A magnetic suspension anti-shock structure and a magnetic device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a magnetic suspension anti-shock structure and a magnet device, wherein the magnetic suspension magnet device comprises: an outer dewar; a coil, which is arranged inside the outer dewar, and is made of a superconducting material and works in a superconducting state; an anti-shock structure, which is arranged on the outer dewar, and comprises: an outer sleeve rod, which is connected to the outer surface of the outer dewar; a support rod, one end of which is plugged into the inner part of the outer dewar, and the other end of which is plugged into the inner part of the outer sleeve rod. The present invention adopts superconducting wire as the coil preparation material, and utilizes its advantage of being able to carry current without resistance below the critical transition temperature to provide a strong electromagnetic force for the magnetic suspension magnet device, thereby increasing the suspension height and increasing the safety in a high-speed dynamic operation environment. At the same time, the anti-shock structure in the form of a long cantilever is adopted to avoid the influence of the rigid impact load on the magnetothermal stability of the coil during high-speed movement, avoid the coil from being quenched, and improve the safety and stability of the magnet device in a strong impact environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension, and in particular to a magnetic suspension anti-impact structure and a magnet device. Background Art

[0002] After more than a decade of construction, China's high-speed rail has a total mileage of more than 30,000 kilometers, and its technology is at the forefront of the world. However, due to various factors, it is extremely difficult to further increase the speed of the current high-speed rail of 300-350km / h by using wheel-rail. In the face of the further demand for rapid social development, the demand for the construction of high-speed maglev railways has emerged. High-speed maglev railways can solve the problems of wheel-rail adhesion, friction, vibration and high-speed current collection existing in wheel-rail railways, and have higher speed-increasing potential (> 600km / h). In recent years, it has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of ground transportation. At the same time, in the field of electromagnetic catapults, how to obtain a higher launch speed is also a common goal pursued by everyone. Among them, using superconducting magnets to generate a higher magnetic field to obtain a higher speed is considered a better solution.

[0003] According to the existing literature, as of now, China, Japan, Germany, the United States and other countries have accumulated certain technologies in the field of maglev, among which Japan is particularly prominent in the field of ultra-high speed. For example, the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) has been conducting research and experiments on superconducting maglev trains for a long time, and currently has practical high-speed maglev technology with a test speed of up to 590km / h. However, superconducting magnet technology in this field is almost completely confidential and blocked. In the first 20 years, China focused more on conventional maglev technology. It successively built the Shanghai maglev train line (430km / h) by introducing German technology, and then independently developed the Beijing S1 line maglev train (80km / h), Changsha maglev line maglev train (100km / h), etc. It can be seen that the operating speed of conventional maglev technology trains is still relatively low, and relevant research shows that its suspension height is small, the load is low, the energy consumption is large, and the operating cost is high. In recent years, driven by the society's demand for ultra-high-speed trains and electromagnetic catapults, relevant research institutions and universities have successively carried out the research and development of superconducting magnetic levitation. There have been some reports on the relevant principle results, but how to overcome the impact load of the magnetic levitation system in a high-speed and complex environment to ensure that the superconducting magnet device does not experience abnormal conditions such as quenching still needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a magnetic suspension anti-shock structure and a magnet device to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a magnetic suspension anti-shock structure, including:

[0006] An outer sleeve rod, used for connecting with the magnetic suspension magnet device;

[0007] A support rod, one end of which is used to be inserted into the coil in the magnetic suspension magnet device, and the other end of which is inserted into the outer sleeve rod.

[0008] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a magnetic levitation magnet device, comprising:

[0009] Outer Dewar;

[0010] The coil is arranged inside the outer dewar, and the coil is made of superconducting material and works in a superconducting state;

[0011] The impact-resistant structure is arranged on the outer dewar, and the impact-resistant structure includes:

[0012] An outer sleeve rod connected to the outer side of the outer dewar;

[0013] A support rod, one end of which is inserted into the outer dewar, and the other end of which is inserted into the outer sleeve rod.

