction device 500. The force introduction element 170 is arranged horizontally above the vertical drill head 32.

[0131] Here, preferably centrally located, the force application element 170 has an opening 171 through which the drill string 40 extends. When rotated by the drive 20, the drill string 40 can rotate freely within the opening 171.

[0132] The actuator 92 of the thrust unit 90 of the pressure force application device 500 generates a feed force that acts from above on the force transmission element 401, pushing the force transmission element 401 downwards in the drilling direction from the starting point 110 to the target point 120. The feed force acts on the force application element 170. This transmits the feed force to the vertical drill head and generates a pressure force on the drill tools 34, 36 on the rock to be loosened. This pressure force is then generated by the rotation of the vertical drill head 32, introduced into the drill string 40 by the drive 20, which, as a movement of the drill tools 34, 36 on the rock 100, causes the rock to be loosened.

[0133] Furthermore, the drill string 40 is placed under tension so that it rotates with the least possible lateral / eccentric deflection.

[0134] The drilling progress is achieved by pressing the vertical drill head 32 against the rock 100 by means of at least one actuator 92 of the thrust unit and / or the weight force of the force transmission element 401.

[0135] The force application element 170 is composed of several parts 170a, 170b, 170c. Preferably, parts 170a to 170c are arranged concentrically around each other. The parts 170a, 170b, 170c of the force application element 170 are preferably detachable from one another. They can be separated from wide to narrow to reduce the bore diameter.

[0136] Preferably on each of the parts 170a, 170b, 170c, preferably on the inner part 170a, the strands 72 of the strand lifting / lowering device 70 of the pressure force introduction device 500 can be attached in order to counteract, for example, a counterforce or holding force against the feed force applied by the push unit 90 to the force transmission element 401 and, if applicable, the weight force of the force transmission element 401, in order to provide a defined pressure force on the vertical drill head 32.

[0137] The defined contact force thus preferably corresponds to the feed force of the thrust unit 90 and the weight force of the force transmission element 401, less the friction of the force transmission element 401 against the borehole wall 430 of the vertical borehole 230, the tensile force in the drill string 40, and the lifting force introduced, for example, into the force application element 170 by the strand lifting / lowering device 70. The forces applied by the actuators 90, 20, 75 are controlled as a function of the weight force and friction.

[0138] The vertical drill head 32 has a conical base body 33 on which drilling tools 34, for example roller chisels, are arranged. Furthermore, at least one driver 35 can be arranged on the base body 33, on which drilling tools 36 can also be provided. These can be, in particular, pin chisels or peeling knives.

[0139] The base body 33, for example, is constructed in three parts, consisting of three superimposed parts 33a, 33b, 33c. Parts 33a, 33b, 33c of the base body 33 are detachable from one another. They can be separated from wide to narrow to reduce the drill diameter.

[0140] On the upper side, the base body has a bearing 43, preferably a rolling or sliding bearing, which is in contact with a force introduction element 170 arranged above it, so that the drill head, when it is rotated via the drive 20, is rotatable relative to the force introduction element 170.

[0141] The drive 20 sets the drill string 40 into rotation, so that the drilling tools 34, 36 move / roll on the rock 100 of the drill bottom and thereby loosen the rock 100 into drill cuttings 140.

[0142] Due to the conical shape of the base body 33 and the arrangement of the drilling tools 34, 36 on the base body, the loosened drill cuttings 140 slide towards the guide element 42, and move through it into the borehole 210, 220 below and fall from the borehole opening 240 into a vessel or onto the bottom 160, from where it can then be conveyed away accordingly.

[0143] The possibly provided drivers 35 are arranged on the base body 33 in such a way as to support the movement of the drill cuttings 140 towards the conveyance.

[0144] When the vertical drill head 32 is set in rotation, the actuator 92 of the thrust unit 90 pushes the force transmission element 401 downwards as described above, so that drilling progress is achieved.

[0145] The drive 20 comprises a base 21 and a rotary drive 23, which has at least one actuator.

[0146] 22 are connected to each other. The rotary drive 23 has a connecting element 24 with which a drill string element 41 can be connected to the rotary drive 23, so that the rotary drive

[0147] 23 can initiate a rotary movement in the drill string 40.

