A wastewater neutralization circulation device and method for crushing and sorting waste lead-acid batteries

Abstract

A wastewater neutralization circulation device and method for crushing and sorting waste lead-acid batteries belongs to the field of comprehensive recycling of waste lead-acid batteries. The neutralization tank of the device outputs to a multi-stage sedimentation tank, the sedimentation slurry pump is connected to the multi-stage sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation slurry pump is transported to the neutralization tank; the multi-stage sedimentation tank is connected to the reaction tank; the crushing and sorting machine is connected to the sorting lead mud pump, and the sorting lead mud pump is connected to the reaction tank; the reaction tank is connected to the input port of the lead mud pump, and the lead mud pump is connected to the lead mud filter press; the lead mud filter press is connected to the acid tank; the acid tank is connected to the acid-resistant water pump, and the acid-resistant water pump is connected to the precision filter press; the precision filter press is connected to the neutralization tank; the slurry pump is connected to the neutralization tank, and the slurry pump is connected to the gypsum filter press; the gypsum filter press is connected to the neutralization tank; the lime silo transports the lime slurry to the slurry mixing tank through the ball mill, and the slurry mixing tank is transported to the neutralization tank. Advantages: convenient process operation, simple equipment structure, simple operation and maintenance, low operating cost, high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of comprehensive recycling of waste lead-acid batteries, and in particular to a wastewater neutralization circulation device and method for crushing and sorting waste lead-acid batteries. Background Art

[0002] Lead-acid batteries are the most widely used and produced batteries in the world. They consume more than 85% of the world's total lead consumption. my country's lead-acid battery industry entered a period of vigorous development in the 1990s. With the development of the national economy, its market will continue to expand, with automobiles, motorcycles, electric bicycles, electricity, and communications as the main targets. The greater the output of lead-acid batteries, the more lead-acid batteries will need to be scrapped and updated. From an environmental protection perspective, lead-acid batteries are also the most harmful to the environment and human health. In terms of the production and recycling of recycled lead, there are many sources of raw materials, more than 90% of which come from waste lead-acid batteries. According to statistics, the number of waste lead-acid batteries produced in 2019 will reach 4.5 million tons. A large amount of data shows that every 100kg of automotive lead-acid batteries crushed and decomposed will produce 18-20kg of waste dilute acid, with a sulfuric acid content of 10-30%.

[0003] In the treatment of waste lead-acid batteries, the state has promulgated regulations such as "Entry Conditions for Lead and Zinc Industry", "Clean Production Standards for Waste Lead-acid Battery Lead Recycling Industry", and "Technical Specifications for Pollution Control of Waste Lead-acid Battery Treatment", which strictly require enterprises to crush and sort waste lead-acid batteries for pre-treatment. After the waste lead-acid batteries are crushed by the automatic crushing and sorting system, the following four components are produced: waste lead grid, lead mud, waste plastic and separator paper.

[0004] In the process of crushing and sorting batteries, a large amount of waste acid water containing lead and other metal ions is often produced. If these wastewaters are discharged without treatment, they will have a great impact on the environment. How to recycle the wastewater generated in the crushing and sorting process, save water, reduce the emission of lead pollution, and improve the recovery efficiency of lead in batteries is one of the problems that need to be solved at present. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wastewater neutralization circulation device and method for crushing and sorting waste lead-acid batteries, so as to solve the problems of lead pollution discharge and low recovery efficiency in the process of treating waste lead-acid batteries.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved in this way: the present invention comprises a wastewater neutralization circulation device for crushing and sorting waste lead-acid batteries and a sorting circulation method based on the wastewater neutralization circulation device.

[0007] The wastewater neutralization circulation device includes: a neutralization tank, a reaction tank, a multi-stage precipitation tank, an acid tank, a lead mud filter press, a precision filter press, a gypsum filter press, a crushing and sorting machine, a ball mill, a lead mud pump, a sorting lead mud pump, a mud pump, a sedimentation mud pump, an acid-resistant pump, a lime silo and a slurry mixing tank;

[0008] The output port at the upper end of the neutralization tank is output to the multi-stage sedimentation tank through a pipeline, the input end of the sedimentation mud pump is connected to the bottom of the multi-stage sedimentation tank through a pipeline, and the output end of the sedimentation mud pump is transported to the neutralization tank through a pipeline;

[0009] The output port at the upper end of the multi-stage precipitation tank is connected to the upper inlet end of the reaction tank through a pipeline;

