A premixed metal powder heater

Abstract

The present invention provides a premixed metal powder heater, which comprises: a shell, a metal powder feed port arranged on the shell, a metal powder discharge port arranged on the shell, a heat transfer oil inlet of a heating plate group arranged on the shell, a heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group arranged on the shell, and a heating plate group arranged in the shell; the heating plate group comprises at least one heating plate; at least one heating plate is provided with an oil channel; the oil channel of the heating plate is connected to the heat transfer oil inlet of the heating plate group; the oil channel of the heating plate is connected to the heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group. The premixed metal powder heater of the present invention is heated by heat transfer oil, which can avoid the leakage risk of high-power electric heating technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy structural parts processing, and more specifically, to a premixed metal powder heater. Background Art

[0002] Powder metallurgy structural parts processing is an advanced manufacturing technology that integrates material preparation and parts forming. It is energy-saving, material-saving, highly efficient, has final forming, and has little pollution. It has an irreplaceable position and role in the material and parts manufacturing industry, and has entered the forefront of the development of contemporary materials science. Powder metallurgy is a high-tech technology that uses metals and other powders to process, press, sinter, and perform necessary subsequent treatments to make mechanical parts and metal products. The materials and products manufactured using powder metallurgy technology are the basic substances for the production of a variety of new industrial materials. It has become a key new material for solving many industrial problems and plays a key role in the development of the entire engineering system field, especially in the automotive industry, machinery industry, and aerospace industry. It is widely used in the fields of automotive, machinery, and aerospace industries. The basic process of powder metallurgy structural parts processing can be summarized into three major steps, namely powder making, forming, and sintering. Before the manufactured metal powder enters the mold to make the green body of the desired shape, there is an important process, namely the heating of the metal powder.

[0003] Especially in autumn and winter, metal powder needs to be heated to a suitable temperature, for example, typical iron powder needs to be heated to 70-130°C. By effectively controlling the temperature of the iron powder entering the mold, cracks in the green body can be avoided during subsequent processing, and the life of the mold can be significantly increased.

[0004] In the field of powder metallurgy, the typical technology used to heat metal powder is generally electric heating, including some Japanese or European and American companies that are leading in the industry. Electric heating technology uses electric heating wires wrapped around the outside of the premixed metal powder silo. The heat generated by the electric heating wires is transferred to the premixed metal powder inside the silo by heat conduction. There are always inherent technical problems in the application of electric heating technology in the field of heating premixed iron powder:

[0005] 1. There are safety hazards in heating metal powder with electric heating technology. Metal powder is an excellent conductor of electricity. During the powder metallurgy process, the heater often needs to be moved, and it is difficult to avoid wear and bumps. If there is leakage when using high-power electric heating technology, the consequences will be unimaginable.

[0006] 2. Electric heating technology has serious heating unevenness. The temperature of the material close to the electric heating wire is too high, which will cause some functional solvents added to the metal powder to denature, while the temperature of the metal powder far away from the electric heating wire is relatively low.

[0007] 3. The electric heating technology densely distributes the electric heating wires on the outer surface of the silo heater to form a heating source. However, no matter how they are arranged, the heat exchange area is still only the area of ​​the outer silo body, and the heating area is too small.

[0008] 4. In autumn and winter, metal powder is an excellent conductor of heat. The raw materials purchased by powder metallurgy enterprises are basically consistent with the ambient temperature, which means that the temperature of the heated metal powder is even lower than 0°C. Similarly, when heated from ambient temperature to 70-130°C, the heating efficiency of electric heaters in winter is extremely low, and it is difficult to heat the metal powder to the required temperature efficiently and quickly.

[0009] 5. Due to the inherent defects of the electric heater, the temperature of the heated metal powder is uneven, which will eventually lead to frequent cracks in the mold for pressing the green body, and the defective rate of the final product is also high. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to overcome at least one of the defects of the prior art described above, the present invention provides a premixed metal powder heater. The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.

[0011] A premixed metal powder heater, the premixed metal powder heater comprising: a shell, a metal powder feed port arranged on the shell, a metal powder discharge port arranged on the shell, a heat transfer oil inlet of a heating plate group arranged on the shell, a heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group arranged on the shell and a heating plate group arranged in the shell; the heating plate group comprises at least one heating plate; at least one heating plate is provided with an oil channel; the oil channel of the heating plate is connected to the heat transfer oil inlet of the heating plate group; the oil channel of the heating plate is connected to the heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group.

[0012] Preferably, the shell is provided with a shell heat transfer oil inlet and a shell heat transfer oil outlet; the shell is a shell provided with an oil channel; the oil channel of the shell is connected with the shell heat transfer oil inlet; the oil channel of the shell is connected with the shell heat transfer oil outlet.

