An ecological system for comprehensive treatment of rural rainwater and sewage in hilly areas

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ecosystem for comprehensively treating rainwater and domestic sewage in rural areas in hilly areas, which is composed of an improved three-compartment septic tank, an ecological pond, a water collection well, a flow abandonment device, an infiltration well, a first valve and a second valve. The ecological treatment method is used to comprehensively treat rainwater and domestic sewage in rural areas in hilly areas. The domestic sewage treatment system of the present invention includes an "improved three-compartment septic tank + ecological pond", and the ecological pond is composed of a waterfall-type ecological water distribution channel and a main body. The rainwater runoff treatment system includes a "water collection well + flow abandonment device + infiltration well", and the rainwater runoff is filtered, infiltrated and stored through the infiltration well to replenish groundwater. The overflow part is used to divert water to activate the ecological pond, or used together with the water discharged from the ecological pond for agricultural irrigation and direct discharge to rivers. The ecosystem structure of the present invention is novel, and rainwater and sewage are collected by unpowered gravity, realizing comprehensive treatment of rural rainwater and sewage and water resource utilization, and has the characteristics of unpowered output, low construction cost, convenient operation and maintenance, and outstanding economic and environmental benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an ecological system for comprehensively treating rural rainwater and sewage in hilly areas, and specifically belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment. Background Art

[0002] The living habits of rural residents are quite different from those of urban residents, and they live in more scattered areas. Domestic sewage has problems such as large temporal and spatial variations in water volume, large fluctuations in water quality, difficulty in sewage collection, and low treatment rate. The treatment of rural domestic sewage in hilly and mountainous areas is even more difficult in rural domestic sewage treatment. Most rural areas in hilly areas are built by the mountains and rivers, and the villages are scattered. The micro-power process composed of wind energy, solar energy, and land infiltration has certain limitations in its application in hilly areas.

[0003] Rainwater is a high-quality water resource, but discharging it at will or discharging it together with domestic sewage in rural ditches can easily cause non-point source pollution, affecting the water quality of rivers and lakes. In addition, rainwater runoff that is difficult to disperse in time during heavy rainfall events can easily lead to waterlogging in villages. At present, the treatment of rural domestic sewage is being carried out closely, but the treatment of rainwater runoff is not given much attention. When the problem of rural domestic sewage treatment is solved, how to make full use of rainwater resources, reduce non-point source pollution, reduce rain and flood disasters, and replenish water sources will be the trend of future research.

[0004] Rural areas lack a complete rainwater and sewage separation and collection system. If the urban sewage treatment model is followed, a huge rainwater and sewage pipe network needs to be laid, which requires high investment, high operation and management and maintenance of sewage treatment facilities, and is difficult to operate stably in the long term, and cannot meet the current needs of rural domestic sewage treatment. Therefore, how to make full use of the rural characteristics and terrain differences in hilly areas, reasonably optimize the ecological treatment process of domestic sewage and rainwater, achieve zero energy consumption, reduce facility construction and operation and maintenance costs, reduce rainwater runoff pollution, ensure that rural domestic sewage is stably discharged in compliance with standards, and promote water resource utilization and rural economic and environmental benefits are the problems that the present invention can solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an ecosystem for comprehensive treatment of rainwater and sewage in rural areas in hilly areas. It combines the characteristics of rural areas in hilly areas, makes full use of the advantages of terrain differences, collects rainwater and sewage by unpowered gravity, gives priority to local economic crops, and adopts an ecological treatment system to comprehensively treat rural domestic sewage and rainwater runoff. After treatment, the effluent water quality of rural domestic sewage can stably reach the Class B water quality standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002), and the Class I standard of the local standard is mainly used for the "Water Pollutant Discharge Standard for Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment Facilities". The method of the present invention has the characteristics of unpowered output, low construction cost, convenient operation and maintenance, and outstanding economic and environmental benefits.