[0014] The magnetic suspension anti-shock structure and the magnet device in the present invention have the following advantages:

[0015] 1. The present invention adopts the principle of electric magnetic levitation technology, and uses the relative movement between the superconducting magnet on the vehicle and the conventional conductor coil on the ground to generate an induced magnetic field. The like poles repel each other and the opposite poles attract each other, so that the superconducting magnet device is suspended. At the same time, the present invention uses superconducting wire as the coil preparation material, and takes advantage of its ability to carry current without resistance below the critical temperature, which can provide a strong electromagnetic force for the magnetic levitation magnet, so that the suspension height is greater than that of the magnet made of conventional conductors, and the theoretical value can be greater than 100mm, which greatly increases the safety of the magnetic levitation in the high-speed dynamic operation environment.

[0016] 2. The present invention directly transmits the electromagnetic force of the superconducting coil through the anti-shock structure, and the anti-shock structure of the magnet is more reasonable, which improves the efficiency of propulsion and suspension force transmission. At the same time, the long cantilever support rod proposed by the present invention can avoid the problem of rigid impact load on the magnetothermal stability of the superconducting coil during the high-speed movement of the magnet through the reasonable design of the length of the support rod, improve the load level of the anti-shock load of the superconducting magnet, avoid the quenching of the superconducting coil, and thus improve the safety and stability of the superconducting magnet under strong impact environment.

[0017] 3. The impact-resistant support rod structure proposed in the present invention also greatly reduces the thermal load of the superconducting magnet cryogenic system. High-speed maglev superconducting magnet devices are often limited by the size of the space. Superconducting coils, cooling medium tanks, cold screens, etc. need to be placed inside the limited width range, so it is difficult to reduce the thermal load of the cryogenic system. Therefore, the present invention adopts a support rod structure, the temperature of one end of the support rod is TL and the other end is TH. When other parameters remain unchanged, increasing the length of the support rod can reduce the heat leakage, thereby reducing the thermal load of the cryogenic system.

[0018] 4. The magnet cooling device proposed in the present invention can achieve zero volatilization of the cooling medium, thus solving the problem of the need to replenish the cooling medium during the operation of the magnet device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an impact-resistant structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an interface in an impact-resistant structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a support rod of a solid structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a support rod with a hollow structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a nested structure of support rods provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a magnetic levitation magnet device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a magnetic levitation magnet device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1-cooling device, 2-refrigerator, 3-current lead interface, 4-signal line interface, 5-vacuum interface, 6-outer sleeve rod, 7-flange interface, 8-outer Dewar, 9-coil, 10-cooling medium tank, 11-cold shield, 12-support rod, 13-support interface, 14-sleeve rod interface, 12-1-solid rod, 12-2 hollow rod, 12-3-nested rod, 1201-inner sleeve rod, 1202-middle sleeve rod, 1203-outer sleeve rod, 1204-outer layer connecting structure, 1205-inner layer connecting structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a magnetic suspension magnet device. The present invention provides a magnetic suspension anti-shock structure, including:

[0030] An outer sleeve rod 6, used to connect with the magnetic suspension magnet device;

[0031] A support rod 12 , one end of which is used to be inserted into the coil 9 in the magnetic suspension magnet device, and the other end of which is inserted into the outer sleeve rod 6 .

[0032] For example, the support rod 12 may be in various forms, such as Figure 3-5 The solid rod 12-1, hollow rod 12-2 and nested rod 12-3 shown in the figure, when the nested rod 12-3 is used, it includes an inner sleeve rod 1201, a middle sleeve rod 1202 and an outer sleeve rod 1203 which are sequentially sleeved from the inside to the outside, and the outer sleeve rod 1203 and the middle sleeve rod 1202 are connected together by an outer layer connecting structure 1204, and the middle sleeve rod 1202 and the inner sleeve rod 1201 are connected together by an inner layer connecting structure 1205.

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a magnetic levitation magnet device, comprising:

[0034] Outer Dewar 8;

[0035] The coil 9 is arranged inside the outer dewar 8, and the coil 9 is made of superconducting material and works in a superconducting state;

[0036] The impact-resistant structure is arranged on the outer dewar 8, and the impact-resistant structure includes:

[0037] An outer sleeve rod 6 is connected to the outer side of the outer dewar 8;

[0038] A support rod 12 , one end of which is plugged into the outer dewar 8 , and the other end of which is plugged into the outer sleeve rod 6 .

