42 results about "River ice" patented technology

The invention discloses a drill tool and a method for measuring the thicknesses of sea ice and river ice while drilling. The drill tool comprises a display, a detection control unit, a direct-current motor, a screw drill pipe, a drill bit and a storage battery. A PLC (programmable logic control) module is integrated inside the detection control unit and can collect data measured by a torque sensor and a laser distance measuring instrument, and the drilling torque of the drill pipe and the thickness of an ice layer can be displayed via the display on the upper side of the detection control unit. The drill tool and the method have the advantages that drilling machines and tools can be effectively combined with measurement-while-drilling and automatic detection control measures, the data of the thickness of the sea ice can be acquired in a drilling procedure and can be displayed via the display, accordingly, the sea ice and river ice thickness measuring efficiency is greatly improved, and the labor intensity is reduced; the data are acquired and processed by the PLC module, and sudden change values can be adjusted according to different properties of ice of different regions, so that the detection method is excellent in practicality and applicability when applied to large regions.

The invention relates to a dual-system ice layer thickness measuring device and belongs to the technical field of automatic detection. The measuring device has high precision and high durability, is mainly applied to the technical fields of water conservancy, hydrology and the like and is used for the automatic detection on the icing ice layer thickness of river ice, lake ice and sea ice. The dual-system ice layer thickness measuring device is characterized in that the measuring device belongs to the dual-system ice layer thickness measuring device for high-precision forecasting of water conservancy and hydrology ice conditions, and the whole set of measuring device consists of two parts including a transmission system and a measuring system. The dual systems are characterized in that the transmission system consists of two sets of identical lead screw transmission systems which are respectively a front transmission system and a back transmission system, the measuring precision of the measuring device is higher and can reach +/-2mm, and the measuring device belongs to an automatic monitoring device. The measuring device has the advantages that the measuring method is intuitional and is similar to the most common clamping measuring method (such as a caliper rule and a micrometer) in the mechanical industry, and the high-precision measurement of the ice layer thickness is realized. The dual-system ice layer thickness measuring device is suitable for the automatic measurement of the ice layer thickness of nearshore sea ice and riverway river ice or lake ice around a hydrological station.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean and inland river ice breaking, and particularly relates to a bubble ice breaking method. A bubble generating device is used for pulsation bubbles at the position, vertically away from an ice layer by D, below the ice layer, D is larger than 0 and smaller than 2R, R is the maximum radius capable of being reached by the bubbles generated by the bubble generating device under the situations that the water depth is the same, and the ice layer does not exist, the near ice layer is damaged through the movement of underwater movable bubbles, and ice breaking is conducted; one or more bubbles are generated in water, the bubbles are expanded and then contracted, and ice layer damage is caused through at least one of the following four forms. According to the bubble ice breaking method, designing and manufacturing of an ice breaker are not needed, throwing of bombs, explosives and the like is not needed, and cost is saved; a mechanical structure does not directly collide with the ice, and damage of a ship body or a machine is avoided; and substances such as the explosives do not need to be used, explosion pollutants are avoided, and the bubble ice breaking method is more environment-friendly and safer.

The invention discloses a device for testing the ice water erosion resistant performance of concrete. The device comprises a base plate, a water pump and a low temperature thermostatic water bath arearranged on the base plate; a thermal insulation tank, an outer tank, and an inner tank are arranged on the base plate and form a cooling liquid circulation interlayer and an annular erosion water cavity in sequence. The inner tank is provided with a water flowing gap. A first ice filtering screen is covered on the water flowing gap. Two sides of the water flowing gap are slidingly connected to water level adjusting plates. The interior of the annular erosion water cavity is provided with a water inlet. The bottom of the inner tank is provided with a water outlet. The water outlet is connectedto the water pump. The water pump is connected to the water inlet. A test block fixing support is fixed on the bottom of the annular erosion water cavity. A thermal insulation cover is arranged on the top of a test tank. Two temperature probes measure the temperature of air in the annular erosion water cavity and the temperature of air above the water surface. A temperature display is connected to the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe. The provided device and method can simulate the river ice flood environment in a cold area more realistically and accurately test the ice water erosion resistant performance of concrete.