[0013] Preferably, a baffle weld is provided on the shell.

[0014] Preferably, the shell includes a top cover plate, a self-heating chamber and a self-heating cone; the top cover plate is installed on the upper part of the self-heating chamber, and the self-heating cone is installed on the bottom of the self-heating chamber; the self-heating chamber is provided with the shell thermal oil inlet, the shell thermal oil outlet and the shell oil channel; and / or the self-heating cone is provided with the shell thermal oil inlet, the shell thermal oil outlet and the shell oil channel.

[0015] Preferably, the premixed metal powder heater comprises at least two heating plates provided with oil channels; the heating plates provided with oil channels comprise at least two shapes; and at least one shape of the heating plates provided with oil channels can extend into the self-heating cone.

[0016] Preferably, the metal powder feed port is arranged on the top cover plate; and the metal powder discharge port is arranged on the self-heating cone.

[0017] Preferably, the heat transfer oil inlet of the heating plate group and the heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group are both arranged on the top cover plate.

[0018] Preferably, the heating plate group further comprises an oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe and an oil outlet semi-lunar main pipe; the oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe connects the heat transfer oil inlet of the heating plate group and the oil channel of at least one of the heating plates; the oil outlet semi-lunar main pipe connects the heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group and the oil channel of at least one of the heating plates.

[0019] Preferably, a baffle weld is provided at a middle position of the heating plate provided with the oil channel.

[0020] Preferably, the premixed metal powder heater further comprises an exhaust port.

[0021] Preferably, the premixed metal powder heater further comprises a movable external suspension arranged on the shell.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are:

[0023] 1. No potential safety hazard: The premixed metal powder heater uses heat transfer oil and premixed metal powder to exchange heat between the walls, and the heat source and the material are completely separated. Even if the premixed metal powder heater leaks due to wear after several years, it is only the heat transfer oil and premixed metal powder that are mixed, and there is no potential safety hazard.

[0024] 2. Uniform heating of metal powder: The heating plate group inside the premixed metal powder heater arranges each heating plate evenly inside the equipment and extends into the cone section at the bottom. At the same time, the external plate group self-heating bin and self-heating cone can heat the material at the bin wall, ensuring completely uniform heating of the premixed metal powder.

[0025] 3. The heating area of ​​the same heating volume is increased by 3 times: Compared with the traditional electric heating, the electric heating wire is arranged on the outer wall of the equipment, and the interior of the premixed metal powder heater is filled with a bin-shaped heating plate group. At the same time, the wall of the bin is also made of heating plates to form a plate group self-heating bin and self-heating cone, which directly increases the heating area by 3 times.

[0026] 4. Heating efficiency is greatly improved and production is more stable: In the low temperature season of autumn and winter, the traditional electric heating technology has insufficient heating capacity, resulting in low production efficiency and product cracking in the subsequent molding and sintering processes. The high-efficiency heat exchange of the high-heat exchange density premixed metal powder heater completely eliminates the above problems and ensures the normal production of the entire production line in the low temperature season of autumn and winter.

[0027] 5. The service life of powder metallurgy green body mold is increased: because the temperature of the metal powder is effectively controlled before entering the mold, the uneven temperature of the metal powder feed is one of the important factors for mold damage. The uniform and controllable metal powder heating temperature significantly reduces the damage rate of the mold, significantly extends the service life, reduces production costs, and increases the operation time of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is the general diagram of the premixed metal powder heater equipment.

[0029] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a premixed metal powder heater.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the heating plate group.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the heating plate assembly.

[0032] Figure 5 This is the structural diagram of the heating plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as limiting the present invention. To better illustrate the present embodiment, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. The positional relationships described in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the premixed metal powder heater includes: a shell, a metal powder feed port 6 arranged on the shell, a metal powder discharge port 10 arranged on the shell, a heating plate group heat transfer oil inlet 7 arranged on the shell, a heating plate group heat transfer oil outlet 8 arranged on the shell and a heating plate group 2 arranged in the shell; the heating plate group 2 includes at least one heating plate 12; at least one heating plate 12 is provided with an oil channel; the oil channel of the heating plate 12 is connected to the heating plate group heat transfer oil inlet 7; the oil channel of the heating plate 12 is connected to the heating plate group heat transfer oil outlet 8.

[0035] The shell includes a top cover plate 1, a self-heating bin 3 and a self-heating cone 4. The top cover plate 1 is located on the upper part of the heating plate group 2 and is installed on the upper part of the self-heating bin 3. The heating plate group 2 is installed inside the plate group self-heating bin 3. The self-heating cone 4 is installed at the bottom of the plate group self-heating bin 3, and the movable external suspension 5 is welded to the upper outer part of the self-heating bin 3. The upper part of the top cover plate 1 is provided with a metal powder feed port 6, a heating plate group heat transfer oil inlet 7, a heating plate group heat transfer oil outlet 8 and an exhaust port 9. A discharge port 10 is provided at the bottom of the self-heating cone 4. A material distribution cone is provided in the self-heating cone 4 and above the discharge port 10.

