Assembled revetment and construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an assembled revetment, including a pile foundation inserted into the soil, a pile head is provided on the top of the pile foundation, a groove is provided on the side of the pile head, a corbel is provided on the bottom of the pile head, an opening matched with the pile head is provided on a prefabricated bottom plate, a vertical baffle extending upward is provided on one side of the prefabricated bottom plate, a lower vertical plate extending downward is provided on the other side of the prefabricated bottom plate, the prefabricated bottom plate is placed horizontally, a reserved opening passes through the pile foundation, the lower vertical plate is inserted into the soil close to the pile foundation, the prefabricated bottom plate is framed on the corbel of the pile foundation, the pile head extends above the prefabricated bottom plate, fasteners are installed at the groove positions on both sides of the pile head, the fastener tenons are tightly fitted with the grooves on the side of the pile head, the bottom of the fastener is against the bottom plate, the pile head kit is sleeved on the periphery of the pile head and the fastener, so that the three form a whole, and the pile head is locked on the bottom plate. The assembled revetment structure of the present invention is reliable, the components can be orderly dismantled according to demand, no waste concrete is left in the soil body, and the impact on the ecology is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of river engineering construction, and discloses an assembled bank protection and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] When constructing bank protection projects on rivers, there is often a large height difference between the riverbed and the land behind, and little space for slope reduction. It is necessary to build upright bank protection sections or composite bank protection sections. When constructing upright bank protection structures on silt foundations with poor mechanical indicators, foundation treatment or the use of deep foundation structures is required to ensure structural safety and stability requirements.

[0003] Conventional upright revetments or composite revetments include gravity retaining wall structures, pile foundation retaining wall structures, etc. Building a new gravity retaining wall structure on a foundation with deep silt and poor bearing capacity requires large-scale foundation treatment, which is not economical compared to pile foundation structures. Conventional pile foundation retaining wall construction often requires cast-in-place concrete components below the water level, with a large construction interface and a long construction period. It also requires the construction of cofferdams that occupy the river for a long time. This affects the navigation and flood discharge functions of the river. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore an assembled revetment and its construction method suitable for poor geological conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose an assembled revetment and construction method, which can overcome the limitations of conventional revetment forms in the application of rivers with poor foundations, realize the factory construction of river revetment projects, and realize the recycling of components when the river revetment is reconstructed.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A prefabricated revetment comprises a pile foundation inserted into the soil, characterized in that: a pile head is provided on the top of the pile foundation, a groove is provided on the side of the pile head, a corbel is provided on the bottom of the pile head, a reserved opening matched with the pile head is provided on a prefabricated bottom plate, a vertical baffle extending upward is provided on one side of the prefabricated bottom plate, a lower vertical plate extending downward is provided on the other side of the prefabricated bottom plate, the prefabricated bottom plate is placed horizontally, the reserved opening on the prefabricated bottom plate passes through the pile foundation, the lower vertical plate is inserted into the soil close to the pile foundation, the prefabricated bottom plate is mounted on the corbel of the pile foundation, the pile head extends out to the top of the prefabricated bottom plate, fasteners are installed at the grooves on both sides of the pile head, the fastener tenons are tightly fitted with the grooves on the sides of the pile head, the bottom of the fastener is against the bottom plate, the pile head kit is sleeved on the periphery of the pile head and the fastener, so that the three form a whole, the pile head is locked on the bottom plate, and an effective connection between the prefabricated pile foundation and the prefabricated bottom plate is formed.

[0007] Furthermore, the pile foundation adopts prefabricated square piles, and the cross-sectional size of the prefabricated square piles is 300mm*300mm. The pile foundation corbel is 600mm away from the pile top, 400mm high, 100mm wide, and the groove on the side of the pile head is 100mm high and 50mm deep; the fastener is L-shaped, 200mm high, 100mm wide at the top, 150mm wide at the bottom, and a fastener tenon is formed at the bottom of the fastener; a square hole is provided in the middle of the pile head kit, and its side thickness is 50mm; the prefabricated bottom plate is 3m long, 0.9m wide, and 400mm high, the lower vertical plate is 1m long and 200mm thick, the vertical baffle is 0.5m long and 200mm thick, the reserved hole spacing is 1m, and the hole side length is 350mm.

[0008] Furthermore, clay is backfilled above the prefabricated bottom plate to form a slope, the vertical baffle of the prefabricated bottom plate forms a retaining wall, turf is planted on the upper slope for slope protection, and emergent plants are planted on the beach surface in front of the retaining wall.