[0006] The present invention discloses an ecological system for comprehensively treating rainwater and domestic sewage in rural areas of hilly regions, which is composed of an improved three-compartment septic tank, an ecological pond, a water collection well, a flow abandonment device, an infiltration well, a first valve and a second valve, and adopts an ecological treatment method to comprehensively treat rainwater and domestic sewage in rural areas of hilly regions;

[0007] The improved three-compartment septic tank comprises a first tank (1), a second tank (2), a third tank (3), a wall (4), a manure inlet pipe (5), an exhaust port (6), a manure pipe (7), a partition (8), a hexagonal honeycomb inclined pipe (9), a manure outlet pipe (10), a slag removal port (11) and a septic tank cover (12); the improved three-compartment septic tank is built based on concrete and sintered bricks; the volume ratio of the first tank (1), the second tank (2) and the third tank (3) is 2:1:3, and the tanks are connected by a manure pipe (7); the manure inlet pipe (5) and the exhaust port (6) are connected by a manure pipe (7); The pipe (5) is arranged in the wall (4) on one side of the first pool (1), and the exhaust port (6) is located at the top of the first pool (1) near the manure inlet pipe (5); the bottom cross-section of the third pool (3) is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, and the angle of the trapezoidal bevel β is 135 to 150 degrees. The middle of the third pool (3) is separated by a partition (8), and a hexagonal honeycomb inclined pipe (9) made of ethylene propylene copolymer material is arranged between the wall (4) on one side of the manure outlet pipe (10) and the partition (8), and the angle of inclination α is 60 degrees. The length of each honeycomb inclined pipe is 0.5 to 1 meter;

[0008] The ecological pond is composed of an inlet pipe (13), a water distribution pipe (14), a waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15), a waterfall dam (16), an ecological pond body (17), an outlet pipe (18), a soil layer (19) and a composite anti-seepage membrane (20); after the bottom of the ecological pond is leveled and the original soil layer is compacted, a composite anti-seepage membrane (20) with a thickness of 2.5 to 5 mm and a soil layer (19) with a thickness of 25 to 35 cm are laid upward in sequence; the main body of the ecological pond is 1 to 2 m deep, the superheight is greater than 0.5 m, the slope is not greater than 1:3, and wetland herbaceous plants are planted in the pond; the inlet pipe (13) is connected to the water distribution pipe (14), and the outlet pipe (18) is arranged at the end edge of the rear half (17-3) of the ecological pond; the waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15) is 0.5 to 1 m deep, 0.8 to 2 m wide, and the slope is not greater than 1:3; the waterfall dam (16) is 0.3 to 0.5 m wide, and the water distribution channel (15) is 0.5 to 1 m deep and ... water distribution channel (15) is 0.5 to 1 m deep and 0.8 to 2 m wide, and the slope is not greater than 1:3; the water distribution channel (16) is 0.3 to 0.5 m wide, and the water distribution channel (15) is 0.5 to 1 m deep and 0.8 to 2 m wide, and the slope is not m, paved with pebbles of 5 to 30 cm in diameter;

[0009] The waste flow device comprises a first rainwater pipe (23), a concrete cushion layer (25), a concrete wall (26), a reinforced concrete cover plate (27), a tee (28), a second rainwater pipe (29), a waste flow pipe (30), a permeable concrete layer (31), a floating ball (32) and a stainless steel filter (33); the first rainwater pipe (23) is connected to the waste flow device and a water collection well, the second rainwater pipe (29) is connected to the waste flow device and an infiltration well, and the first rainwater pipe (23) and the second rainwater pipe (29) are connected via a tee (28); the waste flow device is 0.5 to 1.5 m deep and 0.5 to 1 m in diameter. m, the bottom of its water storage space is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, a permeable concrete layer (31) is laid on the top of the inverted trapezoidal shape, a waste flow pipe (30) arranged at the bottom is connected to the water inlet pipe (13) of the ecological pond; the interface of the tee (28) facing downward is connected to a conical stainless steel filter (33); a movable floating ball (32) is arranged inside the stainless steel filter (33), and the diameter of the bottom of the filter is smaller than the distance between the tee (28) and the concrete wall (26);

[0010] The infiltration well is composed of a planting soil layer (34), a sand layer (35), a filler layer (36), a well bottom filler layer (37), a concrete cushion layer (38), a well body (39), a drainage pipe (40), a sewage interception trough (41), a cast iron well cover (42) and an overflow pipe (43); the infiltration well is 0.8 to 1.5 m deep and 0.5 to 1 m in diameter; the well body (39) is made of cement mortar bricks, and its top is 10 to 20 cm above the ground; a sewage interception trough (41) and a cast iron well cover (42) are installed at the infiltration well mouth, and a well bottom filler layer (37) is laid at the bottom of the infiltration well; the outer side of the well body wall is sequentially provided with a filler layer (36) of 30 to 50 cm and a sand layer (35) of 10 to 25 cm, and a permeable geotextile is laid between the layers;

