A Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device loaded by air pressure and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an air pressure loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device and a method of using the device, which relates to the technical field of test devices, including a transparent high-pressure air chamber, the transparent high-pressure air chamber including a first cavity and a second cavity, a self-locking component is provided at the connection between the second cavity and the first cavity; a transmission rod is provided at one end of the first cavity away from the second cavity, and an incident rod is provided at one end of the second cavity away from the first cavity; the self-locking component includes a limiter and a slider symmetrically arranged at the end of the first cavity, one end of the slider is fixedly connected to the limiter, and a through hole is provided on the other end of the slider, and a mechanical positioning member is provided in the through hole. The present invention adopts an air pressure loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device and a method of using the above structure, which reduces the difficulty and complexity of conventional hydraulic-based active confining pressure devices, improves data accuracy and increases observable functions, and provides reliable technical support for multi-axis loading analysis of impact dynamics of materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of test devices, and in particular to an air pressure loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the research on the mechanical behavior of engineering materials under confining pressure and high strain rate has low accuracy of experimental data, significant discreteness, and unobservable damage process. With the deepening of relevant research, there is an urgent need for a feasible experimental device to improve the above problems. At present, the pressurization method of the active confining pressure device matched with the split Hopkinson pressure bar is oil pressure. The oil is pumped into the oil chamber through the oil pump, and the generated hydraulic pressure exerts pressure around the specimen through the rubber interlayer. Such a pressurization system will cause the following problems: 1. The oil pressure is transmitted to the specimen through the rubber interlayer, but during the loading process, the specimen will inevitably produce lateral deformation, and the rubber interlayer will generate tension and constrain the deformation, causing the deformation to be distorted; 2. The large deformation of the material will cause the volume change of the hydraulic oil in the confining pressure device, making it difficult for the active confining pressure device to maintain a stable pressure during the test; 3. The existing hydraulic active confining pressure device is completely closed, the loading process cannot be observed, and the damage of the specimen cannot be analyzed. In summary, if the above key problems are to be solved, a new active confining pressure device needs to be designed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pneumatically loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device and a use method thereof, so as to solve the problems of large pressure fluctuation, complicated operation and inaccurate experimental data in traditional hydraulic systems.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an air pressure loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device, comprising a transparent high-pressure air chamber, the transparent high-pressure air chamber comprising a first cavity and a second cavity, a self-locking component is provided at the connection between the second cavity and the first cavity; a transmission rod is provided at one end of the first cavity away from the second cavity, an incident rod is provided at one end of the second cavity away from the first cavity, and one end of the incident rod and the transmission rod both extend into the first cavity and the second cavity;

[0005] The self-locking assembly includes a limiter and a slider symmetrically arranged at the end of the first cavity, one end of the slider is fixedly connected to the limiter, the other end of the slider is provided with a through hole, a mechanical adjustment member is arranged in the through hole, one end of the mechanical adjustment member extends to the outside, the other end of the mechanical adjustment member contacts the side wall of the second cavity, and the mechanical adjustment member is provided with a thread;

[0006] A plurality of balls are disposed on the first connection point and the second connection point where the second cavity and the slider are connected;

[0007] The first cavity is provided with an injection hole and an exhaust hole, a sealing member is provided between the exhaust hole and the injection hole, and the sealing member is provided on the side wall of the first cavity.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the first cavity is provided with an opening 1, the opening 1 is connected to a one-way flexible ring 1 through a connecting piece, and the first cavity is connected to the transmission rod through the one-way flexible ring 1; one end of the second cavity is provided with an opening 2, the opening 2 is provided with a one-way flexible ring 2, and the second cavity is connected to the incident rod through the one-way flexible ring 2;

[0009] The one-way flexible ring 1 and the one-way flexible ring 2 are both made of high-strength, low-friction elastic material.

[0010] Preferably, a test piece is arranged between the transmission rod and the incident rod.

[0011] Preferably, a bullet is connected to one end of the incident rod away from the transmission rod, and one end of the transmission rod away from the incident rod is connected to a brake block.