[0039] For example, by analyzing the vibration of the system, the length of the support rod 12 can be reasonably selected. For example, the relationship between the length L of the support rod 12 and its stiffness k, Young's modulus E and moment of inertia I can be expressed as: By properly selecting the length of the support rod 12, the rigid impact load during high-speed movement can be prevented from affecting the magnetothermal stability of the coil 9, the load level of the magnet device's impact load resistance can be increased, and the quenching problem of the coil 9 can be avoided, thereby improving the safety and stability of the magnet device under strong impact conditions. At the same time, with the help of the impact-resistant support rod structure proposed in the present invention, the magnet device is expanded by L1 on the basis of the original smaller width W, such as Figure 1 As shown, the heat load of the cryogenic system is further reduced, so that the magnet device can operate more safely, stably and economically.

[0040] exist Figure 3-5 In the support rod 12, the temperature of one end is TL and the temperature of the other end is TH. The heat conductivity coefficient K(T) of the support rod 12 itself is related to the temperature. According to the heat load calculation formula, the heat leakage of the support rod 12 can be obtained as follows: It can be seen that, under the condition that other parameters remain unchanged, increasing the length of the support rod 12 can effectively reduce its heat leakage, thereby reducing the heat load of the cryogenic system.

[0041] The present invention adopts superconducting material as the preparation material of the coil, and takes advantage of its unimpeded current carrying below the critical transition temperature. Compared with conventional conductor technology, it can reduce loss and power consumption. At the same time, the magnet device made of superconducting material is more lightweight, and can provide a periodic and stable strong magnetic field for magnetic levitation vehicles, magnetic levitation thrusters, etc., to achieve the suspension of trains and thrusters, thereby overcoming the relevant technical difficulties of traditional magnetic levitation technology. In addition, the present invention adopts an impact-resistant structure to convert the rigid impact load received by the high-speed magnetic levitation superconducting magnet during high-speed movement into a flexible impact, thereby avoiding the problem of quenching of the coil 9 under a strong impact load, making the superconducting magnet device more stable and reliable. Using the magnetic levitation magnet device of the present invention, the device being driven will obtain a stronger driving force, a higher suspension height, and a more stable and reliable advantage. The present invention has the potential to increase the speed to >1000km / h in combination with low vacuum pipeline technology.

[0042] In a possible embodiment, a cooling medium groove 10 is provided inside the outer dewar 8, the coil 9 is arranged in the cooling medium groove 10, and the cooling medium groove 10 is filled with a cooling medium.

[0043] Exemplarily, the cooling medium may be liquid helium, and the coil 9 is made of a low-temperature superconducting material. The critical transition temperature of the coil 9 is higher than the boiling point of liquid helium, so the coil 9 in the liquid helium environment is in a superconducting state.

[0044] In a possible embodiment, a cold shield 11 is disposed inside the outer dewar 8 , and a cooling medium groove 10 is disposed inside the cold shield 11 .

[0045] Exemplarily, the cold shield 11 is made of a material with good heat insulation effect to reduce heat exchange inside and outside the cooling medium tank 10 and reduce the heat load of the cooling medium tank 10 .

[0046] In a possible embodiment, the space between the outer dewar 8 and the cold shield 11 is in a vacuum state.

[0047] For example, a vacuum interface 5 can be provided on the outer surface of the outer Dewar 8. The vacuum interface 5 cooperates with the vacuum equipment to evacuate the space inside the outer Dewar 8. The air pressure needs to be lower than 1.0×10 -5 Pa, the vacuum environment can make the heat outside the outer Dewar 8 enter the cold shield 11 as little as possible, thereby reducing the heat load of the cooling medium tank 10.

[0048] In a possible embodiment, a support interface 13 is provided inside the outer dewar 8 , and one end of the support rod 12 located inside the outer dewar 8 is inserted into the support interface 13 .

