Micro blood sugar measuring device and blood sugar measuring method based on liquid crystal polarization control

Abstract

The present invention specifically relates to a micro blood glucose measuring device and a blood glucose measuring method based on liquid crystal polarization regulation, so as to solve the technical problems of the existing blood glucose measuring device by polarimetry, such as complex structure, large volume, low precision and poor real-time performance, or high cost and process requirements. The present invention comprises a light source module, an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module, a first coupling lens, an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module, a detector module and an electrically controlled module. The electrically controlled module is used to control the phase of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module and the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module, which can be directly placed in a set polarization state. The electrically controlled module is used to realize synchronous triggering of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module and / or the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module and the detector module, which can realize real-time detection of the polarization state. The device has high control precision, simple structure, low cost, small volume and high measurement efficiency, and meets the development requirements of high precision, light weight and portability of non-invasive blood glucose meters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a polarization control device and method, and in particular to a micro blood sugar measuring device and a blood sugar measuring method based on liquid crystal polarization control. Background Art

[0002] At present, blood glucose monitoring is mainly carried out in an invasive way, which requires frequent blood sampling, which can easily cause physical pain and psychological burden to patients. At the same time, the long-term purchase of test strips will also cause financial burden to patients, which cannot meet the long-term blood glucose monitoring needs of patients, especially diabetic patients. Therefore, non-invasive blood glucose measurement technology has become a research hotspot in academia and industry due to its advantages of non-contact, harmless, convenient and safe.

[0003] In recent years, the use of optical methods to achieve non-invasive blood glucose measurement has shown great development potential. This method usually uses a beam of light to focus on a certain part of the human body to be tested. The light is reflected and scattered multiple times in the human tissue, carrying blood glucose information in the human tissue. This optical information is then obtained through an optical measuring device, and the blood glucose concentration is calculated, ultimately achieving non-invasive measurement of human blood glucose.

[0004] Common non-invasive optical methods for blood glucose measurement include polarization rotation, Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and photoacoustic spectroscopy. Among them, the polarization method uses the optical rotation properties of glucose itself, that is, the polarization direction of polarized light after passing through the glucose solution forms a certain angle with the original polarization direction, and the size of the angle is related to the glucose concentration. Therefore, the glucose concentration can be calculated by measuring the deflection angle of polarized light.

[0005] Due to the complex composition of human blood and tissue, it is difficult to achieve the high-precision requirements of clinical blood glucose measurement using only a single optical rotation angle. It is necessary to introduce a polarization state controller composed of multiple discrete polarizers, wave plates, photoelectric modulators and other components to construct a Mueller matrix that can fully describe the optical properties of the complex chaotic tissues of the human body, thereby effectively improving the measurement accuracy.

[0006] Existing polarimetric blood glucose measuring devices usually use a rotary wheel structure or a micro-nano wire grid structure to control the polarization state. However, due to the use of a complex mechanical rotary wheel structure, the rotary polarimetric blood glucose measuring device has the problems of large size, low control accuracy, high assembly precision requirements, difficulty in efficient real-time measurement, and severe wear due to multiple mechanical rotations. The micro-nano wire grid structure is expensive to prepare, has high micro-nano process requirements and a low yield rate, and is difficult to meet the requirements of actual commercial blood glucose measuring devices. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems of the existing polarimetric blood glucose measuring devices, such as complex structure, large size, low accuracy and poor real-time performance, or high cost and process requirements, and to provide a micro blood glucose measuring device and blood glucose measuring method based on liquid crystal polarization regulation.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A micro blood sugar measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization regulation is special in that it includes a light source module, an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module, a first coupling lens, an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module, a detector module and an electrically controlled module;

[0010] The light source module is used to generate a detection light beam;

[0011] The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module is arranged on the optical path of the detection light beam, and is used to adjust the polarization state of the detection light beam to form polarized light of a set polarization state and focus it on the part of the human body to be tested;