[0012] Preferably, the gas injection hole is connected to an air pump assembly, the air pump assembly includes a sealed pipe connected to the gas injection hole, a pressure regulator and a safety valve are provided on the sealed pipe, and the end of the sealed pipe not connected to the gas injection hole is connected to an external gas source.

[0013] Preferably, an operation panel is provided on the outer surface of the first cavity, and a data interface, a data storage module, an automatic control module, an air pressure display module, an alarm module and an emergency stop button are provided on the operation panel.

[0014] Preferably, the transparent high-pressure gas chamber is made of high-pressure-resistant and impact-resistant fused quartz glass.

[0015] A method for using a Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device loaded with air pressure comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step S1, preparing the equipment: checking whether the air pump assembly, the self-locking assembly, the transparent high-pressure air chamber, the incident rod, the transmission rod, the one-way flexible ring 1 and the one-way flexible ring 2 are intact to ensure their normal operation, adjusting the distance between the first cavity and the second cavity by the mechanical positioning member to ensure that the first cavity and the one-way flexible ring 1, the second cavity and the one-way flexible ring 2 are aligned and firmly connected;

[0017] Step S2, placing the test piece: placing the test piece between the incident rod and the transmission rod so that the test piece contacts the end surfaces of the incident rod and the transmission rod, closing and locking the transparent high-pressure air chamber, activating the self-locking component, and ensuring that the transparent high-pressure air chamber is completely sealed;

[0018] Step S3, constructing the transparent high-pressure air chamber: filling the transparent high-pressure air chamber with appropriate gas through the gas injection hole, gradually increasing the gas pressure to apply confining pressure to the specimen, at this time, the one-way flexible ring 1 and the one-way flexible ring 2 will gradually adapt to the deformation of the specimen to ensure that the confining pressure is uniform and stable;

[0019] Step S4, setting air pressure: setting the experimental parameters on the operation panel, inputting the air pressure value required for the experiment through the automatic control module, setting the loading time and loading rate of the air pressure, adjusting the initial state of the pressure sensor set on the transparent high-pressure air chamber, ensuring that the connection between the pressure sensor and the automatic control module is normal, and the pressure sensor will monitor the air pressure inside the transparent high-pressure air chamber in real time, and feed back to the automatic control module to maintain the stability of the air pressure;

[0020] Step S5, starting the self-locking component: the self-locking component is started, and the slider and the ball are locked in reverse direction under the push of air pressure;

[0021] Step S6, experiment monitoring and data collection: During the experiment, the state of the test piece is observed in real time through the transmission rod, and the experimental parameters are adjusted and monitored in real time through the mechanical adjustment member and the operation panel;

[0022] Step S7, exhaust: after the experiment is completed, the gas in the transparent high-pressure air chamber is released through the exhaust hole, the air pressure is gradually reduced to a safe level, and the locking state of the self-locking component is released;

[0023] Step S8, data processing and analysis: The experimental data is recorded and saved through the data storage module, and the data is exported to an external analysis system for further processing and research.

[0024] Therefore, the present invention adopts a pressure-loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device and a method of using the above structure, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The transparent high-pressure gas chamber constructed of fused quartz glass in the present invention can realize real-time observation of the specimen under high-pressure environment, overcoming the defect that the existing hydraulic device cannot observe the loading process due to being completely closed. It not only provides excellent optical transparency and low refractive index, but also has excellent high-pressure resistance, and can maintain the stability of the gas chamber and the clarity of specimen observation under extreme experimental conditions.

[0026] (2) The present invention solves the problem of hydraulic oil volume change caused by material deformation in traditional hydraulic systems through air pressure loading technology, thereby ensuring that a stable pressure is maintained during the test and avoiding pressure instability in the hydraulic system.

[0027] (3) The device of the present invention does not need to use a rubber interlayer, and the confining pressure is directly applied to the specimen by air pressure, thereby avoiding the problem of the rubber interlayer constraining the deformation of the specimen and causing deformation distortion in traditional hydraulic technology, and improving the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0028] (4) The present invention can achieve all-round loading of triaxial pressure, simulating the stress state of deep-layer rocks or seabed materials under a hydrostatic pressure environment, overcoming the limitation of traditional hydraulic technology that can only apply side confining pressure but cannot load end surface pressure.

