A three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid, relates to the technical field of hydrochloric acid preparation, comprises a furnace body, a mixing tube installed at the bottom of the furnace body, a chlorine inlet arranged at the bottom end of the mixing tube and a hydrogen inlet arranged on the outer wall of one side of the mixing tube, and also comprises: a cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism for cooling hydrogen chloride gas generated by combustion and self-cleaning the interior thereof; a synthesis mechanism; and a water injection and cooling integrated mechanism for injecting water combined with hydrogen chloride gas into the synthesis mechanism and for cooling the residual gas that continues to be discharged upward again; the three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid can prevent the problem of scale appearing inside a graphite shell to affect the heat exchange effect of the graphite shell on the basis of circulating cooling of the hydrogen chloride gas, solves the problem that scale inside a circulating water pipe used for cooling in the prior art is difficult to clean, and improves the cooling effect of the cooling mechanism after long-term use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrochloric acid preparation, and in particular to a three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid. Background Art

[0002] Graphite synthesis furnace refers to chemical synthesis or incineration equipment made of graphite material as the base material. Graphite synthesis furnaces mainly include graphite hydrogen chloride synthesis furnace and graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace. The graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace combines the three processes of hydrogen chloride gas synthesis, cooling and absorption into one graphite furnace to form acid at one time, so it is also called a three-in-one furnace.

[0003] A novel graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace is disclosed in the patent with publication number CN 216377480 U, which includes a synthesis furnace body, the synthesis furnace body includes an absorption cooling section, a transition section and a hydrogen chloride synthesis section which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the absorption cooling section is provided with an absorption liquid inlet and a tail gas outlet, the transition section is provided with a bubble cap tray, the bubble cap tray includes a bubble cap tray body, the bubble cap tray body is provided with a plurality of air inlets distributed in a circumference, each air inlet is provided with a bubble cap, a bubble cap cover is provided on the top of the bubble cap, a plurality of air outlets distributed in a circumference are provided on the upper part of the bubble cap, a hydrochloric acid outlet is provided on the transition section above the bubble cap tray body, and a hydrogen inlet and a chlorine inlet are provided at the bottom of the hydrogen chloride synthesis section;

[0004] The above-mentioned related technology has the following defects: the inside of the circulation pipe used for heat exchange cooling cannot be cleaned. After the cooling circulation pipe is used for a long time, a layer of water film-like scale will form inside the pipe, resulting in the heat exchange effect between the circulating water inside the cooling circulation pipe and the graphite heat exchange block to deteriorate, thereby resulting in the cooling effect on the inside of the furnace body to deteriorate, affecting the service life and safety of the furnace body. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid, comprising a furnace body, a mixing tube installed at the bottom of the furnace body, a chlorine inlet arranged at the bottom end of the mixing tube, and a hydrogen inlet arranged on the outer wall of one side of the mixing tube, and also comprising:

[0007] The integrated cooling and cleaning mechanism is installed inside the furnace body and is used to cool the hydrogen chloride gas generated by combustion and to self-clean the interior;

[0008] A synthesis mechanism, which is installed inside the furnace body and is used to combine hydrogen chloride gas with water to generate hydrochloric acid;

[0009] A driving mechanism, which is installed on the furnace body and is used to drive the cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism to operate;

[0010] The water injection and cooling integrated mechanism is installed inside the furnace body and connected to the cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism, and is used to inject water combined with hydrogen chloride gas into the synthesis mechanism and to re-cool the residual gas that continues to be discharged upward.

[0011] Furthermore, the cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism comprises a plurality of concentrically arranged graphite shells, a first water inlet pipe installed on the outer wall of one side of the furnace body, and a first water discharge pipe installed on the outer wall of the other side of the furnace body;

[0012] The graphite shell is an annular structure, the outermost graphite shell is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body, two adjacent graphite shells are fixedly connected together through a plurality of connecting blocks, and a plurality of heat exchange channels are arranged between the two adjacent graphite shells.

