A hydrogen fuel cell air cooling device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell heat dissipation technology, and specifically to an air-cooled heat dissipation device for hydrogen fuel cells, including a fixed bracket, an adaptive air supply device, a dust-proof circulation track, a uniform flow rack and a dust cover, wherein the fixed bracket is used to limit and fix multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks, and both ends of the fixed bracket are equipped with circulation joints, the dust-proof circulation track is installed inside multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks, the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track is provided with a plurality of output ends, the dust-proof circulation track is used to filter the incoming air, the uniform flow rack and the adaptive air supply device are both installed inside the dust-proof circulation track, the adaptive air supply device is used to convey airflow into the dust-proof circulation track, the uniform flow rack is used to guide the incoming airflow to the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track to evenly diffuse and flow, and the dust cover is sleeved on the outer side of multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks to shield dust. The present invention can effectively improve the heat dissipation uniformity and adaptability, and at the same time prolong the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell heat dissipation, and in particular to an air-cooling heat dissipation device for a hydrogen fuel cell. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of hydrogen fuel cell technology, its application in many fields such as automobiles, drones, electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft is becoming more and more extensive. However, hydrogen fuel cells generate a lot of heat during operation, and an efficient heat dissipation system is required to ensure its stable performance and service life.

[0003] Chinese patent CN219144229U discloses an air-cooling heat dissipation device for hydrogen fuel cells, which includes a hydrogen fuel cell stack, a fixed component and a fan. An air duct connected to the outside is provided in the middle of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, both ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack are installed in the fixed component, and the side of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is exposed to the air, one end of the fan is connected to the fixed component, and the other end of the fan extends into the air duct, and the fan rotates to allow air to enter the air duct from the gap outside the hydrogen fuel cell stack, or the air in the air duct flows out through the gap of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. The hydrogen fuel cell stack can be ventilated all around, and more air can enter the gap of the hydrogen fuel cell stack per unit time, which greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency. Moreover, since the fan is embedded in the air duct, it can provide higher energy efficiency and better energy utilization.

[0004] Although the above technical solution realizes the air flow from the gap outside the hydrogen fuel cell stack to the central air duct or reverse flow, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency and reducing the volume occupied by the fan. However, although this design scheme performs well in improving heat dissipation efficiency and space utilization, due to the long-term circulation of airflow with the gap of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, dust and impurities in the air are easily attached to the gap of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. These attached dusts will not only affect the heat dissipation effect of the stack and reduce its heat dissipation performance, but may also damage the stack and affect its service life. What is more serious is that once dust adheres to the stack, it will become very difficult to clean it, increasing the maintenance cost and difficulty. At the same time, it is difficult for the device to effectively evenly flow the airflow to each gap of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, which will result in poor heat dissipation uniformity of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and the device can only be used for heat dissipation of a single hydrogen fuel cell stack with a special structure, resulting in poor adaptability. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, a hydrogen fuel cell air-cooling heat dissipation device is provided. The dust-proof air-cooling heat dissipation device can effectively improve the heat dissipation uniformity and adaptability, while extending the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0006] To solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell air-cooling heat dissipation device, including a dust-proof air-cooling heat dissipation device installed between multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks, the dust-proof air-cooling heat dissipation device including a fixed bracket, an adaptive air supply device, a dust-proof circulation track, a flow-uniform frame and a dust cover, the fixed bracket is used to limit and fix the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks, both ends of the fixed bracket are equipped with flow joints, the dust-proof circulation track is installed inside the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks, the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track is provided with a plurality of output ends, the dust-proof circulation track is used to filter the incoming air, the flow-uniform frame and the adaptive air supply device are both installed inside the dust-proof circulation track, the adaptive air supply device is used to convey airflow into the dust-proof circulation track, the flow-uniform frame is used to guide the incoming airflow to evenly diffuse and flow toward the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track, and the dust cover is sleeved on the outside of the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks to shield dust.

[0007] Preferably, the adaptive air supply device comprises an adaptive driving device installed on the flow joint, a first transmission shaft is installed on the output end of the adaptive driving device, and a supply fan blade is installed on the first transmission shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the adaptive drive device includes a rotating driver installed on the flow joint, a rotating connecting disk installed on the output end of the rotating driver, a plurality of movable clamping blocks and limiting adsorption blocks installed inside the rotating connecting disk, a rotating connecting ring installed at the axial position of the rotating connecting disk, the rotating connecting ring is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft, and a plurality of clamping protrusions are installed on the outer side of the rotating connecting ring.

[0009] Preferably, a main ventilation duct is provided at the axial position of the dustproof circulation track, the inner wall of the dustproof circulation track is covered with diffusion ventilation holes, and the inner wall of the dustproof circulation track is also installed with multiple strip filter layers, which are used to filter the air flowing to the diffusion ventilation holes.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of cooling liquid circulation chambers are provided in the wall thickness of the dustproof circulation track, the interiors of the plurality of cooling liquid circulation chambers are interconnected, and a circulating circulation heat dissipation mechanism is also installed on the side of the dustproof circulation track.