[0029] (5) The present invention adopts a gas pressure loading method to make the experimental environment cleaner. Since the gas has a smaller volatility, it is easier to achieve voltage stabilization control, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment and the reliability of the data. The design is simple, easy to install and maintain, and adopts a modular design. Functional modules can be added or removed according to different experimental requirements, thereby enhancing the applicability and flexibility of the device.

[0030] (6) The automatic control module and data storage module of the present invention can monitor and record the air pressure, temperature and specimen deformation during the experiment in real time, ensuring the integrity and traceability of the experimental data and providing reliable support for subsequent analysis.

[0031] (7) The automatic control module of the present invention can accurately adjust the air pressure changes during the experiment, improve the repeatability of the experiment and the consistency of the results, and is particularly suitable for studying the impact dynamics behavior of materials under high-pressure extreme environments.

[0032] (8) The self-locking assembly of the present invention ensures that the air chamber remains sealed during the loading process and prevents the reverse action of the air pressure, thereby ensuring the unidirectionality of the loading process and the safety of the experiment.

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a pneumatically loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device and a method of using the same according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pneumatically loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device and a method of using the device according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking assembly of a Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device loaded with air pressure and a method of using the same.

[0037] Figure numerals: 1. transparent high-pressure air chamber; 2. transmission rod; 3. incident rod; 4. limiter; 5. slider; 6. mechanical adjustment member; 7. ball bearing; 8. connector; 9. one-way flexible ring 1; 10. one-way flexible ring 2; 11. test piece; 12. bullet; 13. brake block; 14. air injection hole; 15. exhaust hole; 16. seal; 17. operation panel; 18. limiter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0040] Example

[0041] See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides an air pressure loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device, comprising a transparent high-pressure air chamber 1, which is made of high-pressure resistant and impact-resistant fused quartz glass, and is used to accommodate a test piece 11 and ensure that the pressure in the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1 is evenly distributed. The fused quartz glass material provides excellent optical transparency and high-pressure resistance, and can truly observe the deformation of the test piece 11 from multiple angles. It is set as a transparent structure so that the experimenter can observe the status of the test piece 11, the incident rod 3 and the transmission rod 2 in real time. An anti-ultraviolet coating is provided on the outer surface of the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1 to reduce the influence of external light on the experiment and prevent material aging and distortion.

[0042] The transparent high-pressure air chamber 1 includes a first cavity and a second cavity, and a self-locking component is provided at the connection between the second cavity and the first cavity. A transmission rod 2 is provided at one end of the first cavity away from the second cavity, and an incident rod 3 is provided at one end of the second cavity away from the first cavity. One end of the incident rod 3 and the transmission rod 2 both extend into the first cavity and the second cavity. An injection hole 14 and an exhaust hole 15 are provided on the first cavity, and a seal 16 is provided between the exhaust hole 15 and the injection hole 14, and the seal 16 is provided on the side wall of the first cavity.

[0043] The self-locking assembly includes a limiter 4 and a slider 5 symmetrically arranged at the end of the first cavity. One end of the slider 5 is fixedly connected to the limiter 4, and the limiter 4 is used to limit the sliding range of the self-locking assembly. A through hole is provided on the other end of the slider 5, and a mechanical adjustment member 6 is provided in the through hole. One end of the mechanical adjustment member 6 extends to the outside, and the other end of the mechanical adjustment member 6 contacts the side wall of the second cavity. The mechanical adjustment member 6 is provided with a thread. The self-locking assembly is used to maintain the sealing of the air chamber during the experiment, and a mechanical locking mechanism is adopted to ensure that the air chamber will not leak due to air pressure changes or external interference during the loading process. The locking and unlocking of the air chamber is achieved by manually adjusting the mechanical adjustment member 6 to improve the operational flexibility and safety of the experiment.