[0013] Furthermore, the first water inlet pipe and the first drain pipe are both Y-shaped structures;

[0014] Two ends of the first water inlet pipe extend above and below the plurality of graphite shells respectively;

[0015] A plurality of flow diversion pipes are installed on one side of the top and one side of the bottom of the graphite shells, and the plurality of flow diversion pipes are connected to the first water inlet pipe;

[0016] A branch pipe is installed on the other side of the top of the plurality of graphite shells and the other side of the bottom, and the plurality of branch pipes are connected to the first drain pipe;

[0017] Both the branch pipe and the outlet pipe are equipped with a one-way valve, and a protective cover is installed outside the one-way valve.

[0018] Furthermore, the cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism also includes piston rings respectively installed inside the plurality of graphite shells and a sliding seat slidably connected inside the furnace body;

[0019] A plurality of first lifting rods are fixedly connected to the top of the piston ring, and the top ends of the first lifting rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding seat;

[0020] The slide seat is connected with the driving mechanism.

[0021] Further, the synthesis mechanism includes a partition fixedly connected to the inside of the furnace body and a plurality of air guide cylinders installed inside the slide seat;

[0022] The partition is located above the slide seat, a hydrochloric acid outlet pipe is installed on the top of the partition, and one end of the hydrochloric acid outlet pipe extends to the outside of the furnace body;

[0023] The air guide cylinder is arranged to penetrate the partition plate, and a plurality of through holes are opened on the outside of the air guide cylinder.

[0024] Further, the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder installed on the outer wall of the furnace body, a first oil cylinder arranged below the hydraulic cylinder, and a second oil cylinder fixedly connected to the inside of the partition;

[0025] The first oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the furnace body, a first piston is installed inside the first oil cylinder, the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the first piston, a guide tube is installed at the bottom of the first oil cylinder, and the other end of the guide tube is connected to the top of the second oil cylinder;

[0026] A second piston is installed inside the second oil cylinder, a second lifting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second piston, and a bottom end of the second lifting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding seat.

[0027] Furthermore, the water injection cooling integrated mechanism comprises a graphite heat exchange block installed inside the furnace body, a plurality of linkage rods fixed to the top of the slide seat, and a pressure plate arranged above the graphite heat exchange block;

[0028] The graphite heat exchange block is located above the second oil cylinder, and a second water inlet pipe is installed on the top of the graphite heat exchange block, and one end of the second water inlet pipe extends to the outside of the furnace body;

[0029] The linkage rod is slidably arranged through the partition plate, and the top end of the linkage rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pressure plate;

[0030] A plurality of water inlet grooves are provided inside the graphite heat exchange block, a plurality of atomizing nozzles are installed at the bottom of the graphite heat exchange block, the plurality of atomizing nozzles are respectively connected to the plurality of water inlet grooves, a third piston is provided above the plurality of water inlet grooves, a first pressure rod is fixedly connected to the top of the third piston, the top end of the first pressure rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate, and the outer wall of the third piston is adapted to the inner wall of the water inlet groove.

[0031] Furthermore, a plurality of cooling grooves are provided inside the graphite heat exchange block, a collecting pipe is installed at the bottom of the graphite heat exchange block, the collecting pipe is respectively connected to the plurality of cooling grooves, the bottom end of the collecting pipe is connected to a second drain pipe, the bottom end of the second drain pipe extends to the outside of the furnace body and is connected to the first drain pipe, a fourth piston is provided above the plurality of cooling grooves, a second pressure rod is fixed to the top of the fourth piston, and the top end of the second pressure rod is fixed to the bottom of the pressure plate.

