A lifting gravity center automatic adjustment device for micro crane

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic adjustment device for the lifting center of gravity for a micro crane, and relates to the technical field of high-altitude engineering operations. This solution adopts a combination of a passive damper and an active regulator, which can automatically match the optimal damping force according to the weight of the hoisted object, and realize dynamic adjustment of the damping force. Through the design of the bottom retaining frame and energy absorber of the load-bearing steel cable, the device can effectively reduce the center of gravity offset and swaying caused by the inertial force during lifting, and improve the safety and efficiency of the lifting operation. In addition, the device also specially considers the impact of strong winds or rapid movement on the lifting stability, and effectively absorbs and slows down the drastic changes in the center of gravity through the liquid viscosity damping mechanism of the active regulator. The implementation of this solution not only improves the operating performance of the micro crane, but also provides an innovative solution for the stability control of the lifting equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of high-altitude engineering operations, and in particular relates to an automatic regulating device for the lifting center of gravity of a micro crane. Background Art

[0002] In modern engineering construction scenarios, micro cranes are increasingly used, especially in narrow spaces or where precise positioning is required. However, traditional micro cranes often face stability issues caused by center of gravity shift when lifting heavy objects. During the lifting process, heavy objects are prone to swinging due to the uncertainty of their own center of gravity or the influence of external environmental factors (such as wind), which not only affects work efficiency but may also cause safety accidents.

[0003] To solve this problem, traditional technologies generally use fixed dampers to reduce the swing of heavy objects, but these dampers are usually not targeted and cannot adjust the damping force according to objects of different weights, and are also difficult to cope with sudden external forces. In addition, when traditional cranes face strong winds or move quickly, the energy absorption efficiency of the damper will drop sharply, and it cannot effectively slow down or eliminate the drastic changes in the center of gravity.

[0004] During the lifting process of the crane, most of the objects or platforms are fixed by steel cables. Except for the manually operated platform, the objects fixed by the steel cables are subject to a vertical upward pulling force in addition to gravity. At this time, if there is a lateral force, the vertical downward gravity direction acts on the boom, which will cause an offset. Under normal circumstances, this situation will cause the lifted objects to tilt or shake. In windy weather, based on the different orientations of the crane, the windward side of the lifted objects may also change. Reinforcement in a fixed direction, such as rope fixation, is often difficult to adapt to forces in multiple directions. For micro cranes, their lifting weight is limited, but lighter objects still have some materials with a larger area. The impact of windy weather on such lifted objects often causes the lifting center of gravity of the micro crane to shift, which in turn has a certain impact on the safety of use.

[0005] Based on the above, it can be seen that the hoisted objects are affected by strong winds and the center of gravity shifts, which will pose a considerable challenge to the stability of the micro crane. Therefore, improving stability is an issue that needs to be urgently ensured.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a lifting center of gravity automatic adjustment device for a micro crane, comprising:

[0008] The annular liner is arranged below the annular support frame, and the axial direction of the annular liner is perpendicular to the bottom of the annular support frame;

[0009] The load-bearing steel cable axially penetrates and slides on the inner wall of the annular support frame and the annular liner to support the lifting of the cargo;

[0010] The two ends of the passive damper are respectively located at the two ends of the annular support and the annular liner. The passive damper is vertically arranged between the annular support and the annular liner, and is used for passive energy absorption and damping reset of the eccentric movement of the load-bearing steel cable;

[0011] The top retaining frame is arranged above the annular support frame, and a plurality of upper suspension cables are fixed between the top retaining frame and the annular support frame;

[0012] The bottom retainer is arranged below the ring liner, and a plurality of lower suspension cables are fixed between the bottom retainer and the ring liner;

[0013] The upper connecting plate is fixedly connected to the surface of the annular support frame and is used for fixing the bottom ends of several upper suspension cables. The lower connecting plate is fixedly connected to the surface of the annular liner, and the surface of the lower connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the corresponding lower suspension cable.

[0014] A force unloading sleeve is fixed to the opposite ends of several energy absorbers, and the other end of the energy absorber is fixedly connected to one side of the corresponding upper connecting plate, which is used for damping and absorbing energy of the load-bearing steel cable;

[0015] The active regulator is connected to the corresponding energy absorber, and is used to control the damping force of the energy absorber and the active posture regulation of the load-bearing steel cable.

[0016] Preferably, the passive damper comprises a main shaft, a damping spring is spirally wound and slidably mounted on the surface of the main shaft, both ends of the damping spring are fixedly connected to side frames, the side frames penetrate and slide on the surface of the main shaft, and a protective seat for limiting the minimum distance between the two side frames and supporting them is fixedly connected to the surface of the main shaft;

[0017] Variable angle pull ropes are movably installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the side frame, and ends of the two variable angle pull ropes that are far away from each other are respectively installed on the surfaces of the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate.

[0018] Preferably, the top retaining frame includes a plurality of mounting bolts fixed to the crane, the bottom ends of the plurality of mounting bolts are commonly fixed with a mounting frame, the surface of the mounting frame is provided with a plurality of buffer sleeves, and the bottom ends of the plurality of buffer sleeves are commonly provided with a first buffer frame;

[0019] A plurality of first resilient support rods are fixed to the inner wall of the first buffer frame, and a slide cylinder is commonly fixed to opposite ends of the plurality of first resilient support rods;

[0020] The load-bearing steel cable penetrates and slides on the inner wall of the slide cylinder, and the surface of the first buffer frame is installed on the top ends of a plurality of upper suspension cables.