[0012] The first coupling lens, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module and the detector module are sequentially arranged on the outgoing optical path of the polarized light of the human body part to be tested along the light beam transmission direction;

[0013] The first coupling lens is used to converge polarized light emitted from the body part to be tested, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module is used to adjust the polarization state of the polarized light emitted from the body part to be tested, thereby detecting its polarization information, and the detector module is used to detect the polarization information;

[0014] The electric control module is electrically connected to the electric control liquid crystal polarizing module, the electric control liquid crystal analyzing module, and the detector module, respectively, and is used to send a trigger signal to the detector module, and synchronously adjust the phase of the electric control liquid crystal polarizing module and / or the electric control liquid crystal analyzing module, so that the electric control liquid crystal polarizing module and / or the electric control liquid crystal analyzing module are in a set polarization state;

[0015] The regulation period of the electrically-controlled liquid crystal polarizing module is 1 / N of that of the electrically-controlled liquid crystal analyzing module, wherein N is the number of set polarization states, and N≥4.

[0016] Furthermore, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization module comprises a first linear polarizer, a first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and a second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter which are sequentially arranged along the optical path;

[0017] The first linear polarizer, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter form a stacked cascade structure;

[0018] The first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter have the same regulation period and are electrically connected to the electric control module respectively.

[0019] Furthermore, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module comprises a second linear polarizer, a third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and a fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter which are sequentially arranged along the optical path;

[0020] The second linear polarizer, the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter form a stacked cascade structure;

[0021] The third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter have the same regulation period and are electrically connected to the electric control module respectively.

[0022] Furthermore, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization module further comprises a first temperature control component;

[0023] The first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are arranged on a first temperature control component, and the first temperature control component is used to measure and adjust the temperature of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter;

[0024] The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module further includes a second temperature control component;

[0025] The third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are arranged on a second temperature control component, and the second temperature control component is used to measure and adjust the temperature of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter.

[0026] Furthermore, the light source module comprises a light source and a second coupling lens arranged in the emitting direction of the light source, and the light beam generated by the light source passes through the second coupling lens to form a collimated and parallel detection light beam.

[0027] Furthermore, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter both use liquid crystal phase retarders, the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter both use liquid crystal phase retarder arrays, and the detector module uses a planar array detector;

[0028] Alternatively, the first electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, the second electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, the third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter all use liquid crystal phase retarders, and the detector module uses a single-point detector.

[0029] Furthermore, the set polarization states are 0° linear polarization state, 45° linear polarization state, 90° linear polarization state and circular polarization state; when the first electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, the second electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, the third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter all adopt liquid crystal phase retarders:

[0030] The polarization direction of the first linear polarizer is 45°, the angle between the main axis direction of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the polarization direction of the first linear polarizer is 90°, and the angle between the main axis direction of the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the polarization direction of the first linear polarizer is 45°;

[0031] When the phases of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are π / 2 and 3π / 2 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module is in a 0° linear polarization state;

[0032] When the phases of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are 0 and 0 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module is in a 45° linear polarization state;

[0033] When the phases of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are π / 2 and π / 2 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module is in a 90° linear polarization state;

[0034] When the phases of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are π / 2 and π respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module is in a circular polarization state;

[0035] The polarization direction of the second linear polarizer is 45°, the angle between the main axis direction of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the polarization direction of the second linear polarizer is 90°, and the angle between the main axis direction of the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the polarization direction of the second linear polarizer is 45°;

[0036] When the phases of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are π / 2 and 3π / 2 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzer module is in a 0° linear polarization state;

[0037] When the phases of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are 0 and 0 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzer module is in a 45° linear polarization state;

[0038] When the phases of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are π / 2 and π / 2 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module is in a 90° linear polarization state;

[0039] When the phases of the third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are π / 2 and π respectively, the electrically-controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module is in a circular polarization state.