[0032] Furthermore, a plurality of air guide tubes are installed inside the graphite heat exchange block, a plurality of air guide grooves are opened inside the pressure plate, and the plurality of air guide grooves are respectively located directly above the plurality of air guide tubes, and the outer wall of the air guide tube is adapted to the inner wall of the air guide groove;

[0033] A residual gas discharge pipe is installed on the top of the pressing plate, and one end of the residual gas discharge pipe extends to the outside of the furnace body;

[0034] An explosion-proof membrane is installed on the top of the furnace body.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. Through the integrated cooling and cleaning mechanism, the problem of scale inside the graphite shell affecting the heat exchange effect of the graphite shell can be prevented on the basis of circulating cooling of the hydrogen chloride gas, which solves the problem that scale inside the circulating water pipe used for cooling in the prior art is difficult to clean, and improves the cooling effect of the cooling mechanism after long-term use;

[0037] 2. Through the integrated water injection and cooling mechanism, water is sprayed downward in the form of mist, fully contacting with the hydrogen chloride gas at the bottom of the graphite heat exchange block, quickly synthesizing hydrochloric acid, improving the sufficiency of the hydrogen chloride gas in synthesizing hydrochloric acid, and can also circulate to cool the graphite heat exchange block, further reducing the temperature inside the furnace body and improving the safety of the furnace body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace body of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism and the driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism and the driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the water injection and cooling integrated mechanism structure from the first perspective of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the water injection and cooling integrated mechanism structure of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the graphite heat exchange block of the present invention.

[0046] Description of reference numerals:

[0047] 1. Furnace body; 2. Mixing tube; 3. Chlorine inlet; 4. Hydrogen inlet; 5. Graphite shell; 6. First water inlet pipe; 7. First drain pipe; 8. Heat exchange channel; 9. Diverter pipe; 10. Diverter pipe; 11. Check valve; 12. Piston ring; 13. Sliding seat; 14. First lifting rod; 15. Partition; 16. Air guide cylinder; 17. Through hole; 18. Hydrochloric acid outlet pipe; 19. Hydraulic cylinder; 20. First oil cylinder; 21. Second oil cylinder; 22. The first piston; 23. the guide tube; 24. the second piston; 25. the second lifting rod; 26. the graphite heat exchange block; 27. the pressure plate; 28. the second water inlet pipe; 29. ​​the linkage rod; 30. the water inlet trough; 31. the atomizing nozzle; 32. the third piston; 33. the first pressure rod; 34. the cooling trough; 35. the collecting pipe; 36. the second drain pipe; 37. the air guide pipe; 38. the air guide trough; 39. the residual gas discharge pipe; 40. the fourth piston; 41. the second pressure rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Example: See Figure 1 - Figure 7 A three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid, comprising a furnace body 1, a mixing tube 2 installed at the bottom of the furnace body 1, a chlorine gas inlet 3 arranged at the bottom end of the mixing tube 2 and a hydrogen gas inlet 4 arranged on the outer wall of one side of the mixing tube 2, the top of the mixing tube 2 is set as a combustion zone, and a combustion aid is arranged inside;

[0050] Also includes:

[0051] The cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism is installed inside the furnace body 1, and is used for cooling the hydrogen chloride gas generated by combustion and self-cleaning the inside thereof. The cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism comprises a plurality of concentrically arranged graphite shells 5, a first water inlet pipe 6 installed on the outer wall of one side of the furnace body 1, and a first drain pipe 7 installed on the outer wall of the other side of the furnace body 1; the graphite shells 5 are annular structures, the outermost graphite shells 5 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body 1, two adjacent graphite shells 5 are fixedly connected together by a plurality of connecting blocks, and a plurality of heat exchange channels 8 are arranged between the two adjacent graphite shells 5, and the first water inlet pipe 6 and the first drain pipe 7 are both Y-shaped structures; the two ends of the first water inlet pipe 6 extend to the top of the plurality of graphite shells 5 respectively and below; a shunt pipe 9 is installed on one side of the top and one side of the bottom of the multiple graphite shells 5, and the multiple shunt pipes 9 are connected to the first water inlet pipe 6; a branch pipe 10 is installed on the other side of the top and the other side of the bottom of the multiple graphite shells 5, and the multiple branch pipes 10 are connected to the first drain pipe 7; a one-way valve 11 is installed on the shunt pipe 9 and the branch pipe 10, and a protective cover is installed on the outside of the one-way valve 11. The cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism also includes piston rings 12 respectively installed inside the multiple graphite shells 5 and a slide seat 13 slidably connected to the inside of the furnace body 1; a plurality of first lifting rods 14 are fixedly connected to the top of the piston ring 12, and the top of the first lifting rod 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide seat 13; the slide seat 13 is connected to the driving mechanism;