[0011] After being treated in the improved three-compartment septic tank, toilet sewage is merged into the waterfall-type ecological water distribution channel (15) together with laundry, kitchen and bathing domestic sewage and initial rainwater runoff from the waste pipe (30); in the case of poor water quality, functional microbial agents can be added to the waterfall-type ecological water distribution channel (15) to enhance the purification effect of the ecological pond on sewage; the sewage quality treated in the ecological pond can stably meet the Class I B standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" GB18918-2002, and the Class I standard of the local standard "Water Pollutant Discharge Standard for Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment Facilities" is mainly used; the outlet pipe (18) is regulated by the second valve to adjust the amount of water discharged into the farmland or river;

[0012] Taking advantage of the difference in terrain in rural hilly areas, rainwater runoff is collected by ditches in an unpowered gravity manner, and flows into a water collection well and a waste flow device in sequence through a water collection well inlet pipe (22). The late rainwater runoff in the waste flow device flows into an infiltration well through a second rainwater pipe (29). The rainwater runoff in the well preferentially infiltrates to the surroundings and the bottom through a drainage pipe (40), and the part that fails to infiltrate flows out through an overflow pipe (43). The overflow pipe (43) is connected to an inlet pipe (13) and an outlet pipe (18) of an eco-pond through a first valve, respectively. The amount of water discharged into the eco-pond is regulated by the inlet pipe (13) and used to activate the water body in the pond, or is combined with the outflow from the eco-pond outlet pipe (18) and discharged into a river or farmland through a second valve.

[0013] The flow abandonment devices are arranged in parallel according to the actual hydraulic load of rainwater runoff.

[0014] The infiltration wells are arranged in series according to the actual hydraulic load of rainwater runoff.

[0015] The relatively short wetland herbaceous plants planted in the waterfall-type ecological water distribution channel include shiitake grass, pennisetum, yellow iris, iris or lycoris.

[0016] Suitable benthic animals and fish are added to the ecological pond, and the front half (17-1) is planted with submerged plants such as foxtail, elodea, water chestnut, verticillaster, pondweed or Vallisneria; the middle part (17-2) is planted with floating-leaf plants such as water lily, water chestnut, duckweed, water chestnut or water caltrop; the rear half (17-3) and the edge zone (17-4) are planted with emergent plants such as reed, cattail, wild rice stem, pickerel grass, Cyperus rotundus, Iris, lily, canna, oriental water chestnut, arrowhead, taro, lotus or water celery.

[0017] The filler in the permeable well filler layer is a mixture of one or more of gravel, zeolite, fly ash ceramsite, volcanic rock or vermiculite.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the invention: The invention combines the rural characteristics of hilly areas, fully utilizes the advantages of terrain differences, collects rainwater and sewage by unpowered gravity, gives priority to local economic crops, and adopts an ecological treatment system to comprehensively treat rural domestic sewage and rainwater runoff. It has the characteristics of unpowered output, low construction cost, convenient operation and maintenance, and outstanding economic and environmental benefits.

[0019] The improved three-compartment septic tank in the ecological treatment system of the present invention is improved based on the conventional three-compartment septic tank built with concrete and sintered bricks, and improves the leakage problem that is easily overlooked in rural areas, especially near water sources or where the groundwater level is high. The bottom cross-section of the third tank of the improved three-compartment septic tank is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, which is convenient for the sedimentation and cleaning of suspended matter in the fecal liquid; the third tank is separated by a partition in the middle, and a honeycomb hexagonal inclined pipe is installed on one side of the fecal outlet pipe, which can further improve the sedimentation efficiency of suspended matter. The improved three-compartment septic tank has a good removal capacity for COD, BOD and SS, which can effectively reduce the pollution load of subsequent ecological ponds, and has the advantages of good performance, low price, and easy installation and cleaning.

[0020] The ecological pond in the ecological treatment system of the present invention makes full use of the terrain difference in the hilly area to realize the unpowered operation of the facility. It is designed as a waterfall-type ecological water distribution channel and a main body, which increases the layering and liveliness of the ecological pond. After the original soil at the bottom of the ecological pond is leveled and compacted, a layer of composite anti-seepage membrane is laid, which is mainly used for anti-seepage, and has good physical and mechanical properties such as tear resistance, bursting, and plant root puncture, and has good chemical resistance and anti-aging performance, which can meet the durability of slope protection.

[0021] The waterfall-type ecological water distribution channel in the ecological treatment system of the present invention not only has the functions of regulating the water quality and quantity of rural domestic sewage, achieving uniform water distribution, slowing down water flow impact and enriching oxygen in waterfalls, but also can use the interception and absorption of pollutants by plants and the infiltration of soil to preliminarily purify sewage and reduce odor. In the case of poor water quality, functional microbial agents can be added to the water distribution channel to enhance the purification effect of pollutants in sewage by the ecological pond, so as to achieve stable operation of the ecological pond.