[0010] The output port of the crushing and sorting machine is connected to the input port of the lead mud sorting pump through a pipeline, and the output port of the lead mud sorting pump is connected to the upper inlet end of the reaction tank through a pipeline; the bottom of the reaction tank is connected to the input port of the lead mud pump through a pipeline, and the output port of the lead mud pump is connected to the feed port of the lead mud filter press through a pipeline;

[0011] The solid discharge port of the lead mud filter press outputs the lead mud, and the liquid discharge port of the lead mud filter press is connected to the upper inlet end of the acid tank through a pipeline;

[0012] The output port at the upper end of the acid tank is connected to the input port of the acid-resistant water pump through a pipeline, and the output port of the acid-resistant water pump is connected to the feed port of the precision filter press through a pipeline;

[0013] The solid discharge port of the precision filter press outputs lead mud, and the liquid discharge port of the precision filter press is connected to the upper inlet end of the neutralization tank through a pipeline;

[0014] The input end of the mud pump is connected to the bottom of the neutralization tank through a pipeline, and the output end of the mud pump is connected to the feed port of the gypsum filter press through a pipeline;

[0015] The solid discharge port of the gypsum filter press outputs gypsum, and the liquid discharge port of the gypsum filter press outputs gypsum to the upper inlet end of the neutralization tank through a pipeline;

[0016] The lime silo feeds the ball mill, the output of the ball mill is transported to the slurry mixing tank, and the discharge port of the slurry mixing tank is transported to the upper inlet of the neutralization tank through a pipeline.

[0017] The neutralization tank comprises an inner tank, an outer tank and a stirrer; the inner tank is located inside the outer tank, the stirrer passes through the inner tank and the outer tank, and the stirring blades are located at the bottom of the outer tank.

[0018] The reaction tank and the slurry mixing tank have the same structure, both comprising a tank body and an agitator; the agitator is installed in the tank body, and the agitator blades are located at the bottom of the tank body; there are slurry discharge ports at the bottom of the reaction tank and the slurry mixing tank.

[0019] The multi-stage sedimentation tank is larger than the two-stage sedimentation tank; a liquid discharge port is provided at the upper end of the first-stage sedimentation tank, and a mud discharge port is provided at the bottom of the last stage.

[0020] The specific steps of the separation and circulation method based on the wastewater neutralization circulation device are as follows:

[0021] Step 1, using lime as a neutralizing agent, grinding the lime into a slurry with a mesh size of less than 200 by a ball mill, and adding water into a slurry mixing tank to stir and adjust the slurry to a solid content of 5-10%;

[0022] Step 2, the lead slurry generated by crushing and sorting the waste lead-acid batteries by the crushing and sorting machine is pumped into the reaction tank through the lead slurry pump, and the alkaline supernatant of the multi-stage precipitation tank is simultaneously input into the reaction tank, and the lead slurry and the alkaline supernatant react in the reaction tank; the slurry is fully stirred and adjusted, and reacted until the pH value is less than 5; the lead slurry that meets the standard in the reaction tank is pumped into the lead slurry filter press through the lead slurry pump for solid-liquid separation; after the solid-liquid separation, the lead slurry with a moisture content of less than 9% is discharged as a filter cake, and the generated acidic filtrate enters the acid liquid tank for temporary storage;

[0023] Step 3, pumping the acidic filtrate in the acid tank into a precision filter press through an acid-resistant pump for secondary filtration to further remove suspended lead mud and fine matter in the filtrate and prevent lead-containing matter from entering the neutralization tank;

[0024] Step 4, the acidic filtrate of the secondary filter press enters the inner tank of the neutralization tank, and undergoes a neutralization reaction with the lime slurry in the inner tank, and is fully stirred to adjust the pH value to be greater than 12; the neutralized liquid produced after the neutralization reaction flows into the multi-stage precipitation tank through the outer tank; the produced gypsum slurry is pumped into the gypsum filter press by a mud pump for solid-liquid separation; the gypsum produced by the solid-liquid separation is discharged, and the produced filter press water returns to the inner tank of the neutralization tank to continue to participate in the neutralization reaction;

[0025] Step 5, the alkaline neutralization liquid flowing into the multi-stage precipitation tank is subjected to multi-stage precipitation, the precipitate is pumped into the inner tank of the neutralization tank by a sedimentation slurry pump, and the supernatant enters the reaction tank to participate in the reaction of the lead slurry.

