The application discloses application of a low-
dose anti-PD-1
antibody in a limited course of treatment in treatment of
hepatitis B. Anti-PD-1
antibody treatment is carried out on a
chronic hepatitis B patient receiving
nucleoside analogue or
nucleotide analogue treatment, 100 mg is injected intravenously each time, once every three weeks, and the course of treatment is ended after 12 weeks or 24 weeks. The application blocks the combination of the PD-1
receptor highly expressed on the surface of T cells of the CHB patient with a ligand by blocking the CHB patient
T cell surface high expression of the PD-1
receptor, thereby reversing the
T cell exhaustion state, enhancing the HBV specific
T cell immune response, and promoting
HBsAg clearance. The application uses a limited course of treatment and a low-
dose alpha PD-1 to enhance the HBV specific T
cell immune response of the patient and promote the clearance of
HBsAg while ensuring good safety. Compared with the traditional 48-week Peg-
IFN alpha or several years or even decades of NAs treatment of the CHB patient, the 12-week or 24-week course of alpha PD-1 is shorter and has a smaller economic burden on the patient.