[0022] The main part of the ecological pond in the ecological treatment system of the present invention is reasonably arranged. The front half is planted with submerged plants such as foxtail algae, elodea, waterweed, verticillata, pondweed or Vallisneria, and submerged plants have the best purification effect on pollutants; the middle part with deeper water level is planted with floating-leaf plants such as water lily, water chestnut, duckweed, water chestnut or Euryale; the rear half and edge zone are planted with emergent plants such as reed, cattail, wild rice stem, pickerel grass, lily, canna, oriental water chestnut, arrowhead, taro, lotus or water celery, and the selected plants have a good purification effect on pollutants, and can also play a role in preliminary interception and filtration of rainwater runoff during rainfall; suitable benthic animals and fish can be added into the pond. The ecological pond constructs a complete aquatic ecosystem in time and space, strengthens material circulation and energy flow, purifies rural domestic sewage step by step, makes it meet the discharge standards, and realizes the steady-state development of the ecological pond. In addition, the selection of plants is mainly based on native plants, seasonal plants, economic crops, and plants with good decontamination effects. Planting native plants can increase the survival rate of plants; planting plants with seasonal plants can maintain the stable removal effect of pollutants in the ecological pond in different seasons, and can also increase the landscape effect of the ecological pond; planting plants with good decontamination effects can improve the purification effect of the ecological pond on rural domestic sewage; planting economic crops such as water chestnuts, water caltrops, wild rice stems, oriental water chestnuts, arrowheads, taro, lotus, water celery, etc. can bring significant economic benefits to local residents and increase the enthusiasm of residents for the operation and maintenance of the ecosystem of the present invention.

[0023] Rural areas in hilly areas have large differences in terrain, and existing ditches can be fully utilized to allow rainwater runoff to flow into the ecosystem through its own gravity. After the initial rainwater washes the surface, it carries a large amount of pollutants. Therefore, the initial rainwater runoff is treated by the discard device and flows into the ecological pond for deep purification, which can greatly reduce the pollution load on the water from the infiltration well. A layer of permeable concrete is set in the water storage space of the discard device, which takes into account the functions of water permeability, water storage and water purification. The stainless steel filter can intercept larger suspended solids, and both are easy to clean.

[0024] In hilly areas, the concentration of rainwater runoff pollutants is low, and infiltration wells are mainly used for treatment. Infiltration wells remove pollutants from rainwater runoff through filler filtration and adsorption, plant absorption, root secretion release, enzymes, and the synergistic effect of plants and rhizosphere microorganisms. Purified water can replenish groundwater. Infiltration wells can be connected in series according to the water quality and quantity of rural rainwater runoff, and can respond to rainfall events of different rainfall intensities. In small rainfall events, rural rainwater runoff flows into the infiltration well and then penetrates into the filler layer, sand layer and soil layer through the drainage pipe to replenish groundwater; in medium and heavy rain events, rural rainwater runoff first penetrates around and at the bottom of the infiltration well, and the part that exceeds the permeable and stored water volume of the infiltration well is discharged by the overflow pipe, which can be used to activate the ecological pond or used together with the water discharged from the ecological pond for agricultural irrigation, so as to realize the comprehensive utilization of water resources, or replenish rivers and lakes, reduce the input of pollutants, and maintain the healthy development of water sources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural layout diagram of the ecosystem of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the improved three-compartment septic tank of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the ecological pond of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the ecological pond of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a parallel flow abandonment device for a water collection well of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the flow abandonment device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the infiltration well of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 1 to Figure 7 Middle: 1. First pool; 2. Second pool; 3. Third pool; 4. Wall; 5. Manure inlet pipe; 6. Exhaust port; 7. Manure pipe; 8. Partition; 9. Hexagonal honeycomb inclined pipe; 10. Manure outlet pipe; 11. Slag removal port; 12. Septic tank cover; 13. Water inlet pipe; 14. Water distribution pipe; 15. Waterfall ecological water distribution channel; 16. Waterfall dam; 17. Ecological pond body; 17-1. Front half; 17-2. Middle; 17-3. Back half; 17-4. Edge zone; 18. Water outlet pipe; 19. Soil layer; 20. Composite anti-seepage membrane; 21 1. Collection well; 22. Collection well inlet pipe; 23. First rainwater pipe; 24. Discarding device; 25. Concrete cushion; 26. Concrete masonry wall; 27. Reinforced concrete cover; 28. Tee; 29. ​​Second rainwater pipe; 30. Discarding pipe; 31. Permeable concrete layer; 32. Float; 33. Stainless steel filter; 34. Planting soil layer; 35. Sand layer; 36. Filling layer; 37. Well bottom filling layer; 38. Concrete cushion; 39. Well body; 40. Drain pipe; 41. Sewage intercepting trough; 42. Cast iron well cover; 43. Overflow pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The embodiments described in the present invention are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] An ecological system for comprehensively treating rainwater and sewage in rural areas of hilly areas is composed of an improved three-compartment septic tank, an ecological pond, a water collection well, a flow abandonment device, an infiltration well, a first valve and a second valve;