[0040] The present invention also provides a blood sugar measurement method based on liquid crystal polarization regulation, which uses the above-mentioned micro blood sugar measurement device based on liquid crystal polarization regulation, and its special feature is that it includes the following steps:

[0041] Step 1, setting N polarization states, and then making the light source module generate a detection beam and transmitting it to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization module;

[0042] Step 2: The electric control module sends a trigger signal to the detector module, and synchronously adjusts the phases of the electric-controlled liquid crystal polarizing module and the electric-controlled liquid crystal analyzing module, so that the electric-controlled liquid crystal polarizing module and the electric-controlled liquid crystal analyzing module are respectively in N polarization states, forming N×N polarization state combinations, and then respectively obtains polarization information of each polarization state combination; wherein the polarization information is obtained by the following steps:

[0043] Step 2.1, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module regulates the polarization state of the detection light beam to form polarized light of a set polarization state and focus it on the part of the human body to be tested;

[0044] Step 2.2, the first coupling lens converges the polarized light emitted from the body part to be tested, and sends it to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module, which regulates the polarization state of the polarized light emitted from the body part to be tested to form polarized light with a polarization state combination;

[0045] Step 2.3, the detector module performs polarization imaging and detection on the polarized light of the polarization state combination to obtain polarization information of the polarization state combination;

[0046] Step 3: Calculate the blood glucose concentration based on the polarization information of the obtained N×N polarization state combinations to complete the blood glucose measurement.

[0047] Further, when the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are all liquid crystal phase retarders, the detector module in step 2.3 is a single-point detector, which detects N polarization states of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module respectively;

[0048] When the first electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the second electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are liquid crystal phase retarders, and the third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter are liquid crystal phase retarder arrays, then the detector module in step 2.3 is a planar array detector, which simultaneously detects N polarization states of the electrically-controlled liquid crystal polarization module.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] 1. The present invention provides a micro blood glucose measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization regulation, which uses an electric control module to regulate the phase of an electric liquid crystal polarizing module and an electric liquid crystal analyzing module, so that they are directly in a set polarization state, and uses the electric control module to realize synchronous triggering of the electric liquid crystal polarizing module and / or the electric liquid crystal analyzing module and the detector module, so as to realize real-time detection of the polarization state, with high control accuracy, simple structure, low cost, small size and high measurement efficiency, meeting the development requirements of high-precision, lightweight and portable non-invasive blood glucose meters;

[0051] 2. In a micro blood glucose measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization regulation provided by the present invention, both the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module and the electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzing module adopt a stacked cascade structure, with reasonable layout design and small size, and the phase of the electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter is controlled by the electrically controlled module to regulate the polarization state in real time, thereby realizing real-time detection of the polarization state, further shortening the regulation time of the polarization state and improving the measurement efficiency;

[0052] 3. In a micro blood glucose measurement device based on liquid crystal polarization regulation provided by the present invention, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization module is not only matched with the stacked cascade liquid crystal device process, but also compatible with the mature planar pixelated liquid crystal processing technology, which can realize the vertical parameter dimension and array expansion, and conveniently complete the iterative upgrade of product functions. Its preparation process is mature, the technical compatibility is high, the price is low, and it is easy to realize mass industrial production;

[0053] 4. In a micro blood glucose measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization regulation provided by the present invention, both the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module and the electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzing module include a temperature control component, which can reduce the influence of the external temperature and realize high-precision regulation of the electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter;

[0054] 5. In a micro blood glucose measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization regulation provided by the present invention, the light source module includes a second coupling lens, which can couple light to improve energy utilization;