[0052] A branch pipe 10 is provided on the left side of the top and the left side of the bottom of the graphite shell 5, and a branch pipe 9 is provided on the right side of the top and the right side of the bottom of the graphite shell 5;

[0053] The hydrogen chloride gas formed by combustion flows upward through the heat exchange channel 8, and the graphite shell 5 exchanges heat with the hydrogen chloride gas to reduce the temperature of the hydrogen chloride gas. At the same time, the cooling water inside the graphite shell 5 exchanges heat with the graphite shell 5 to reduce the temperature of the graphite shell 5.

[0054] The one-way valve 11 on the left bottom outlet pipe 10 allows the cooling water in the graphite housing 5 to enter the first drain pipe 7 through the left bottom outlet pipe 10, while the water in the first drain pipe 7 cannot enter the graphite housing 5 through the left bottom outlet pipe 10; the one-way valve 11 on the left top outlet pipe 10 allows the cooling water in the graphite housing 5 to enter the first drain pipe 7 through the left top outlet pipe 10, while the water in the first drain pipe 7 cannot enter the graphite housing 5 through the left top outlet pipe 10;

[0055] The one-way valve 11 on the right top shunt pipe 9 allows the cooling water in the first water inlet pipe 6 to enter the graphite housing 5 through the right top shunt pipe 9, while the cooling water inside the graphite housing 5 cannot enter the first water inlet pipe 6 through the right top shunt pipe 9; the one-way valve 11 on the right bottom shunt pipe 9 allows the cooling water in the first water inlet pipe 6 to enter the graphite housing 5 through the right bottom shunt pipe 9, while the cooling water inside the graphite housing 5 cannot enter the first water inlet pipe 6 through the right bottom shunt pipe 9;

[0056] The slide 13 is driven downward by the driving mechanism, and then the multiple piston rings 12 are driven downward along the inner wall of each graphite shell 5 by each first lifting rod 14, so that the cooling water inside the graphite shell 5 is discharged through each branch pipe 10 at the bottom of the left side. At the same time, when the piston ring 12 moves downward, new cooling water is introduced into the inside of each graphite shell 5 through each branch pipe 9 at the top of the right side; the slide 13 is driven upward by the driving mechanism, and then the multiple piston rings 12 are driven upward along the inner wall of each graphite shell 5 by each first lifting rod 14, so that the cooling water inside the graphite shell 5 is discharged through each branch pipe 10 at the top of the left side. At the same time, when the piston ring 12 moves upward, new cooling water is introduced into the inside of each graphite shell 5 through each branch pipe 9 at the bottom of the right side. In this way, the cooling water is introduced into the inside of each graphite shell 5 in a cycle, and scale is prevented from forming on the inner wall of each graphite shell 5, which affects the heat exchange effect between the cooling water and the graphite shell 5.

[0057] A synthesis mechanism is installed inside the furnace body 1 and is used to combine hydrogen chloride gas with water to generate hydrochloric acid. The synthesis mechanism includes a partition 15 fixed to the inside of the furnace body 1 and a plurality of gas guide cylinders 16 installed inside the slide 13; the partition 15 is located above the slide 13, a hydrochloric acid outlet pipe 18 is installed on the top of the partition 15, and one end of the hydrochloric acid outlet pipe 18 extends to the outside of the furnace body 1; the gas guide cylinder 16 is arranged through the partition 15, and a plurality of through holes 17 are opened on the outside of the gas guide cylinder 16;

[0058] The cooled hydrogen chloride gas enters the top of the partition 15 through the through hole 17 on the gas guide cylinder 16, and combines with the water sprayed from the atomizing nozzle 31 at the bottom of the graphite heat exchange block 26 to form hydrochloric acid liquid, which is discharged through the hydrochloric acid outlet pipe 18;

[0059] When the slide seat 13 moves up and down, the air guide tube 16 moves up and down synchronously, but the through hole 17 is always located above the partition plate 15, so the air can be guided normally.