[0037] The improved three-compartment septic tank comprises a first tank (1), a second tank (2), a third tank (3), a wall (4), a manure inlet pipe (5), an exhaust port (6), a manure passage pipe (7), a partition (8), a hexagonal honeycomb inclined pipe (9), a manure discharge pipe (10), a slag removal port (11) and a septic tank cover (12); the volume ratio of the first tank (1), the second tank (2) and the third tank (3) is 2:1:3, and the tanks are connected by a manure passage pipe (7); the manure inlet pipe (5) is arranged at the first tank (1), the second tank (2) and the third tank (3) are connected by a manure passage pipe (7); In the wall (4) on one side of the first tank (1), the exhaust port (6) is located at the top of the first tank (1) near the manure inlet pipe (5); the bottom cross-section of the third tank (3) is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, and the angle of the trapezoidal bevel β is 150°. The middle of the third tank (3) is separated by a partition (8), and a hexagonal honeycomb inclined tube (9) made of ethylene propylene copolymer material is arranged between the wall (4) on the side of the manure outlet pipe (10) and the partition (8), and the angle of inclination α is 60°. The length of each honeycomb inclined tube is 0.7 m;

[0038] The ecological pond is composed of an inlet pipe (13), a water distribution pipe (14), a waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15), a waterfall dam (16), an ecological pond body (17), an outlet pipe (18), a soil layer (19) and a composite anti-seepage membrane (20); the original soil layer at the bottom of the ecological pond is successively laid upward with a composite anti-seepage membrane (20) with a thickness of 2.5 to 5 mm and a soil layer (19) with a thickness of 25 to 35 cm; the main body of the ecological pond is 2 m deep, the superheight is greater than 0.5 m, and the slope is 1:3; the inlet pipe (13) is connected to the water distribution pipe (14), and the outlet pipe (18) is located at the end edge of the rear half (17-3) of the ecological pond; the waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15) is 0.5 to 1 m deep, 0.8 to 2 m wide, and has a slope of 1:3; the waterfall dam (16) is 0.4 m wide and is paved with pebbles with a diameter of 5 to 30 cm;

[0039] The flow abandonment device is composed of a first rainwater pipe (23), a concrete cushion layer (25), a concrete wall (26), a reinforced concrete cover plate (27), a tee (28), a second rainwater pipe (29), a flow abandonment pipe (30), a permeable concrete layer (31), a floating ball (32) and a stainless steel filter (33); the first rainwater pipe (23) is connected to the flow abandonment device and the water collection well, the second rainwater pipe (29) is connected to the flow abandonment device and the infiltration well, and the first rainwater pipe (23) and the second rainwater pipe (29) are connected through a tee (28); the flow abandonment device is 1.5 m deep and 0.8 m in diameter. m, the bottom of its water storage space is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, the top of the inverted trapezoidal shape is a permeable concrete layer (31), the bottom waste flow pipe (30) is connected to the water inlet pipe (13) of the ecological pond; the interface of the lower end of the tee (28) is connected to the conical stainless steel filter (33); a movable floating ball (32) is arranged inside the stainless steel filter (33), and the diameter of the bottom of the stainless steel filter is smaller than the distance between the tee (28) and the concrete wall (26);

[0040] The infiltration well is composed of a planting soil layer (34), a sand layer (35), a filling layer (36), a well bottom filling layer (37), a concrete cushion layer (38), a well body (39), a drainage pipe (40), a sewage interception trough (41), a cast iron well cover (42) and an overflow pipe (43); the infiltration well is 0.8 to 1.5 m deep, 0.5 to 1 m in diameter, and its top is 10 to 20 cm above the ground; a sewage interception trough (41) and a cast iron well cover (42) are installed at the infiltration well mouth, and a well bottom filling layer (37) is laid at the bottom of the infiltration well; the outer side of the well body wall is successively composed of a 35 cm filling layer (36) and a 20 cm sand layer (35), and a permeable geotextile is laid between the layers.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] In a rural area in a hilly area, ecological technology is used to comprehensively manage domestic sewage and rainwater runoff. The rural houses are built on the hillside, with a dense distribution and a large road slope. There is a river about 1.5m wide flowing through the village and into the water source. The main cash crop is rice.