[0055] 6. In a micro blood glucose measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization regulation provided by the present invention, the first electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the second electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter adopt liquid crystal phase retarders, the third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter adopt liquid crystal phase retarder arrays, and the detector module adopts a planar array detector, which can realize one-time polarization imaging of multiple polarization states, greatly improving the high efficiency and real-time performance of the measuring device; or, the first electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, the second electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, the third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter all adopt liquid crystal phase retarders, and the detector module adopts a single-point detector, which has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to mass produce. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a micro-liquid crystal electrically controlled polarizing module in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module and the detector module in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1-light source module, 11-light source, 12-second coupling lens, 2-electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module, 21-first linear polarizer, 22-first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, 23-second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, 24-first temperature control component, 3-human body part to be measured, 4-first coupling lens, 5-electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module, 51-second linear polarizer, 52-third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, 53-fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter, 54-second temperature control component, 6-detector module, 7-electric control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following is a further detailed description of a micro blood glucose measurement device and method based on liquid crystal polarization regulation proposed by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] Embodiment 1

[0063] A micro blood glucose measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization control, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a light source module 1, an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2, a first coupling lens 4, an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 5, a detector module 6 and an electric control module 7. The light source module 1 includes a light source 11 and a second coupling lens 12 arranged in the emitting direction of the light source 11. The light beam generated by the light source 11 passes through the second coupling lens 12 to form a collimated and parallel detection beam.

[0064] The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2 is arranged on the optical path of the detection light beam, and is used to focus the polarized light of the set polarization state formed by adjusting the polarization state of the detection light beam to the human body part to be tested 3. The human body part to be tested 3 can both reflect polarized light and transmit polarized light, preferably reflect polarized light. The first coupling lens 4, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 5 and the detector module 6 are arranged in sequence on the optical path of the polarized light emitted from the human body part to be tested 3 along the light beam transmission direction. The first coupling lens 4 is used to converge the polarized light emitted from the human body part to be tested 3, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 5 is used to adjust the polarization state of the polarized light emitted from the human body part to be tested 3, so as to detect its polarization information, and the detector module 6 is used to detect the polarization information.

[0065] The electric control module 7 is electrically connected to the electric control liquid crystal polarizing module 2, the electric control liquid crystal analyzing module 5, and the detector module 6, respectively, and is used to send a trigger signal to the detector module 6, and synchronously adjust the phase of the electric control liquid crystal polarizing module 2 and / or the electric control liquid crystal analyzing module 5, so that the electric control liquid crystal polarizing module 2 and / or the electric control liquid crystal analyzing module 5 are in a set polarization state. The regulation period of the electric control liquid crystal polarizing module 2 is 1 / N of that of the electric control liquid crystal analyzing module 5, where N is the number of set polarization states, and N≥4.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2 includes a first linear polarizer 21, a first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22, and a second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23, which are sequentially arranged along the optical path, and a first temperature control component 24. The first linear polarizer 21, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22, and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23 form a stacked cascade structure, and the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23 are arranged on the first temperature control component 24. The first temperature control component 24 is used to measure and adjust the temperature of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23, which can reduce external interference and achieve high-precision control of the phase of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23. The control cycles of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23 are the same, and are electrically connected to the electric control module 7 respectively.

[0067] The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module 5 includes a second linear polarizer 51, a third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and a fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53, which are sequentially arranged along the optical path, and a second temperature control component 54. The second linear polarizer 51, the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 form a stacked cascade structure, and the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 are arranged on the second temperature control component 54. The second temperature control component 54 is used to measure and adjust the temperature of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53. The control cycles of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 are the same, and are electrically connected to the electric control module 7 respectively.

[0068] The first temperature control component 24 and the second temperature control component 54 perform temperature compensation on the first electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22, the second electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23, the third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 to meet the demand for precise phase control and further improve the accuracy of polarization state control, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy of the device.

[0069] The first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 , the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23 , the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 all use liquid crystal phase retarders, and the detector module 6 is a photoelectric signal conversion device using a single-point detector.