[0021] Preferably, the energy absorber comprises an oil cylinder, the inner wall of which is sealed and slidably provided with a viscous piston, one side of which is fixedly connected with a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod penetrates and slides on one end of the oil cylinder, and the end of the telescopic rod away from the oil cylinder is movably connected with a top universal head and a bottom universal head via a pin shaft;

[0022] The other side of the top universal head is movably connected to the side wall of the unloading sleeve through a pin shaft, and the other side of the bottom universal head is movably connected to the surface of the corresponding upper connecting plate through a pin shaft.

[0023] Preferably, the bottom retaining frame includes a second buffer frame installed on the bottom ends of several lower suspension cables, several second flexible struts are fixed to the inner wall of the second buffer frame, a retaining core is commonly fixed to the opposite ends of the several second flexible struts, several clamping seats are arranged on the surface of the retaining core, an electric clamp is fixed to the inner wall of the clamping seat, and a horizontal roller is arranged at the clamping end of the electric clamp.

[0024] Preferably, a plurality of first branch ropes are installed at the bottom end of the load-bearing steel cable, and a boom for dispersing the lifting tension and balancing the lifting stress points is commonly fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of first branch ropes.

[0025] Preferably, the active regulator comprises a storage tank installed on the inner wall of the annular support frame, a connecting pipe is installed on one side of the storage tank, a ventilation hole is opened at the other end of the storage tank, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to one end of the oil cylinder of the corresponding energy absorber;

[0026] A pressure regulating piston and a travel piston are slidably fitted on the inner wall of the storage tank, a hydraulic rod is fixedly penetrated on the other side of the storage tank, the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to one side of the pressure regulating piston, and a solenoid valve is installed through one side of the pressure regulating piston.

[0027] Preferably, a plurality of second branch ropes for fixing the hoisted object are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the boom, and the bottom ends of the plurality of second branch ropes are commonly fixed to a bracket for supporting the hoisted object.

[0028] Preferably, the top end of the unloading sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the slide cylinder.

[0029] Preferably, the load-bearing steel cable penetrates and slides on the inner wall of the unloading sleeve and the retaining core.

[0030] Beneficial effects:

[0031] When the present solution is used, the optimal damping force can be matched according to the different weights of the weights. When the load-bearing steel cable pulls the hoisted object, as the load-bearing steel cable is gradually straightened, the surface of the load-bearing steel cable is fixed by the bottom retaining frame. When the load-bearing steel cable is straightened, it pulls multiple lower suspension cables through the bottom retaining frame, and pulls multiple passive dampers through the lower suspension cables and the ring lining, so that the passive dampers are stretched at the length of the straightened load-bearing steel cable. After the damping spring is compressed, the re-deformation force is increased, so that the damping force can be adjusted when using different weights.

[0032] At the same time, during lifting, with the movement of the hoisted object or the influence of wind, its inertial force will act on the load-bearing steel cable to cause it to tilt or deviate. In this process, the lateral force at the bottom end of the load-bearing steel cable will move the bottom retaining frame in the direction of the inertial force. The force of the bottom retaining frame pulls the ring liner to tilt through the lower lifting cable, and the ring liner unloads the force by pulling the multiple passive dampers on one side with different deformation amounts when tilting, and continues to remain vertical under the reset force of the passive damper. In summary, the passive damper of this scheme can realize the change of damping force to adapt to the damping of objects of different weights, and at the same time can reduce the influence of inertial force on the deviation of the center of gravity of the hoisted object, keep its hoisting center of gravity quickly vertical to avoid large changes, and can realize universal passive damping unloading and energy absorption, reduce the swaying caused by inertial force movement or strong wind due to excessive movement speed;

[0033] When there is strong wind or large-scale rapid movement, the load-bearing steel cable will tilt significantly. During this process, the energy absorption of the passive damper is in a high-load state, and its energy absorption efficiency decreases exponentially. When the load-bearing steel cable tilts and deflects significantly, the center of gravity of the hoisted object shifts, and its passive damper stretches and compresses the damping spring significantly. The tilt of the ring liner is large, but the annular support frame is kept in a horizontal state. It is directly fixed to the top of the crane through the upper suspension cable and the top retaining frame. When the load-bearing steel cable tilts, the unloading sleeve on its surface is displaced accordingly. If the center of the circle of the annular support frame is taken as the midpoint, the unloading sleeve will leave the midpoint and shift under the action of the load-bearing steel cable. During this process, the unloading sleeve will squeeze at least two energy absorbers in the moving direction and stretch at least two energy absorbers in the moving direction. When the internal oil of the energy absorber circulates with the oil in the active regulator during its extension and retraction, it is damped by the viscosity of the liquid, which can effectively unload force and absorb energy.

