An ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore lifting system and method

Abstract

An ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore lifting system and method, the system includes a blind shaft, a main shaft, an auxiliary shaft, a shaft bottom transport tunnel, an ore transfer tunnel and an ore transfer yard, the blind shaft serves as a buoyancy transport channel, the main shaft serves as a mechanical transport channel, a pressure balance chamber is provided between the blind shaft and the shaft bottom transport tunnel, the ore transfer tunnel is connected to the ore transfer yard through a chute, the ore transfer tunnel is connected to the auxiliary shaft, and the ore transfer yard is connected to the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft. The method is as follows: the ore bin and the buoyancy bin are moved into the pressure balance chamber, the pressure balance chamber is sealed and filled with water and then pressurized to the bottom pressure of the blind shaft, the ore bin and the buoyancy bin are moved into the blind shaft, the ore bin is driven by buoyancy to float to the mouth of the blind shaft, the ore is dropped through the chute, the empty ore bin and the buoyancy bin are returned to the bottom transportation level tunnel through the auxiliary shaft for standby, the ore is dropped into the mine car through the chute, the mine car is transferred to the ground through the main shaft to unload the ore, and the empty mine car returns to the ore transfer yard through the auxiliary shaft for standby.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of underground mining, and in particular relates to an ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore lifting system and method. Background Art

[0002] With the depletion of shallow resources, deep well mining at the kilometer level will be almost the only way to obtain mineral resources in the future. In the process of underground deep well mining, the mined ore needs to be transported from the deep well to the surface. At present, the main ore lifting system is the wire rope friction wheel. As an important component of the ore lifting system, the wire rope is related to the safety and economy of the operation of the ore lifting system.

[0003] However, in deep wells exceeding one kilometer, the weight of the wire rope of the traditional ore lifting system will increase with the increase of the well depth. Due to the huge weight of the wire rope, the output power of the traditional ore lifting system is consumed in the lifting of the wire rope, and the effective power that can be allocated to ore lifting is greatly reduced, resulting in a low single ore carrying capacity, thereby reducing the overall ore transportation efficiency and causing the ore lifting cost to remain high.

[0004] In addition, when the wire rope of the traditional ore lifting system is adapted to a well depth of more than one kilometer, due to the long length and high deadweight of the wire rope, problems such as unbalanced force, friction creep, and local fatigue of the wire rope will become increasingly prominent, further reducing the service life of the wire rope. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore lifting system and method, in which a buoyancy transportation channel is formed by combining the ultra-deep shaft with the water used in underground mining operations. The ore lifting process is completely achieved by buoyancy, without consuming energy, and the single ore carrying capacity is large. Only the hoist is configured at the lifting end, and the ore is transported to the ground by the hoist, which greatly improves the overall ore transportation efficiency and further reduces the ore lifting cost.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore lifting system, including an ore bin, a buoyancy bin, a blind shaft, a grab crane, a chute, a vibrating ore-dropping machine, a mine car, a main shaft, an auxiliary shaft, a main shaft hoist, an auxiliary shaft hoist, a main shaft cage, an auxiliary shaft cage, a shaft bottom transportation lane, an ore transfer lane and an ore transfer yard; the ore bin and the buoyancy bin are stored in the shaft bottom transportation lane; the shaft bottom end of the blind shaft is at the same elevation as the shaft bottom transportation lane, and the shaft mouth end of the blind shaft is at the same elevation as the ore transfer lane; the blind shaft serves as a buoyancy transportation channel, and the blind shaft is filled with water from underground mining operations; the grab crane is arranged in the ore transfer lane and is located above the shaft mouth of the blind shaft; the upper shaft of the chute The opening is connected with the ore transfer tunnel, and the lower opening of the chute is connected with the ore transfer yard; the vibrating ore discharger is arranged in the ore transfer yard and is located below the lower opening of the chute; the ore car is stored in the ore transfer yard; the ore transfer tunnel is connected with the auxiliary shaft; the ore transfer yard is connected with the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft; the main shaft hoist is arranged on the ground and is located above the upper opening of the main shaft, and the lower opening of the main shaft is connected with the bottom transportation tunnel; the main shaft cage is located in the main shaft, and the main shaft cage is hoisted and connected to the wire rope of the main shaft hoist; the auxiliary shaft hoist is arranged on the ground and is located above the upper opening of the auxiliary shaft, and the lower opening of the auxiliary shaft is connected with the bottom transportation tunnel; the auxiliary shaft cage is located in the auxiliary shaft, and the auxiliary shaft cage is hoisted and connected to the wire rope of the auxiliary shaft hoist.