[0070] The working principle of the micro blood glucose measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization control in this embodiment is as follows:

[0071] The light source module 1 emits a detection beam, which enters the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2 and becomes polarized light of a set polarization state, and then irradiates the body part 3 to be tested. The polarized light emitted from the body part 3 to be tested is then collected by the first coupling lens 4, and then the polarization state is regulated and analyzed by the electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzer module 5, and then the polarized light information is detected by the detector module 6, and finally the polarized light information collected by the detector module 6 is mathematically calculated to obtain the blood sugar value. Among them, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2 and the electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzer module 5 adjust the phase through the electrically controlled module 7 to generate polarized light with different polarization states, and the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2 and / or the electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzer module 5 and the detector module 6 are synchronously triggered through the electrically controlled module 7.

[0072] The electrically-controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2 and the electrically-controlled liquid crystal analyzing module 5 adjust the phases of the first electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the second electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23, as well as the third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 through the electrically-controlled module 7, so that they are in different polarization states to meet the needs of various full-Stokes polarized light regulation.

[0073] This embodiment only takes four typical polarization states, namely, 0° linear polarization state, 45° linear polarization state, 90° linear polarization state and circular polarization state, as examples for explanation. The polarization direction of the first linear polarizer 21 is set to 45°, the angle between the main axis direction of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the polarization direction of the first linear polarizer 21 is set to 90°, and the angle between the main axis direction of the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23 and the polarization direction of the first linear polarizer 21 is set to 45°; the polarization direction of the second linear polarizer 51 is set to 45°, the angle between the main axis direction of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the polarization direction of the second linear polarizer 51 is set to 90°, and the angle between the main axis direction of the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 and the polarization direction of the second linear polarizer 51 is set to 45°.

[0074] As shown in Table 1, when the phases of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23 are π / 2 and 3π / 2, 0 and 0, π / 2 and π / 2, π / 2 and π, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2 is in the 0° linear polarization state, 45° linear polarization state, 90° linear polarization state and circular polarization state, respectively. When the phases of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 are π / 2 and 3π / 2, 0 and 0, π / 2 and π / 2, π / 2 and π, the electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzing module 5 is in the 0° linear polarization state, 45° linear polarization state, 90° linear polarization state and circular polarization state, respectively.

[0075] Table 1

[0076]

[0077] The phase optical calculation process of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22, the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23, the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 corresponding to the above four polarization states is as follows:

[0078] Stokes vector after the detection beam passes through the micro-liquid crystal electric polarization module 2 S It can be expressed as:

[0079] S =M2M1 S ' in

[0080] in, S ' in is the Stokes vector of the light beam detected by the first polarizer 21, M1 and M2 are the Mueller matrices of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23, respectively, then:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, δ1 and δ2 are the phases of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23, respectively. Substituting the phase combinations designed sequentially in Table 1 in turn, the following can be obtained:

[0083] ① When hour, , and obtain the 0° linear polarization state I 0;

[0084] ② When hour, , and obtain a 45° linear polarization state I 45 ;

[0085] ③ When hour, , and obtain a 90° linear polarization state I 90 ;

[0086] ④ When hour, , and the circular polarization state is obtained I C .

[0087] When blood glucose is measured under the above four polarization states, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23 have the same electrically controlled period. T A The third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 have the same electrically controlled period T P ,and Corresponding to each polarization state of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2, the electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzing module 5 respectively completes the measurement under the above four polarization states, and finally realizes the detection of polarization information of a total of 16 combined polarization states of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2-electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzing module 5, as shown in Table 2. The single-point detector detects and images the polarization information of the above 16 combined polarization states to obtain 16 groups of light intensity values, and the blood glucose concentration of the human body can be calculated based on the 16 groups of light intensity values.

[0088] Table 2

[0089]

[0090] The typical liquid crystal control response time is τ=2 ms. Therefore, in this embodiment, 16τ=32 ms are required to complete the detection of polarization information of 16 combined polarization states.