[0011] Preferably, the circulating circulation heat dissipation mechanism includes a plurality of heat dissipation circulation tubes installed on the side of the dust-proof circulation track, a circulating pump tube is installed at one end of the heat dissipation circulation tube away from the dust-proof circulation track, the circulating pump tube is connected to the heat dissipation circulation tube, a circulating pump wheel is installed inside the circulating pump tube, a second transmission shaft is also installed on the circulation pump wheel, and the second transmission shaft is connected to the first transmission shaft in transmission.

[0012] Preferably, a heat dissipation block is installed on the outer side of the heat dissipation circulation pipe, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the heat dissipation block, and a plurality of inclined heat dissipation fins are provided inside the mounting holes.

[0013] Preferably, the flow-uniform frame is installed inside the dust-proof circulation track, and a plurality of conical air guide plates are installed inside the flow-uniform frame, and the conical air guide plates are provided with circulation holes at the axial positions thereof.

[0014] Preferably, the flow holes of the plurality of conical air guide plates are arranged in a gradually decreasing manner, and the outer walls of the plurality of conical air guide plates are further provided with flow-uniforming blades.

[0015] Preferably, the dust cover comprises an annular filter layer, both ends of the annular filter layer are provided with mounting rings, and a plurality of limiting support rings are evenly spacedly distributed on the outer wall of the annular filter layer.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. By introducing an adaptive air supply device and a uniform flow rack, precise control and uniform distribution of the airflow entering multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks are achieved. The adaptive air supply device can intelligently adjust the air supply volume and wind speed according to the actual temperature and heat dissipation requirements of the stack, ensuring the best airflow cooling effect under any working conditions. At the same time, the design of the uniform flow rack effectively avoids local concentration or eddy currents of the airflow, ensuring that the airflow can flow evenly and fully through each gap in the hydrogen fuel cell stack, thereby significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency and uniformity, and extending the service life of the stack.

[0018] 2. The ingenious combination of the dust cover and the dust-proof circulation track constructs an efficient dust-proof barrier. The dust cover effectively isolates the direct contact of external dust and impurities with the hydrogen fuel cell stack, while the built-in filtering mechanism of the dust-proof circulation track further filters the dust entering the airflow. The double protection ensures the cleanliness of the internal environment of the stack. This design not only reduces the adhesion of dust in the gap between the stacks and reduces the impact on the heat dissipation effect, but also greatly simplifies the subsequent cleaning and maintenance work, reduces maintenance costs and difficulties, and improves the overall reliability of the equipment. At the same time, multiple coolant circulation chambers are added to the wall thickness of the dust-proof circulation track, and these chambers are interconnected to form an efficient coolant circulation system. The design of the coolant circulation chamber enables the dust-proof circulation track to not only have the functions of air circulation and filtration, but also to further reduce the temperature of the stack through the circulation of the coolant and improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0019] 3. The fixed bracket can flexibly fix multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks to form a ring structure, so that the device can adapt to hydrogen fuel cell systems of different sizes and configurations. In addition, components such as dust-proof circulation tracks and adaptive air supply devices are designed to be detachable and interchangeable, which is convenient for customization and optimization according to specific needs. This design not only improves the adaptability of the device, but also enables it to be widely used in various mobile vehicles and fixed equipment to meet the heat dissipation needs in different scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an air-cooling heat dissipation device for a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a disassembly diagram of an air-cooling heat dissipation device for a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention is a plan cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation state of an air-cooled heat dissipation device of a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0023] Figure 4 The present invention is a planar cross-sectional stereoscopic diagram of an air-cooling heat dissipation device for a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an adaptive drive device in an air-cooled heat dissipation device of a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 7 The invention is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a dust-proof circulation track in an air-cooling heat dissipation device of a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0027] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0028] Fig. 9 The present invention is a plan cross-sectional view of a dust-proof circulation track in an air-cooling heat dissipation device of a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0029] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a flow-uniform frame in an air-cooled heat dissipation device of a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0030] Fig.11 The present invention is a front view of a partial structural engagement transmission state of an adaptive drive device in an air-cooled heat dissipation device of a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0031] The numbers in the figure are:

[0032] 1. Hydrogen fuel cell stack; 2. Fixed bracket; 21. Circulation joint; 3. Adaptive air supply device; 31. Adaptive drive device; 32. Rotary drive; 33. Rotating connection plate; 331. Active clamp block; 332. Position-limiting adsorption block; 34. Rotating connection ring; 341. Clamping convex block; 35. First transmission shaft; 36. Air supply fan blade; 4. Dust-proof circulation track; 41. Main ventilation duct; 42. Diffusion ventilation hole; 43. Strip filter layer; 44. Circulation Heat dissipation mechanism; 441, circulation pump pipe; 4411, liquid inlet; 4412, liquid outlet; 442, circulation pump wheel; 443, second transmission shaft; 444, heat dissipation circulation pipe; 4441, heat dissipation block; 4442, mounting hole; 4443, inclined heat sink; 5, flow uniformity rack; 51, rotating brush; 52, conical air guide plate; 521, flow uniformity blade; 522, circulation hole; 6, dust cover; 61, annular filter layer; 62, limit support ring; 63, mounting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a hydrogen fuel cell air-cooling heat dissipation device includes a dust-proof air-cooling heat dissipation device installed between multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1, the dust-proof air-cooling heat dissipation device includes a fixed bracket 2, an adaptive air supply device 3, a dust-proof circulation track 4, a flow rack 5 and a dust cover 6, the fixed bracket 2 is used to limit and fix multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1, and both ends of the fixed bracket 2 are equipped with flow joints 21, the dust-proof circulation track 4 is installed inside the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1, the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track 4 is provided with a plurality of output ends, the dust-proof circulation track 4 is used to filter the incoming air, the flow rack 5 and the adaptive air supply device 3 are both installed inside the dust-proof circulation track 4, the adaptive air supply device 3 is used to convey airflow to the dust-proof circulation track 4, the flow rack 5 is used to guide the incoming airflow to evenly diffuse and flow toward the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track 4, and the dust cover 6 is sleeved on the outside of the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1, and the dust cover 6 is used to shield dust.

[0035] The fixed bracket 2 is used to position and fix multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1. The fixed bracket 2 assembles multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 into a ring, so that the middle position of the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 forms a flow duct, and the stacking gap of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 forms a heat dissipation duct. The hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 is used on a mobile vehicle. The flow joints 21 at both ends of the fixed bracket 2 are used to connect the air inlet duct. The fixed bracket 2 serves as the basic structure of the entire device, firmly fixing the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 to ensure that the stack will not be displaced or damaged due to vibration during the driving of the mobile vehicle. The flow joints 21 are installed at both ends of the fixed bracket 2 as the connection points between the air inlet duct and the flow duct of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1. They allow the outside air to enter the interior of the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 smoothly after pretreatment. The dustproof flow track 4 is installed in the flow duct, and the inner wall is provided with multiple output ends. These output ends not only serve as the outlet of the air flow, but also have a built-in filtering mechanism for filtering dust and impurities in the air to protect the stack from pollution. The adaptive air supply device 3 intelligently adjusts the air supply volume and wind speed according to the actual heat dissipation requirements of the fuel cell stack, ensuring that suitable airflow can be provided under different working conditions. The uniform flow rack 5 is installed inside the dust-proof circulation track 4. Its structural design enables the airflow entering the track to diffuse evenly in all directions to avoid the formation of local eddies or dead zones, ensuring that each gap in the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 can receive sufficient and uniform airflow cooling. The dust cover 6 is tightly mounted on the outside of multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 to form a physical barrier, effectively isolating external dust and impurities from directly contacting the surface of the fuel cell stack, further protecting the fuel cell stack from pollution.

[0036] When the mobile vehicle is traveling, the outside air enters the circulation joint 21 through the air inlet duct, and enters the dust-proof circulation track 4 after preliminary filtration. The uniform flow rack 5 guides the clean airflow to the multiple output ends inside the dust-proof circulation track 4. The output end of the dust-proof circulation track 4 evenly flows the airflow to the various gaps of the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 to achieve heat dissipation. If the heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 cannot be met by the natural airflow, the adaptive air supply device 3 is started. When the adaptive air supply device 3 is started, the gas flow rate will be further increased to achieve efficient heat dissipation. At the same time, the dust cover 6 and the dust-proof circulation track 4 can cooperate to further enhance the dust-proof performance of the device, ensuring that the stack can still maintain a good working condition in a complex environment. The entire system achieves dual optimization of heat dissipation efficiency and dust-proof performance through intelligent regulation.

[0037] See also Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the adaptive air supply device 3 includes an adaptive driving device 31 installed on the flow joint 21 , and a first transmission shaft 35 is installed at the output end of the adaptive driving device 31 , and a supply fan blade 36 is installed on the first transmission shaft 35 .

[0038] When the mobile vehicle starts to move, the outside air first enters the flow joint 21 of the fixed bracket 2 through the air inlet duct. Subsequently, the air enters the dust-proof flow track 4. The design of the uniform flow rack 5 ensures that the airflow entering the dust-proof flow track 4 can be evenly diffused in all directions, avoiding the formation of local eddies or dead zones, and ensuring that the gaps of each hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 can be adequately and evenly cooled by airflow. The inner wall of the dust-proof flow track 4 is designed with multiple output ends, which can evenly distribute the airflow to the various gaps of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 for heat dissipation, in order to further improve the heat dissipation efficiency. The adaptive drive device 31 is installed on the flow joint 21, and its working state is intelligently adjusted according to the actual heat dissipation requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1. When the naturally circulating airflow is not enough to meet the heat dissipation requirements, the adaptive drive device 31 starts, drives the first transmission shaft 35 to rotate, and then drives the fan blades 36 to accelerate the rotation. The rotation of the fan blades 36 generates additional airflow power, significantly increasing the flow rate of air in the dust-proof flow track 4, thereby achieving a more efficient heat dissipation effect.

