A method for estimating the flow rate of rivers in cold regions during ice-covered periods by using the relationship between water level and flow during the free-flow period

Abstract

The invention provides a method for estimating flow during a freezeup period of a cold region river through a stage-discharge relation during a flowing period. The method comprises the following steps that during the flowing period of the river, a target section is selected, and the stage-discharge relation of the target section during the flowing period is built; during the freezeup period of the river, measure points are arranged on the target section, and the average effective water depth of water flow under an ice sheet of the section is measured and determined; the average relative water depth lambda of the point with the maximum water flow flowing speed under the ice sheet away from a bed surface is measured, and r<m> is calculated and obtained through lambda; the water depth ratio (please see the formula in the specification) of an ice sheet layer and a bed surface layer is calculated; and the convert coefficient of the flow during the freezeup period is calculated through the stage-discharge relation during the flowing period, K=(1+alpha<3 / 2> / r<m>) / (1+alpha)<5 / 3>, and the flow of the target section during the freezeup period of the river is obtained. According to the method, the advantage that hydrologic survey is convenient during the flowing period is fully utilized, through relatively simple measurement, the K value of the convert coefficient is determined, and the fitted stage-discharge relation during the flowing period is used for estimating the flow during the freezeup period of the cold region river; and compared with a traditional method, the workload of field observation is greatly reduced, and a large quantity of manpower and material resources can be saved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and specifically relates to a method for estimating the flow rate of a river in a cold region during the freezing period by using the relationship between the water level and the flow rate during the smooth flow period. Background technique [0002] Rivers in high latitudes often form ice sheets in winter, and timely and accurate estimation of the water delivery capacity of rivers under the ice sheet is very important for river management activities such as water quality evaluation, river engineering design, and ice flood warning in cold regions. During the flow period of the river, the flow rate is usually directly converted from the observed water level using the relationship between water level and flow. However, during the ice-covered period of the river, the appearance of the ice cover increases the flow resistance, so the relationship between water level and flow estab...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to determine the flow rate of rivers in cold regions during the freezing period through direct measurement, the purpose of this invention is to propose a method for estimating the flow rate of rivers in cold regions during the freezing period by using the relationship between water level and flow in the free flow period, which can be simple, fast and accurate Estimating the flow of rivers under the ice sheet from water levels

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