[0091] This embodiment also provides a blood sugar measurement method based on liquid crystal polarization regulation, using the above-mentioned micro blood sugar measurement device based on liquid crystal polarization regulation, comprising the following steps:

[0092] Step 1: Set four polarization states, namely, 0° linear polarization state, 45° linear polarization state, 90° linear polarization state and circular polarization state, so that the light source module 1 generates a detection beam and transmits it to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2.

[0093] Step 2: The electric control module 7 sends a trigger signal to the detector module 6, and synchronously adjusts the phase of the electric-controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2 and / or the electric-controlled liquid crystal analyzing module, so that the electric-controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2 and the electric-controlled liquid crystal analyzing module 5 are respectively in the 0° linear polarization state, the 45° linear polarization state, the 90° linear polarization state and the circular polarization state, forming 16 polarization state combinations, and then respectively obtaining polarization information of each polarization state combination. The polarization information is obtained by the following steps:

[0094] 2.1. The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2 regulates the polarization state of the detection light beam to form polarized light of a set polarization state and focus it on the human body part 3 to be detected;

[0095] 2.2. The first coupling lens 4 gathers the polarized light emitted from the human body part 3 to be tested, and sends it to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module 5. The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module 5 regulates the polarization state of the polarized light emitted from the human body part 3 to be tested, and forms polarized light with a polarization state combination;

[0096] 2.3. The detector module 6 performs polarization imaging and detection on the polarized light of the polarization state combination to obtain polarization information of the polarization state combination.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22, the second electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23, the third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 all use liquid crystal phase retarders, and the detector module 6 is a single-point detector that detects the four polarization states of the electrically-controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module 5 respectively.

[0098] Step 3: Calculate the blood glucose concentration based on the polarization information of the 16 polarization state combinations to complete the blood glucose measurement. The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0099] The detector module 6 detects the Stokes vector of the emitted light S 'satisfy:

[0100] S ′=M· S

[0101] in, S To detect the Stokes vector of the light beam after passing through the micro-liquid crystal electric-controlled polarization module 2, M is the Mueller matrix of the human body part 3 to be tested, which is composed of the polarization information of the 16 polarization state combinations obtained by measurement and satisfies:

[0102]

[0103] The corresponding differential Mueller matrix m can be calculated from the differential Mueller matrix theory as follows:

[0104]

[0105] in, v and are the eigenvector and eigenvalue of the Mueller matrix M of the human body part to be tested, is the optical path. The deflection angle caused by the optical rotation effect of blood glucose can be calculated from the differential Mueller matrix m :

[0106]

[0107] In the differential Mueller matrix m, m 23 With m 32 are two key core Mueller elements, which can directly reflect the change of blood glucose optical rotation angle, while the other Mueller elements in the Mueller matrix are redundant noise signals and cannot directly reflect the change trend of blood glucose optical rotation angle (usually representing the absorption and scattering of other components of human tissues, etc.). Therefore, this embodiment uses m in the differential Mueller matrix. 23 With m 32 Perform the calculation directly.

[0108] Furthermore, the blood glucose concentration of the human body can be calculated C for:

[0109]

[0110] in, , is the characteristic deflection angle of glucose.

[0111] Embodiment 2

[0112] In this embodiment, except for the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 in the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module 5 and the structures of the detector module 6, the structures, working principles and measurement methods of the remaining parts are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0113] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23 use liquid crystal phase retarders, while the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 use liquid crystal phase retarder arrays, and the detector module 6 uses a planar array detector, which simultaneously detects the four polarization states of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module 5. Among them, the main axis direction of each pixel of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the polarization direction of the second linear polarizer 51 have an angle of 90°, and the main axis direction of each pixel of the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 and the polarization direction of the second linear polarizer 51 have an angle of 45°.

[0114] According to the correspondence between the phase and polarization state of the third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 in Table 1, electrically-controlled phase modulation (π / 2, 3π / 2), (0, 0), (π / 2, π / 2) and (π / 2, π) of each corresponding pixel in pairs is completed along the transmission direction of the light beam, so that the electrically-controlled liquid crystal polarization module 5 is in four polarization states of 0° linear polarization state, 45° linear polarization state, 90° linear polarization state and circular polarization state at one time.