The invention discloses an optical ice thickness observation barrel, and belongs to the technical field of automatic monitoring. The optical ice thickness observation barrel is used for automatically monitoring the ice layer thickness of river ice, lake ice and sea ice. The optical ice thickness observation barrel comprises an observation barrel body and balance float bowls connected with the observation barrel body. The observation barrel body is overall of a hollow cylindrical structure and is divided into an upper space and a lower space. A dividing ruler is arranged on the edge wall of one side of the upper space, a minitype remote control camera is arranged on the edge wall of the inner side, opposite to the dividing ruler, of the upper space, the remote control camera is used for shooting images, the images are transmitted in a wireless mode, the formation, disappearing and development of an ice layer can be automatically monitored in real time, convenience and rapidness are achieved, the labor intensity is lowered, and the monitoring efficiency is improved. According to the optical ice thickness observation barrel, the structure is simple, the steps of the measuring method are simple, the dividing ruler is used for reading directly, measuring errors are small, and measured data are reliable. The optical ice thickness observation barrel is not limited by a measured water area and cannot be influenced by the ambient environment temperature change, and thus good practicability and applicability are achieved.

The invention relates to a method for calculating ice cover roughness of a canal. The method comprises the following steps: setting a measurement section; performing measurement; partitioning; calculating the comprehensive roughness of the riverway; and calculating the ice cover roughness of the riverway. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, accurately measuring each parameter of a frozen canal by adopting technologies such as river ice water mechanics and hydrological survey; the comprehensive roughness of the canal is calculated through the parameters, the ice cover roughness is deduced through the comprehensive roughness, correct calculation and evaluation of the ice cover roughness of the canal are achieved, and bases and references are provided for safe operation scheduling of the canal under the freezing condition in winter, correct evaluation of the water delivery flow, scientific response to accidents such as ice disasters and the like.

A Yellow River ice run ice floating speed measuring method includes the following steps: (1) segmenting and extracting an image of a river channel region to server as a target interest region; (2) calibrating an interest region in a field; (3) adopting an L-K optical flow method to serve as a basic algorithm for moving target detection and adding a pyramid model on the basis of the L-K optical flow method; (4) utilizing a strong angular point set as an ice tracking characteristic according to the Yellow River ice characteristic to conduct simultaneously tracking of multiple moving targets; (5) measuring the actual moving displacement of a plurality of ice targets in the field range and calculating the multi-target average speed; (6) building a software operation platform facing clients. The method has the advantages of being good in robustness, the accuracy of measurement results is greatly improved compared with the existing method, no special measuring device is required, the investment is less, the operation is simple, operators do not need to have special background, and the method can be widely applied to ice run daily hydrologic monitoring of a hydrologic station.

The invention discloses a method for calculating scattering characteristic of a river ice infrared waveband, and belongs to the field of target and environmental infrared radiation scattering characteristic research. The problems that a scattering model has low calculation accuracy and low practicability in engineering because the fact that the river ice has the characteristics of strong directional scattering and strong scattering radiation brightness is not considered are solved. The method comprises the following steps: dividing BRDF on the surface of river ice into two parts, namely diffusion reflection BRDFdiff and specular reflection BRDFspec, and calculating the diffusion reflection BRDFdiff and the specular reflection BRDFspec separately to obtain the BRDF on the surface of the river ice; according to the BRDF on the surface of the river ice, the wavelength of incident solar radiation, the incident direction and the observation direction, calculating the radiation brightness after the river ice is scattered; and according to the radiation brightness, calculating the scattering radiation brightness after the scattering radiation brightness of the river ice is absorbed by atmosphere through the observation direction. The method is used for calculating the scattering radiation brightness of the river ice under solar radiation exposure during earth observation.

The invention relates to a river ice movement and beach erosion calculation method considering a water, ice and sand coupling effect. The method comprises the steps that basic conditions are input, atwo-dimensional water and sediment numerical module is operated, and water and sediment elements and river ice elements are calculated; and the data is transmitted to a beach erosion module, the beachchange under the water-ice-sand coupling effect is calculated, the river ice element and the beach change are fed back to the two-dimensional water-sand numerical module, the water-sand element is updated, and the steps are repeated to sequentially calculate the water-sand elements, the river ice elements and the beach changes at different coupling time until the end time. The method can accurately simulate the non-constant water flow change, the river ice power process, the non-uniform sediment movement, the riverbed erosion and deposition change and the beach erosion process, and is suitable for beach erosion research under the influence of river ice of northern rivers in China; water, river ice, silt, beaches and other factors in natural rivers are considered, the method is closer to engineering practice problems, the calculation result is closer to the truth and reliable, the model functions are rich, and the calculation precision is high.