[0034] When the above-mentioned liquid viscosity energy absorption state is operating, its active regulator is in a free damping energy absorption mode, that is, the solenoid valve is in a connected state, and the outside air can pass through the ventilation hole and the solenoid valve into between the pressure regulating piston and the stroke piston. The stroke piston slides freely with the change of the amount of oil in the storage tank, and at the same time, the strength of damping energy absorption can be limited. Based on the principle that the bottom of the load-bearing steel cable shakes more and the top shakes less, the flow rate of the oil flow of the energy absorber is actually limited. By opening the solenoid valve and driving the hydraulic rod, the hydraulic rod adjusts the distance between the pressure regulating piston and the stroke piston so that different distances between them have different air volumes, and closes the solenoid valve. Then, the larger the air volume, the larger the movement of the stroke piston, and the smaller the air volume, the smaller the movement of the stroke piston. In the process of gas expansion and compression, damping and energy absorption can be achieved at a smaller amplitude, and the damping force and efficiency are different due to different air volumes, so dynamic regulation can be achieved.

[0035] At the same time, when the solenoid valve is closed, the hydraulic rod is driven to extend and retract, and the pressure regulating piston and the stroke piston are at a smaller distance, so that the air volume is smaller. At this time, the stroke piston is directly and actively controlled by the hydraulic rod, and the energy absorber can also realize active extension and retraction under the action of hydraulic pressure, and can apply force to the load-bearing steel cable in the reverse direction to strengthen the reset force thereof. The advance amount is stabilized through dynamic control and the set stability control algorithm system. In summary, through the cooperation of the energy absorber and the active regulator, multiple modes of use can be realized, and passive energy absorption and absorption capacity changes can be controlled. Active force can also be applied in the advance direction to unload the force, thereby reducing the change of the center of gravity during the offset process and ensuring the overall stability.

[0036] Therefore, this scheme can realize a stable lifting center of gravity maintaining mechanism, which can not only adapt to the faster moving lifting of objects and enhance construction efficiency, but also has a better effect in overcoming the safety hazards caused by strong winds. The stability of the lifting object is improved, the center of gravity is maintained at a better level, and the safety of the construction site is significantly improved.

[0037] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In the attached picture:

[0039] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the side view of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the passive damper, the annular support frame and the annular liner of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the passive damper, the annular support frame and the ring liner from another perspective of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cross section of the annular support frame of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the top retainer of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the passive damper of the present invention;

[0047] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the energy absorber of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cross section of the active regulator of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.11 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bottom retainer of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom retaining frame and the lower suspension cable in the installation state of the present invention.

[0051] In the figure: 1, annular support frame; 2, upper connecting plate; 3, passive damper; 31, main shaft; 32, protection seat; 33, side frame; 34, damping spring; 35, variable angle pull rope; 4, top retaining frame; 41, first buffer frame; 42, first tough support rod; 43, slide cylinder; 44, buffer sleeve; 45, mounting frame; 46, mounting bolt; 5, bottom retaining frame; 51, retaining core; 52, second tough support rod; 53, second buffer frame; 54, electric clamp; 55, clamping seat; 56, horizontal roller; 6 , energy absorber; 61, oil cylinder; 62, viscous piston; 63, telescopic rod; 64, bottom universal head; 65, top universal head; 7, active regulator; 71, storage tank; 72, hydraulic rod; 73, pressure regulating piston; 74, stroke piston; 75, solenoid valve; 76, ventilation hole; 77, connecting pipe; 8, lower connecting plate; 9, upper suspension cable; 10, lower suspension cable; 11, ring lining; 12, load-bearing steel cable; 13, first branch rope; 14, boom; 15, second branch rope; 16, bracket; 17, unloading sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, a device for automatically adjusting the lifting center of gravity of a micro crane comprises:

[0054] The annular liner 11 is disposed below the annular support frame 1, and the annular liner 11 is axially perpendicular to the bottom of the annular support frame 1;

[0055] The load-bearing steel cable 12 axially penetrates and slides on the inner wall of the annular support frame 1 and the annular liner 11 to support the lifting of the cargo;

[0056] The two ends of the passive damper 3 are respectively located at the two ends of the annular support frame 1 and the annular liner 11. The passive damper 3 is vertically arranged between the annular support frame 1 and the annular liner 11, and is used for passive energy absorption and damping reset of the eccentric movement of the load-bearing steel cable 12;

[0057] The top retainer 4 is arranged above the annular support frame 1, and a plurality of upper suspension cables 9 are fixed between the top retainer 4 and the annular support frame 1;

[0058] The bottom retainer 5 is disposed below the annular liner 11, and a plurality of lower suspension cables 10 are fixed between the bottom retainer 5 and the annular liner 11;

[0059] The upper connecting plate 2 is fixedly connected to the surface of the annular support 1, and is used for fixing the bottom ends of several upper suspension cables 9. The lower connecting plate 8 is fixedly connected to the surface of the annular liner 11, and the surface of the lower connecting plate 8 is fixedly connected to the top end of the corresponding lower suspension cable 10.

[0060] A force unloading sleeve 17 is commonly fixed to the opposite ends of a plurality of energy absorbers 6, and the other end of the energy absorber 6 is fixedly connected to one side of the corresponding upper connecting plate 2, for damping and absorbing energy of the load-bearing steel cable 12;

[0061] The active regulator 7 is connected to the corresponding energy absorber 6 , and the active regulator 7 is used to control the damping force of the energy absorber 6 and the active posture control of the load-bearing steel cable 12 .