[0036] The pipes at the bottom of the heating plate group heat transfer oil inlet 7 and the heating plate group heat transfer oil outlet 8 are connected to the flange at the top of the heating plate group 2 through flanges. The heating plate group 2 also includes an oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe 14 and an oil outlet semi-lunar main pipe 15. The oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe 14 connects the heating plate group heat transfer oil inlet 7 and the oil channel of at least one heating plate 12, and the oil outlet semi-lunar main pipe 15 connects the heating plate group heat transfer oil outlet 8 and the oil channel of at least one heating plate 12. The heat transfer oil enters the device from the heating plate group heat transfer oil inlet 7, flows into the oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe 14 at the upper part of the heating plate group 2, and the oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe 14 is connected to a plurality of heating plate oil inlets 16. After the heat transfer oil fills the oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe 14, it is distributed into each heating plate 12 through the heating plate oil inlet 16. A baffle weld 13 is provided on the heating plate 12, and the baffle weld 13 is provided in the middle position of the heating plate 12 to divide the upper half of the heating plate 12 into left and right halves. The heat-conducting oil enters the heating plate 12 through the heating plate oil inlet 16 and flows through the internal channel of the heating plate. When the heat-conducting oil encounters the baffle weld 13 set on the heating plate, the baffle weld 13 blocks the heat-conducting oil in the left half of the heating plate 12, so the heat-conducting oil continues to flow down along the heat-conducting oil channel of the heating plate 12 and fills the left half of the heating plate 12. The heat-conducting oil flows into the right half of the heating plate 12 through the lower heat-conducting oil channel 19 at the bottom of the heating plate 12, and flows from bottom to top to fill the right half of the heating plate 12, and then flows out through the heating plate oil outlet 17. The upper heating plate heat-conducting oil channel 18 is also left at the top of the heating plate 12. A small amount of heat-conducting oil flows from the left half of the baffle weld through the upper heating plate heat-conducting oil channel 18 to the right half in the heating plate 12 to prevent it from not flowing in some parts inside the heating plate 12. This ensures that there is no dead zone in the flow of heat-conducting oil. After passing through the heating plate 12, the heat transfer oil is gathered to the oil outlet semi-lunar main pipe 15 on the upper part of the heating plate group 2, and is discharged from the equipment through the heat transfer oil outlet 8 of the heating plate group.

[0037] The self-heating bin 3 and the self-heating cone 4 are also provided with an inlet and outlet of heat transfer oil, which can also be connected to the heat transfer oil system to heat the metal powder near the inner wall. The self-heating bin 3 has four outer walls, and the structure of each outer wall is similar to that of the heating plate 12, and an oil channel is arranged inside. The outer wall of the self-heating bin 3 is provided with a self-heating bin heat transfer oil inlet 20, a self-heating bin heat transfer oil outlet 21 and a self-heating bin baffle weld 33. The self-heating bin baffle weld 33 divides the oil channel inside the outer wall of the self-heating bin 3 into several areas to prevent the occurrence of flow dead zones. The heat transfer oil is introduced into the self-heating bin heat transfer oil inlet 20 from the external heat transfer oil main pipe, and flows from bottom to top through the oil channel divided by the baffle weld inside the outer wall of the self-heating bin 3 to fill the entire outer wall of the self-heating bin 3, and then flows out from the self-heating bin heat transfer oil outlet 21.

[0038] The heating plates 12 are evenly arranged and their shapes do not necessarily need to be the same, and can have a variety of shapes. Figure 3 , 4 As shown, there are a total of 10 heating plates 12. The two front and the two rear are rectangular, and the 6 middle ones are a combination of an upper rectangle and a lower trapezoid. Among the 6 combined shapes, the height of the combined trapezoid of the two front and the two rear ones is smaller, and the height of the two middle ones is larger. The purpose of this is to allow as many heating plates 12 as possible to penetrate into the interior of the self-heating cone 4 at the bottom to improve the heating efficiency. Of course, as long as it is ensured that the heating plate 12 can extend into the interior of the self-heating cone 4, other shapes can be designed according to the shape of the self-heating cone 4 and actual needs.

[0039] The self-heating cone 4 has four conical outer walls, each of which has a structure similar to that of the heating plate 12, and each of which has a self-heating cone heat transfer oil inlet 22 and a self-heating cone heat transfer oil outlet 23. The heat transfer oil enters the internal heat transfer oil channel of the conical outer wall from the self-heating cone heat transfer oil inlet 22 and flows from bottom to top to the self-heating cone heat transfer oil outlet 23.