The invention relates to a high-precision format simulation method for one-dimensional ice-water coupling motion, and belongs to the field of river ice disaster forecasting. The method comprises the steps of boundary condition acquisition, equation control, ice-water coupling motion unified discretization, surface flux calculation, shallow water wave velocity calculation under the ice-water coupling condition and a high-precision format. According to the method, ice and hydrodynamic equations are uniformly dispersed into a high-precision Godunov format; an HLL approximate Rieman solution is adopted to calculate interface flux, equivalent water depth is adopted to replace section average water depth, piecewise linear reconstruction is carried out on basic variables of each unit in space, and a prediction-correction method is adopted in time, so that the precision of a numerical solution is integrally improved to a second order. The high-precision format simulation method for ice-water coupling movement has high prediction precision for the water level and ice thickness of the riverway in the flow ice period, particularly an equivalent water depth method is adopted to replace an average water depth method to calculate the wave velocity of shallow water waves, the water level prediction precision can be obviously improved, and research results are of great significance for prevention and control of ice disasters of the riverway.

The invention discloses a method for making an ice sample applied to the field of river ice or sea ice mechanical parameter testing. Needed devices comprise a stainless steel pipe, an ultralow-temperature refrigerator or an ice maker, an electric saw, a plastic straight ruler, a wood planing blade, a pair of heat-insulating gloves, Vaseline, a plastic bucket and water. The method is simple in operating procedure, short in making period and low in making cost. Moreover, the integrity of the ice sample and the accuracy of a final experiment result can be well protected, the preparation of the ice sample is not limited by seasons or regions, and a good cylindrical ice sample is provided for rice ice or sea ice mechanical parameter testing.

The invention relates to a river ice numerical simulation method considering riverbed ice anchoring. The method comprises the steps of collecting water ice data, calculating a one-dimensional shallowwater equation set, water body net heat absorption amount, water temperature, ice concentration in water, surface density of floating ice, ice flower layer thickness, ice cover thickness and ice anchoring thickness, updating a comprehensive roughness coefficient of a river channel, and simulating a river ice process and water level flow change. The method can accurately calculate the growth ablation process of the floating ice, the ice in the water, the ice cover and the anchor ice, can simulate the generation, development, propagation and dissipation process of the anchor ice flood wave, andis high in calculation precision; meanwhile, the method can evaluate the influence of the river ice process on the water level and flow change, the model application range is wide, and the method is suitable for large-range and long-duration ice flood simulation.

The invention relates to a method for measuring yellow river ice uniaxial compression strength. The method comprises the following specific steps: 1) processing a uniaxial compression sample into a standard sample; 2) mounting a low-temperature constant-temperature test box, accessing a Pt type temperature sensor inside, and strictly controlling the temperature inside the test box through a temperature control meter; 3) starting a low-temperature constant-temperature circulating bath, and cooling the low-temperature constant-temperature test box to a set temperature; 4) placing the standard sample to perform constant-temperature process for 12 hours or above; 5) measuring the mass and the dimension of the standard sample; 6) placing the standard sample on the centre of a lower pressing head of the low-temperature constant-temperature test box; 7) starting an EDC digital controller, a computer and acquisition program; 8) setting test parameters, and loading and acquiring data; and 9) stopping loading once the sample is damaged. With the adoption of the technical scheme, ice body uniaxial compression strength feature at different temperatures under fine scale is researched, so that ascientific basis is provided for deeply analysis of cracking mechanism of a river ice cover body and ice prediction and forecast.

The invention relates to a flow element measuring method for flow in a river freezing period. The method comprises the steps: obtaining section water depth distribution; calculating the area of each strip-shaped unit; calculating an accumulated hydraulic radius; calculating a numerical difference value; calculating the value of the relative unit width flow at each measuring point; calculating theunit width flow of each measuring point; drilling and measuring; and calculating total flow. According to the calculation method, an under-ice drilling flow measurement method is greatly optimized, and the number of drilled holes in an ice cover is reduced. Compared with a traditional multi-hole multi-point flow velocity measurement method, only the flow velocities of two points need to be measured, the measurement workload is effectively reduced, the measurement cost in low-temperature severe weather is reduced, the flow measurement time is shortened, the risk of personal accidents of technicians is reduced, and the flow measurement efficiency under ice of northern rivers is greatly improved. Reduction of the number of the drilled holes in the ice cover is beneficial to maintaining flow velocity distribution and flow state under natural river ice, external interference introduced by measurement is reduced and then observation precision is improved.

