32 results about "Ice sheet" patented technology

A system and method for making small form ice units is provided. More specifically, a novel and advantageous system and method for converting a large form ice unit into smaller form ice units is provided. Even more specifically, a novel and advantageous system and method for forming an ice sheet and for dividing an ice sheet into a plurality of elongated segments, such as ice rods, and the elongated segments into a plurality of small form ice units, such as ice cubes is provided. The system may include a formation module for forming a large form ice structure and a converting station for converting the large form ice structure to small form ice units.

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental governance, and discloses an alpine region reservoir area water and sediment scheduling and water quality scenario prediction method comprising the following steps: river network segmentation and node classification; embedding ice kinetic parameters; transporting and correcting low-temperature silt; carrying out low-temperature adaptation on water quality parameters; performing dynamic boundary transfer and joint solution; and carrying out synchronous real-time iterative calculation. According to the method, ice kinetic parameters are embedded in a one-dimensional Saint-Venant equation, and the coupling relation between the thickness of the ice cover and the hydraulic element is dynamically solved by correcting the effective cross-section area in a continuous equation and the friction gradient in a momentum equation and adopting an iterative algorithm. Therefore, the water level fluctuation in the ice dam forming and outburst process is accurately described, and the problem that an existing model is insufficient in response to ice period hydraulic sudden change is solved.

The invention discloses an ice layer thickness measuring method and device and relates to the field of radar technology and electromagnetism. According to an existing ice thickness detection technology, additional instruments need to be arranged on an ice cover, the complexity and cost of equipment are increased, the requirement for the environment is high, and in order to solve the technical defects existing in the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention is that the ice layer thickness measurement method comprises the steps of collecting a preset algorithm and algorithm parameters; a step of preprocessing the collected high-frequency electromagnetic wave echo signal according to the preset algorithm; carrying out peak detection on the preprocessed high-frequency electromagnetic wave echo signal; a step of obtaining a horizon detection result of the preprocessed high-frequency electromagnetic wave echo signal according to a peak value detection result; and obtaining the thickness of the ice layer according to the result of the layer position detection. The method can be applied to ice layer thickness measurement and ice cover bearing capacity calculation.

The invention provides a prior information constraint-based Antarctic ice cover material balance inversion method and device, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining satellite height measurement data, and extracting an elevation parameter of an Antarctic ice cover region; preprocessing the gravity satellite data; performing inversion material balance of physical priori constraint, including dividing the Antarctic ice cover into Mascon units which are geographically aligned with the ice flow basin, constructing a regularization constraint matrix of space differentiation based on elevation variation variance of satellite altimetry data, dynamically optimizing regularization parameters in combination with generalized cross validation criterion, and solving mass change; and outputting the Antarctic ice cover material balance result. According to the method, regularization is carried out by using the uncertainty difference of the quantized area of the height measurement data, so that the inversion precision and the spatial resolution are remarkably improved, and GIA model errors and data noise interference are effectively inhibited.

The invention discloses an ice cover vertical loading test device and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of ice cover mechanical property testing. Comprising a loading cross beam used for loading an ice cover; the front bracket assembly is used for indirectly loading the loading cross beam; the rear bracket assembly is connected to one end of the loading cross beam; the loading assembly is connected with the other end of the loading cross beam and is arranged in the front bracket assembly; the hoisting and pulling assembly is connected with the same end of the loading cross beam connected with the loading assembly; the measuring system is connected with the loading cross beam; the water tank is arranged on the ground, and an ice cover with the required thickness is frozen on the water surface in the water tank; the ball head rod is positioned below the loading cross beam and is connected with a measuring system; and the loading cushion block is arranged on the surface of the ice cover and right below the ball head rod, and the concentrated load of the ball head rod is uniformly transmitted to the surface of the ice cover. According to the ice cover loading device, the ice cover can be continuously loaded in a gradually changing manner, and discontinuity and impact caused by heavy object loading are avoided.