[0007] The inner wall of the shaft of the blind shaft is constructed with a lining layer that is resistant to high pressure and water seepage.

[0008] A pressure balance chamber is arranged in the bottom transport tunnel, a first gate is arranged between the pressure balance chamber and the bottom transport tunnel, and a second gate is arranged between the pressure balance chamber and the blind shaft; the pressure balance chamber serves as a transfer chamber for the ore bin and the buoyancy bin to enter the blind shaft.

[0009] A pressurized equipment chamber is provided in the bottom transport tunnel, and a water pump, a water storage bin, a water suction pipe, a drainage pipe, a return pipe, an air compressor and an air pipe are provided in the pressurized equipment chamber; the water inlet of the water pump is connected with the water storage bin through the water suction pipe, the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the pressure balance chamber through the drainage pipe, and the pressure balance chamber is connected with the water storage bin through the return pipe; the air compressor is connected with the pressure balance chamber through the air pipe.

[0010] A water supply valve, a check valve and an anti-pollution isolation valve are arranged in sequence on the drainage pipe between the water outlet of the water pump and the pressure balance chamber; a buffer tank, a filter and an air valve are arranged in sequence on the air pipe between the air compressor and the pressure balance chamber; and a return valve is arranged on the return pipe between the pressure balance chamber and the water storage tank.

[0011] A first pressure sensor is arranged in the blind shaft; a second pressure sensor is arranged in the pressure balance chamber; a pressure balance pipe is arranged between the pressure balance chamber and the blind shaft, a pressure reducing valve is arranged on the pressure balance pipe, a water inlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the blind shaft, and a water outlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the pressure balance chamber.

[0012] An emergency pressure relief water storage chamber is also provided in the bottom transport tunnel, and a third gate is provided between the emergency pressure relief water storage chamber and the blind shaft.

[0013] A track wheel is arranged at the bottom of the ore bin, and a lifting ring is arranged at the top of the ore bin; a hook is arranged at the bottom of the buoyancy bin, and the buoyancy bin is hung and matched with the lifting ring at the top of the ore bin through the bottom hook; a guide wheel is arranged at the top of the buoyancy bin, and a guide rail is arranged at the top of the pressure balance chamber, and the buoyancy bin is moved and matched with the guide rail at the top of the pressure balance chamber through the guide wheel.

[0014] The number of buoyancy bins connected to the ore bin is at least one; when the number of the buoyancy bins is multiple, the multiple buoyancy bins are connected in series, and the ore carrying capacity of the ore bin is adapted by adjusting the number of the buoyancy bins connected in series.

[0015] An ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction method, using the ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system, comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Open the first gate, first move the ore bin loaded with ore into the pressure balance chamber through the track wheel, then move the buoyancy bin into the pressure balance chamber through the guide wheel, so that the buoyancy bin is located directly above the ore bin, and then hang the buoyancy bin and the ore bin together;

[0017] Step 2: Close the first gate, the pressure balance chamber is sealed, then open the water supply valve and the air valve, and then start the water pump and the air compressor. The air compressor draws air out of the pressure balance chamber, and at the same time the water pump pumps the water from the water storage tank into the pressure balance chamber until the pressure balance chamber is filled with water. At this time, close the water supply valve and the air valve, and turn off the water pump and the air compressor at the same time;

[0018] Step 3: Open the pressure reducing valve to connect the pressure balance chamber with the blind shaft. The water pressure in the pressure balance chamber will gradually increase. When the bottom pressure of the blind shaft monitored by the first pressure sensor is equal to the pressure in the pressure balance chamber monitored by the second pressure sensor, it means that the pressure balance chamber and the blind shaft are balanced. At this time, close the pressure reducing valve.

[0019] Step 4: Open the second gate, and then move the buoyancy bin and the ore bin that are connected together out of the pressure balance chamber and into the blind shaft. Then, the buoyancy output by the buoyancy bin drives the ore bin to be lifted until the ore bin is lifted to the wellhead end of the blind shaft.