[0026] Beneficial effect: Due to the adoption of the above scheme, crushed lime is used to neutralize the waste acid water generated in the crushed waste lead-acid batteries, and the gypsum produced during the neutralization treatment is used as a building material, turning waste into treasure; the neutralized water produced after the neutralization treatment is reused to achieve zero emission, thereby greatly reducing pollution to the environment.

[0027] 1. The wastewater neutralization circulation device and method are safe and environmentally friendly, can operate continuously and efficiently, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and are easy to implement. They overcome the problem of long sedimentation time in traditional treatment, are suitable for acidic wastewater treatment, can reduce environmental pressure, and reduce environmental pollution;

[0028] 2. The waste acid water generated during the crushing and sorting process can be neutralized in time, and the production water is alkaline, which solves the problem of waste acid water corroding the crushing equipment; at the same time, the waste acid water will not accumulate, and will not increase the proportion of production water. It is easy to fully separate the plastic and the lead grid, and the sorting effect is good;

[0029] 3. During the entire production process, water can be recycled and there will be no discharge of lead-containing wastewater. It is zero-emission and saves water, which has excellent economic and environmental benefits.

[0030] 4. The gypsum produced by neutralization meets national standards and can be used as building materials, turning waste into treasure.

[0031] The problems of lead pollution emission and low recovery efficiency in the process of treating waste lead-acid batteries are solved, thereby achieving the purpose of the present invention.

[0032] Advantages: convenient process operation, simple equipment structure, easy operation and maintenance, low operating cost, high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circulation device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a process flow chart of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure, 1. neutralization tank; 2. reaction tank; 3. multi-stage sedimentation tank; 4. acid tank; 5. lead mud filter press; 6. precision filter press; 7. gypsum filter press; 8. crushing and sorting machine; 9. ball mill; 10. lead mud pump; 11. sorting lead mud pump; 12. mud pump; 13. sedimentation mud pump; 14. acid-resistant pump; 15. lime silo; 16. slurry mixing tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Embodiment 1: The present invention includes a wastewater neutralization circulation device for crushing and sorting waste lead-acid batteries and a sorting and circulation method based on the wastewater neutralization circulation device.

[0037] The wastewater neutralization circulation device comprises: a neutralization tank 1, a reaction tank 2, a multi-stage precipitation tank 3, an acid tank 4, a lead mud filter press 5, a precision filter press 6, a gypsum filter press 7, a crushing and sorting machine 8, a ball mill 9, a lead mud pump 10, a sorting lead mud pump 11, a mud pump 12, a sedimentation mud pump 13, an acid-resistant pump 14, a lime silo 15 and a slurry mixing tank 16;

[0038] The output port at the upper end of the neutralization tank 1 is output to the multi-stage sedimentation tank 3 through a pipeline, the input end of the sedimentation slurry pump 13 is connected to the bottom of the multi-stage sedimentation tank 3 through a pipeline, and the output end of the sedimentation slurry pump 13 is transported to the neutralization tank 1 through a pipeline;

[0039] The output port at the upper end of the multi-stage precipitation tank 3 is connected to the upper inlet end of the reaction tank 2 through a pipeline;

[0040] The output port of the crushing and sorting machine 8 is connected to the input port of the lead mud sorting pump 11 through a pipeline, and the output port of the lead mud sorting pump 11 is connected to the upper inlet end of the reaction tank 2 through a pipeline; the bottom of the reaction tank 2 is connected to the input port of the lead mud pump 10 through a pipeline, and the output port of the lead mud pump 10 is connected to the feed port of the lead mud filter press 5 through a pipeline;

[0041] The solid discharge port of the lead mud filter press 5 outputs the lead mud, and the liquid discharge port of the lead mud filter press 5 is connected to the upper inlet end of the acid tank 4 through a pipeline;

[0042] The output port at the upper end of the acid liquid tank 4 is connected to the input port of the acid-resistant water pump 14 through a pipeline, and the output port of the acid-resistant water pump 14 is connected to the feed port of the precision filter press 6 through a pipeline;

[0043] The solid discharge port of the precision filter press 6 outputs lead mud, and the liquid discharge port of the precision filter press 6 is connected to the upper inlet end of the neutralization tank 1 through a pipeline;

[0044] The input end of the mud pump 12 is connected to the bottom of the neutralization tank 1 through a pipeline, and the output end of the mud pump 12 is connected to the feed port of the gypsum filter press 7 through a pipeline;

[0045] The solid discharge port of the gypsum filter press 7 outputs gypsum, and the liquid discharge port of the gypsum filter press 7 outputs gypsum to the upper inlet end of the neutralization tank 1 through a pipeline;

[0046] The lime silo 15 supplies the ball mill 9 , and the output of the ball mill 9 is transported to the slurry mixing tank 16 . The discharge port of the slurry mixing tank 16 is transported to the upper inlet end of the neutralization tank 1 through a pipeline.