[0060] A driving mechanism is installed on the furnace body 1 and is used to drive the cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism to operate. The driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 19 installed on the outer wall of the furnace body 1, a first oil cylinder 20 arranged below the hydraulic cylinder 19, and a second oil cylinder 21 fixedly connected to the inside of the partition 15; the first oil cylinder 20 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the furnace body 1, a first piston 22 is installed inside the first oil cylinder 20, the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the first piston 22, a guide tube 23 is installed at the bottom of the first oil cylinder 20, and the other end of the guide tube 23 is connected to the top of the second oil cylinder 21; a second piston 24 is installed inside the second oil cylinder 21, a second lifting rod 25 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second piston 24, and the bottom end of the second lifting rod 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the slide seat 13;

[0061] By controlling the extension of the hydraulic cylinder 19, the first piston 22 is driven to move downward along the inner wall of the first oil cylinder 20, and the hydraulic oil inside the first oil cylinder 20 is injected into the second oil cylinder 21 through the conduit 23, thereby driving the second piston 24 to move downward along the inner wall of the second oil cylinder 21, and the second lifting rod 25 moves downward accordingly, thereby driving the slide 13 to move downward synchronously;

[0062] By controlling the hydraulic cylinder 19 to shorten, the first piston 22 is driven to move upward along the inner wall of the first cylinder 20, and the hydraulic oil inside the second cylinder 21 is pumped into the first cylinder 20 through the conduit 23, thereby driving the second piston 24 to move upward along the inner wall of the second cylinder 21, and the second lifting rod 25 moves upward accordingly, thereby driving the slide 13 to move upward synchronously.

[0063] The water injection and cooling integrated mechanism is installed inside the furnace body 1 and connected to the cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism, and is used to inject water combined with hydrogen chloride gas into the synthesis mechanism and to cool the residual gas that continues to be discharged upward again. The water injection and cooling integrated mechanism includes a graphite heat exchange block 26 installed inside the furnace body 1, a plurality of linkage rods 29 fixed to the top of the slide seat 13, and a pressure plate 27 arranged above the graphite heat exchange block 26; the graphite heat exchange block 26 is located above the second oil cylinder 21, and a second water inlet pipe 28 is installed on the top of the graphite heat exchange block 26, and one end of the second water inlet pipe 28 extends to The connecting rod 29 is slidably connected to the outside of the furnace body 1, and the top of the connecting rod 29 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing plate 27; a plurality of water inlet grooves 30 are provided inside the graphite heat exchange block 26, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles 31 are installed at the bottom of the graphite heat exchange block 26, and the plurality of atomizing nozzles 31 are respectively connected to the plurality of water inlet grooves 30, and a third piston 32 is provided above the plurality of water inlet grooves 30, and a first pressing rod 33 is fixedly connected to the top of the third piston 32, and the top of the first pressing rod 33 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing plate 27, and the outer wall of the third piston 32 is adapted to the inner wall of the water inlet groove 30;

[0064] Water is injected into the top of the graphite heat exchange block 26 through the second water inlet pipe 28, and the water then flows into the inside of the water inlet tank 30. When the slide seat 13 moves downward, the pressing plate 27 is driven to move downward synchronously through the linkage rod 29, and then the third piston 32 is driven to move downward through the first pressure rod 33. When the third piston 32 enters the water inlet tank 30, the water in the water inlet tank 30 is squeezed, and the atomizing nozzle 31 is used to spray the water downward in the form of mist, which is fully in contact with the hydrogen chloride gas at the bottom of the graphite heat exchange block 26, and hydrochloric acid is quickly synthesized, thereby improving the sufficiency of synthesizing hydrochloric acid with hydrogen chloride gas.