[0039] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig.11 As shown, the adaptive driving device 31 includes a rotating driver 32 installed on the flow joint 21, a rotating connecting disk 33 is installed on the output end of the rotating driver 32, a plurality of movable clamping blocks 331 and a limiting adsorption block 332 are installed inside the rotating connecting disk 33, a rotating connecting ring 34 is installed at the axial position of the rotating connecting disk 33, and a plurality of clamping protrusions 341 are installed on the outer side of the rotating connecting ring 34.

[0040] The limiting adsorption block 332 is fixed on the inner wall of the driving ring, and is used to generate a slight adsorption force on the movable block 331. The limiting adsorption block 332 can effectively act on the movable block 331, and will not hinder the rotation of the movable block 331.

[0041] The rotating connection disk 33 is rotatably connected to the rotating connection ring 34 , and the movable clamping block 331 is rotatably connected to the rotating connection disk 33 . The rotating connection ring 34 is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft 35 .

[0042] When the mobile vehicle starts to move, the outside air first enters the flow joint 21 of the fixed bracket 2 through the air inlet duct. Then, the air enters the dustproof flow track 4. The design of the uniform flow frame 5 ensures that the airflow entering the dustproof flow track 4 can be evenly diffused in all directions, avoiding the formation of local eddies or dead zones, and ensuring that the gaps in each hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 can be adequately and evenly cooled by airflow. When the airflow circulates naturally, the fan blades 36 will rotate under the influence of the airflow. When the fan blades 36 rotate, the first transmission shaft 35 will drive the rotating connecting ring 34 to rotate synchronously. When the rotating connecting ring 34 rotates, the movable block 331 will be adsorbed and positioned by the limiting adsorption block 332, so that the movable block 331 is separated from the rotating connecting ring 34, effectively reducing the resistance of the fan blades 36 to rotate, and ensuring the fluidity of the airflow.

[0043] According to the actual heat dissipation requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1, the working state of the rotary driver 32 is intelligently adjusted. When the naturally circulated airflow is insufficient to meet the heat dissipation requirements, the rotary driver 32 is started. When the rotary driver 32 is started, the power it provides will drive the rotating connection disk 33 to rotate. Since the movable block 331 is rotatably connected to the rotating connection disk 33, they will rotate together. The movable clamping block 331 is flat. When the rotating connecting disk 33 drives the movable clamping block 331 to rotate, airflow will pass through between the rotating connecting disk 33 and the movable clamping block 331. The airflow entering between the rotating connecting disk 33 and the movable clamping block 331 will form an airflow pushing pressure. The airflow pushing pressure will push the clamping end of the movable clamping block 331 to break away from the limiting adsorption block 332 and move toward the rotating connecting ring 34. At the same time, the movable clamping block 331 will be affected by a certain inertial force during the initial rotation. The inertial force will guide the clamping end of the movable clamping block 331 to move. Under the dual effects of the airflow pushing pressure and the inertial force, the movable clamping block 331 will overcome the adsorption force of the limiting adsorption block 332, thereby breaking away from the restraint of the limiting adsorption block 332. Once the movable clamping block 331 is separated from the limiting adsorption block 332, the clamping end of the movable clamping block 331 will contact and limit the clamping protrusion 341 on the rotating connecting ring 34. After the clamping protrusion 341 contacts the movable clamping block 331, it will drive the rotating connecting ring 34 to rotate synchronously. The rotating connecting ring 34 will then drive the first transmission shaft 35 to rotate, thereby driving the fan blades 36 to accelerate rotation. The fan blades 36 are further accelerated on the basis of the original natural rotation. As the rotation speed of the fan blades 36 increases, the airflow velocity in the dust-proof circulation track 4 will also increase significantly, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect on the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1. When the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 reaches the appropriate temperature, there is no need to increase the speed of the air supply blades 36, the rotary driver 32 stops driving, and then the rotary connection disk 33 stops rotating, but the rotary connection ring 34 continues to rotate due to the influence of rotational inertia, and when the rotary connection ring 34 rotates, the outer clamping protrusion 341 pushes the active block 331 to diffuse outward, and when the active block 331 diffuses outward, it will contact the limiting adsorption block 332, and the limiting adsorption block 332 will limit and adsorb the diffused active block 331 again, so that the active block 331 automatically resets. This intelligent control mechanism ensures that the best heat dissipation performance can be maintained under different working conditions.