[0040] After the metal powder material flows through the powder channel formed by the heating plate group 2 and the self-heating bin 3, it converges in the self-heating cone 4. A material distribution cone 11 is set at the lower part of the self-heating cone 4 to ensure that the metal powder flows evenly and stably inside the equipment without hole flow. The metal powder is heated to a temperature that meets the design requirements and is discharged from the equipment from the discharge port 10 at the bottom of the equipment.

[0041] At the same time, combined with the premixed metal powder heater equipment itself, some parameter detection and interlocking control are also required in the process, such as interlocking the metal powder discharge temperature with the heat transfer oil flow rate, to ensure precise control of the metal powder discharge temperature.

[0042] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0043] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A premixed metal powder heater, characterized in that: The premixed metal powder heater comprises: a shell, a metal powder feed port arranged on the shell, a metal powder discharge port arranged on the shell, a heat transfer oil inlet of a heating plate group arranged on the shell, a heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group arranged on the shell, and a heating plate group arranged in the shell; The heating plate group includes ten heating plates; the front two plates and the rear two plates are rectangular, and the middle six plates are a combination of upper rectangular and lower trapezoidal shapes; At least one of the heating plates is provided with an oil channel; The oil channel of the heating plate is connected to the heat transfer oil inlet of the heating plate group; The oil channel of the heating plate is connected to the heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group; The pipelines at the bottom of the heat transfer oil inlet and the heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group are connected to the flange at the top of the heating plate group through flanges; the heating plate group also includes an oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe and an oil outlet semi-lunar main pipe, the oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe connects the heat transfer oil inlet of the heating plate group and the oil channel of at least one heating plate, and the oil outlet semi-lunar main pipe connects the heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group and the oil channel of at least one heating plate; the heat transfer oil enters the equipment from the heat transfer oil inlet of the heating plate group, flows into the oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe on the upper part of the heating plate group, and the oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe is connected to the oil inlets of several heating plates; after the heat transfer oil fills the oil inlet semi-lunar main pipe, it is distributed to each heating plate through the oil inlet of the heating plate; a baffle weld is arranged on the heating plate, and the baffle weld is arranged in the middle of the heating plate Position, dividing the upper half of the heating plate into left and right halves; the heat transfer oil enters the heating plate through the oil inlet of the heating plate and then flows through the internal channel of the heating plate; when the heat transfer oil encounters the baffle weld set on the heating plate, the baffle weld blocks the heat transfer oil in the left half of the heating plate, so the heat transfer oil continues to flow downward along the heat transfer oil channel of the heating plate and fills the left half of the heating plate, the heat transfer oil flows into the right half of the heating plate through the lower heat transfer oil channel at the lower part of the heating plate, and flows from bottom to top to fill the right half of the heating plate, and then flows out through the oil outlet of the heating plate; an upper heating plate heat transfer oil channel is also reserved on the top of the heating plate; after flowing through the heating plate, the heat transfer oil converges to the oil outlet half-moon main pipe at the upper part of the heating plate group, and is discharged from the equipment through the heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group.

2. The premixed metal powder heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a shell heat transfer oil inlet and a shell heat transfer oil outlet; The housing is a housing provided with an oil passage; The oil passage of the shell is in communication with the heat transfer oil inlet of the shell; The oil channel of the shell is communicated with the heat transfer oil outlet of the shell.

3. The premixed metal powder heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a baffle weld.

4. The premixed metal powder heater according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shell comprises a top cover plate, a self-heating bin body and a self-heating cone; The top cover plate is installed on the upper part of the self-heating bin body, and the self-heating cone is installed on the bottom of the self-heating bin body; The self-heating warehouse is provided with the shell heat transfer oil inlet, the shell heat transfer oil outlet and the shell oil channel; And / or, the self-heating cone is provided with the shell heat transfer oil inlet, the shell heat transfer oil outlet and the shell oil channel.

5. The premixed metal powder heater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The premixed metal powder heater comprises at least two heating plates provided with oil channels; The heating plate provided with the oil channel includes at least two shapes; At least one shape of the heating plate provided with the oil channel can extend into the self-heating cone.

6. The premixed metal powder heater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The metal powder feed port is arranged on the top cover plate; The metal powder discharge port is arranged on the self-heating cone.

7. The premixed metal powder heater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat transfer oil inlet of the heating plate group and the heat transfer oil outlet of the heating plate group are both arranged on the top cover plate.

8. The premixed metal powder heater according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The premixed metal powder heater also includes an exhaust port.

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