[0115] The detection light beam generated by the light source module 1 forms 0° linear polarized light, 45° linear polarized light, 90° linear polarized light or circular polarized light after passing through the electrically-controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 2, and irradiates the human body part 3 to be tested. The polarized light emitted from the human body part 3 to be tested passes through the first coupling lens 4, is polarized and split in the electrically-controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 5, and finally forms an image in the planar array detector module 6, so that the 0° linear polarization state, 45° linear polarization state, 90° linear polarization state and circular polarization state of the electrically-controlled liquid crystal polarizing module 5 can be detected in a single time.

[0116] In this embodiment, it is only necessary to adjust the phases of the corresponding pixels in the third electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 52 and the fourth electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 53 at the beginning of the measurement, so that the pixels of the electrically-controlled liquid crystal polarization module 5 are respectively in the 0° linear polarization state, the 45° linear polarization state, the 90° linear polarization state and the circular polarization state, and then adjust the phases of the first electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 22 and the second electrically-controlled liquid crystal phase shifter 23, so that the electrically-controlled liquid crystal polarization module 2 is respectively in the 0° linear polarization state, the 45° linear polarization state, the 90° linear polarization state and the circular polarization state, so as to complete the detection of polarization information of 16 combined polarization states as shown in Table 2.

[0117] The typical liquid crystal response time is τ=2 ms. Therefore, in this embodiment, it only takes 4τ=8 ms to complete the detection of polarization information of 16 combined polarization states.

Claims

1. A micro blood glucose measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization control, characterized in that: It comprises a light source module (1), an electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2), a first coupling lens (4), an electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzing module (5), a detector module (6) and an electrically controlled module (7); The light source module (1) is used to generate a detection light beam; The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2) is arranged on the optical path of the detection light beam, and is used to adjust the polarization state of the detection light beam to form polarized light of a set polarization state and focus it on the part of the human body to be tested (3); The first coupling lens (4), the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5) and the detector module (6) are arranged in sequence along the light beam transmission direction on the outgoing light path of the polarized light of the human body part to be tested (3); The first coupling lens (4) is used to converge polarized light emitted from the human body part to be tested (3), the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5) is used to adjust the polarization state of the polarized light emitted from the human body part to be tested (3), thereby detecting its polarization information, and the detector module (6) is used to detect the polarization information; The electric control module (7) is electrically connected to the electric control liquid crystal polarizing module (2), the electric control liquid crystal analyzing module (5), and the detector module (6) respectively, and is used to send a trigger signal to the detector module (6), and synchronously adjust the phase of the electric control liquid crystal polarizing module (2) and / or the electric control liquid crystal analyzing module (5), so that the electric control liquid crystal polarizing module (2) and / or the electric control liquid crystal analyzing module (5) are in a set polarization state; The regulation period of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2) is 1 / N of that of the electrically controlled liquid crystal analyzing module (5), wherein N is the number of set polarization states, and N≥4; The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2) comprises a first linear polarizing plate (21), a first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22) and a second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23) which are sequentially arranged along the optical path; The first linear polarizing plate (21), the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22), and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23) form a stacked cascade structure; The first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22) and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23) have the same control cycle and are electrically connected to the electric control module (7) respectively; The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5) comprises a second linear polarizer (51), a third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and a fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) which are sequentially arranged along the optical path; The second linear polarizing plate (51), the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) form a stacked cascade structure; The third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) have the same regulation cycle and are electrically connected to the electric control module (7) respectively; When the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22) and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23) adopt liquid crystal phase retarders, and the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) adopt liquid crystal phase retarder arrays, the detector module (6) adopts a planar array detector; Alternatively, when the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22), the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23), the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) all adopt liquid crystal phase retarders, the detector module (6) adopts a single-point detector.