[0148] In parallel, the drive 20 can, via the actuator 22, move the rotary drive 23 towards or away from the base 21 in the direction of arrow A. This allows, for example, a pressure force to be exerted on the pilot drill head 30 during the creation of the pilot bore 210. The same applies to the reaming drill head 31 during the creation of the reaming bore 220. The travel height of the actuator 22 is preferably at least the height of a drill string element 41, so that drill string elements 41 can be inserted into and removed from the drill string 40 at the starting point 110 KLICKOW & WETZEL, and placed in or removed from a storage area 25.

[0149] The drive 20 is preferably arranged on a portal 26 above a borehole opening 250.

[0150] Preferably, a strand lifting / lowering device 70 (Figure 5c) consisting of at least two strand lifting / lowering units 73 is further provided, with which a lifting force can be applied to the force application element 170. The strand lifting / lowering system 70 comprises a strand lifting / lowering element 71 on which a lower vertical bore support element 410 is arranged.

[0151] The stranded lifting / lowering element 71 is connected via strands 72 to the respective corresponding stranded lifting / lowering units 73. These each have at least one drum 74 on which the strands 72 can be wound up and down.

[0152] Furthermore, the strand lifting / lowering unit 73 includes an actuator 75, for example a hydraulic cylinder, with which a strand 72, detachably connected to the actuator 75, can be continuously lowered until a defined distance, for example the stroke of a hydraulic cylinder, has been covered. Conversely, the strand lifting / lowering element 71 can also be raised or temporarily held in a position.

[0153] The wire 72 is then locked, the actuator 75 is detached from the wire 72, retracted, and reconnected to the wire 72. In this way, the power transmission element 401 can be successively extended in the form of individual rings 403, following the mining progress of the vertical drill head 32.

Claims

1. KLICKOW & WETZ EL PARTNERSHIP COMPANY MBB PATENT ATTORNEYS EUROPEAN PATENT AND TRADEMARK ATTORNEYS JESSENSTRASSE 4 22767 HAMBURG GERMANY Registration: Herrenknecht AG www.klickow-wetzel.de Schlehenweg 2 Telephone: +49 (0)40 380 8715-0 77963 Schwanau Fax: +49 (0)40 380 8715-25 Germany mail@klickow-wetzel.de HKN-242A-DE August 5, 2025 / pwl.pwl Patent claims 1. Drilling device for creating a vertical borehole along a bore line from a starting point to a target point, wherein the target point is located below the starting point in an underground accessible cavity, comprising a drive for rotating the drill head in operation, the drive being located at the starting point, and the drive being connectable to a drill string, comprising a vertical drill head for creating a vertical borehole from the starting point to the target point along a created borehole or bore line, the vertical drill head being connectable to the drill string, and the drill string being detachably assembled from several drill string elements, which connects the drill head in operation to the drive for rotating the drill head.and which, during drilling with the drill head, can be extended by inserting drill string elements into the drill string at the starting point according to the drilling progress, or shortened by removing drill string elements from the drill string at the starting point, with a pressure force introduction device for generating a pressure force to press the vertical drill head against the face to be excavated, wherein the pressure force introduction device has at least one actuator for introducing a defined pressure force into the vertical drill head during drilling.

2. Drilling device according to claim 1 with a pilot drill head for creating a pilot bore from the starting point to the target point along the drilling line, wherein the pilot drill head is connectable to the drill string. KLICKOW & WETZEL 3. Drilling device according to claim 2 with at least one reaming drill head for creating a reaming bore along the pilot bore from the target point to the starting point, which can be connected to the drill string located in the pilot bore after the creation of the pilot bore, wherein the diameter of the reaming drill head is smaller than the diameter of the vertical drill head and larger than the diameter of the pilot drill head, and wherein the reaming drill head can be connected to the drill string.

4. Drilling device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the pilot drill head is a drill head with drilling tools provided thereon for loosening rock, preferably roller chisels, and / or the reaming drill head is a raise drill head with drilling tools provided thereon for loosening rock, preferably roller chisels.

5. Drilling device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that a temporary support can be introduced into the pilot bore and / or into the reaming bore, preferably in the form of segments made of a drillable material or by spraying on a drillable material, particularly preferably made of concrete or plastic.

6. Drilling device according to claim 5, characterized in that the drill string is connected to a lowering element when installed in the pilot bore or in the reaming bore, via which the temporary support can be introduced into the pilot bore or the reaming bore.

7. Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the vertical drill head has a substantially conical structure with drilling tools provided thereon for loosening rock.

8. Drilling device according to claim 5, characterized in that the vertical drill head has a guide in a pilot bore or reaming bore and / or a central opening for conveying the loosened rock into the pilot bore or reaming bore.

9. Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the vertical drill head has an element for establishing a detachable connection with the drill string, preferably at least one clamping jaw driven by an actuator, with which a positive-locking and / or force-locking connection between the vertical drill head and the drill string can be detachably established. KLICKOW & WETZEL 10. Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the vertical drill head can be connected to the drill string on the side facing the target point and on the side facing the starting point.

11. Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the vertical drill head is constructed from at least two superimposed segments which are detachable from each other, so that the drilling diameter can be reduced.

12. Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the pressure force introduction device has a push unit with the at least one actuator at the starting point, wherein the at least one actuator is connected to at least one force transmission element, and that the pressure force introduction device has a force introduction element which is rotatably connected to the vertical drill head on its side facing the target point, and which is non-rotatably connected to the at least one force transmission element on its side facing the starting point, wherein the defined pressure force that can be introduced by the at least one actuator can be transmitted to the vertical drill head via the at least one force introduction element and the force introduction element.

13. Drilling device according to claim 12, characterized in that the at least one force transmission element is a support element, preferably in the form of tunnel segments or support segments, preferably made of concrete or steel, which are particularly preferably connectable to one another.

14. Drilling device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the rotationally fixed connection between the vertical drill head and the force application element is provided via at least one rolling bearing or a sliding bearing.

15. Drilling device according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the force introduction element has an opening, preferably centrally located, for the drill string.

16. Drilling device according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the actuator of the thrust unit is at least one hydraulic cylinder.

17. Drilling device according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that a lifting and lowering device is provided at the starting point, which is connected to the force introduction element. KLICKOW & WETZEL is connected, and with which a tensile force can be introduced into the force introduction element in the direction of the starting point.

18. Drilling device according to claim 17, characterized in that the lifting and lowering device is a strand lifting / lowering device with at least two units, each with at least one lowering cylinder and each with a strand locking device.

19. Drilling device according to one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that the force application element is constructed from at least two segments that can be detached from one another, wherein the lifting and lowering device is preferably connected to the inner segment.

20. Drilling device according to one of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that the force transmission element is extendable.

21. Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the force application device is a pulling unit at the target point below the pilot bore or expansion bore.

22. Drilling device according to claim 21, characterized in that the drill string can be connected to the pulling unit, wherein the pulling unit has an actuator for applying a pulling force via the drill string to the vertical drill head when drilling the vertical bore.

23. Drilling device according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the pulling unit has a deflecting element, preferably a chute, for the discharge of the loosened rock at the exit opening of the pilot or reaming borehole.

24. Drilling device according to one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the actuator of the pulling unit is at least one hydraulic cylinder.

25. Drilling device according to one of claims 21 to 124, characterized in that the pulling unit can be clamped at the target point between the base and the ridge.

26. Drilling device according to one of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that the pulling unit has a rotating element at the target point which can be connected to the drill string. KLICKOW & WETZEL 27. Drilling device according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that a vertical borehole support can be inserted into the vertical borehole, preferably during drilling with the vertical drill head.

28. Drilling device according to claim 27, characterized in that the vertical borehole support is shotcrete.

29. Drilling device according to claim 28, characterized in that a platform is provided above the drill head from which the shotcrete can be applied.

30. Drilling device according to claim 27, characterized in that the vertical borehole support consists of support elements, preferably in the form of tunnel segments or support segments, preferably made of concrete or steel, which are particularly preferably connectable to one another.

31. Drilling device according to claim 30, characterized in that a lifting and lowering device for inserting the support elements into the vertical borehole is provided at the starting point.

32. Drilling device according to claim 31, characterized in that the lifting and lowering device is a strand lifting / lowering device with at least two strand lifting / lowering units, each with at least one actuator, preferably a lifting / lowering cylinder, and a strand locking device.

33. Drilling method for creating a vertical borehole from a starting point to a target point, wherein the target point is provided in an underground accessible cavity, in particular with a drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 32, comprising the steps: Providing a drive for rotating a drill head at the starting point, providing a vertical drill head at the starting point, providing a pressure force application device, connecting the drill string to the drive, connecting the vertical drill head to the drill string, Connecting the pressure force application device to the vertical drill head, Creating the vertical bore with final diameter from the starting point to the target point, by having the drive rotate the vertical drill head over the drill string and the pressure force application device move the drill string in the direction of the target point with an actuator, preferably with at least one hydraulic cylinder as the actuator. KLICKOW & WETZEL 34. Drilling method according to claim 33 characterized by the steps: Providing the contact force application device in the form of a push unit with the actuator at the starting point, Providing at least one power transmission element, Connecting the force application element to the actuator, Providing a force application element, Connecting the force application element on its side facing the target point to the vertical drill head, so that a rotatable connection is provided, preferably via a rolling bearing or sliding bearing, Connecting the force introduction element on its side facing the starting point to the force transmission element, so that a rotationally fixed connection, preferably a screw connection, is provided, and Introducing a defined contact force by the actuator via the force transmission element and the force introduction element onto the vertical drill head.