[0044] See also Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, a main ventilation duct 41 is provided at the axial position of the dustproof circulation track 4, the inner wall of the dustproof circulation track 4 is covered with diffusion ventilation holes 42, and the inner wall of the dustproof circulation track 4 is also installed with a plurality of strip filter layers 43, which are used to filter the air flowing to the diffusion ventilation holes 42.

[0045] First, a main ventilation duct 41 is provided at the axial position of the dust-proof circulation track 4. This main ventilation duct 41, as the main channel for airflow, can efficiently guide the outside air into the middle position of the space surrounded by multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1. The existence of the main ventilation duct 41 ensures the smooth flow of airflow and provides sufficient air source for heat dissipation. Secondly, the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track 4 is covered with diffusion vents 42. These diffusion vents 42 evenly disperse the airflow in the main ventilation duct 41 into the various gaps of the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1. Through the design of the diffusion vents 42, the airflow can cover a wider area, thereby achieving a more comprehensive heat dissipation effect. In addition, a plurality of strip filter layers 43 are installed on the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track 4. These strip filter layers 43 fit tightly on the inner wall of the track to form an efficient filtration system. When air flows through the dust-proof circulation track 4, the strip filter layer 43 will capture and filter out impurities such as dust and particles in the air to ensure that the air entering the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 is clean. In this way, not only the components inside the battery stack are protected from pollution, but also the service life of the battery stack is extended. The axial main ventilation duct 41 of the dust-proof circulation track 4, the inner wall diffusion ventilation holes 42 and the strip filter layer 43 work together to ensure the smooth circulation of airflow and efficient heat dissipation, and achieve effective filtration of impurities in the air and dust protection.

[0046] See also Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown, a plurality of cooling liquid circulation chambers are provided in the wall thickness of the dustproof circulation track 4 , and the interiors of the plurality of cooling liquid circulation chambers are interconnected. A circulating circulation heat dissipation mechanism 44 is also installed on the side of the dustproof circulation track 4 .

[0047] According to the actual heat dissipation requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1, a plurality of coolant circulation chambers are added to the wall thickness of the dustproof circulation track 4, and these chambers are interconnected to form an efficient coolant circulation system. The design of the coolant circulation chamber enables the dustproof circulation track 4 to not only have the functions of air circulation and filtration, but also to further reduce the temperature of the stack through the circulation of the coolant. When the coolant flows in the chamber, it absorbs and takes away the heat generated by the stack, and then discharges it through the circulating circulation heat dissipation mechanism 44, thereby realizing efficient heat dissipation of the stack. The circulating circulation heat dissipation mechanism 44 is installed on the side of the dustproof circulation track 4. It is responsible for extracting the coolant from the coolant circulation chamber, returning it to the chamber after heat dissipation treatment, and forming a closed-loop coolant circulation system. By combining multiple methods of air circulation, filtration and coolant circulation heat dissipation, the dustproof circulation track 4 provides a comprehensive and efficient heat dissipation solution for multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1. This design not only improves the heat dissipation efficiency, but also enhances reliability and durability.

[0048] See also Figure 7 and Fig. 9As shown, the circulating circulation heat dissipation mechanism 44 includes a plurality of heat dissipation circulation tubes 444 installed on the side of the dust-proof circulation track 4, a circulating pump tube 441 is installed at one end of the heat dissipation circulation tube 444 away from the dust-proof circulation track 4, the circulating pump tube 441 is connected to the heat dissipation circulation tube 444, a circulating pump wheel 442 is installed inside the circulating pump tube 441, a second transmission shaft 443 is also installed on the circulation pump wheel 442, and the second transmission shaft 443 is connected to the first transmission shaft 35 in transmission.

[0049] The second transmission shaft 443 is in transmission connection with the first transmission shaft 35. A plurality of liquid inlets 4411 and liquid outlets 4412 are arranged on the outer side of the circulation pump pipe 441. The liquid inlets 4411 and the liquid outlets 4412 are both used to communicate with the heat dissipation circulation pipe 444.