2. A micro blood glucose measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2) further comprises a first temperature control component (24); The first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22) and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23) are arranged on a first temperature control component (24), and the first temperature control component (24) is used to measure and adjust the temperature of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22) and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23); The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5) further comprises a second temperature control component (54); The third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) are arranged on a second temperature control component (54), and the second temperature control component (54) is used to measure and adjust the temperature of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53).

3. A micro blood glucose measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light source module (1) comprises a light source (11) and a second coupling lens (12) arranged in the emission direction of the light source (11); the light beam generated by the light source (11) passes through the second coupling lens (12) to form a collimated parallel detection light beam.

4. The micro blood glucose measuring device based on liquid crystal polarization control according to claim 3, characterized in that: The set polarization states are respectively 0° linear polarization state, 45° linear polarization state, 90° linear polarization state and circular polarization state; The polarization direction of the first linear polarizer (21) is 45°, the angle between the main axis direction of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22) and the polarization direction of the first linear polarizer (21) is 90°, and the angle between the main axis direction of the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23) and the polarization direction of the first linear polarizer (21) is 45°; When the phases of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22) and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23) are π / 2 and 3π / 2 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2) is in a 0° linear polarization state; When the phases of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22) and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23) are 0 and 0 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2) is in a 45° linear polarization state; When the phases of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22) and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23) are π / 2 and π / 2 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2) is in a 90° linear polarization state; When the phases of the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22) and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23) are π / 2 and π respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2) is in a circular polarization state; The polarization direction of the second linear polarizer (51) is 45°, the angle between the main axis direction of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the polarization direction of the second linear polarizer (51) is 90°, and the angle between the main axis direction of the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) and the polarization direction of the second linear polarizer (51) is 45°; When the phases of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) are π / 2 and 3π / 2 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5) is in a 0° linear polarization state; When the phases of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) are 0 and 0 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5) is in a 45° linear polarization state; When the phases of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) are π / 2 and π / 2 respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5) is in a 90° linear polarization state; When the phases of the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) are π / 2 and π respectively, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5) is in a circular polarization state.

5. A blood glucose measurement method based on liquid crystal polarization regulation, using a micro blood glucose measurement device based on liquid crystal polarization regulation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, setting N polarization states, and then making the light source module (1) generate a detection beam and transmitting it to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization module (2); Step 2: The electric control module (7) sends a trigger signal to the detector module (6), and synchronously adjusts the phase of the electric-controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2) and / or the electric-controlled liquid crystal analyzing module (5), so that the electric-controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2) and the electric-controlled liquid crystal analyzing module (5) are respectively in N polarization states, forming N×N polarization state combinations, and then respectively obtaining polarization information of each polarization state combination; wherein the polarization information is obtained by the following steps: Step 2.1, the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing module (2) controls the polarization state of the detection light beam to form polarized light of a set polarization state and focus it on the part of the human body to be tested (3); Step 2.2, the first coupling lens (4) gathers the polarized light emitted from the human body part to be tested (3), and sends it to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5), and the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5) regulates the polarization state of the polarized light emitted from the human body part to be tested (3), thereby forming polarized light with a combination of polarization states; Step 2.3, the detector module (6) performs polarization imaging and detection on the polarized light of the polarization state combination to obtain polarization information of the polarization state combination; specifically: When the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22), the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23), the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) are all liquid crystal phase retarders, the detector module (6) in step 2.3 is a single-point detector, which performs polarization imaging and detection on the N polarization states of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5) respectively; When the first electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (22) and the second electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (23) are liquid crystal phase retarders, and the third electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (52) and the fourth electrically controlled liquid crystal phase shifter (53) are liquid crystal phase retarder arrays, the detector module (6) in step 2.3 is a planar array detector, which simultaneously performs polarization imaging and detection on N polarization states of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarization analyzer module (5); Step 3: Calculate the blood glucose concentration based on the polarization information of the obtained N×N polarization state combinations to complete the blood glucose measurement.

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