[0009] Furthermore, the fabricated revetment is suitable for use in a river channel where the elevation of the rear land is higher than the designed high water level of the river channel.

[0010] The vertical baffle plays the main role in retaining soil, and the pile foundation exerts its bearing capacity to bear the upper load.

[0011] A construction method for assembled revetment, characterized in that the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0012] A. Making pile foundation, prefabricated bottom plate, fasteners and pile head kit, wherein the pile foundation is provided with a pile head at the top, a groove is provided at the side of the pile head, a corbel is provided at the bottom of the pile head, an opening is provided at the prefabricated bottom plate to match the pile head, a vertical baffle extending upward is provided at one side of the prefabricated bottom plate, a lower vertical plate extending downward is provided at the other side of the prefabricated bottom plate, the fastener is provided with a fastener tenon matching with the groove at the side of the pile head, and the pile head kit is provided with a square hole matching with the pile head and the fastener;

[0013] B. The pile foundation is driven into the soil according to the designed pile position and elevation, ensuring that the orientation of the pile foundation is consistent with the opening of the standard prefabricated base plate;

[0014] C. Excavate and level the foundation trench, place the prefabricated bottom plate horizontally, reserve openings to pass through the pile foundation, insert the lower vertical plate into the soil close to the pile foundation, place the prefabricated bottom plate on the pile foundation bracket, and extend the pile head above the prefabricated bottom plate;

[0015] D. Install fasteners in the grooves on both sides of the pile head. The fastener tenons fit tightly with the grooves on the sides of the pile head. The bottom of the fastener abuts against the bottom plate. The pile head kit is put on the periphery of the pile head and the fastener to form a whole, locking the pile head on the bottom plate.

[0016] E. Clay is backfilled on top of the prefabricated base plate to form a slope, the vertical baffle of the prefabricated base plate forms a retaining wall, turf is planted on the upper slope to protect the slope, and emergent plants are planted on the beach in front of the retaining wall.

[0017] Furthermore, when the river bank needs to be reconstructed in the future, the existing bank protection components can be dismantled in an orderly manner without leaving waste concrete in the soil.

[0018] All components of the present invention are prefabricated according to factory standards, and several different specifications are set according to different engineering conditions. After the prefabrication in the factory is completed and reaches the designed strength, it is transported to the site for installation. The pile foundation is driven into the designated position according to the designed pile position and elevation, ensuring that the orientation of the pile foundation is consistent with the opening of the standard prefabricated base plate. The foundation trench is excavated and leveled, the base plate is placed horizontally, the reserved opening passes through the pile foundation, and the tail is inserted into the soil close to the pile foundation. The base plate is placed on the pile foundation corbel, and the vertical baffle of the prefabricated base plate assumes the main retaining role, and the pile foundation exerts its bearing capacity to bear the upper load. Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The fabricated revetment is formed by assembling a standard prefabricated pile foundation kit and a prefabricated base plate, and adopts effective connection to meet the requirements of soil retaining and bearing capacity, and the structure is safe and reliable.

[0020] 2. The structure is relatively small, which reduces the disturbance to the natural river bank slope while maintaining the stability of the soil behind the wall. At the same time, the layered planting adapts to the greening of different water levels, which has good ecological and landscape effects.

[0021] 3. The whole bank protection project is assembled from various components, and retaining walls of different heights can be set up to meet different retaining height requirements.

[0022] 4. When the river bank needs to be rebuilt in the future, the existing bank protection components can be dismantled in an orderly manner, and no waste concrete will be left in the soil, reducing the impact on the ecology.

[0023] 5. The bank protection components are prefabricated according to factory standards to achieve large-scale production. They are low-cost and versatile, completely avoiding the on-site cast-in-place concrete construction steps, shortening the on-site construction period, with good construction quality and less environmental impact.