[0050] When the first transmission shaft 35 rotates, it drives the second transmission shaft 443 to rotate synchronously, providing power for the circulation pump wheel 442 in the circulation pump pipe 441. The circulation pump wheel 442 is installed inside the circulation pump pipe 441 and rotates with the rotation of the second transmission shaft 443. The rotation of the circulation pump wheel 442 generates suction and pressure, so that the coolant is sucked into the pump pipe from the liquid inlet 4411 on the outside of the circulation pump pipe 441, and after being pressurized by the circulation pump wheel 442, it is pushed from the liquid outlet 4412 to the heat dissipation circulation pipe 444. The heat dissipation circulation pipe 444 is arranged along the side of the dust-proof circulation track 4 to form a circulation path for the coolant. When the coolant flows in the heat dissipation circulation pipe 444, it absorbs the heat generated by the battery stack. At the same time, part of the airflow passing through the dust-proof circulation track 4 will be guided to blow toward the heat dissipation circulation pipe 444. These airflows exchange heat with the surface of the heat dissipation circulation pipe 444, taking away the heat released by the coolant, thereby reducing the temperature of the heat dissipation circulation pipe 444 and the internal coolant. The coolant that has undergone heat dissipation treatment continues to flow in the heat dissipation circulation pipe 444, and eventually flows back to the liquid inlet 4411 of the circulation pump pipe 441, completing a complete circulation cycle. Inside the circulation pump pipe 441, the coolant is pressurized again by the circulation pump wheel 442 and pushed into the heat dissipation circulation pipe 444 for the next round of circulation heat dissipation. Through the continuous circulation of coolant and auxiliary airflow heat dissipation, the circulating circulation heat dissipation mechanism 44 can continuously and stably dissipate the heat generated by the battery stack to the surrounding environment, ensuring that the battery stack can still maintain a suitable operating temperature under long-term, high-load operation. Efficient heat dissipation treatment of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 is achieved.

[0051] See also Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a heat dissipation block 4441 is installed on the outer side of the heat dissipation circulation pipe 444 , a plurality of mounting holes 4442 are provided on the heat dissipation block 4441 , and a plurality of inclined heat dissipation fins 4443 are provided inside the mounting holes 4442 .

[0052] As an additional heat dissipation element, the heat dissipation block 4441 has a large surface area, which can significantly increase the heat exchange area with the surrounding air. This means that under the same airflow conditions, more heat can be transferred to the air, thereby achieving a faster heat dissipation effect. These inclined heat sinks 4443 not only increase the surface area of ​​the heat dissipation block 4441, but more importantly, their inclined design helps to guide the flow direction of the airflow. When the airflow passes through the dust-proof circulation track 4 and blows toward the heat dissipation circulation pipe 444, the inclined heat sink 4443 can change the flow trajectory of the airflow, so that the airflow forms eddies or turbulence on the surface of the heat dissipation block 4441, thereby increasing the heat exchange efficiency between the air and the heat dissipation block 4441. The presence of the inclined heat sink 4443 also promotes the convection heat exchange process of the air. Due to the inclination angle of the inclined heat sink 4443, the airflow will be subject to certain obstructions and disturbances when passing through, and this disturbance causes the temperature field and velocity field in the airflow to change, thereby enhancing the intensity and efficiency of the heat exchange. At the same time, the inclined heat sink 4443 also increases the disturbance of the airflow, so that the airflow stays on the surface of the heat sink 4441 for a longer time, which is conducive to the full transfer of heat. The heat sink 4441 is tightly connected to the heat dissipation circulation tube 444, and the heat of the coolant in the heat dissipation circulation tube 444 is quickly transferred to the surface of the heat sink 4441 by heat conduction. Subsequently, the heat is dissipated to the environment through the convection heat exchange process between the inclined heat sink 4443 and the surrounding air. Therefore, the heat sink 4441 and the inclined heat sink 4443 thereon together constitute an efficient heat dissipation system, which provides strong heat dissipation support for the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1.

[0053] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig.10 As shown, the flow-uniform frame 5 is installed inside the dust-proof circulation track 4, and a plurality of conical air guide plates 52 are installed inside the flow-uniform frame 5, and a circulation hole 522 is provided at the axial center position of the conical air guide plate 52.

[0054] The conical air guide plates 52 are evenly distributed at equal intervals, and a rotating brush 51 is installed on the outside of the flow equalizer frame 5. The flow equalizer frame 5 is connected to the outer wall of the rotating connecting plate 33. When the rotating connecting plate 33 is driven by the rotating driver 32, the flow equalizer frame 5 will rotate accordingly. The multiple conical air guide plates 52 installed inside the flow equalizer frame 5 are designed in a shape that is conducive to guiding the airflow to flow to the diffusion ventilation holes 42 of the dust-proof circulation track 4. The conical air guide plates 52 are evenly distributed at equal intervals, ensuring that the airflow can be evenly distributed throughout the dust-proof circulation track 4, avoiding the formation of local eddies or dead zones. The conical air guide plates 52 are provided with flow holes 522 at the axial position, and these flow holes 522 allow the airflow to pass smoothly, and are guided by the conical air guide plates 52 during the passing process, forming an orderly airflow flow. When the airflow enters the dust-proof circulation track 4, the conical air guide plates 52 will guide it to different directions, so that the airflow is more evenly distributed inside the entire track. This evenly distributed airflow helps to improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0055] The flow-uniform frame 5 is connected to the rotating connection disk 33. When the rotating connection disk 33 rotates, the flow-uniform frame 5 will also rotate. The rotating brush 51 installed on the outside of the flow-uniform frame 5 rotates with the rotation of the flow-uniform frame 5. The main function of the rotating brush 51 is to remove dust and impurities attached to the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track 4 to prevent them from affecting the flow of airflow and the heat dissipation effect. By continuously brushing and cleaning, the rotating brush 51 can keep the dust-proof circulation track 4 clean and unobstructed. The heat dissipation efficiency and operation stability are improved.