[0062] This solution proposes an automatic adjustment device for the lifting center of gravity for a micro crane, which adopts a combination of a passive damper 3 and an active regulator 7, and can automatically match the optimal damping force according to the weight of the lifting object, thereby adapting to the damping requirements of different weights. The design of the passive damper 3 allows it to automatically adjust the deformation when subjected to lateral force, reduce the influence of inertial force on the center of gravity of the lifting object, and maintain the vertical state of the lifting center of gravity. The active regulator 7 can achieve more effective damping and energy absorption and improve overall stability by controlling the flow of liquid in the energy absorber 6 when the load-bearing steel cable 12 swings significantly. This adaptive adjustment mechanism significantly improves the safety and efficiency of lifting operations and provides a new direction for the technological advancement of micro cranes.

[0063] Specifically, Figure 8 As shown: the passive damper 3 comprises a main shaft 31, a damping spring 34 is spirally wound and slidably mounted on the surface of the main shaft 31, both ends of the damping spring 34 are fixedly connected to side frames 33, the side frames 33 penetrate and slide on the surface of the main shaft 31, and a protective seat 32 for limiting the minimum distance between the two side frames 33 and supporting them is fixedly connected to the surface of the main shaft 31;

[0064] The upper and lower surfaces of the side frame 33 are movably mounted with variable angle pull ropes 35 , and the ends of the two variable angle pull ropes 35 that are separated from each other are respectively mounted on the surfaces of the upper connecting plate 2 and the lower connecting plate 8 .

[0065] A damping spring 34 is spirally wound on the surface of the main shaft 31, and both ends of the damping spring 34 are fixedly connected to the side frame 33 respectively. The side frame 33 can slide on the surface of the main shaft 31 to adapt to the displacement of the damping spring 34 when it is compressed or stretched. The protective seat 32 is fixed on the surface of the main shaft 31 to limit the minimum spacing between the side frames 33 to prevent the damping spring 34 from being damaged due to excessive compression. Variable angle pull ropes 35 are installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the side frame 33, and the other ends of these pull ropes are respectively connected to the upper connecting plate 2 and the lower connecting plate 8. When the load-bearing steel cable 12 is subjected to lateral force during the lifting process, the variable angle pull rope 35 can change the angle with the movement of the side frame 33, thereby adjusting the position of the side frame 33, causing the damping spring 34 to produce corresponding compression or stretching, so as to achieve the effect of energy absorption and shock absorption.

[0066] Specifically, Figure 7 As shown: the top retaining frame 4 includes a plurality of mounting bolts 46 fixed to the crane, a mounting frame 45 is fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of mounting bolts 46, a plurality of buffer sleeves 44 are disposed on the surface of the mounting frame 45, and a first buffer frame 41 is disposed to the bottom ends of the plurality of buffer sleeves 44;

[0067] A plurality of first resilient support rods 42 are fixed to the inner wall of the first buffer frame 41, and a slide cylinder 43 is commonly fixed to opposite ends of the plurality of first resilient support rods 42;

[0068] The load-bearing steel cable 12 passes through and slides on the inner wall of the slide cylinder 43 , and the surface of the first buffer frame 41 is installed with the top ends of a plurality of upper suspension cables 9 .

[0069] The main function of the top retaining frame 4 is to fix the entire lifting center of gravity automatic adjustment device on the crane, providing a stable support point for the entire device. The mounting bolt 46 is used to connect directly to the crane to ensure that the device is firmly fixed to the crane. The mounting frame 45 is a bridge connecting the mounting bolt 46 and the buffer sleeve 44, providing an installation position for the buffer sleeve 44. The buffer sleeve 44 is a connecting piece. On the one hand, it is fixed to the mounting frame 45, and on the other hand, it is connected to the first buffer frame 41. Its design may have a shock-absorbing and buffering effect to reduce the impact and vibration that may occur during the lifting process. The first buffer frame 41 serves as an extension of the buffer sleeve 44 to provide additional support and stability;

[0070] The first tough support rod 42 is installed on the inner wall of the first buffer frame 41, and can be deformed when subjected to impact or pressure, thereby playing the role of energy absorption and shock reduction. The other end of these support rods is fixed with a slide cylinder 43, which can provide a passage for the load-bearing steel cable 12 to pass through and slide, ensuring the stability and safety of the automatic adjustment device of the lifting center of gravity during the lifting operation.

[0071] Specifically, Fig. 9 As shown: the energy absorber 6 comprises an oil cylinder 61, the inner wall of the oil cylinder 61 is sealed and slidably provided with a viscous piston 62, one side of the viscous piston 62 is fixedly connected with a telescopic rod 63, the telescopic rod 63 penetrates and slides on one end of the oil cylinder 61, and the end of the telescopic rod 63 away from the oil cylinder 61 is movably connected with a top universal head 65 and a bottom universal head 64 through a pin shaft respectively;

[0072] The other side of the top universal head 65 is movably connected to the side wall of the unloading sleeve 17 through a pin shaft, and the other side of the bottom universal head 64 is movably connected to the surface of the corresponding upper connecting plate 2 through a pin shaft.