[0044] A plurality of balls 7 are disposed on the first connection and the second connection where the second cavity and the slider 5 are connected, and two stop blocks 18 are symmetrically disposed at one end of the second cavity away from the first cavity. The self-locking assembly enables the incident rod 3 and the transmission rod 2 to move in only one direction under the push of the air pressure, and the balls 7 ensure that the incident rod 3 and the transmission rod 2 can roll freely when moving forward, but prevent the air pressure inside the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1 from pushing the incident rod 3 and the transmission rod 2 in the reverse direction, thereby maintaining the unidirectionality of the loading and the sealing of the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1.

[0045] When locking, the mechanical positioning part 6 is rotated, at this time, the first cavity remains unchanged, a pre-pressure is applied to one end of the incident rod 3, the incident rod 3 remains stationary, the specimen 11 is clamped and fixed by the incident rod 3 and the transmission rod 2, and the second cavity moves from left to right on the transmission rod 2 until the slider 5 and the side wall of the second cavity are in contact, and the first cavity and the second cavity are in close contact; when unlocking, the mechanical positioning part 6 is rotated in the opposite direction to unlock.

[0046] Compared with setting the first cavity and the second cavity as an integrated structure, setting a self-locking component to connect the first cavity and the second cavity can achieve rapid assembly and disassembly, which is convenient for maintenance, replacement of parts or upgrades. In an integrated structure, once a structure is damaged, the entire structure needs to be replaced, and the structure in the present application document can replace the damaged structure in a targeted manner. And by setting a self-locking component to connect the first cavity and the second cavity, it has greater flexibility, and each component can be added, removed or reconfigured as needed, so as to easily adapt to different application scenarios or future changes in demand. The integrated structure is often relatively fixed and difficult to adjust. In addition, by setting a self-locking component to set the structure of the present application document as a split structure, it is convenient for production and transportation, and modular production is more efficient.

[0047] An opening 1 is provided at one end of the first cavity, and the opening 1 is connected to a one-way flexible ring 9 through a connecting piece 8, and the first cavity is connected to the transmission rod 2 through the one-way flexible ring 9; an opening 2 is provided at one end of the second cavity, and a one-way flexible ring 2 10 is provided on the opening 2, and the second cavity is connected to the incident rod 3 through the one-way flexible ring 2 10.

[0048] The one-way flexible ring 1 9 and the one-way flexible ring 2 10 are both made of high-strength, low-friction elastic material, and are used to surround the test piece 11 and evenly apply confining pressure to ensure that the movement of the rod is not hindered. The one-way flexible ring 1 9 and the one-way flexible ring 2 10 are used for the transmission rod 2 and the incident rod 3 and the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1 to ensure that the transmission rod 2 and the incident rod 3 can move smoothly in the compression / tension direction under high-pressure environment without being affected by friction or air pressure changes at the connection.

[0049] The end of the incident rod 3 away from the transmission rod 2 is connected with a bullet 12, and a pre-pressure is applied to the outer end of the bullet 12. The end of the transmission rod 2 away from the incident rod 3 is connected to the brake block 13. A test piece 11 is arranged between the transmission rod 2 and the incident rod 3. The test piece 11 is fixed by the pre-pressure between the transmission rod 2 and the incident rod 3 and the friction between the test piece 11 and the transmission rod 2 and the incident rod 3. The loading time is very short, in the millisecond level. After the loading is completed, the test piece 11 is separated from the incident rod 3 and the transmission rod 2.

[0050] The air injection hole 14 is connected to an air pump assembly, which includes a sealed pipe connected to the air injection hole 14, a pressure regulator and a safety valve are provided on the sealed pipe, and the end of the sealed pipe not connected to the air injection hole is connected to an external air source. The air pump assembly is used to inflate the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1 and accurately control the air pressure, to ensure the pressure stability of the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1, and to avoid overpressure or pressure relief during the experiment.

[0051] An operation panel 17 is provided on the outer surface of the first cavity. The operation panel 17 is provided with a data interface, a data storage module, an automatic control module, an air pressure display module, an alarm module and an emergency stop button. The emergency stop button is provided so that the experimenter can manually adjust the air pressure or stop the experiment when necessary to ensure the safety and smooth progress of the experiment. The data storage module can automatically record and save key parameters during the experiment, such as air pressure, temperature and time, and supports exporting data to an external analysis system. During the experiment, the operation panel 17 can display the pressure conditions in the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1, and issue an alarm prompt in abnormal conditions to ensure the safety and smooth progress of the experiment.