The utility model discloses an assembly type building pile foundation for a polar region environment, which comprises four pile bodies, a pile platform is movably connected among the tops of the four pile bodies, the outer surface of each pile body is fixedly connected with a stable frame, the inner cavity of each pile body is fixedly connected with a heat conduction pipe, and the heat conduction pipe is fixedly connected with the bottom of each pile body. A protective blanking cap is movably connected between the middle end of the top of the pile body and the upper end of an inner cavity of the heat conduction pipe. Through the arrangement of the heating belt and the heat conduction pipe, ice and snow or an ice cover around the pile body can be heated and melted in the overall installation process, and the ice and snow or the ice cover can be frozen again in the subsequent process of freezing the melted ice and snow or the ice cover. The spiral stable frame and the ice and snow geological structure around the pile body can be distributed and combined again, so that the use stability of the pile body is greatly improved, and the pile platform and the pile body are conveniently locked and fixed by personnel through the arrangement of the mounting studs and the mounting nuts.

A computer implemented method of predicting ice coverage on a body of water includes generating a first ice cover prediction with a thermodynamics module and generating a second ice cover prediction with a machine learning module. The first ice cover prediction is combined with the second ice cover prediction to generate a combined ice cover prediction. Error statistics are computed based on a comparison of the combined ice cover prediction with an ice coverage observation and the combined ice cover prediction is updated based on the error statistics.

The invention provides an ice pool model ice in-situ test sample ice taking device. The ice pool model ice in-situ test sample ice taking device comprises a three-dimensional moving support, an ice cutting assembly and a control system. The three-dimensional moving support comprises X / Y / Z-direction moving platforms, and accurate movement of the ice cutting assembly can be achieved. The ice cutting assembly comprises a cutting device and an adsorption device, the cutting device is provided with a spiral cutting knife and efficiently cuts an ice layer, and the adsorption device comprises a vacuum suction cup and can evenly adsorb and fix the ice surface, prevent ice blocks from displacement and breakage and assist in ice taking after cutting is completed; the control system comprises a displacement module, a pressure feedback module and a safety protection module, accurate positioning and speed coordination can be achieved, the negative pressure value can be monitored and adjusted in real time, and safety is guaranteed. The device is compact and reasonable in structure and convenient to operate, the ice taking quality and success rate can be improved, the complexity and cost of the device are reduced, and the automation degree, working efficiency, working reliability and stability of the device are improved.

The invention discloses an ice cover flow water and sediment parameter monitoring device and method, the monitoring device comprises a monitoring assembly penetrating into the ice cover and a driving assembly driving a monitoring rod to rotate, and a plurality of sensors are arranged in a monitoring cavity. The device is fixed on the ice cover layer and can perform continuous monitoring, the monitored data is diversified, the data obtained through multi-point and multiple monitoring is more comprehensive, the shaking of the monitoring rod can be reduced, and the damage of the sensor can be avoided; the monitoring method comprises the following steps: selecting a fixed point monitoring point position, selecting a lake water flow inlet, a central point and an outlet in the field, and selecting a water inlet, a water outlet and a central position of a water tank in a laboratory; determining winter monitoring interval time and type; arranging an in-situ monitoring platform; and carrying out data acquisition and processing. The monitoring device comprises a monitoring assembly penetrating into the ice cover and a driving assembly, and various sensors are arranged in the monitoring cavity.

This utility model discloses a device for testing the vertical load-bearing capacity of ice sheets, relating to the field of ice sheet mechanical performance testing technology. The device includes: a front support assembly as the main support point; a loading beam suspended within the front support assembly by a sling assembly; a rear support assembly as an auxiliary support point; a counterweight assembly suspended at the other end of the loading beam; a wire displacement sensor placed between the bottom of one end of the cross brace and the top surface of the loading beam; a water tank located between the front and rear support assemblies and below the loading beam, with an ice sheet of a certain thickness frozen on the water surface within the tank; a pressure sensor placed at the bottom of the loading beam to measure the vertical pressure on the ice sheet in real time; a ball joint fixed to the bottom of the pressure sensor; and a pad placed on the surface of the ice sheet directly below the ball joint. This device has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and is easy to install and disassemble. It can be used both in laboratories and in outdoor fields.