[0043] The average number of residents per household in this rural area is 5. The volume of the improved three-chamber septic tank is calculated to be 2.4 m 3The newly built improved three-compartment septic tank has high anti-seepage performance. The volume ratio of the first tank (1), the second tank (2) and the third tank (3) is 2:1:3. The tanks are connected by manure pipes (7). The wall (4) is made of concrete bricks and plastered with anti-seepage materials. The top is covered with a septic tank cover (12) made of reinforced concrete. The top of the first tank (1) and the third tank (3) are designed with slag removal ports (11), and the sides are respectively provided with manure inlet pipes (5) and manure outlet pipes (10). The exhaust port (6) is installed in the front section of the first tank (1). The bottom cross-section of the third tank (3) is inverted trapezoidal shape, and the trapezoidal inclined angle β is 135°. The middle is separated by a partition. A hexagonal honeycomb inclined pipe (9) made of ethylene-propylene copolymer is installed on one side of the manure outlet pipe. The length is 0.6 m and the inclined angle α is 60°.

[0044] The ecological pond is built in the low-lying area of ​​the rural area, near the farmland. Rural domestic sewage first flows into the waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15) through the water distribution pipe (14) for preliminary purification and uniform water quality and water quantity. The overflow sewage flows into the main body of the ecological pond (17) through the waterfall dam (16) for deep purification and is discharged from the outlet pipe (18) at the tail end. The waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15) is 0.5m deep, 0.8m wide and 25m long. The waterfall dam (16) is 0.3m wide and paved with 5-30cm pebbles. Shiitake mushroom grass, yellow iris, iris, Lycoris radiata and the like are planted in the waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15). In the case of poor water quality, functional microbial agents are added to the waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15) to enhance the purification effect of the ecological pond on pollutants in sewage. The main body of the ecological pond (17) is 25 m wide, 40 m long, 1.5 m deep, 0.5 m high, and covers an area of ​​1000 m 2 The slope is 1:3, and the anti-seepage layer is paved with a composite anti-seepage membrane with a thickness of 3mm (20). The front half of the pond (17-1) is planted with submerged plants such as Hydrilla verticillata, Potamogeton, Vallisneria, etc., the middle part (17-2) is planted with floating-leaf plants such as Nymphaea, Nymphoides, Euryale, etc., the back half (17-3) and the edge zone (17-4) are planted with emergent plants such as Cattail, Pike Weed, Canna, Zizania, Alisma, Sagittaria, Taro, Lotus, etc., and a small amount of benthic animals and fish are added. These animals and plants have significant landscape ornamental and economic benefits, and can also greatly promote the enthusiasm of local residents for the operation and maintenance of the ecological pond system.

[0045] The flow-discarding device (24) and the infiltration well are arranged at the existing ditch water collection point in the rural area. A water collection well (21) is arranged to connect two flow-discarding devices (24) in parallel, and the devices are connected by a first rainwater pipe (23). The flow-discarding device is 1 m deep and 0.5 m in diameter. The lower part of the water storage space is in an inverted trapezoid shape, and a layer of permeable concrete (31) is laid on the top of the inverted trapezoid shape. The first rainwater pipe (23) and the second rainwater pipe (29) are connected by a tee (28). The interface of the tee (28) at the lower end is connected to a conical stainless steel filter (33). A movable floating ball is arranged inside the stainless steel filter (33). A floating ball (32) is arranged within the distance between the bottom diameter of the filter and the concrete wall (26). The second rainwater pipe (29) connects the abandoned flow device and the infiltration well. Two infiltration wells are connected in series, with a depth of 1.2 m and a diameter of 1 m. The well body (39) is made of cement mortar bricks, and the bottom and top are concrete layers (38). The top of the well body should be 10 to 20 cm above the ground. A sewage interception trough (41) is installed on the top of the infiltration well. The well cover is a cast iron well cover (42). A 30 cm zeolite + fly ash ceramsite filler layer (36) mixed in a ratio of 1:1, a 15 cm sand layer (35) and a compacted original soil layer are laid on the outside of the well body in sequence. A 25 cm planting soil layer (34) is laid on the surface, and a permeable geotextile is laid between the layers. Considering that there is a water source near the rural area, zeolite and fly ash ceramsite with good pollutant removal effects are selected as fillers.