[0065] A plurality of cooling grooves 34 are also provided inside the graphite heat exchange block 26. A collection pipe 35 is installed at the bottom of the graphite heat exchange block 26. The collection pipe 35 is respectively connected to the plurality of cooling grooves 34. The bottom end of the collection pipe 35 is connected to a second drain pipe 36. The bottom end of the second drain pipe 36 extends to the outside of the furnace body 1 and is connected to the first drain pipe 7. A one-way valve is also installed on the second drain pipe 36. The setting of the one-way valve allows the water inside the collection pipe 35 to be discharged into the first drain pipe 7 through the second drain pipe 36, while the water in the first drain pipe 7 cannot return to the collection pipe 35 through the second drain pipe 36. A fourth piston 40 is provided above the plurality of cooling grooves 34. The top of the fourth piston 40 is fixedly connected to a second pressure rod 41. The top end of the second pressure rod 41 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate 27.

[0066] Water is injected into the top of the graphite heat exchange block 26 through the second water inlet pipe 28, and the water then flows into the interior of the cooling groove 34. The graphite heat exchange block 26 transfers heat to the water. When the slide seat 13 moves downward, the pressure plate 27 is driven to move downward synchronously through the linkage rod 29, and then the fourth piston 40 is driven to move downward synchronously through the second pressure rod 41. When the fourth piston 40 enters the cooling groove 34, it squeezes the water in the cooling groove 34, so that the water in each cooling groove 34 is discharged through the collecting pipe 35 and the second drain pipe 36, thereby avoiding the problem of scale formation in the cooling groove 34 affecting the cooling effect of the graphite heat exchange block 26 and the residual gas on the basis of water circulation heat dissipation of the graphite heat exchange block 26.

[0067] A plurality of air guide tubes 37 are also installed inside the graphite heat exchange block 26, and a plurality of air guide grooves 38 are opened inside the pressing plate 27. The plurality of air guide grooves 38 are respectively located directly above the plurality of air guide tubes 37, and the outer wall of the air guide tube 37 is adapted to the inner wall of the air guide groove 38; a residual gas discharge pipe 39 is installed on the top of the pressing plate 27, and one end of the residual gas discharge pipe 39 extends to the outside of the furnace body 1; an explosion-proof membrane is installed on the top of the furnace body 1;

[0068] The residual gas is discharged through the gas guide pipe 37 , the gas guide groove 38 and the residual gas discharge pipe 39 in sequence. When the pressing plate 27 moves downward, the gas guide pipe 37 passes through the gas guide groove 38 , and the residual gas can still be discharged through the residual gas discharge pipe 39 .

[0069] Working principle: When in use, chlorine and hydrogen are introduced into the mixing tube 2 through the chlorine inlet 3 and the hydrogen inlet 4, respectively. Hydrogen burns in chlorine to form hydrogen chloride gas. The hydrogen chloride gas formed by the combustion flows upward through the heat exchange channel 8, and the graphite shell 5 exchanges heat with the hydrogen chloride gas to reduce the temperature of the hydrogen chloride gas. At the same time, the cooling water inside the graphite shell 5 exchanges heat with the graphite shell 5 to reduce the temperature of the graphite shell 5. The slide 13 is driven downward by the driving mechanism, and then the multiple piston rings 12 are driven downward along the inner wall of each graphite shell 5 through each first lifting rod 14, and the cooling water inside the graphite shell 5 is discharged through each branch pipe 10 at the bottom of the left side. When the piston ring 12 moves downward, new cooling water is introduced into each graphite shell 5 through each shunt pipe 9 at the top of the right side; the slide seat 13 is driven upward by the driving mechanism, and then the multiple piston rings 12 are driven to move upward along the inner wall of each graphite shell 5 through each first lifting rod 14, and the cooling water inside the graphite shell 5 is discharged through each branch pipe 10 at the top of the left side. At the same time, when the piston ring 12 moves upward, new cooling water is introduced into each graphite shell 5 through each shunt pipe 9 at the bottom of the right side. In this way, the cooling water is introduced into each graphite shell 5 in a cycle, and scale can be prevented from forming on the inner wall of each graphite shell 5, which affects the heat exchange effect between the cooling water and the graphite shell 5;