[0073] The oil cylinder 61 serves as the main structure of the energy absorber 6, and its inner wall is designed to be able to seal the sliding viscous piston 62 to form an oil pressure environment. The viscous piston 62 is installed inside the oil cylinder 61. When the telescopic rod 63 moves, the viscous piston 62 slides in the oil cylinder 61, providing a damping effect through the viscosity of the liquid, thereby absorbing energy.

[0074] The ends of the telescopic rod 63 are movably connected to the top and bottom universal heads 64 through pins. These universal heads allow the telescopic rod 63 to tilt and rotate in different directions, providing flexibility so that the energy absorber 6 can adapt to various dynamic loads and motion states.

[0075] Specifically, Fig.11 and Fig.12As shown: the bottom retaining frame 5 includes a second buffer frame 53 installed on the bottom end of several lower suspension cables 10, and several second tough support rods 52 are fixed to the inner wall of the second buffer frame 53, and a retaining core 51 is commonly fixed to the opposite ends of the several second tough support rods 52, and several clamping seats 55 are arranged on the surface of the retaining core 51, and an electric clamp 54 is fixed to the inner wall of the clamping seat 55, and a horizontal roller 56 is arranged at the clamping end of the electric clamp 54.

[0076] The second buffer frame 53 is the core structure of the bottom retaining frame 5 and is connected to the bottom end of the lower suspension cable 10. Its main function is to provide a fixing point for the lower suspension cable 10 and to disperse and buffer the force that may be generated during the lifting process through the internal structure to reduce the impact.

[0077] The second toughness support rods 52 are fixed on the inner wall of the second buffer frame 53. These support rods have certain elasticity and toughness. When encountering a large force or impact, the second toughness support rods 52 can be deformed to play the role of energy absorption and buffering, thereby protecting the entire device from damage.

[0078] The retaining core 51 and the plurality of second toughness struts 52 are fixed together with the retaining core 51, which is located at the center of the bottom retaining frame 5. The main function of the retaining core 51 is to serve as a force point between the clamping seat 55 and the load-bearing steel cable 12 to ensure the stability of the force on the clamping seat 55.

[0079] The clamping seat 55 is installed on the surface of the retaining core 51, and an electric clamp 54 is installed inside the clamping seat 55. The electric clamp 54 can be fixed at an appropriate position to clamp the load-bearing steel cable 12.

[0080] The main function of the electric clamp 54 is to clamp the load-bearing steel cable 12, and a horizontal roller 56 is installed at its clamping end. The electric clamp 54 can adjust the clamping force as needed to ensure that the bottom retaining frame 5 can be located at the corresponding position of the load-bearing steel cable 12 when lifting an object, and can maintain a sufficient pulling force on the passive damper 3. The horizontal roller 56 allows the load-bearing steel cable 12 to slide freely in the horizontal direction, reducing the friction and wear caused by the rotation of the load-bearing steel cable 12, and at the same time ensuring that the load-bearing steel cable 12 can be freely adjusted in any direction to adapt to the change of the center of gravity of the lifting object.

[0081] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown: a plurality of first branch ropes 13 are installed at the bottom end of the load-bearing steel cable 12, and a boom 14 for dispersing the lifting tension and balancing the lifting force points is fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of first branch ropes 13.

[0082] By setting the first branch rope 13, the tension of the load-bearing steel cable 12 can be evenly dispersed to the boom 14. The boom 14 serves as a support and can change the direction of force, changing the vertical tension into a diffused and inclined tension, thereby improving the stability of lifting and increasing the installation distance and range.

[0083] Specifically, Fig.10 As shown: the active regulator 7 includes a storage tank 71 installed on the inner wall of the annular support frame 1, a connecting pipe 77 is installed on one side of the storage tank 71, a ventilation hole 76 is opened at the other end of the storage tank 71, and the other end of the connecting pipe 77 is connected to one end of the oil cylinder 61 of the corresponding energy absorber 6;

[0084] A pressure regulating piston 73 and a travel piston 74 are slidably fitted on the inner wall of the storage tank 71, and a hydraulic rod 72 is fixedly penetrated on the other side of the storage tank 71. The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 72 is fixedly connected to one side of the pressure regulating piston 73, and a solenoid valve 75 is installed on one side of the pressure regulating piston 73.

[0085] The storage tank 71 is mounted on the inner wall of the annular support frame 1 as the main structure of the active regulator 7 and is used to store liquid (usually oil). A connecting pipe 77 is installed on one side of the storage tank 71 to connect the liquid in the storage tank 71 with the oil cylinder 61 of the energy absorber 6 to achieve the flow and circulation of the liquid.

[0086] The connecting pipe 77 connects the storage tank 71 and the oil cylinder 61 of the energy absorber 6, so that the liquid in the storage tank 71 can flow into the energy absorber 6 and participate in the damping process of the energy absorber 6. The design of the connecting pipe 77 ensures smooth liquid flow and a closed cycle of the system.

[0087] The pressure regulating piston 73 and the stroke piston 74 are attached to the inner wall of the storage tank 71 and can slide in the storage tank 71. The pressure regulating piston 73 is used to adjust the pressure in the storage tank 71, thereby affecting the liquid pressure in the oil cylinder 61 of the energy absorber 6 to adjust the damping force. The stroke piston 74 moves freely according to the change in the volume of the liquid to adapt to different working conditions.