[0020] Step 5: After the buoyancy bin and the ore bin that are connected together move out of the pressure balance chamber together, close the second gate, the pressure balance chamber is re-sealed, then open the return valve and the air valve, and start the air compressor at the same time. The air compressor pumps external air into the pressure balance chamber, and the water in the pressure balance chamber returns to the water storage bin through the return pipe until all the water in the pressure balance chamber is drained. At this time, close the return valve and the air valve, and turn off the air compressor at the same time. Finally, open the first gate to prepare for the next ore bin to enter the pressure balance chamber;

[0021] Step 6: After the ore bin is lifted to the shaft end of the blind shaft, start the grab crane, and transfer the buoyancy bin and the ore bin to the ore transfer tunnel by the grab crane. When the buoyancy bin and the ore bin are moved to the upper shaft end of the chute, the ore bin is left at the upper shaft end of the chute for ore dropping, and the buoyancy bin is first unhooked from the ore bin, and then moved to the auxiliary shaft cage, and finally driven by the auxiliary shaft hoist to return to the bottom transportation tunnel along the auxiliary shaft for standby use;

[0022] Step 7: After the ore bin has finished dropping into the chute, the empty ore bin also needs to be moved to the auxiliary shaft cage, and then the auxiliary shaft hoist drives the auxiliary shaft cage along the auxiliary shaft back to the bottom of the shaft for transportation to the horizontal lane for standby;

[0023] Step 8: The ore falling into the chute will first enter the vibrating ore-discharging machine, and then the vibrating ore-discharging machine will evenly discharge the ore into the mine car in the ore transfer yard. The mine car loaded with ore will then be moved to the main shaft cage, and then the main shaft hoist will drive the main shaft cage to move along the main shaft to the ground, and the ore in the mine car will be unloaded on the ground. The empty mine car will then be moved to the auxiliary shaft cage, and finally the auxiliary shaft hoist will drive the auxiliary shaft cage along the auxiliary shaft back to the ore transfer yard for standby.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] The ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore lifting system and method of the present invention forms a buoyancy transportation channel by combining the ultra-deep shaft with the water used in underground mining operations. The ore lifting process is completely achieved by buoyancy, without consuming energy, and has a large single ore carrying capacity. Only the hoist is configured at the lifting end, and the ore is transported to the ground by the hoist, which greatly improves the overall ore transportation efficiency and further reduces the ore lifting cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system of the present invention;

[0027] In the figure, 1 is an ore bin, 2 is a buoyancy bin, 3 is a blind shaft, 4 is a grab crane, 5 is a chute, 6 is a vibrating ore loader, 7 is a mine car, 8 is a main shaft, 9 is a secondary shaft, 10 is a main shaft hoist, 11 is a secondary shaft hoist, 12 is a main shaft cage, 13 is a secondary shaft cage, 14 is a bottom transport tunnel, 15 is an ore transfer tunnel, 16 is an ore transfer yard, 17 is a pressure balance chamber, 18 is the first gate, 19 is the second gate, 20 is Water pump, 21—water storage tank, 22—water suction pipe, 23—drainage pipe, 24—return pipe, 25—air compressor, 26—air pipe, 27—water supply valve, 28—check valve, 29—anti-pollution isolation valve, 30—buffer tank, 31—filter, 32—air valve, 33—return valve, 34—first pressure sensor, 35—second pressure sensor, 36—pressure balance pipe, 37—pressure reducing valve, 38—emergency pressure relief water storage chamber, 39—third gate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, an ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore lifting system comprises an ore bin 1, a buoyancy bin 2, a blind shaft 3, a grab crane 4, a chute 5, a vibrating ore placing machine 6, a mine car 7, a main shaft 8, an auxiliary shaft 9, a main shaft hoist 10, an auxiliary shaft hoist 11, a main shaft cage 12, an auxiliary shaft cage 13, a shaft bottom transport tunnel 14, an ore transfer tunnel 15 and an ore transfer yard 16; the ore bin 1 and the buoyancy bin 2 are stored in the shaft bottom transport tunnel 14, and the ore transfer tunnel 15 is provided. The mine car 7 is stored in the mine transfer yard 16; the ore transfer tunnel 15 is connected to the auxiliary shaft 9; the ore transfer yard 16 is connected to the main shaft 8 and the auxiliary shaft 9; the main shaft hoist 10 is arranged on the ground and is located above the upper wellhead of the main shaft 8, and the lower wellhead of the main shaft 8 is connected to the ore transfer yard 16; the mine car 7 is stored in the ore transfer yard 16; the ore transfer tunnel 15 is connected to the auxiliary shaft 9; the ore transfer yard 16 is connected to the main shaft 8 and the auxiliary shaft 9; the main shaft hoist 10 is arranged on the ground and is located above the upper wellhead of the main shaft 8, and the lower wellhead of the main shaft 8 is connected to the ore transfer yard 16; the mine car 7 is stored in the ore transfer yard 16; the ore transfer tunnel 15 is connected to the auxiliary shaft 9; the ore transfer yard 16 is connected to the main shaft 8 and the auxiliary shaft 9; the main shaft hoist 10 is arranged on the ground and is located above the upper wellhead of the main shaft 8. The lower wellhead of the shaft 8 is connected to the shaft bottom transport horizontal tunnel 14; the main shaft cage 12 is located in the main vertical shaft 8, and the main shaft cage 12 is hoisted and connected to the wire rope of the main shaft hoist 10; the auxiliary shaft hoist 11 is set on the ground and located above the upper wellhead of the auxiliary vertical shaft 9, and the lower wellhead of the auxiliary vertical shaft 9 is connected to the shaft bottom transport horizontal tunnel 14; the auxiliary shaft cage 13 is located in the auxiliary vertical shaft 9, and the auxiliary shaft cage 13 is hoisted and connected to the wire rope of the auxiliary shaft hoist 11.