[0049] For example, the support interface 13 can be arranged inside the coil 9, and one support interface 13 can be arranged inside each coil 9, so the number of support rods 12 is the same as the number of coils 9 inside the outer dewar 8. When the magnetic field generated by the coil 9 interacts with the external magnetic field to generate suspension force and other forces, these forces can directly act on the support rod 12. At the same time, the hollow structure inside the outer outer rod 6 forms a sleeve rod interface 14, so that the support rod 12 is inserted into the sleeve rod interface 14.

[0050] In a possible embodiment, a cooling device 1 is provided outside the outer dewar 8, a refrigerator 2 is provided outside the cooling device 1, a liquid inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are provided inside the cooling device 1, one end of the liquid inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are connected to the refrigerator 2, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are connected to the cooling medium tank 10.

[0051] Exemplarily, the refrigerator 2 can adopt a GM refrigerator. The cooling medium in the cooling medium tank 10 that evaporates into a gaseous state due to absorbing heat enters the refrigerator 2 through the outlet pipe. The refrigerator 2 cools the gaseous cooling medium into a liquid cooling medium. The liquid cooling medium can flow back to the cooling medium tank 10 through the liquid inlet pipe to maintain the low temperature state of the cooling medium tank 10, so that the coil 9 is always in a superconducting state.

[0052] In a possible embodiment, a connecting pipe is provided between the cooling device 1 and the outer dewar 8, and the parts of the liquid inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe between the cooling device 1 and the outer dewar 8 are located inside the connecting pipe, and the inside of the connecting pipe is in a vacuum state.

[0053] For example, the connecting pipe may use a bellows, and the air pressure inside the bellows also needs to be lower than 1.0×10 -5 Pa, the vacuum environment can minimize the heat outside the connecting pipe from entering the liquid inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe, thereby reducing the heat load of the refrigerator 2.

[0054] In a possible embodiment, a current lead interface 3 is provided on the outer side surface of the outer dewar 8 , and the lead wire of the coil 9 is led out from the current lead interface 3 .

[0055] Exemplarily, a superconducting switch is connected between the two ends of the lead wire of the coil 9, and the superconducting switch is also made of low-temperature superconducting material. Before the coil 9 is energized, the superconducting switch is first heated to change it from a superconducting state to a resistive state, thereby removing the short circuit of the coil 9. After the short circuit of the coil 9 is removed, the power supply starts to supply power to the coil 9. When the current of the coil 9 reaches the target value, the heating of the superconducting switch is stopped, so that it gradually changes to a superconducting state, thereby forming a closed loop between the coil 9 and the superconducting switch. After the output current of the power supply drops to 0, the coil 9 is in closed-loop operation. The coil 9 made of superconducting material can generate a strong magnetic field, and the magnetic field intensity is much higher than the magnetic field with periodic polarity changes that can be generated by conventional conductors. In conjunction with the control of ground propulsion, suspension and guidance, the ultra-high-speed operation of the superconducting magnetic levitation device can be achieved.

[0056] In a possible embodiment, a monitoring sensor is disposed inside the outer dewar 8 , a signal line interface 4 is disposed on the outer side surface of the outer dewar 8 , and a lead of the monitoring sensor is led out from the signal line interface 4 .

[0057] Exemplarily, the monitoring sensors may include temperature sensors, voltage signal sensors, strain sensors, liquid level gauges, etc. These monitoring sensors are used to monitor the working status of various components inside the outer dewar 8. When there is an abnormality in the working status, an alarm signal can be sent out through the alarm unit to remind the operator to deal with it in time.

[0058] In a possible embodiment, a flange interface 7 is provided at one end of the outer sleeve rod 6 , and the flange interface 7 is connected to the outer side surface of the outer dewar 8 .

[0059] Exemplarily, the flange interface 7 has a plurality of screw holes, and the flange interface 7 can be fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the outer dewar 8 by using screws, thereby realizing the connection between the outer sleeve rod 6 and the outer dewar 8.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, an inner sleeve rod is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the outer dewar 8, and the inner diameter of the inner sleeve rod is larger than the outer diameter of the support rod 12. When the outer sleeve rod 6 is installed, one end of the outer sleeve rod having the flange interface 7 is plugged into the outside of the inner sleeve rod. When the flange interface 7 contacts the outer side of the outer dewar 8, the inner sleeve rod is also fully inserted into the outer sleeve rod 6. Then, the outer sleeve rod 6 can be connected to the outer dewar 8 using a screw, and finally, the end of the support rod 12 inserted into the inner sleeve rod can be inserted into the outer dewar 8. In the present invention, the support rod 12 is connected to the inner sleeve rod only at the end face of the end.