[0088] The hydraulic rod 72 is fixed to the other side of the storage tank 71 and connected to the pressure regulating piston 73. The extension and contraction of the hydraulic rod 72 can directly affect the position of the pressure regulating piston 73, thereby changing the pressure in the storage tank 71, and achieving the purpose of actively regulating the damping force of the energy absorber 6.

[0089] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown: a plurality of second branch ropes 15 for fixing the hoisted object are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the boom 14, and the bottom ends of the plurality of second branch ropes 15 are commonly fixed to a bracket 16 for supporting the hoisted object.

[0090] The second branch rope 15 can be fixed to the hoisted object under the dispersing effect of the boom 14, or directly fixed to the trailer evenly for hoisting, further dispersing the force to multiple points and improving stability.

[0091] The top end of the unloading sleeve 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the slide cylinder 43. The load-bearing steel cable 12 penetrates and slides on the inner wall of the unloading sleeve 17 and the retaining core 51.

[0092] When the present solution is used, the optimal damping force can be matched according to the different gravity of the weight. When the load-bearing steel cable 12 pulls the hoisted object, as the load-bearing steel cable 12 is gradually straightened, the surface of the load-bearing steel cable 12 is fixed by the bottom retaining frame 5. When the load-bearing steel cable 12 is straightened, it will pull multiple lower suspension cables 10 through the bottom retaining frame 5, and pull multiple passive dampers 3 through the lower suspension cables 10 and the annular lining 11, so that the passive dampers 3 are stretched at the length of the straightened load-bearing steel cable 12. After the damping spring 34 is compressed, the re-deformation force is increased, so that the damping force can be adjusted when using different weights.

[0093] At the same time, during lifting, with the movement of the hoisted object or the influence of wind, its inertial force will act on the load-bearing steel cable 12 to cause it to tilt or deviate. In this process, the lateral force at the bottom end of the load-bearing steel cable 12 will move the bottom retaining frame 5 in the direction of the inertial force. The force of the bottom retaining frame 5 pulls the annular liner 11 to tilt through the lower suspension cable 10. The annular liner 11 unloads the force by pulling multiple passive dampers 3 of different deformation amounts on one side when tilting, and continues to remain vertical under the reset force of the passive damper 3. In summary, the passive damper 3 of this scheme can realize the change of damping force to adapt to the damping of objects of different weights, and at the same time can reduce the influence of inertial force on the deviation of the center of gravity of the hoisted object, keep its hoisting center of gravity quickly vertical to avoid large changes, and realize universal passive damping unloading energy absorption, reduce the swaying caused by inertial force movement or strong wind due to excessive movement speed;

[0094] When there is strong wind or rapid movement, the load-bearing steel cable 12 will tilt to a large extent. During this process, the energy absorption of the passive damper 3 is in a high-load state, and its energy absorption efficiency decreases exponentially. When the load-bearing steel cable 12 tilts and deflects to a large extent, the center of gravity of the hoisted object shifts, and the passive damper 3 stretches and compresses the damping spring 34 to a large extent. The annular liner 11 tilts to a large extent, but the annular support frame 1 remains in a horizontal state. It is directly fixed to the top of the crane through the upper suspension cable 9 and the top retaining frame 4. When the load-bearing steel cable 12 is tilted, the unloading sleeve 17 on its surface will be displaced accordingly. If the center of the circle of the annular support frame 1 is taken as the midpoint, the unloading sleeve 17 will leave the midpoint and deflect under the action of the load-bearing steel cable 12. In this process, the unloading sleeve 17 will squeeze at least two energy absorbers 6 in the moving direction and stretch at least two energy absorbers 6 in the moving direction, so that when the internal oil of the energy absorber 6 circulates with the oil in the active regulator 7 during the expansion and contraction process, it is damped by the viscosity of the liquid, and can effectively unload force and absorb energy;

[0095] What needs to be explained in the above effects is the specific operation mechanism of the passive damper 3 and the bottom retainer 5;

[0096] The bottom retaining frame 5 is distributed around the retaining core 51 through a plurality of electric clamps 54, so that the load-bearing steel cable 12 can be clamped by the horizontal roller 56, so that the load-bearing steel cable 12 cannot move in the vertical direction, but can rotate in the horizontal direction, thereby avoiding limiting the rotation of the load-bearing steel cable 12 and causing damage to it or high-load wear of the load-bearing steel cable 12;

[0097] At the same time, the second resilient support rod 52 can connect the second buffer frame 53 and the retaining core 51. When a large instantaneous force occurs, the second resilient support rod 52 can bend or deform to unload the force to avoid rigid damage.

[0098] The operating mechanism of the passive damper 3 is that the two variable-angle pull ropes 35 on the upper and lower sides can change their angles under the action of tension, so that the two side frames 33 fixed at one end can move toward each other. In this process, they slide on the surface of the main shaft 31 and compress the damping spring 34. The damping spring 34 applies a reset force to the side frame 33, so that the ring liner 11 can reset upward after being pulled downward, thereby achieving damping energy absorption. At the same time, when excessive force occurs, the two side plates slide on the surface of the main shaft 31 and contact the protective seat 32. At this time, the side plates are supported and the damping spring 34 cannot be compressed, thereby avoiding damage to the damping spring 34.