[0052] The automatic control module can automatically adjust the output of the air pump assembly according to the preset experimental parameters, ensuring the stability of the air pressure during the experiment, improving the experimental efficiency and data consistency. The module can also be integrated with the laboratory information management system (LIMS) to realize the automatic recording and real-time analysis of experimental data.

[0053] A method for using a Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device loaded with air pressure comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step S1, prepare the equipment: check whether the air pump assembly, the self-locking assembly, the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1, the incident rod 3, the transmission rod 2, the one-way flexible ring 1 9 and the one-way flexible ring 2 10 are intact to ensure their normal operation, adjust the distance between the first cavity and the second cavity by the mechanical adjustment member 6, ensure that the first cavity and the one-way flexible ring 1 9, the second cavity and the one-way flexible ring 2 10 are aligned and firmly connected;

[0055] Step S2, placing the test piece 11: placing the test piece 11 between the incident rod 3 and the transmission rod 2, and applying pre-pressure to the outer end of the bullet 12, pressing the incident rod 3 tightly, so that the test piece 11 is clamped and fixed between the incident rod 3 and the transmission rod 2, and the test piece 11 contacts the end surfaces of the incident rod 3 and the transmission rod 2, closing the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1 and locking it, activating the self-locking component, and ensuring that the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1 is completely sealed;

[0056] Step S3, constructing the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1: filling the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1 with appropriate gas through the gas injection hole 14, gradually increasing the gas pressure to apply confining pressure to the specimen 11, at this time, the one-way flexible ring 1 9 and the one-way flexible ring 2 10 will gradually adapt to the deformation of the specimen 11 to ensure that the confining pressure is uniform and stable;

[0057] Step S4, setting the air pressure: setting the experimental parameters on the operation panel 17, inputting the air pressure value required for the experiment through the automatic control module, setting the loading time and loading rate of the air pressure, adjusting the state of the pressure sensor connected to the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1 through the connecting pipe, and the pressure sensor will monitor the air pressure inside the transparent high-pressure air chamber 1 in real time, and feed back to the automatic control module to maintain the stability of the air pressure;

[0058] Step S5, starting the self-locking component: the self-locking component is started, and the slider 5 and the ball 7 are locked in reverse under the push of air pressure;

[0059] Step S6, experiment monitoring and data collection: During the experiment, the state of the test piece 11 is observed in real time through the transmission rod 2, and the experimental parameters are adjusted and monitored in real time through the mechanical adjustment member and the operation panel 17;

[0060] Step S7, exhaust: after the experiment is completed, the gas in the transparent high-pressure gas chamber 1 is released through the exhaust hole 15, the gas pressure is gradually reduced to a safe level, and the locking state of the self-locking component is released;

[0061] Step S8, data processing and analysis: The experimental data is recorded and saved through the data storage module, and the data is exported to the external analysis system for further processing and research. The high-precision data storage and analysis function ensures the accuracy and traceability of the experimental results.