The invention relates to an inversion method for the surface liquid water content of an Antarctic ice cover based on a genetic algorithm optimization radiation transfer model, and the method comprises the steps: S1, obtaining the radiation brightness temperature data of an L wave band, and constructing an Antarctic ice cover brightness temperature distribution diagram containing time information at different observation angles based on the radiation brightness temperature data; s2, acquiring brightness temperature observation brightness temperature based on the South Pole ice cover brightness temperature distribution diagram, preprocessing the observation brightness temperature, screening V polarization and H polarization brightness temperature data with incident angles of 22.5-62.5 degrees, and calculating a daily mean value; s3, constructing a multi-level radiation transmission model of the South Pole ice cover, and modeling the key parameters; s4, the brightness temperature of each layer of structure is calculated, a Kirchhoff coefficient is obtained, and the atmospheric bottom radiation transfer brightness temperature is calculated based on the Kirchhoff coefficient and the brightness temperature; and S5, constructing a fitness function, and solving the optimal accumulated snow density and liquid water content by using a genetic algorithm. Compared with the prior art, the method overcomes the limitation that the traditional empirical threshold method can only perform binary detection on the snow melting state, and realizes quantification of the liquid water content in the snow.

The invention relates to a method for testing an ice breaking total force and an ice load space distribution state in a floating ice breaking process, and belongs to the technical field of ice pool model tests. Comprising the following steps: a model is located below an ice cover; controlling the model to float at a preset speed, and simulating a floating icebreaking process; in the upward-floating icebreaking process, the total ice load borne by the model and the local ice load of each subsection model are measured synchronously, and the spatial distribution state of the ice loads is obtained; based on an inertia force interference elimination system, inertia force calibration and correction are carried out on ice load data obtained through measurement, and the corrected net ice load is obtained. When the ice load test is carried out, inertia force interference can be effectively eliminated in real time, and the accuracy of a test result is ensured.

This invention provides a method, system, and storage medium for calculating reservoir ice cover area based on visual analysis and a BIM model. The method includes: acquiring a two-dimensional image of the reservoir ice cover captured by a fixed camera; segmenting the two-dimensional image and extracting the pixel coordinate sequence of the ice edge line; back-projecting the pixel coordinate sequence of the ice edge line onto a horizontal plane determined by the current water level to obtain an initial three-dimensional world coordinate sequence of the ice edge line; acquiring a BIM model including the reservoir shoreline boundary, building boundaries, and topographic boundaries; performing spatial overlay analysis between the initial three-dimensional world coordinate sequence and the BIM model, and applying geometric constraints to correct the initial three-dimensional world coordinate sequence of the ice edge line to obtain a corrected ice edge line; and calculating the ice cover area based on the corrected ice edge line. This invention achieves non-contact, unattended real-time monitoring and improves the accuracy of ice cover area calculation through BIM geometric constraint correction.

The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems for unmanned underwater vehicles capable of operation in the Arctic region. An example unmanned underwater vehicle includes: a hull; one or more guide rails extending from the hull and attached to the hull by one or more legs; a vertically-deployed mast, wherein the vertically-deployed mast is configured to penetrate through an ice sheet; and a communications antenna, wherein the communications antenna is deployed with the vertically-deployed mast and enables communication above the ice sheet. The dorsally-located guide rails of an example define an extended position and a retracted position, wherein the guide rails disposed in the extended position are disposed further from the hull than the guide rails disposed in the retracted position. Embodiments described herein include systems employing air-deployable buoys, water-deployed buoys and small UUVs, and ice-penetrating buoys to support communications in the Arctic region.

This invention discloses a method, system, and apparatus for water body extraction based on conditional random fields and sub-pixel localization, relating to the field of remote sensing image processing technology. The method includes: preprocessing the data to be extracted to obtain low-resolution raw data, then inputting it into the generator network of a super-resolution generative adversarial network model to obtain corresponding high-resolution image data after super-resolution reconstruction; performing image binarization and connected component processing on the high-resolution image data to remove noise and obtain potential water body regions; expanding the boundaries of the potential water body regions according to a preset threshold to generate a lake buffer super-resolution image; and segmenting the lake buffer super-resolution image into several superpixel objects to obtain the final water body extraction result. The water body extraction method for the Larsmann Hills region in Antarctica obtained by this invention can provide a deeper understanding of the stability of the Antarctic ice sheet, hydrological cycle, ecosystem health, and the impact of global climate change.