[0030] The inner wall of the shaft of the blind shaft 3 is constructed with a lining layer that is resistant to high pressure and water seepage.

[0031] A pressure balance chamber 17 is arranged in the bottom transport tunnel 14, a first gate 18 is arranged between the pressure balance chamber 17 and the bottom transport tunnel 14, and a second gate 19 is arranged between the pressure balance chamber 17 and the blind shaft 3; the pressure balance chamber 17 serves as a transfer chamber for the ore bin 1 and the buoyancy bin 2 to enter the blind shaft 3.

[0032] A pressurized equipment chamber is provided in the bottom transport tunnel 14, and a water pump 20, a water storage bin 21, a water suction pipe 22, a drainage pipe 23, a return pipe 24, an air compressor 25 and an air pipe 26 are provided in the pressurized equipment chamber; the water inlet of the water pump 20 is connected with the water storage bin 21 through the water suction pipe 22, the water outlet of the water pump 20 is connected with the pressure balance chamber 17 through the drainage pipe 23, and the pressure balance chamber 17 is connected with the water storage bin 21 through the return pipe 24; the air compressor 25 is connected with the pressure balance chamber 17 through the air pipe 26.

[0033] A water supply valve 27, a check valve 28 and an anti-pollution isolation valve 29 are sequentially arranged on the drainage pipe 23 between the water outlet of the water pump 20 and the pressure balance chamber 17; a buffer tank 30, a filter 31 and an air valve 32 are sequentially arranged on the air pipe 26 between the air compressor 25 and the pressure balance chamber 17; and a return valve 33 is arranged on the return pipe 24 between the pressure balance chamber 17 and the water storage tank 21.

[0034] A first pressure sensor 34 is arranged in the blind shaft 3; a second pressure sensor 35 is arranged in the pressure balance chamber 17; a pressure balance pipe 36 is arranged between the pressure balance chamber 17 and the blind shaft 3, and a pressure reducing valve 37 is arranged on the pressure balance pipe 36, the water inlet of the pressure reducing valve 37 is connected to the blind shaft 3, and the water outlet of the pressure reducing valve 37 is connected to the pressure balance chamber 17.

[0035] An emergency pressure relief water storage chamber 38 is also provided in the bottom transport tunnel 14, and a third gate 39 is provided between the emergency pressure relief water storage chamber 38 and the blind shaft 3. When a water seepage accident occurs or equipment fails in the blind shaft 3, the third gate 39 can be opened to discharge the water in the blind shaft 3 into the emergency pressure relief water storage chamber 38.

[0036] A track wheel is provided at the bottom of the ore bin 1, and a lifting ring is provided at the top of the ore bin 1; a hook is provided at the bottom of the buoyancy bin 2, and the buoyancy bin 2 is hung and cooperated with the lifting ring at the top of the ore bin 1 through the bottom hook, a guide wheel is provided at the top of the buoyancy bin 2, and a guide rail is provided at the top of the pressure balance chamber 17, and the buoyancy bin 2 moves and cooperates with the top guide rail of the pressure balance chamber 17 through the guide wheel.