[0024] 6. The on-site installation of bank protection components does not require strict dry land construction conditions and can even be constructed underwater, avoiding the long-term occupation of the river channel by the construction of cofferdams, which would affect river navigation and flood discharge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the assembled revetment in the assembled revetment and construction method of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the middle pile component assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pile foundation in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fastener in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pile head kit in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the pile position arrangement on the standard prefabricated base plate of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1-pile foundation; 2-fastener; 3-pile head kit; 4-prefabricated base plate; 5-base plate opening; 6-grass slope protection; 7-emergent plants; 8-riverbed slope; 9-corbel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is a preferred embodiment, and the present invention is described more clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] A prefabricated revetment comprises a pile foundation 1 inserted into the soil, characterized in that: a pile head is provided on the top of the pile foundation 1, a groove is provided on the side of the pile head, a corbel 9 is provided at the bottom of the pile head, a bottom plate opening 5 matching with the pile head is provided on the prefabricated bottom plate 4, a vertical baffle extending upward is provided on one side of the prefabricated bottom plate 4, a lower vertical plate extending downward is provided on the other side of the prefabricated bottom plate, the prefabricated bottom plate is placed horizontally, a reserved opening passes through the pile foundation, the lower vertical plate is inserted into the soil close to the pile foundation, the prefabricated bottom plate is mounted on the corbel of the pile foundation, the pile head extends out to the top of the prefabricated bottom plate, fasteners are installed at the grooves on both sides of the pile head, the fastener tenons are tightly fitted with the grooves on the sides of the pile head, the bottom of the fastener is against the bottom plate, the pile head kit is sleeved on the periphery of the pile head and the fastener, so that the three form a whole, the pile head is locked on the bottom plate, and an effective connection between the prefabricated pile foundation and the prefabricated bottom plate is formed.

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to meet the requirements of bearing capacity and overall stability, low pile cap revetment structures are often used for new revetment projects on river channels. The riverbed slope 8 is excavated and the foundation trench is excavated. The piles are sunk by vibration sinking method. The standard prefabricated square piles 1 are driven into the specified elevation and plane pile positions. When they are sunk to the corbels, they can be sunk by manual local excavation. The standard prefabricated bottom plate 4 is hoisted and installed. With the assistance of construction personnel, the bottom plate opening 9 is passed through the pile head and mounted on the corbels, and the tail is inserted into the soil close to the pile foundation. The standard prefabricated pile head fastener 2 and the standard prefabricated pile head kit 3 are installed to effectively connect the pile foundation 1 and the bottom plate 4. The soil behind the wall is backfilled. The slopes are adjusted before and after the retaining wall. Grass slope protection 6 is planted on the slope above the retaining wall, and emergent plants 7 are planted on the beach in front of the wall.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the prefabricated low pile cap bank protection components are completely prefabricated according to factory standards and assembled on site, without the need for on-site cast concrete. The size of the pile foundation 1 is 300*300, and the pile length is designed according to the geological conditions. The pile foundation bracket is 600mm away from the pile top, 400mm high, 100mm wide, and the pile top groove is 100mm high and 50mm deep. The fastener 2 is L-shaped, 200mm high, 100mm wide at the top, 150mm wide at the bottom, and a fastener protrusion is formed at the bottom of the fastener. A square hole is provided in the middle of the pile head kit 3, with a side thickness of 50mm. The prefabricated bottom plate 4 is 3m long, 0.9m wide, 400mm high, the lower vertical plate is 1m long and 200mm thick, the vertical baffle is 0.5m long and 200mm thick, the reserved opening 5 is 1m apart, and the opening side length is 350mm. The reinforcement of standard prefabricated components must meet the strength requirements.

[0038] The construction method of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:

[0039] (1) Measurement and layout

[0040] According to the design requirements and plane position of the drawings, determine the layout position of the bank protection structure on the river slope, and on this basis, determine the scope and elevation of the slope excavation and make marking lines;

[0041] (2) Foundation trench excavation

[0042] First, excavation is carried out on the river slope to create a construction interface. The excavation method adopts layered excavation, which is carried out by a 0.5m3 backhoe excavator and a 5-ton dump truck, and the earth is transported to the designated area. The foundation pit is leveled to ensure that the excavation elevation is accurate. There is no need for cast-in-place concrete for structural construction, and a small amount of water can be allowed to enter the foundation pit, so there is no need to fill the cofferdam;

[0043] (3) Standard prefabricated pile foundation construction

[0044] Select standard prefabricated square piles of reasonable size according to the requirements of bearing capacity and overall stability of the slope. Use the vibration pile sinking method to sink piles in deep mud foundation conditions. Strictly control the elevation and plane position of the pile foundation. When sinking to the corbel, it can be combined with manual partial excavation to sink to the specified elevation.