[0056] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Fig.10 As shown, the flow holes 522 of the plurality of conical air guide plates 52 are arranged in a gradually decreasing manner, and the outer walls of the plurality of conical air guide plates 52 are further provided with flow-uniform blades 521 .

[0057] The large-diameter flow hole 522 of the conical air guide plate 52 is close to the air inlet end of the dust-proof flow track 4 .

[0058] The large-aperture flow holes 522 of the conical air guide plate 52 are close to the air inlet end of the dust-proof circulation track 4. Such a layout ensures that the air entering from the air inlet end can first pass through the larger flow holes 522, reducing the resistance in the initial stage and allowing the air to flow smoothly. As the air goes deeper into the air duct, the flow holes 522 gradually shrink. This design enables the air to guide the airflow incrementally when it flows through the air guide plate, enhances the uniformity of the airflow, and effectively guides the airflow to all corners of the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track 4. The air can evenly flow to the various gaps of the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 through the dust-proof circulation track 4, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. It also helps to maintain the consistency of the battery pack temperature and reduce the temperature difference between battery modules.

[0059] The outer wall of the conical air guide plate 52 is also provided with uniform flow blades 521. These uniform flow blades 521 can further improve the distribution of the airflow, reduce eddy currents and turbulence, and make the air flow in the air duct in a more stable and uniform state. This not only helps to reduce wind resistance and noise, but also improves the heat dissipation effect.

[0060] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the dust cover 6 includes an annular filter layer 61 , both ends of which are provided with mounting rings 63 , and a plurality of limiting support rings 62 are evenly spacedly distributed on the outer wall of the annular filter layer 61 .

[0061] The annular filter layer 61 is located at the core of the dust cover 6, and its main function is to filter the air entering the heat dissipation device. When the external air enters the heat dissipation system through the dust cover 6, the annular filter layer 61 can block and capture impurities such as dust and particulate matter in the air, ensuring that the air entering the heat dissipation system is clean and pollution-free. This design effectively prevents the accumulation of dust in the heat dissipation system, and avoids the problem of reduced heat dissipation efficiency or system blockage caused by dust accumulation. Mounting rings 63 are installed at both ends of the annular filter layer 61. These mounting rings 63 not only provide stable support for the annular filter layer 61, but also realize the firm installation of the annular filter layer 61 through connection with other components, and prevent loosening or falling off caused by vibration or external force. A plurality of limiting support rings 62 are evenly spaced on the outer wall of the annular filter layer 61. The main function of these limiting support rings 62 is to further strengthen the structure of the annular filter layer 61 to prevent it from being deformed or damaged due to the pressure generated by air flow during operation. At the same time, the limiting support ring 62 also optimizes the air flow path, so that the air can pass through the annular filter layer 61 more evenly, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. In addition, the design of the limiting support ring 62 also takes into account the maintenance convenience of the heat dissipation device, so that the annular filter layer 61 can be replaced or cleaned when necessary.

[0062] Specific working principle:

[0063] The fixed bracket 2 is used to position and fix multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1. The fixed bracket 2 assembles multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 into a ring, so that the middle position of the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 forms a flow duct, and the stacking gap of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 forms a heat dissipation duct. The hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 is used on a mobile vehicle. The flow joints 21 at both ends of the fixed bracket 2 are used to connect the air inlet duct. The fixed bracket 2 serves as the basic structure of the entire device, firmly fixing the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 to ensure that the stack will not be displaced or damaged due to vibration during the driving of the mobile vehicle. The flow joints 21 are installed at both ends of the fixed bracket 2 as the connection points between the air inlet duct and the flow duct of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1. They allow the outside air to enter the interior of the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 smoothly after pretreatment. The dustproof flow track 4 is installed in the flow duct, and the inner wall is provided with multiple output ends. These output ends not only serve as the outlet of the air flow, but also have a built-in filtering mechanism for filtering dust and impurities in the air to protect the stack from pollution. The adaptive air supply device 3 intelligently adjusts the air supply volume and wind speed according to the actual heat dissipation requirements of the battery stack to ensure that suitable airflow can be provided under different working conditions. The uniform flow rack 5 is installed inside the dust-proof circulation track 4. Its structural design allows the airflow entering the track to diffuse evenly in all directions to avoid the formation of local eddies or dead zones, ensuring that each gap in the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 can be adequately and evenly cooled by airflow. The dust cover 6 is tightly mounted on the outside of multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 to form a physical barrier that effectively isolates external dust and impurities from directly contacting the surface of the battery stack, further protecting the battery stack from pollution. When the mobile vehicle is traveling, the outside air enters the circulation joint 21 through the air inlet duct and enters the dust-proof circulation track 4 after preliminary filtration. The uniform flow rack 5 guides the clean airflow to the multiple output ends inside the dustproof circulation track 4. The output end of the dustproof circulation track 4 evenly flows the airflow to the various gaps of the multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks 1 to achieve heat dissipation. If the heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1 cannot be met by the natural airflow, the adaptive air supply device 3 is started. When the adaptive air supply device 3 is started, the gas flow rate will be further increased to achieve efficient heat dissipation. At the same time, the dust cover 6 and the dustproof circulation track 4 can further enhance the dustproof performance of the device to ensure that the stack can still maintain a good working condition in a complex environment. The entire system achieves dual optimization of heat dissipation efficiency and dustproof performance through intelligent regulation.