[0062] Therefore, the present invention adopts a pneumatically loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device and a method of use of the above-mentioned structure, which reduces the difficulty and complexity of conventional hydraulic-based active confining pressure devices, improves data accuracy and increases observable functions, and provides reliable technical support for the impact dynamics multi-axis loading analysis of materials.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device loaded by air pressure, characterized in that: The transparent high-pressure air chamber comprises a first cavity and a second cavity, a self-locking component is provided at the connection between the second cavity and the first cavity; a transmission rod is provided at one end of the first cavity away from the second cavity, an incident rod is provided at one end of the second cavity away from the first cavity, and one end of the incident rod and the transmission rod both extend into the first cavity and the second cavity; The self-locking assembly includes a limiter and a slider symmetrically arranged at the end of the first cavity, one end of the slider is fixedly connected to the limiter, the other end of the slider is provided with a through hole, a mechanical adjustment member is arranged in the through hole, one end of the mechanical adjustment member extends to the outside, the other end of the mechanical adjustment member contacts the side wall of the second cavity, and the mechanical adjustment member is provided with a thread; A plurality of balls are disposed on the first connection point and the second connection point where the second cavity and the slider are connected; The first cavity is provided with an air injection hole and an air exhaust hole, a sealing member is provided between the air exhaust hole and the air injection hole, and the sealing member is provided on the side wall of the first cavity; One end of the first cavity is provided with an opening 1, and the opening 1 is connected to a one-way flexible ring 1 through a connecting piece, and the first cavity is connected to the transmission rod through the one-way flexible ring 1; one end of the second cavity is provided with an opening 2, and the opening 2 is provided with a one-way flexible ring 2, and the second cavity is connected to the incident rod through the one-way flexible ring 2; The one-way flexible ring 1 and the one-way flexible ring 2 are both made of high-strength, low-friction elastic material.

2. The air pressure loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A test piece is arranged between the transmission rod and the incident rod.

3. The air pressure loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A bullet is connected to one end of the incident rod away from the transmission rod, and one end of the transmission rod away from the incident rod is connected to a brake block.

4. The air pressure loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas injection hole is connected to an air pump assembly, which includes a sealed pipe connected to the gas injection hole, a pressure regulator and a safety valve are provided on the sealed pipe, and the end of the sealed pipe not connected to the gas injection hole is connected to an external gas source.

5. The air pressure loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An operation panel is arranged on the outer surface of the first cavity, and a data interface, a data storage module, an automatic control module, an air pressure display module, an alarm module and an emergency stop button are arranged on the operation panel.

6. The air pressure loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transparent high-pressure gas chamber is made of high-pressure-resistant and impact-resistant fused quartz glass.

7. A method for using the air pressure loaded Hopkinson bar active confining pressure device of claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, preparing the equipment: checking whether the air pump assembly, the self-locking assembly, the transparent high-pressure air chamber, the incident rod, the transmission rod, the one-way flexible ring 1 and the one-way flexible ring 2 are intact to ensure their normal operation, adjusting the distance between the first cavity and the second cavity by the mechanical positioning member to ensure that the first cavity and the one-way flexible ring 1, the second cavity and the one-way flexible ring 2 are aligned and firmly connected; Step S2, placing the test piece: placing the test piece between the incident rod and the transmission rod so that the test piece contacts the end surfaces of the incident rod and the transmission rod, closing and locking the transparent high-pressure air chamber, activating the self-locking component, and ensuring that the transparent high-pressure air chamber is completely sealed; Step S3, constructing the transparent high-pressure air chamber: filling the transparent high-pressure air chamber with appropriate gas through the gas injection hole, gradually increasing the gas pressure to apply confining pressure to the specimen, at this time, the one-way flexible ring 1 and the one-way flexible ring 2 will gradually adapt to the deformation of the specimen to ensure that the confining pressure is uniform and stable; Step S4, setting air pressure: setting the experimental parameters on the operation panel, inputting the air pressure value required for the experiment through the automatic control module, setting the loading time and loading rate of the air pressure, adjusting the initial state of the pressure sensor set on the transparent high-pressure air chamber, ensuring that the connection between the pressure sensor and the automatic control module is normal, and the pressure sensor will monitor the air pressure inside the transparent high-pressure air chamber in real time, and feed back to the automatic control module to maintain the stability of the air pressure; Step S5, starting the self-locking component: the self-locking component is started, and the slider and the ball are locked in reverse direction under the push of air pressure; Step S6, experiment monitoring and data collection: During the experiment, the state of the test piece is observed in real time through the transmission rod, and the experimental parameters are adjusted and monitored in real time through the mechanical adjustment member and the operation panel; Step S7, exhaust: after the experiment is completed, the gas in the transparent high-pressure air chamber is released through the exhaust hole, the air pressure is gradually reduced to a safe level, and the locking state of the self-locking component is released; Step S8, data processing and analysis: The experimental data is recorded and saved through the data storage module, and the data is exported to an external analysis system for further processing and research.

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