The present application relates to a kind of ice water pool model test methods of underwater submersible ice navigation, the test device used includes underwater track, motion platform, closed loop drive chain, servo drive system and test system, wherein, the test system includes force sensor and laser displacement sensor, test method includes the following steps: arrangement installs ice water pool test device simulating underwater submersible ice navigation, control the diving depth of submersible model;Preparation model ice cover: in ice water pool by cooling refrigeration, spray crystal, temperature control section preparation meets the target thickness requirement of model ice cover. Respectively using cantilever beam method measures the bending strength of model ice cover, using infinite plate method measures the elastic modulus of model ice cover, ensure that the mechanical properties of model ice cover reach target requirement;Prepare a layer of snow layer on the surface of model ice cover;Calibrate laser displacement sensor and force sensor, adjust underwater submersible model to design posture and diving depth;Test test.

The invention discloses a method for resolving mass change of an ice cover with high spatial resolution based on a three-dimensional acceleration point mass method. The method comprises the following steps: determining a ground point and a spatial point; calculating perturbation acceleration of a certain point in space caused by mass change of all ground points; calculating ice cover mass change data solved by the satellite height measurement data; and by taking the calculated ice cover mass change data as a limiting condition, constructing indirect adjustment with the limiting condition according to the calculated perturbation acceleration, and calculating a mass change vector of the ground point to be solved. According to the invention, the three-dimensional information observed by the satellite is fully fused with the satellite height measurement data, so that the mass change of the ice cover is calculated, and the spatial resolution of the ice cover is improved. According to the method, more accurate scientific data and theoretical support are provided for more precise estimation of ice cover mass change and analysis of global climate change.

The application relates to a calculation method of thermal thickening and ablation of an ice cover under snow cover, which comprises the following steps: establishing a basic heat conduction equation of a snow cover and an ice cover; calculating the time-space change of water temperature under the ice cover; establishing a mathematical model of heat exchange between the snow cover and the atmosphere; vertically distributing the snow surface temperature, net heat flux and ice cover temperature; and numerically simulating the ice thickness at 0 DEG C. s <0℃ when the ice thickness; thermal ablation of the snow cover and the ice cover. The application firstly establishes the basic heat conduction equation of the snow cover and the ice cover, then calculates the heat exchange between the snow cover and the atmosphere, and vertically distributes the snow surface temperature and the ice cover temperature, and finally carries out critical condition and numerical simulation of the thermal thickening and ablation of the ice cover, so that the calculation precision of the thermal thickening and ablation of the ice cover under the snow cover is improved, and a scientific calculation basis is provided for ice flood prevention of rivers.

The application provides an ice cover thickness detection method and system based on borehole noise imaging, and relates to the technical field of ice cover geological detection. The method comprises the following steps: arranging a two-dimensional linear survey line composed of multiple geophones around a borehole in an ice cover, collecting continuous noise data composed of mechanical noise generated by borehole operation and auxiliary equipment and environmental background noise; pre-processing the continuous noise data, which comprises the following steps: sequentially performing the following processing on the record of each geophone: removing mean value, removing linear trend, removing strong amplitude events in the time domain, and removing strong amplitude components in the frequency domain, so as to eliminate instrument drift and local strong noise interference, and obtaining pre-processed noise data; selecting one geophone in the two-dimensional linear survey line as a virtual source position, performing mutual coherence calculation on the noise data, and recovering a pseudo-shot gather reflection response corresponding to the virtual source. The application realizes high-resolution imaging of the ice-rock interface.

The invention provides a low-temperature ice pool test device and method for the upward floating icebreaking process of an underwater structure, and relates to the technical field of ice pool tests, the test method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a model ice cover similar to natural sea ice in physical and mechanical properties; 2, installing a test system, and installing the special-shaped structure model on the test system; 3, controlling the vertical lifting unit to drive the special-shaped structure model to float upwards so as to impact the model ice cover; 4, in the floating process of the special-shaped structure model, monitoring and dynamically adjusting the horizontal posture of the special-shaped structure model in real time through the self-compensation structure; and 5, synchronously acquiring mechanical response data of the special-shaped structure model in the icebreaking process and visual image data of ice cover damage. According to the invention, the floating icebreaking process of the special-shaped structure can be truly and accurately simulated, the structure attitude is kept stable in the process, and high-precision mechanical and visual data are synchronously acquired.