[0070] At the same time, water is injected into the top of the graphite heat exchange block 26 through the second water inlet pipe 28, and the water flows into the inside of the water inlet tank 30. When the slide seat 13 moves downward, the pressing plate 27 is driven to move downward synchronously through the linkage rod 29, and then the third piston 32 is driven to move downward through the first pressure rod 33. When the third piston 32 enters the water inlet tank 30, it squeezes the water in the water inlet tank 30, and cooperates with the atomizing nozzle 31 to make the water spray downward in the form of mist, and fully contacts with the hydrogen chloride gas at the bottom of the graphite heat exchange block 26, and quickly synthesizes hydrochloric acid, thereby improving the sufficiency of the hydrogen chloride gas to synthesize hydrochloric acid. When the pressing plate 27 moves downward, it also drives the fourth piston 40 to move downward synchronously through the second pressure rod 41. When the fourth piston 40 enters the cooling tank 34, it squeezes the water in the cooling tank 34, so that the water in each cooling tank 34 is discharged through the collecting pipe 35 and the second drain pipe 36, thereby avoiding the problem of preventing the formation of scale in the cooling tank 34 to affect the cooling effect of the graphite heat exchange block 26 and the residual gas on the basis of water circulation heat dissipation of the graphite heat exchange block 26.

[0071] It should be noted that the device structure and drawings of the present invention mainly describe the principle of the present invention. In terms of the technology of the design principle, the settings of the power mechanism, power supply system and control system of the device are not fully described. On the premise that the technical personnel in the field understand the principle of the above invention, the specific details of the power mechanism, power supply system and control system can be clearly known. The control method of the application document is to automatically control by a controller, and the control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming by the technical personnel in the field; the above only describes some exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of explanation. Undoubtedly, for ordinary technicians in the field, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid, comprising a furnace body (1), a mixing tube (2) installed at the bottom of the furnace body (1), a chlorine gas inlet (3) arranged at the bottom end of the mixing tube (2), and a hydrogen gas inlet (4) arranged on the outer wall of one side of the mixing tube (2), characterized in that: Also includes: An integrated cooling and cleaning mechanism, which is installed inside the furnace body (1) and is used to cool the hydrogen chloride gas generated by combustion and to self-clean the interior thereof; A synthesis mechanism, which is installed inside the furnace body (1) and is used to combine hydrogen chloride gas with water to generate hydrochloric acid; A driving mechanism, which is mounted on the furnace body (1) and is used to drive the cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism to operate; An integrated water injection and cooling mechanism, which is installed inside the furnace body (1) and connected to the integrated cooling and cleaning mechanism, and is used to inject water combined with hydrogen chloride gas into the synthesis mechanism and to perform a second cooling treatment on the residual gas that continues to be discharged upward; The cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism comprises a plurality of concentrically arranged graphite shells (5), a first water inlet pipe (6) installed on an outer wall of one side of the furnace body (1), and a first water discharge pipe (7) installed on an outer wall of the other side of the furnace body (1); The graphite shell (5) is an annular structure, the outermost graphite shell (5) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body (1), two adjacent graphite shells (5) are fixedly connected together via a plurality of connecting blocks, and a plurality of heat exchange channels (8) are provided between the two adjacent graphite shells (5); The cooling and cleaning integrated mechanism further comprises piston rings (12) respectively mounted inside the plurality of graphite shells (5) and a sliding seat (13) slidably connected inside the furnace body (1); A plurality of first lifting rods (14) are fixedly connected to the top of the piston ring (12), and the top ends of the first lifting rods (14) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding seat (13); The slide seat (13) is connected to the driving mechanism; The synthesis mechanism comprises a partition plate (15) fixedly connected to the inside of the furnace body (1) and a plurality of air guide cylinders (16) installed inside the slide seat (13); The driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder (19) mounted on the outer wall of the furnace body (1), a first oil cylinder (20) arranged below the hydraulic cylinder (19), and a second oil cylinder (21) fixedly connected to the interior of the partition plate (15); The water injection cooling integrated mechanism comprises a graphite heat exchange block (26) installed inside the furnace body (1), a plurality of linkage rods (29) fixed to the top of the slide seat (13), and a pressure plate (27) arranged above the graphite heat exchange block (26); The graphite heat exchange block (26) is located above the second oil cylinder (21), and a second water inlet pipe (28) is installed on the top of the graphite heat exchange block (26), and one end of the second water inlet pipe (28) extends to the outside of the furnace body (1); The linkage rod (29) is slidably disposed through the partition plate (15), and the top end of the linkage rod (29) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pressure plate (27); A plurality of water inlet grooves (30) are provided inside the graphite heat exchange block (26), a plurality of atomizing nozzles (31) are installed at the bottom of the graphite heat exchange block (26), the plurality of atomizing nozzles (31) are respectively connected to the plurality of water inlet grooves (30), a third piston (32) is provided above the plurality of water inlet grooves (30), a first pressure rod (33) is fixedly connected to the top of the third piston (32), the top end of the first pressure rod (33) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate (27), and the outer wall of the third piston (32) is adapted to the inner wall of the water inlet groove (30); The graphite heat exchange block (26) is also provided with a plurality of cooling grooves (34) inside. A collecting pipe (35) is installed at the bottom of the graphite heat exchange block (26). The collecting pipe (35) is respectively connected to the plurality of cooling grooves (34). The bottom end of the collecting pipe (35) is connected to a second drain pipe (36). The bottom end of the second drain pipe (36) extends to the outside of the furnace body (1) and is connected to the first drain pipe (7). A fourth piston (40) is provided above the plurality of cooling grooves (34). The top of the fourth piston (40) is fixedly connected to a second pressure rod (41). The top end of the second pressure rod (41) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure plate (27).