[0037] There is at least one buoyancy bin 2 connected to the ore bin 1; when there are multiple buoyancy bins 2, the multiple buoyancy bins 2 are connected in series, and the ore carrying capacity of the ore bin 1 is adapted by adjusting the number of the serially connected buoyancy bins 2.

[0038] An ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction method, using the ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system, comprises the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Open the first gate 18, first move the ore bin 1 loaded with ore into the pressure balance chamber 17 through the track wheel, then move the buoyancy bin 2 into the pressure balance chamber 17 through the guide wheel, so that the buoyancy bin 2 is located directly above the ore bin 1, and then hang the buoyancy bin 2 and the ore bin 1 together;

[0040] Step 2: Close the first gate 18, the pressure balance chamber 17 is sealed, then open the water supply valve 27 and the air valve 32, and then start the water pump 20 and the air compressor 25, and the air compressor 25 extracts the air from the pressure balance chamber 17, and at the same time, the water pump 20 pumps the water in the water storage tank 21 into the pressure balance chamber 17 until the pressure balance chamber 17 is filled with water, then close the water supply valve 27 and the air valve 32, and at the same time, close the water pump 20 and the air compressor 25;

[0041] Step 3: Open the pressure reducing valve 37 to connect the pressure balance chamber 17 with the blind shaft 3. The water pressure in the pressure balance chamber 17 will gradually increase. When the bottom pressure of the blind shaft 3 monitored by the first pressure sensor 34 is equal to the pressure in the pressure balance chamber 17 monitored by the second pressure sensor 35, it means that the pressure balance between the pressure balance chamber 17 and the blind shaft 3 is achieved. At this time, close the pressure reducing valve 37.

[0042] Step 4: Open the second gate 19, and then move the buoyancy bin 2 and the ore bin 1, which are connected together, out of the pressure balance chamber 17 and into the blind shaft 3. Then, the buoyancy output by the buoyancy bin 2 drives the ore bin 1 to be lifted until the ore bin 1 is lifted to the wellhead end of the blind shaft 3.

[0043] Step 5: After the buoyancy chamber 2 and the ore chamber 1 that are connected together move out of the pressure balance chamber 17 together, the second gate 19 is closed, and the pressure balance chamber 17 is reclosed. Then, the return valve 33 and the air valve 32 are opened, and the air compressor 25 is started at the same time. The air compressor 25 pumps external air into the pressure balance chamber 17, and the water in the pressure balance chamber 17 returns to the water storage chamber 21 through the return pipe 24 until all the water in the pressure balance chamber 17 is drained. At this time, the return valve 33 and the air valve 32 are closed, and the air compressor 25 is turned off at the same time. Finally, the first gate 18 is opened to prepare for the next time that the ore chamber 1 enters the pressure balance chamber 17;

[0044] Step 6: After the ore bin 1 is lifted to the wellhead end of the blind shaft 3, the grab crane 4 is started, and the buoyancy bin 2 and the ore bin 1 are transferred to the ore transfer tunnel 15 by the grab crane 4. When the buoyancy bin 2 and the ore bin 1 are moved to the upper wellhead of the chute 5, the ore bin 1 is left at the upper wellhead of the chute 5 for ore dropping, and the buoyancy bin 2 is first unhooked from the ore bin 1, and then moved to the auxiliary shaft cage 13, and finally the auxiliary shaft hoist 11 drives the auxiliary shaft cage 13 along the auxiliary shaft 9 back to the bottom transportation tunnel 14 for standby;

[0045] Step 7: After the ore bin 1 has finished dropping into the chute 5, the empty ore bin 1 also needs to be moved into the auxiliary shaft cage 13, and then the auxiliary shaft hoist 11 drives the auxiliary shaft cage 13 along the auxiliary shaft 9 back to the bottom transportation lane 14 for standby;

[0046] Step 8: The ore falling into the chute 5 will first enter the vibrating ore-discharging machine 6, and then the vibrating ore-discharging machine 6 will evenly discharge the ore into the mine car 7 in the ore transfer yard 16, and then the mine car 7 loaded with ore will be moved to the main shaft cage 12, and then the main shaft hoist 10 will drive the main shaft cage 12 to move along the main shaft 8 to the ground, and unload the ore from the mine car 7 on the ground, and then the empty mine car 7 will be moved to the auxiliary shaft cage 13, and finally the auxiliary shaft hoist 11 will drive the auxiliary shaft cage 13 along the auxiliary shaft 9 back to the ore transfer yard 16 for standby.