In order to solve the technical defects in the prior art, the invention provides an ice detection radar device and method based on peak detection, the complexity and cost of the device are increased due to the fact that an additional instrument needs to be arranged on an ice cover in the existing ice thickness detection technology, and the requirement for the environment is high, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the ice detection radar device based on peak detection is used for solving the technical defects in the prior art. Comprising an ice measurement signal acquisition unit, and the acquisition unit comprises an FPGA chip which comprises a time sequence control module and a data processing module; the time sequence control module is connected with the sampling circuit, and the sampling circuit is used for being connected with an external signal receiving module; the time sequence control module is connected with the delay transmitting module, and the delay transmitting module is used for being connected with an external signal transmitting module; and the data processing module is connected with the time sequence control module and is used for calculating the ice thickness according to an external signal. The method can be applied to ice layer thickness measurement and ice cover bearing capacity calculation.

The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems for unmanned underwater vehicles capable of operation in the Arctic region. An example unmanned underwater vehicle includes: a hull; one or more guide rails extending from the hull and attached to the hull by one or more legs; a vertically-deployed mast, wherein the vertically-deployed mast is configured to penetrate through an ice sheet; and a communications antenna, wherein the communications antenna is deployed with the vertically-deployed mast and enables communication above the ice sheet. The dorsally-located guide rails of an example define an extended position and a retracted position, wherein the guide rails disposed in the extended position are disposed further from the hull than the guide rails disposed in the retracted position. Embodiments described herein include systems employing air-deployable buoys, water-deployed buoys and small UUVs, and ice-penetrating buoys to support communications in the Arctic region.

The invention discloses a tunnel geothermal water cascade temperature control processing system and method, is applied to a tunnel, and relates to the technical field of tunnel temperature control. The tunnel geothermal water step temperature control processing system comprises an ice maker and a slice ice conveyor, the ice maker is used for making ice and putting slice ice into the slice ice conveyor, an outlet of the ice maker is connected with an inlet of the slice ice conveyor, and a movable temperature control water collection water pumping station is arranged on the tunnel face of a tunnel. The temperature-control water-collection pumping station is used for pumping geothermal water in the tunnel and discharging the geothermal water out of the tunnel; an outlet of the flake ice conveyor is connected to the temperature-control water-collection pumping station; a secondary cooling system is arranged at the opening of the tunnel, and the temperature control water collection water pump station is communicated with the secondary cooling system through a heat preservation water drainage pipe. The tunnel geothermal water stepped temperature control processing method is executed by adopting the tunnel geothermal water stepped temperature control processing system.

The invention provides an Antarctic ice cover quality abnormal event identification method and system, and belongs to the technical field of polar region environment monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the GRACE / FO gravity data of each month in a set time period; obtaining ice cover surface material balance data, and dividing an accumulation period and an ablation period of the South Pole ice cover AIS; error evaluation is carried out based on GRACE / FO gravity data, a significance threshold value is set, and months with significant quality change are obtained through screening; and based on the division result of the accumulation period and the ablation period, obtaining the antarctic ice cover quality abnormity event from the months with significant quality change. Based on a daily GRACE / FO gravitational field solution, instant ice cover quality abnormity caused by an extreme climate event can be monitored, and effective tracking of a short-term AIS quality change event is realized.

A system and method for making small form ice units is provided. More specifically, a novel and advantageous system and method for converting a large form ice unit into smaller form ice units is provided. Even more specifically, a novel and advantageous system and method for forming an ice sheet and for dividing an ice sheet into a plurality of elongated segments, such as ice rods, and the elongated segments into a plurality of small form ice units, such as ice cubes is provided. The system may include a formation module for forming a large form ice structure and a converting station for converting the large form ice structure to small form ice units.