[0061] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0062] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A magnetic suspension anti-shock structure, characterized in that: include: An outer sleeve rod (6) is used to be connected to the magnetic suspension magnet device; A support rod (12), one end of the support rod (12) being inserted into the coil (9) in the magnetic suspension magnet device, and the other end of the support rod (12) being inserted into the outer sleeve rod (6); The support rod (12) is a solid rod, a hollow rod or a nested rod; When nested rods are used, they include an inner sleeve rod (1201), a middle sleeve rod (1202) and an outer sleeve rod (1203) which are sequentially sleeved from the inside to the outside. The outer sleeve rod (1203) and the middle sleeve rod (1202) are connected together via an outer layer connection structure (1204), and the middle sleeve rod (1202) and the inner sleeve rod (1201) are connected together via an inner layer connection structure (1205). One end of the outer sleeve rod (6) is provided with a flange interface (7), and the flange interface (7) is connected to the outer side surface of the outer dewar (8).

2. A magnetic levitation magnet device, characterized in that: include: Waiduwa (8); A coil (9) is arranged inside the outer dewar (8), and the coil (9) is made of a superconducting material and operates in a superconducting state; An impact-resistant structure is arranged on the outer dewar (8), and the impact-resistant structure comprises: An outer sleeve rod (6) connected to the outer side surface of the outer dewar (8); A support rod (12), one end of the support rod (12) is inserted into the interior of the outer dewar (8), and the other end of the support rod (12) is inserted into the interior of the outer sleeve rod (6); The support rod (12) is a solid rod, a hollow rod or a nested rod; When nested rods are used, they include an inner sleeve rod (1201), a middle sleeve rod (1202) and an outer sleeve rod (1203) which are sequentially sleeved from the inside to the outside. The outer sleeve rod (1203) and the middle sleeve rod (1202) are connected together via an outer layer connection structure (1204), and the middle sleeve rod (1202) and the inner sleeve rod (1201) are connected together via an inner layer connection structure (1205). One end of the outer sleeve rod (6) is provided with a flange interface (7), and the flange interface (7) is connected to the outer side surface of the outer dewar (8).

3. A magnetic levitation magnet device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cooling medium groove (10) is arranged inside the outer dewar (8), the coil (9) is arranged in the cooling medium groove (10), and the cooling medium groove (10) is filled with a cooling medium.

4. A magnetic levitation magnet device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cold shield (11) is arranged inside the outer dewar (8), and the cooling medium groove (10) is arranged inside the cold shield (11).

5. The magnetic suspension magnet device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support interface (13) is provided inside the outer dewar (8), and one end of the support rod (12) located inside the outer dewar (8) is inserted into the support interface (13); The outer sleeve rod (6) has a sleeve rod interface (14) inside, and the other end of the support rod (12) is inserted into the sleeve rod interface (14).

6. The magnetic levitation magnet device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cooling device (1) is arranged outside the outer dewar (8), a refrigerator (2) is arranged outside the cooling device (1), and a liquid inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are arranged inside the cooling device (1), one end of each of the liquid inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe is connected to the refrigerator (2), and the other end of each of the liquid inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe is connected to the cooling medium tank (10).

7. A magnetic levitation magnet device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A connecting pipe is provided between the cooling device (1) and the outer dewar (8); the parts of the liquid inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe located between the cooling device (1) and the outer dewar (8) are located inside the connecting pipe, and the interior of the connecting pipe is in a vacuum state.

8. The magnetic levitation magnet device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A current lead interface (3) is provided on the outer side surface of the outer dewar (8), and the lead of the coil (9) is led out from the current lead interface (3).

9. The magnetic levitation magnet device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A monitoring sensor is arranged inside the outer dewar (8), a signal line interface (4) is arranged on the outer side surface of the outer dewar (8), and a lead of the monitoring sensor is led out from the signal line interface (4).

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