[0046] In summary, rural domestic sewage is mainly treated through improved three-compartment septic tanks and ecological ponds, and the effluent can meet the Class B water quality standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002) and the Class I standard of the "Water Pollutant Discharge Standard for Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment Facilities" (DB 36 / 1102-2019) of Jiangxi Province. The outlet pipe of the ecological pond is controlled by the second valve, which can be used to irrigate surrounding rice fields and vegetable gardens according to farmers' needs, or directly discharged to flow through rivers to realize rural resource utilization. During rainfall events, rural rainwater runoff flows through the existing ditches through gravity flow, through the collection well, the discard device and the infiltration well in sequence. The initial rainwater runoff with a high degree of pollution is discharged into the ecological pond through the discard device, and then discharged after purification. Other rainwater runoff flows into the infiltration well, first infiltrates around and at the bottom of the infiltration well, and is used to replenish groundwater after being filtered and purified by the layered structure and infiltration; the part that exceeds the permeable and stored water volume of the infiltration well is discharged by the overflow pipe. The overflow pipe is equipped with a first valve, which can be used to divert water for activation when the pollution load of the ecological pond is high, or directly flow into the ecological pond outlet pipe to be reused or discharged directly into the river together with the ecological pond outlet water, according to the operation of the ecological pond. In this way, the terrain characteristics of the hilly area are fully utilized to achieve the comprehensive treatment and resource utilization of rural domestic sewage and rainwater runoff, with the characteristics of no power output, low construction cost, convenient operation and maintenance, and outstanding economic and environmental benefits.