The invention relates to a method and device for reconstructing the historical change of the overall quality of an ice cover, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining multi-source data containing GRACE / GRACE-FO time-varying gravity field data, climate model data, ice cover ice discharge data and elevation data; inverting ice cover mass change through GRACE / GRACE-FO time-varying gravity field data, and establishing a monthly time sequence with the data; based on the geographical boundary of the ice cover, carrying out space cutting and resampling on the multi-source data, and determining input data; processing the data in combination with least square regression, variational mode decomposition and a long-short term memory neural network model to output a multi-mode prediction result; and in combination with a multi-modal prediction result, performing modal reconstruction to obtain ice cover quality change in a data vacancy period during GRACE / GRACE-FO-free observation or observation period. Therefore, the problems that due to the fact that a simple fusion method is mostly adopted in related technologies, signal details are lost, region dependence is high, model generalization is poor, monitoring precision and reliability are affected, and the requirement for historical change reconstruction of the ice cover quality is difficult to meet are solved.

The application discloses a method for adapting to multi-source collaborative geological survey and mineral resource potential evaluation in the Antarctic ice-covered area, and belongs to the technical field of polar geological exploration. In view of the technical problem of low imaging accuracy under the Antarctic ice, the application constructs a four-layer collaborative detection system of space-based, aviation, ground and under-ice; establishes a complete link of seismic full-wave field imaging, adopts reverse time migration (RTM) to realize high-resolution imaging of less than 5 m; establishes a complete reverse time migration imaging processing link, constructs a four-dimensional ice cover interference correction model, adopts a D-S evidence theory multi-source data fusion algorithm, and constructs a four-dimensional interference correction model of ice layer thickness, ice flow velocity, temperature gradient and moraine content; the D-S evidence theory multi-source fusion algorithm is adopted, a quantitative discrimination standard is established based on Vp / Vs, Poisson's ratio and anisotropy, and the target area prediction accuracy is greater than or equal to 85%. All parameters and formulas of the application are fully disclosed, and can be widely applied to the geological survey and mineral evaluation under the Antarctic ice.

The field of the invention is surface albedo modification which applies to modifying the surface of areas of the earth to increase albedo. The invention relates to a means of preserving and restoring glaciers that are shrinking or receding due to climate change. Global warming has led to widespread shrinking of the cryosphere, with mass loss from ice sheets and glaciers. The shrinking of the cryosphere is accelerated by the ice-albedo feedback loop. The invention is a method of modifying the surface of a glacier by covering portions of it with highly reflective granules to increase albedo and reduce the melting of the glacier due to solar radiation. The invention may be used to preserve or restore glaciers and ice sheets that are melting due to climate change.

The application provides an ice layer hot water drill bit capable of removing rock debris in a hole while drilling, and belongs to the technical field of polar ice cap drilling. The drill bit comprises an outer pipe, a baffle, a valve core, a spring, a drill bit body, a blocking wire, a first sealing ring, a valve sleeve, a second sealing ring, a nozzle and a third sealing ring. The drill bit can form a branch hole at the bottom of the hole by changing the flow channel, so that the rock debris falls into the branch hole to achieve the purpose of removing the rock debris in the main hole, thereby greatly improving the drilling efficiency of the hot water drill when drilling through the ice layer containing rock debris. The drill bit utilizes the hydraulic principle, and the valve core is continuously kept at the upper limit position under the hot water pressure by arranging an annular cavity, so that the structure is simple and reliable.

The invention discloses a space target ground shadow time calculation method based on an SGP4 model, relates to the technical field of space target ground shadow time calculation, and thoroughly solves the problem of wrong shutdown caused by strong reflection of an ice surface by fusing a high-resolution ice cover database and a seasonal modulation function and embedding a ground surface reflection physical quantity into a ground shadow criterion. The integrity of polar region monitoring data is ensured; a refraction compensation look-up table is constructed based on an atmospheric thermodynamic model, experience correction is replaced with physical driving, and the sensor damage risk caused by the pseudo dawn effect is remarkably inhibited; a dynamic threshold value and probabilistic output are innovatively adopted, the oscillation problem of binary judgment of a penumbra area is eliminated, and smooth transition and redundancy protection of a satellite energy system are achieved in combination with a hierarchical control strategy.