[0045] (4) Standard prefabricated base plate construction

[0046] The standard prefabricated base plate is transported to the construction site for hoisting and installation. The base plate is hoisted into place, and with the assistance of the construction personnel, the base plate is opened through the pile head and placed on the corbel, and the tail is inserted into the soil close to the pile foundation. The standard prefabricated pile head fasteners and standard prefabricated pile head kit are installed to effectively connect the pile foundation and the base plate;

[0047] (5) Slope leveling and greening planting

[0048] The clay soil is backfilled behind the wall to meet the design requirements. The slopes are leveled before and after the retaining wall, and appropriate greenery is planted.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0050] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this is only for illustration and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled revetment, comprising a pile foundation inserted into the soil, characterized in that: A pile head is provided on the top of the pile foundation, a groove is provided on the side of the pile head, a corbel is provided at the bottom of the pile head, a reserved opening matching with the pile head is provided on the prefabricated bottom plate, a vertical baffle extending upward is provided on one side of the prefabricated bottom plate, a lower vertical plate extending downward is provided on the other side of the prefabricated bottom plate, the prefabricated bottom plate is placed horizontally, the reserved opening on the prefabricated bottom plate passes through the pile foundation, the lower vertical plate is inserted into the soil close to the pile foundation, the prefabricated bottom plate is mounted on the corbel of the pile foundation, the pile head extends out to the top of the prefabricated bottom plate, fasteners are installed in the grooves on both sides of the pile head, the fastener tenons are tightly fitted with the grooves on the sides of the pile head, the bottom of the fastener is against the bottom plate, the pile head kit is sleeved on the periphery of the pile head and the fastener, so that the three form a whole, the pile head is locked on the bottom plate, an effective connection between the prefabricated pile foundation and the prefabricated bottom plate is formed, and clay soil is backfilled above the prefabricated bottom plate to form a slope. The vertical baffle of the prefabricated base plate forms a retaining wall, the upper slope is planted with turf for slope protection, and emergent plants are planted on the beach in front of the retaining wall. The pile foundation adopts prefabricated square piles with a cross-sectional size of 300mm*300mm. The pile foundation corbel is 600mm away from the pile top, 400mm high, 100mm wide, and the groove on the side of the pile head is 100mm high and 50mm deep; the fastener is L-shaped, 200mm high, 100mm wide at the top, 150mm wide at the bottom, and a fastener protrusion is formed at the bottom of the fastener; a square hole is provided in the middle of the pile head kit, and its edge is 50mm thick; the prefabricated base plate is 3m long, 0.9m wide, and 400mm high, the lower vertical plate is 1m long and 200mm thick, the vertical baffle is 0.5m long and 200mm thick, the reserved opening spacing is 1m, and the opening side length is 350mm.

2. The assembled revetment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The assembled revetment is suitable for a river channel where the elevation of the rear land is higher than the designed high water level of the river channel.

3. A method for constructing an assembled revetment, characterized in that The construction method comprises the following steps: A. Making pile foundation, prefabricated bottom plate, fasteners and pile head kit, wherein the pile foundation is provided with a pile head at the top, a groove is provided at the side of the pile head, a corbel is provided at the bottom of the pile head, an opening is provided at the prefabricated bottom plate to match the pile head, a vertical baffle extending upward is provided at one side of the prefabricated bottom plate, a lower vertical plate extending downward is provided at the other side of the prefabricated bottom plate, the fastener is provided with a fastener tenon matching with the groove at the side of the pile head, and the pile head kit is provided with a square hole matching with the pile head and the fastener; B. The pile foundation is driven into the soil according to the designed pile position and elevation, ensuring that the orientation of the pile foundation is consistent with the opening of the standard prefabricated base plate; C. Excavate and level the foundation trench, place the prefabricated bottom plate horizontally, reserve openings to pass through the pile foundation, insert the lower vertical plate into the soil close to the pile foundation, place the prefabricated bottom plate on the pile foundation bracket, and extend the pile head above the prefabricated bottom plate; D. Install fasteners in the grooves on both sides of the pile head. The fastener tenons fit tightly with the grooves on the sides of the pile head. The bottom of the fastener abuts against the bottom plate. The pile head kit is put on the periphery of the pile head and the fastener to form a whole, locking the pile head on the bottom plate. E. Clay is backfilled on top of the prefabricated base plate to form a slope, the vertical baffle of the prefabricated base plate forms a retaining wall, turf is planted on the upper slope to protect the slope, and emergent plants are planted on the beach in front of the retaining wall.

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