[0099] When the above-mentioned liquid viscosity energy absorption state is in operation, its active regulator 7 is in a free damping energy absorption mode, that is, the solenoid valve 75 is in a connected state, and the outside air can pass through the air exchange hole 76 and the solenoid valve 75 to enter between the pressure regulating piston 73 and the stroke piston 74. The stroke piston 74 slides freely with the change of the amount of oil in the storage tank 71, and at the same time, the strength of damping energy absorption can be limited. Based on the principle that the bottom of the load-bearing steel cable 12 shakes more and the top shakes less, the flow rate of the oil flowing in the energy absorber 6 is actually limited. By opening the solenoid valve 75 and driving the hydraulic rod 72, the hydraulic rod 72 adjusts the distance between the pressure regulating piston 73 and the stroke piston 74 so that the air volume is different when the distance between them is different, and closes the solenoid valve 75. Then, the larger the air volume, the larger the movement of the stroke piston 74, and the smaller the air volume, the smaller the movement of the stroke piston 74. In the expansion and compression process of the gas, damping and energy absorption at a smaller amplitude can be achieved, and the damping force and efficiency are different due to the different air volumes, so dynamic regulation can be achieved.

[0100] At the same time, when the solenoid valve 75 is closed, the hydraulic rod 72 is driven to retract and retract, and the pressure regulating piston 73 and the stroke piston 74 are at a smaller distance, so that the air volume is smaller. At this time, the stroke piston 74 is directly and actively controlled by the hydraulic rod 72, and the energy absorber 6 can also realize active retraction and extension under the action of hydraulic pressure, and can apply a reverse force to the load-bearing steel cable 12 to strengthen the reset force thereof. The advance amount is stabilized through dynamic control and the set stability control algorithm system. In summary, through the cooperation of the energy absorber 6 and the active regulator 7, multiple modes of use can be realized, and passive energy absorption and absorption capacity changes can be controlled. Active force can also be applied in the advance direction to unload the force, thereby reducing the change of the center of gravity during the offset process and ensuring the overall stability.

[0101] During the above use, the operating mechanism of the energy absorber 6 and the top retainer 4 needs to be explained clearly;

[0102] The oil cylinder 61 of the energy absorber 6 cooperates with the viscous piston 62 on the inner wall. The viscous piston 62 slides on the inner wall of the oil cylinder 61 as the telescopic rod 63 moves, so that it can flow through the connecting pipe 77 to the changes of the internal oil, and realize damping through the viscosity of the liquid flow. At the same time, it can be hydraulically driven by the oil. The bottom universal head 64 and the top universal head 65 at both ends can realize the connection of the energy absorber 6 to be tilted up and down or horizontally at both ends, and can adapt to the dislocation or extrusion of different directions and heights to maintain a stable connection and force effect;

[0103] The mounting frame 45 of the top retaining frame 4 is fixed to the crane through the mounting bolt 46, and is fixed to the first buffer frame 41 through the buffer sleeve 44 at the bottom. The buffer sleeve 44 can be broken when subjected to excessive force to avoid rigid connection. For example, the huge lateral force caused by collision is likely to cause the micro crane to overturn. The connection method of the buffer sleeve 44 can play a protective role similar to that of a coupling.

[0104] The cooperation of the first buffer frame 41 and the first resilient support rod 42 can reduce the force exerted on the mounting frame 45 by the load-bearing steel cable 12, thereby ensuring the stability of the installation. At the same time, the first resilient support rod 42 can adapt to the slight deformation of the top end of the slide tube 43 by the deformation amount.

[0105] Therefore, this scheme can realize a stable lifting center of gravity maintaining mechanism, which can not only adapt to the faster moving lifting of objects and enhance construction efficiency, but also has a better effect in overcoming the safety hazards caused by strong winds. The stability of the lifting object is improved, the center of gravity is maintained at a better level, and the safety of the construction site is significantly improved.