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating yellow river ice flood, which is characterized in that: a artificial stream is channeled on upstream of the yellow river ice flood segment, wherein the artificial stream lies at downstream of JI-segment of yellow river, and communicates east and west of the yellow river; the selection of an initial point at west of the artificial stream and an end point at east is based on topography, and the topography that west and north are high and east and south is low is propitious to water flowing direction; the area that the artificial stream flows across has temperature differential to the ice flood segment, the temperature in area that the artificial stream flows across is higher than that at the ice flood segment, and mouth part of the artificial stream has a dam capable of controlling water level of the ice flood segment. The method of the invention radically resolves a hidden trouble of yellow river ice flood, saves national expenditure, avoids economic loss of the nation and people, the artificial stream has irrigation function in dry season and flood diversion function in flood season, is convenient to transport, and can protects original ecology of ice flood segment of the yellow river by adjusting water level of the ice flood segment by utilizing the water gate.

The embodiment of the invention provides a river ice coverage remote sensing monitoring method, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the river water and river ice discrimination of a cloudless part of a river surface, and then carrying out the river water and river ice discrimination of a cloudy part of the river surface; obtaining a river water area of the river surface to be observed, a river ice area of the river surface to be observed and a cloud coverage area of the river surface to be observed in each river surface optical image; gridding the river water area of the river surface to be observed, the river ice area of the river surface to be observed and the cloud coverage area of the river surface to be observed in each river surface optical image to obtain a river ice coverage proportion time sequence of each river surface grid; determining river ice phenological information of each river surface grid according to the riverice coverage proportion time sequence of each river surface grid; introducing the river ice phenological information of each river surface grid into a preset fitting curve, and screening the river icephenological information in the preset fitting curve through a preset threshold to obtain final river ice phenological information of each river surface grid, thereby effectively improving detectionprecision.

The invention discloses a Yellow River ice dam image feature recognition method, which comprises the steps of S1, acquiring a Yellow River ice dam sample image, and preprocessing the acquired Yellow River ice dam sample image; S2, creating a mode classifier based on the minimum distance of the decision theory and used for Yellow River ice dam image feature recognition, calculating a mode vector sample based on the preprocessed Yellow River ice dam sample image in the step S1, and training the constructed mode classifier through the mode vector sample; and S3, based on the trained mode classifier, carrying out mode initial identification on the to-be-detected Yellow River ice dam image, and carrying out false identification mode elimination on a mode initial identification result to obtaina feature identification result of the to-be-detected Yellow River ice dam image. Robustness, stability and real-time performance of Yellow River ice dam image mode recognition are effectively ensured, and the adaptability is high.

The invention relates to a representative characterization method for mechanical properties of river ice, and the method specifically comprises the steps: S1, determining a microstructure and a mesoscopic mechanism of a river ice representative body, obtaining the river ice representative body based on a mesoscopic calculation mechanical method, and constructing a river ice mesoscopic calculation model; S2, determining the strength performance of the river ice under different working conditions based on the river ice strength under the river ice mesoscopic calculation model, and analyzing the size of a river ice representative body to obtain a final result; and S3, carrying out statistical analysis on the strength change of the final result under different working conditions, and determining the minimum mesoscopic river ice body element capable of reflecting the overall sample strength. According to the method, a mesoscopic calculation mechanical method is adopted, the river ice strength is simulated on the basis of a constructed river ice mesoscopic calculation model, simulation calculation is conducted on the river ice strength under the uniaxial loading condition, and therefore the size of a river ice calculation strength representative body is determined.

The invention discloses a device for detecting the thickness of a river ice layer. The device comprises a cuboid hollow container, a filter screen, a funnel, a shoreside fixing device, a multi-channelultrasonic apparatus and a monitoring center, wherein the cuboid hollow container is provided with the filter screen; the filter screen is provided with the funnel; the cuboid hollow container is connected with the shoreside fixing device; the shoreside fixing device is connected with the multi-channel ultrasonic apparatus; and the multi-channel ultrasonic apparatus is connected with the monitoring center. By use of the above technical scheme, the device for detecting the thickness of the river ice layer is manufactured. The device has the following advantages that: 1: the device can carry out real-time automatic monitoring and does not need manual field monitoring, so that work intensity is greatly lowered, and the device is safer and more reliable than visual inspection and apparatus inspection; 2: data can be stored in real time, and the thickness and the distribution situation of the ice layer can be dynamically displayed through calculation and image software; 3: ice layer monitoring data is accurate, accuracy is high, a monitoring range is wide, and the device can be suitable for various environments; and 4: repairing and maintenance cost is low, a probe is replaced in every3-5 years, a probe technology is mature, and cost is low.