[0047] The solutions in the embodiments are not intended to limit the patent protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent implementations or changes that do not deviate from the present invention are included in the patent scope of this case.

Claims

1. An ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system, characterized in that: It includes an ore bin, a buoyancy bin, a blind shaft, a grab crane, a chute, a vibrating ore-dropping machine, a mine car, a main shaft, an auxiliary shaft, a main shaft hoist, an auxiliary shaft hoist, a main shaft cage, an auxiliary shaft cage, a shaft bottom transportation lane, an ore transfer lane and an ore transfer yard; the ore bin and the buoyancy bin are stored in the shaft bottom transportation lane; the bottom end of the blind shaft is at the same elevation as the shaft bottom transportation lane, and the wellhead end of the blind shaft is at the same elevation as the ore transfer lane; the blind shaft serves as a buoyancy transportation channel, and the blind shaft is filled with water from underground mining operations; the grab crane is arranged in the ore transfer lane and is located above the wellhead of the blind shaft; the upper wellhead of the chute is connected to the ore transfer lane, and the lower wellhead of the chute is connected to the ore transfer lane The ore transfer yard is connected to the mine chute; the vibrating ore placing machine is arranged in the ore transfer yard and is located below the lower shaft opening of the chute; the mine car is stored in the ore transfer yard; the ore transfer tunnel is connected to the auxiliary shaft; the ore transfer yard is connected to the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft; the main shaft hoist is arranged on the ground and is located above the upper shaft opening of the main shaft, and the lower shaft opening of the main shaft is connected to the bottom transportation tunnel; the main shaft cage is located in the main shaft, and the main shaft cage is hoisted and connected to the wire rope of the main shaft hoist; the auxiliary shaft hoist is arranged on the ground and is located above the upper shaft opening of the auxiliary shaft, and the lower shaft opening of the auxiliary shaft is connected to the bottom transportation tunnel; the auxiliary shaft cage is located in the auxiliary shaft, and the auxiliary shaft cage is hoisted and connected to the wire rope of the auxiliary shaft hoist.

2. The ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the shaft of the blind shaft is constructed with a lining layer that is resistant to high pressure and water seepage.

3. The ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure balance chamber is arranged in the bottom transport tunnel, a first gate is arranged between the pressure balance chamber and the bottom transport tunnel, and a second gate is arranged between the pressure balance chamber and the blind shaft; the pressure balance chamber serves as a transfer chamber for the ore bin and the buoyancy bin to enter the blind shaft.

4. The ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system according to claim 3 is characterized by: A pressurized equipment chamber is provided in the bottom transport tunnel, and a water pump, a water storage bin, a water suction pipe, a drainage pipe, a return pipe, an air compressor and an air pipe are provided in the pressurized equipment chamber; the water inlet of the water pump is connected with the water storage bin through the water suction pipe, the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the pressure balance chamber through the drainage pipe, and the pressure balance chamber is connected with the water storage bin through the return pipe; the air compressor is connected with the pressure balance chamber through the air pipe.

5. The ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A water supply valve, a check valve and an anti-pollution isolation valve are arranged in sequence on the drainage pipe between the water outlet of the water pump and the pressure balance chamber; a buffer tank, a filter and an air valve are arranged in sequence on the air pipe between the air compressor and the pressure balance chamber; and a return valve is arranged on the return pipe between the pressure balance chamber and the water storage tank.

6. The ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first pressure sensor is arranged in the blind shaft; a second pressure sensor is arranged in the pressure balance chamber; a pressure balance pipe is arranged between the pressure balance chamber and the blind shaft, a pressure reducing valve is arranged on the pressure balance pipe, a water inlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the blind shaft, and a water outlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the pressure balance chamber.

7. The ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An emergency pressure relief water storage chamber is also provided in the bottom transport tunnel, and a third gate is provided between the emergency pressure relief water storage chamber and the blind shaft.