[0106] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic adjustment device for the lifting center of gravity of a micro crane, characterized in that: include: An annular support frame (1); an annular liner (11); the annular liner (11) is arranged below the annular support frame (1), and the annular liner (11) is axially perpendicular to the bottom of the annular support frame (1); a load-bearing steel cable (12); the load-bearing steel cable (12) axially penetrates and slides on the inner wall of the annular support frame (1) and the annular liner (11), and is used for lifting and supporting goods; a plurality of passive dampers (3); the two ends of the passive damper (3) are respectively connected to the annular support frame (1) and the annular liner (11), and the passive damper (3) is vertically arranged between the annular support frame (1) and the annular liner (11), and is used for passive energy absorption and damping reset of the eccentric movement of the load-bearing steel cable (12); A top retaining frame (4); the top retaining frame (4) is arranged above the annular support frame (1), and a plurality of upper suspension cables (9) are fixed between the top retaining frame (4) and the annular support frame (1); a bottom retaining frame (5); the bottom retaining frame (5) is arranged below the annular liner (11), and a plurality of lower suspension cables (10) are fixed between the bottom retaining frame (5) and the annular liner (11); a plurality of upper connecting plates (2) and lower connecting plates (8); the upper connecting plate (2) is fixedly connected to the surface of the annular support frame (1) and is used for fixing the bottom ends of the plurality of upper suspension cables (9); the lower connecting plate (8) ) is fixedly connected to the surface of the annular liner (11), the surface of the lower connecting plate (8) and the top of the corresponding lower suspension cable (10) are fixedly connected to a plurality of energy absorbers (6); a force unloading sleeve (17) is commonly fixed to the opposite ends of the plurality of energy absorbers (6), and the other end of the energy absorber (6) is fixedly connected to one side of the corresponding upper connecting plate (2) for damping and absorbing energy of the load-bearing steel cable (12); a plurality of active regulators (7); the active regulators (7) are connected to the corresponding energy absorbers (6), and the active regulators (7) are used to control the damping force of the energy absorber (6) and the active posture control of the load-bearing steel cable (12); The passive damper (3) comprises a main shaft (31), a damping spring (34) is spirally wound and slidably mounted on the surface of the main shaft (31), two ends of the damping spring (34) are fixedly connected to side frames (33), the side frames (33) penetrate and slide on the surface of the main shaft (31), and the surface of the main shaft (31) is fixedly connected to a protective seat (32) for limiting the minimum spacing between the two side frames (33) and supporting them; variable angle pull ropes (35) are movably mounted on the upper and lower surfaces of the side frames (33), and the ends of the two variable angle pull ropes (35) that are separated from each other are respectively mounted on the surfaces of the upper connecting plate (2) and the lower connecting plate (8).

2. The automatic adjustment device for the lifting center of gravity of a micro crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top retaining frame (4) comprises a plurality of mounting bolts (46) fixed to the crane, a mounting frame (45) being fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of mounting bolts (46), a plurality of buffer sleeves (44) being arranged on the surface of the mounting frame (45), and a first buffer frame (41) being arranged to the bottom ends of the plurality of buffer sleeves (44); A plurality of first resilient support rods (42) are fixed to the inner wall of the first buffer frame (41), and a slide cylinder (43) is commonly fixed to opposite ends of the plurality of first resilient support rods (42); The load-bearing steel cable (12) penetrates and slides on the inner wall of the slide cylinder (43), and the surface of the first buffer frame (41) is installed on the top ends of a plurality of upper suspension cables (9).

3. The automatic adjustment device for the lifting center of gravity of a micro crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy absorber (6) comprises an oil cylinder (61), the inner wall of the oil cylinder (61) is sealed and slidably provided with a viscous piston (62), one side of the viscous piston (62) is fixedly connected with a telescopic rod (63), the telescopic rod (63) penetrates and slides on one end of the oil cylinder (61), and the end of the telescopic rod (63) away from the oil cylinder (61) is movably connected to a top universal head (65) and a bottom universal head (64) via a pin shaft; The other side of the top universal head (65) is movably connected to the side wall of the unloading sleeve (17) through a pin shaft, and the other side of the bottom universal head (64) is movably connected to the surface of the corresponding upper connecting plate (2) through a pin shaft.

4. The automatic adjustment device for the lifting center of gravity of a micro crane according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom retaining frame (5) includes a second buffer frame (53) installed at the bottom end of a plurality of lower suspension cables (10), a plurality of second resilient support rods (52) are fixed to the inner wall of the second buffer frame (53), a retaining core (51) is commonly fixed to the opposite ends of the plurality of second resilient support rods (52), a plurality of clamping seats (55) are arranged on the surface of the retaining core (51), an electric clamp (54) is fixed to the inner wall of the clamping seat (55), and a horizontal roller (56) is arranged at the clamping end of the electric clamp (54).

5. The automatic adjustment device for the lifting center of gravity of a micro crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first branch ropes (13) are installed at the bottom end of the load-bearing steel cable (12), and a lifting arm (14) for dispersing the lifting tension and balancing the lifting force points is commonly fixed at the bottom ends of the plurality of first branch ropes (13).

6. The automatic adjustment device for the lifting center of gravity of a micro crane according to claim 3, characterized in that: The active regulator (7) comprises a storage tank (71) installed on the inner wall of the annular support frame (1), a connecting pipe (77) is installed on one side of the storage tank (71), a ventilation hole (76) is opened at the other end of the storage tank (71), and the other end of the connecting pipe (77) is connected to one end of the oil cylinder (61) of the corresponding energy absorber (6); A pressure regulating piston (73) and a travel piston (74) are slidably fitted on the inner wall of the storage tank (71), a hydraulic rod (72) is fixedly passed through the other side of the storage tank (71), a telescopic end of the hydraulic rod (72) is fixedly connected to one side of the pressure regulating piston (73), and a solenoid valve (75) is installed through one side of the pressure regulating piston (73).

7. The automatic adjustment device for the lifting center of gravity of a micro crane according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of second branch ropes (15) for fixing the hoisted object are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the boom (14), and the bottom ends of the plurality of second branch ropes (15) are commonly fixed to a bracket (16) for supporting the hoisted object.

8. The automatic adjustment device for the lifting center of gravity of a micro crane according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the unloading sleeve (17) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the slide cylinder (43).

9. The automatic adjustment device for the lifting center of gravity of a micro crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load-bearing steel cable (12) penetrates and slides on the inner wall of the unloading sleeve (17) and the retaining core (51).

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