[0047] The neutralization tank 1 comprises an inner tank, an outer tank and a stirrer; the inner tank is located inside the outer tank, the stirrer passes through the inner tank and the outer tank, and the stirring blades are located at the bottom of the outer tank.

[0048] The reaction tank 2 and the slurry mixing tank 16 have the same structure, both comprising a tank body and an agitator; the agitator is installed in the tank body, and the agitator blades are located at the bottom of the tank body; there are slurry discharge ports at the bottom of the reaction tank 2 and the slurry mixing tank 16.

[0049] The multi-stage sedimentation tank 3 is larger than the two-stage sedimentation tank; a liquid discharge port is provided at the upper end of the first-stage sedimentation tank, and a mud discharge port is provided at the bottom of the last stage.

[0050] The separation and circulation method based on the wastewater neutralization and circulation device has the following specific steps:

[0051] Step 1, using lime as a neutralizing agent, grinding the lime into a slurry of less than 200 meshes through a ball mill 9, entering a slurry mixing tank 16, adding water and stirring to form a slurry with a solid content of 5-10%;

[0052] Step 2, the lead slurry generated by crushing and sorting the waste lead-acid batteries by the crushing and sorting machine 8 is pumped into the reaction tank 2 through the lead slurry pump 11, and the alkaline supernatant of the multi-stage precipitation tank 3 is simultaneously input into the reaction tank 2, and the lead slurry and the alkaline supernatant react in the reaction tank 2; the slurry is fully stirred and adjusted, and reacted until the pH value is less than 5; the lead slurry that meets the standard in the reaction tank 2 is pumped into the lead slurry filter press 5 through the lead slurry pump 11 for solid-liquid separation; after the solid-liquid separation, the lead slurry with a moisture content of less than 9% is discharged as a filter cake, and the generated acidic filtrate enters the acid liquid tank 4 for temporary storage;

[0053] Step 3, pumping the acidic filtrate in the acid tank 4 into the precision filter press 6 through the acid-resistant pump 14 for secondary filtration, further removing the suspended lead mud and fine matter in the filtrate, and preventing the lead-containing matter from entering the neutralization tank 1;

[0054] Step 4, the acidic filtrate of the secondary filter press enters the inner tank of the neutralization tank 1, and undergoes a neutralization reaction with the lime slurry in the inner tank, and is fully stirred to adjust the pH value to be greater than 12; the neutralized liquid produced after the neutralization reaction flows into the multi-stage precipitation tank 3 through the outer tank; the produced gypsum slurry is pumped into the gypsum filter press 7 through the mud pump 12 for solid-liquid separation; the gypsum produced by the solid-liquid separation is discharged, and the produced filter press water returns to the inner tank of the neutralization tank 1 to continue to participate in the neutralization reaction;

[0055] Step 5, the alkaline neutralization liquid flowing into the multi-stage precipitation tank 3 is subjected to multi-stage precipitation, and the precipitate is pumped into the inner tank of the neutralization tank 1 through the sedimentation slurry pump 13, and the supernatant enters the reaction tank 2 to participate in the reaction of the lead slurry.