Claims

1. An ecosystem for comprehensive treatment of rainwater and sewage in rural areas of hilly areas, characterized by: The ecosystem is composed of a modified three-compartment septic tank, an ecological pond, a water collection well, a flow abandonment device, an infiltration well, a first valve and a second valve, and uses an ecological treatment method to comprehensively treat rural rainwater and domestic sewage in hilly areas; The improved three-compartment septic tank comprises a first tank (1), a second tank (2), a third tank (3), a wall (4), a manure inlet pipe (5), an exhaust port (6), a manure pipe (7), a partition (8), a hexagonal honeycomb inclined pipe (9), a manure outlet pipe (10), a slag removal port (11) and a septic tank cover (12); the improved three-compartment septic tank is built based on concrete and sintered bricks; the volume ratio of the first tank (1), the second tank (2) and the third tank (3) is 2:1:3, and the tanks are connected by a manure pipe (7); the manure inlet pipe (5) and the exhaust port (6) are connected by a manure pipe (7); The pipe (5) is arranged in the wall (4) on one side of the first pool (1), and the exhaust port (6) is located at the top of the first pool (1) near the manure inlet pipe (5); the bottom cross-section of the third pool (3) is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, and the angle of the trapezoidal bevel β is 135 to 150 degrees. The middle of the third pool (3) is separated by a partition (8), and a hexagonal honeycomb inclined pipe (9) made of ethylene propylene copolymer material is arranged between the wall (4) on one side of the manure outlet pipe (10) and the partition (8), and the angle of inclination α is 60 degrees. The length of each honeycomb inclined pipe is 0.5 to 1 meter; The ecological pond is composed of an inlet pipe (13), a water distribution pipe (14), a waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15), a waterfall dam (16), an ecological pond body (17), an outlet pipe (18), a soil layer (19) and a composite anti-seepage membrane (20); after the bottom of the ecological pond is leveled and the original soil layer is compacted, a composite anti-seepage membrane (20) with a thickness of 2.5 to 5 mm and a soil layer (19) with a thickness of 25 to 35 cm are laid upward in sequence; the main body of the ecological pond is 1 to 2 m deep, the superheight is greater than 0.5 m, the slope is not greater than 1:3, and wetland herbaceous plants are planted in the pond; the inlet pipe (13) is connected to the water distribution pipe (14), and the outlet pipe (18) is arranged at the end edge of the rear half (17-3) of the ecological pond; the waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15) is 0.5 to 1 m deep, 0.8 to 2 m wide, and the slope is not greater than 1:3; the waterfall dam (16) is 0.3 to 0.5 m wide, and the water distribution channel (15) is 0.5 to 1 m deep and ... water distribution channel (15) is 0.5 to 1 m deep and 0.8 to 2 m wide, and the slope is not greater than 1:3; the water distribution channel (16) is 0.3 to 0.5 m wide, and the water distribution channel (15) is 0.5 to 1 m deep and 0.8 to 2 m wide, and the slope is not m, paved with pebbles of 5 to 30 cm in diameter; The waste flow device comprises a first rainwater pipe (23), a concrete cushion layer (25), a concrete wall (26), a reinforced concrete cover plate (27), a tee (28), a second rainwater pipe (29), a waste flow pipe (30), a permeable concrete layer (31), a floating ball (32) and a stainless steel filter (33); the first rainwater pipe (23) is connected to the waste flow device and a water collection well, the second rainwater pipe (29) is connected to the waste flow device and an infiltration well, and the first rainwater pipe (23) and the second rainwater pipe (29) are connected via a tee (28); the waste flow device is 0.5 to 1.5 m deep and 0.5 to 1 m in diameter. m, the bottom of its water storage space is in an inverted trapezoidal shape, a permeable concrete layer (31) is laid on the top of the inverted trapezoidal shape, a waste flow pipe (30) arranged at the bottom is connected to the water inlet pipe (13) of the ecological pond; the interface of the tee (28) facing downward is connected to a conical stainless steel filter (33); a movable floating ball (32) is arranged inside the stainless steel filter (33), and the diameter of the bottom of the filter is smaller than the distance between the tee (28) and the concrete wall (26); The infiltration well is composed of a planting soil layer (34), a sand layer (35), a filler layer (36), a well bottom filler layer (37), a concrete cushion layer (38), a well body (39), a drainage pipe (40), a sewage interception trough (41), a cast iron well cover (42) and an overflow pipe (43); the infiltration well is 0.8 to 1.5 m deep and 0.5 to 1 m in diameter; the well body (39) is made of cement mortar bricks, and its top is 10 to 20 cm above the ground; a sewage interception trough (41) and a cast iron well cover (42) are installed at the infiltration well mouth, and a well bottom filler layer (37) is laid at the bottom of the infiltration well; the outer side of the well body wall is sequentially provided with a filler layer (36) of 30 to 50 cm and a sand layer (35) of 10 to 25 cm, and a permeable geotextile is laid between the layers; After being treated in the improved three-compartment septic tank, toilet sewage is combined with laundry, kitchen and bathing sewage and initial rainwater runoff from the waste pipe (30) into the waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15); in the case of poor water quality, functional microbial agents are added to the waterfall ecological water distribution channel (15) to enhance the sewage purification effect of the ecological pond; the outlet pipe (18) is regulated by a second valve to discharge water into farmland or rivers; Taking advantage of the terrain difference in rural areas of hilly areas, rainwater runoff is collected by ditches in an unpowered gravity manner, and flows into the water collection well and the waste flow device in sequence through the water collection well inlet pipe (22). The late rainwater runoff in the waste flow device flows into the infiltration well through the second rainwater pipe (29). The rainwater runoff in the well infiltrates to the surroundings and the bottom through the drainage pipe (40), and the part that cannot infiltrate flows out through the overflow pipe (43). The overflow pipe (43) is respectively connected to the inlet pipe (13) and the outlet pipe (18) of the ecological pond through the first valve, and is regulated to be discharged into the ecological pond through the inlet pipe (13) for activating the water body in the pond, or is combined with the outflow from the ecological pond outlet pipe (18) and discharged into the river or farmland through the second valve; The flow abandonment devices are arranged in parallel according to the actual hydraulic load of rainwater runoff; The infiltration wells are arranged in series according to the actual hydraulic load of rainwater runoff.

2. The ecological system for comprehensive treatment of rainwater and sewage in rural areas of hilly areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The described waterfall ecological water distribution channel is planted with relatively short wetland herbaceous plants, such as shiitake grass, pennisetum, yellow iris, iris or lycoris.

3. The ecological system for comprehensive treatment of rainwater and sewage in rural areas of hilly areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: Suitable benthic animals and fish are added to the ecological pond, and the front half (17-1) is planted with submerged plants such as foxtail, elodea, water chestnut, verticillaster, pondweed or Vallisneria; the middle part (17-2) is planted with floating-leaf plants such as water lily, water chestnut, duckweed, water chestnut or water caltrop; the rear half (17-3) and the edge zone (17-4) are planted with emergent plants such as reed, cattail, wild rice stem, pickerel grass, Cyperus rotundus, Iris, lily, canna, oriental water chestnut, arrowhead, taro, lotus or water celery.

4. The ecological system for comprehensive treatment of rainwater and sewage in rural areas of hilly areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The filler in the filler layer of the infiltration well is a mixture of one or more of gravel, zeolite, fly ash ceramsite, volcanic rock or vermiculite.

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