The present invention relates to the technical field of the synthesis of
benzodiazepine compounds, and specifically discloses a magnetic nano-
bifunctional acid catalyst, a preparation method thereof, and a catalytic application. In the present invention, Fe3O4@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles modified with a
chlorosilane coupling agent are selected as the carrier, and an aminophosphonic acid compound is used as the
grafting substance. Through the dehydrochlorination reaction between the Cl in the
silane coupling agent and the NH2 in the aminophosphonic acid compound, the
grafting of the aminophosphonic acid compound on the surface of the
magnetic nanoparticles is realized. Then, with the aminophosphonic acid compound as the loading medium, the
metal atom in the Lewis acid is coordinated with the N in the amino group and the O in the
phosphoric acid group of the aminophosphonic acid compound respectively, forming a stable polycyclic structure, and the purpose of stably loading the
transition metal Lewis acid and phosphonic acid on the surface of the
magnetic nanoparticles is achieved. It has broad application prospects in the field of synthesizing 1,5-
benzodiazepine compounds containing a spiro ring structure.