Claims

1. A wastewater neutralization and circulation device for crushing and sorting waste lead-acid batteries, Its characteristics are: wastewater The neutralization circulation device includes: neutralization tank, reaction tank, multi-stage precipitation tank, acid tank, lead mud filter press, precision filter press, gypsum filter press, crushing and sorting machine, ball mill, lead mud pump, sorting lead mud pump, mud pump, sedimentation mud pump, acid-resistant pump, lime silo and slurry mixing tank; The output port at the upper end of the neutralization tank is output to the multi-stage sedimentation tank through a pipeline, the input end of the sedimentation mud pump is connected to the bottom of the multi-stage sedimentation tank through a pipeline, and the output end of the sedimentation mud pump is transported to the neutralization tank through a pipeline; The output port at the upper end of the multi-stage precipitation tank is connected to the upper inlet end of the reaction tank through a pipeline; The output port of the crushing and sorting machine is connected to the input port of the lead mud sorting pump through a pipeline, and the output port of the lead mud sorting pump is connected to the upper inlet end of the reaction tank through a pipeline; the bottom of the reaction tank is connected to the input port of the lead mud pump through a pipeline, and the output port of the lead mud pump is connected to the feed port of the lead mud filter press through a pipeline; The solid discharge port of the lead mud filter press outputs the lead mud, and the liquid discharge port of the lead mud filter press is connected to the upper inlet end of the acid tank through a pipeline; The output port at the upper end of the acid tank is connected to the input port of the acid-resistant water pump through a pipeline, and the output port of the acid-resistant water pump is connected to the feed port of the precision filter press through a pipeline; The solid discharge port of the precision filter press outputs lead mud, and the liquid discharge port of the precision filter press is connected to the upper inlet end of the neutralization tank through a pipeline; The input end of the mud pump is connected to the bottom of the neutralization tank through a pipeline, and the output end of the mud pump is connected to the feed port of the gypsum filter press through a pipeline; The solid discharge port of the gypsum filter press outputs gypsum, and the liquid discharge port of the gypsum filter press outputs gypsum to the upper inlet end of the neutralization tank through a pipeline; The lime silo feeds the ball mill, and the output of the ball mill is transported to the slurry mixing tank. The outlet of the slurry mixing tank is transported to the upper inlet of the neutralization tank through a pipeline; The neutralization tank comprises an inner tank, an outer tank and a stirrer; the inner tank is located inside the outer tank, the stirrer passes through the inner tank and the outer tank, and the stirring blades are located at the bottom of the outer tank; The reaction tank and the slurry mixing tank have the same structure, both comprising a tank body and an agitator; the agitator is installed in the tank body, and the agitator blades are located at the bottom of the tank body; there are slurry discharge ports at the bottom of the reaction tank and the slurry mixing tank.

2. A wastewater neutralization and circulation device for crushing and sorting waste lead-acid batteries according to claim 1, Its characteristics are: The multi-stage sedimentation tank is larger than the two-stage sedimentation tank; a liquid discharge port is provided at the upper end of the first-stage sedimentation tank, and a mud discharge port is provided at the bottom of the last stage.

3. A method for neutralizing and circulating wastewater from crushing and sorting waste lead-acid batteries according to claim 1, Its characteristics are: The specific steps of the separation and circulation method based on the wastewater neutralization circulation device are as follows: Step 1, using lime as a neutralizing agent, grinding the lime into a slurry with a mesh size of less than 200 by a ball mill, and adding water into a slurry mixing tank to stir and adjust the slurry to a solid content of 5-10%; Step 2: the lead slurry generated by crushing and sorting the waste lead-acid batteries by a crushing and sorting machine is pumped into a reaction tank through a lead slurry pump, and the alkaline supernatant of the multi-stage precipitation tank is simultaneously input into the reaction tank, and the lead slurry and the alkaline supernatant react in the reaction tank; the slurry is fully stirred and adjusted, and reacted until the pH value is less than 5; the lead slurry that meets the standard in the reaction tank is pumped into a lead slurry filter press through a lead slurry pump for solid-liquid separation; after solid-liquid separation, the lead slurry with a moisture content of less than 9% is discharged as a filter cake, and the generated acidic filtrate enters an acid liquid tank for temporary storage; Step 3, pumping the acidic filtrate in the acid tank into a precision filter press through an acid-resistant pump for secondary filtration to further remove suspended lead mud and fine matter in the filtrate and prevent lead-containing matter from entering the neutralization tank; Step 4, the acidic filtrate of the secondary filter press enters the inner tank of the neutralization tank, and undergoes a neutralization reaction with the lime slurry in the inner tank, and is fully stirred to adjust the pH value to be greater than 12; the neutralized liquid produced after the neutralization reaction flows into the multi-stage precipitation tank through the outer tank; the produced gypsum slurry is pumped into the gypsum filter press by a mud pump for solid-liquid separation; the gypsum produced by the solid-liquid separation is discharged, and the produced filter press water returns to the inner tank of the neutralization tank to continue to participate in the neutralization reaction; Step 5, the alkaline neutralization liquid flowing into the multi-stage precipitation tank is subjected to multi-stage precipitation, the precipitate is pumped into the inner tank of the neutralization tank by a sedimentation slurry pump, and the supernatant enters the reaction tank to participate in the reaction of the lead slurry.

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