8. The ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system according to claim 3 is characterized by: A track wheel is arranged at the bottom of the ore bin, and a lifting ring is arranged at the top of the ore bin; a hook is arranged at the bottom of the buoyancy bin, and the buoyancy bin is hung and matched with the lifting ring at the top of the ore bin through the bottom hook; a guide wheel is arranged at the top of the buoyancy bin, and a guide rail is arranged at the top of the pressure balance chamber, and the buoyancy bin is moved and matched with the guide rail at the top of the pressure balance chamber through the guide wheel.

9. The ultra-deep shaft buoyancy and hoist combined ore extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of buoyancy bins connected to the ore bin is at least one; when the number of the buoyancy bins is multiple, the multiple buoyancy bins are connected in series, and the ore carrying capacity of the ore bin is adapted by adjusting the number of the buoyancy bins connected in series.

10. A method for extracting ore by combining buoyancy and hoisting in an ultra-deep shaft, which adopts the system for extracting ore by combining buoyancy and hoisting in an ultra-deep shaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The steps include: Step 1: Open the first gate, first move the ore bin loaded with ore into the pressure balance chamber through the track wheel, then move the buoyancy bin into the pressure balance chamber through the guide wheel, so that the buoyancy bin is located directly above the ore bin, and then hang the buoyancy bin and the ore bin together; Step 2: Close the first gate, the pressure balance chamber is sealed, then open the water supply valve and the air valve, and then start the water pump and the air compressor. The air compressor draws air out of the pressure balance chamber, and at the same time the water pump pumps the water from the water storage tank into the pressure balance chamber until the pressure balance chamber is filled with water. At this time, close the water supply valve and the air valve, and turn off the water pump and the air compressor at the same time; Step 3: Open the pressure reducing valve to connect the pressure balance chamber with the blind shaft. The water pressure in the pressure balance chamber will gradually increase. When the bottom pressure of the blind shaft monitored by the first pressure sensor is equal to the pressure in the pressure balance chamber monitored by the second pressure sensor, it means that the pressure balance chamber and the blind shaft are balanced. At this time, close the pressure reducing valve. Step 4: Open the second gate, and then move the buoyancy bin and the ore bin that are connected together out of the pressure balance chamber and into the blind shaft. Then, the buoyancy output by the buoyancy bin drives the ore bin to be lifted until the ore bin is lifted to the wellhead end of the blind shaft. Step 5: After the buoyancy bin and the ore bin that are connected together move out of the pressure balance chamber together, close the second gate, the pressure balance chamber is re-sealed, then open the return valve and the air valve, and start the air compressor at the same time. The air compressor pumps external air into the pressure balance chamber, and the water in the pressure balance chamber returns to the water storage bin through the return pipe until all the water in the pressure balance chamber is drained. At this time, close the return valve and the air valve, and turn off the air compressor at the same time. Finally, open the first gate to prepare for the next ore bin to enter the pressure balance chamber; Step 6: After the ore bin is lifted to the shaft end of the blind shaft, start the grab crane, and transfer the buoyancy bin and the ore bin to the ore transfer tunnel by the grab crane. When the buoyancy bin and the ore bin are moved to the upper shaft end of the chute, the ore bin is left at the upper shaft end of the chute for ore dropping, and the buoyancy bin is first unhooked from the ore bin, and then moved to the auxiliary shaft cage, and finally driven by the auxiliary shaft hoist to return to the bottom transportation tunnel along the auxiliary shaft for standby use; Step 7: After the ore bin has finished dropping into the chute, the empty ore bin also needs to be moved to the auxiliary shaft cage, and then the auxiliary shaft hoist drives the auxiliary shaft cage along the auxiliary shaft back to the bottom of the shaft for transportation to the horizontal lane for standby; Step 8: The ore falling into the chute will first enter the vibrating ore-discharging machine, and then the vibrating ore-discharging machine will evenly discharge the ore into the mine car in the ore transfer yard. The mine car loaded with ore will then be moved to the main shaft cage, and then the main shaft hoist will drive the main shaft cage to move along the main shaft to the ground, and the ore in the mine car will be unloaded on the ground. The empty mine car will then be moved to the auxiliary shaft cage, and finally the auxiliary shaft hoist will drive the auxiliary shaft cage along the auxiliary shaft back to the ore transfer yard for standby.

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