35. Drilling method according to claim 34, characterized in that the at least one force transmission element is provided as a support element, preferably in the form of tunnel segments or support segments, preferably made of concrete or steel, which are particularly preferably connected to each other.

36. Drilling method according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that a lifting and lowering device, preferably a strand lifting / lowering device with at least two strand lifting / lowering units with at least one actuator each, preferably a lifting / lowering cylinder, and each strand locking device, is provided at the starting point, which is connected to the force introduction element, and with which a tensile force can be introduced into the force introduction element in the direction of the starting point.

37. Drilling method according to one of claims 33 to 36, characterized in that the force introduction element is extendable and is constructed from at least two segments that can be detached from each other at the starting point.

38. Drilling method according to claim 33 characterized by the steps: Providing the clamping force application device in the form of a pulling unit arranged at the target point, Connecting the drill string to the pulling unit, with the pulling unit pulling the drill string towards the target point with the actuator. KLICKOW & WETZEL 39. Drilling method according to claim 38, characterized in that the vertical drill head is connected to the drill string on the side facing the target point and on the side facing the starting point and the length of the drill string is kept constant by installing a drill string element at the starting point and removing a drill string element at the target point.

40. Drilling method according to claim 37 or 38, characterized in that the vertical drill head is connected to the drill string via an element provided on the vertical drill head for establishing a detachable connection, preferably at least two clamping jaws driven by an actuator, with which a positive locking and / or force locking connection between the vertical drill head and the drill string is detachably established, the drive rotates the vertical drill head and the pulling unit pulls the vertical drill head via the actuator in the direction of the target point.

41. Drilling method according to claim 40, characterized in that, when a defined drilling progress is reached with the actuator of the pulling unit, preferably the stroke of a hydraulic cylinder, the pulling unit stops the pulling, the drive stops the rotation of the vertical drill head, the element for establishing the detachable connection with the drill string is opened, the drill string is moved a defined distance, preferably the stroke of a hydraulic cylinder, by the actuator of the pulling unit in the direction of the starting point and the vertical drill head is reconnected to the drill string.

42. Drilling method according to one of claims 38 to 41, characterized in that the drill string is connected to a rotating element of the pulling element.

43. Drilling method according to one of claims 33 to 42 characterized by the steps of: providing a pilot drill head at the starting point, Provision of drill string elements at the starting point, Connecting the pilot drill head to the drive via a drill string that is successively assembled from several drill string elements and can be detached, Creating a pilot bore from the starting point to the target point by rotating the first drill head over the drill string and, if necessary, advancing the drill string towards the target point, whereby the drill string is successively lengthened by inserting drill string elements at the starting point until the target point is reached. Cutting off the first drill head from the drill string located in the pilot bore at the target point.

44. Drilling method according to one of claims 33 to 43, comprising the steps of: providing a reaming drill head at the target point, Connecting the reaming drill head to the drill string, KLICKOW & WETZEL Creating a reaming bore from the target point to the starting point prior to creating the vertical bore, by rotating the reaming drill head over the drill string and pulling the drill string towards the starting point, with the drill string being successively shortened by removing drill string elements at the starting point until the starting point is reached, cutting off the second drill head from the drill string at the starting point, Inserting the drill string into the reaming bore until the target point is reached.

45. Drilling method according to claim 43 or 44, characterized in that a pilot borehole support or reaming borehole support, preferably in the form of concrete segments, is inserted into the pilot borehole or into the reaming borehole.

46. ​​Method according to claim 45, characterized in that a lowering element is provided, that the drill string is connected to a lowering element when being inserted into the pilot bore or into the reaming bore, via which the pilot bore support or the reaming bore support is inserted into the pilot or reaming bore.

47. Method according to one of claims 33 to 46, characterized in that a vertical borehole support is inserted into the vertical borehole, preferably during the drilling of the vertical drill head.

48. Method according to claim 47, characterized in that the lining consists of shotcrete or lining elements, preferably in the form of tunnel segments or lining segments, preferably made of concrete or steel.

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