[0064] The above embodiments only express one or several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell air cooling and heat dissipation device, comprising a dustproof air cooling and heat dissipation device installed between a plurality of hydrogen fuel cell stacks (1), characterized in that: The dustproof air-cooling heat dissipation device comprises a fixed bracket (2), an adaptive air supply device (3), a dustproof circulation track (4), a flow-uniforming frame (5) and a dustproof cover (6); The fixing bracket (2) is used to limit and fix a plurality of hydrogen fuel cell stacks (1), and both ends of the fixing bracket (2) are installed with flow joints (21); The dustproof circulation track (4) is installed inside a plurality of hydrogen fuel cell stacks (1), and the inner wall of the dustproof circulation track (4) is provided with a plurality of output ends. The dustproof circulation track (4) is used to filter the incoming air; The flow-uniform frame (5) and the adaptive air supply device (3) are both installed inside the dust-proof circulation track (4); the adaptive air supply device (3) is used to deliver airflow into the dust-proof circulation track (4); and the flow-uniform frame (5) is used to guide the incoming airflow to evenly diffuse toward the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track (4); The dust cover (6) is sleeved on the outer sides of the plurality of hydrogen fuel cell stacks (1), and the dust cover (6) is used to shield dust; The adaptive air supply device (3) comprises an adaptive driving device (31) mounted on the flow joint (21); a first transmission shaft (35) is mounted on the output end of the adaptive driving device (31); and a fan blade (36) is mounted on the first transmission shaft (35); The adaptive drive device (31) comprises a rotary driver (32) mounted on a circulation joint (21), a rotary connection disk (33) mounted on an output end of the rotary driver (32), a plurality of movable clamping blocks (331) and a position limiting adsorption block (332) mounted inside the rotary connection disk (33), a rotary connection ring (34) mounted at an axial center position of the rotary connection disk (33), the rotary connection ring (34) being fixedly connected to a first transmission shaft (35), and a plurality of clamping protrusions (341) mounted on the outer side of the rotary connection ring (34); A main ventilation channel (41) is provided at the axial center of the dust-proof circulation track (4), a plurality of diffusion ventilation holes (42) are provided on the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track (4), and a plurality of strip-shaped filter layers (43) are also installed on the inner wall of the dust-proof circulation track (4), and the strip-shaped filter layers (43) are used to filter air flowing toward the diffusion ventilation holes (42); A plurality of cooling liquid circulation chambers are provided in the wall thickness of the dustproof circulation track (4), the interiors of the plurality of cooling liquid circulation chambers are interconnected, and a circulating circulation heat dissipation mechanism (44) is also installed on the side of the dustproof circulation track (4); The circulating heat dissipation mechanism (44) comprises a plurality of heat dissipation circulation pipes (444) installed on the side of the dustproof circulation track (4); a circulating pump pipe (441) is installed at one end of the heat dissipation circulation pipe (444) away from the dustproof circulation track (4); the circulating pump pipe (441) is connected to the heat dissipation circulation pipe (444); a circulation pump wheel (442) is installed inside the circulating pump pipe (441); a second transmission shaft (443) is also installed on the circulation pump wheel (442); and the second transmission shaft (443) is in transmission connection with the first transmission shaft (35).

2. The hydrogen fuel cell air cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat dissipation block (4441) is installed on the outer side of each heat dissipation circulation pipe (444), a plurality of mounting holes (4442) are provided on the heat dissipation block (4441), and a plurality of inclined heat dissipation fins (4443) are provided inside the mounting holes (4442).

3. The hydrogen fuel cell air cooling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow-uniform frame (5) is installed inside the dust-proof circulation track (4), and a plurality of conical air guide plates (52) are installed inside the flow-uniform frame (5), and a circulation hole (522) is provided at the axial center position of the conical air guide plate (52).

4. The air-cooling heat dissipation device for a hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow holes (522) of the plurality of conical air guide plates (52) are arranged in a gradually decreasing manner, and the outer walls of the plurality of conical air guide plates (52) are further provided with flow-uniform blades (521).

5. The hydrogen fuel cell air cooling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dust cover (6) comprises an annular filter layer (61), both ends of which are provided with mounting rings (63), and the outer wall of the annular filter layer (61) is provided with a plurality of position limiting support rings (62) distributed at equal intervals.

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