2. A three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first water inlet pipe (6) and the first drain pipe (7) are both Y-shaped structures; Two ends of the first water inlet pipe (6) extend respectively to the top and bottom of the plurality of graphite shells (5); A plurality of flow diversion pipes (9) are installed on one side of the top and one side of the bottom of the graphite shells (5), and the plurality of flow diversion pipes (9) are connected to the first water inlet pipe (6); A branch pipe (10) is installed on the other side of the top and the other side of the bottom of the plurality of graphite shells (5), and the plurality of branch pipes (10) are connected to the first drain pipe (7); Both the branch pipe (9) and the outlet pipe (10) are installed with a one-way valve (11).

3. A three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition (15) is located above the slide seat (13), and a hydrochloric acid outlet pipe (18) is installed on the top of the partition (15), and one end of the hydrochloric acid outlet pipe (18) extends to the outside of the furnace body (1); The air guide cylinder (16) is slidably arranged to penetrate the partition plate (15), and a plurality of through holes (17) are formed on the outside of the air guide cylinder (16).

4. A three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first oil cylinder (20) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the furnace body (1), a first piston (22) is installed inside the first oil cylinder (20), an extended end of the hydraulic cylinder (19) is fixedly connected to the top of the first piston (22), a guide tube (23) is installed at the bottom of the first oil cylinder (20), and the other end of the guide tube (23) is connected to the top of the second oil cylinder (21); A second piston (24) is installed inside the second oil cylinder (21), a second lifting rod (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second piston (24), and a bottom end of the second lifting rod (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the sliding seat (13).

5. A three-in-one graphite hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace for preparing hydrochloric acid according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of air guide tubes (37) are also installed inside the graphite heat exchange block (26), a plurality of air guide grooves (38) are opened inside the pressure plate (27), the plurality of air guide grooves (38) are respectively located directly above the plurality of air guide tubes (37), and the outer wall of the air guide tube (37) is adapted to the inner wall of the air guide groove (38); A residual gas discharge pipe (39) is installed on the top of the pressing plate (27), and one end of the residual gas discharge pipe (39) extends to the outside of the furnace body (1); An explosion-proof membrane is installed on the top of the furnace body (1).

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