Sandwich-shaped adsorber waste gas treatment device of activated carbon felt synergistic modified charcoal

Abstract

The invention discloses an activated carbon felt and modified charcoal synergistic sandwich-shaped adsorber waste gas treatment device which comprises a waste gas adsorption cavity, and a plurality of sandwich-shaped adsorbers in the waste gas adsorption cavity each comprise a modified charcoal layer, a first activated carbon felt layer and a second activated carbon felt layer, wherein the first activated carbon felt layer and the second activated carbon felt layer are located on the two sides of the modified charcoal layer; the double-layer activated carbon felt layer and the single-layer modified charcoal layer are mutually stacked, and are subjected to high-pressure treatment to form three layers of solid sandwich-shaped adsorbers with the same thickness; the activated carbon felt layer is a carbon felt activated by a solar electro-Fenton technology, and the modified biochar layer is biochar formed by co-firing platycodon grandiflorum and iron-containing sludge; according to the invention, through repeated waste gas treatment of the plurality of sandwich-shaped adsorbers, organic pollutants in organic waste gas generated in the production process of the polypropylene staple fibers are efficiently removed, the production and industry development of the polypropylene staple fibers are promoted, and meanwhile, the consumption and cost of electric energy can be saved, so that the treatment cost of the organic waste gas is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering waste gas treatment, and in particular relates to a sandwich-shaped adsorber waste gas treatment device using activated carbon felt and modified biochar. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of industrial development, environmental pollution has become a hot topic in today's world. The emission of atmospheric pollutants from various industries is the main factor causing environmental pollution. Removing these pollutants before they are discharged into the environment has become an important means of controlling air pollution. At present, according to incomplete statistics, the annual organic waste gas emitted by my country's industry in the production process is as high as 3 million tons. Organic waste gas refers to volatile organic compounds emitted in the industrial production process. Since organic waste gas can be converted into PM 2.5 , its industrial production and harmless emission issues are gradually attracting widespread attention and have become the focus of environmental research at home and abroad. For example, the organic waste gas generated in the production process of polypropylene staple fibers is mainly composed of organic compounds such as polypropylene alcohol, benzene, ethyl acetate, butanone, isopropanol, etc., which is the main cause of photochemical smog and endangers the environmental quality of the atmosphere. The organic waste gas treatment technologies in industry include activated carbon adsorption, absorption, biological method, adsorption membrane method, etc. The absorption method is a treatment technology that absorbs organic compounds in waste gas into absorbents by contacting the absorbent with organic waste gas. The main problems of this technology are that the absorbent needs to be replaced frequently and the absorbent may cause secondary pollution. The biological method is a relatively environmentally friendly treatment technology. It decomposes toxic and harmful substances in waste gas into water and carbon dioxide by using biological metabolism to achieve harmless treatment of organic waste gas. However, due to the low efficiency and narrow scope of use of the biological method, it has not been widely promoted. The adsorption membrane method has better effects than powder adsorbents, but its low adsorption capacity, non-selectivity and reusability hinder its application. The activated carbon adsorption method uses organic waste gas to fully contact with activated carbon, intercepting pollutants in the waste gas in the pores of activated carbon, and finally achieving efficient purification of organic waste gas. In actual production applications, there are two different adsorption processes, including physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. Among them, chemical adsorption is to purify organic waste gas by chemically reacting the adsorbent on the surface of activated carbon with the toxic and harmful components in the waste gas. Physical adsorption uses the static friction generated between the adsorption surface and the adsorbed molecules to purify the waste gas. The activated carbon adsorption method has the characteristics of wide application range, mature technology and low energy consumption, and has been widely used.

[0003] The adsorption material of activated carbon adsorption method is very important. Adsorption material refers to a material that can attach a substance (adsorbate) to its surface through physical adsorption or chemical adsorption process. These materials usually have a large specific surface area and a special pore structure, which can effectively adsorb gas, liquid or pollutants dissolved in liquid. In practical application, adsorption materials directly affect investment and operating costs and safety. Therefore, a large number of studies focus on the development and optimization of adsorbents. Commonly used adsorption materials for activated carbon adsorption method include activated carbon, biochar, activated carbon fiber, zeolite molecular sieve, etc. Activated carbon particles are porous adsorbents. They are non-crystalline substances formed by carbonization and activation of carbonaceous raw materials. They have weak adsorption for polar VOCs molecules; zeolite molecular sieve is a porous crystal, mainly composed of crystalline aluminum silicate metal salts, and the skeleton structure is formed by silicon oxygen tetrahedrons and aluminum oxygen tetrahedrons connected to each other by sharing oxygen atoms. It can be used for VOCs adsorption at higher temperatures and humidity. However, the raw materials of zeolite molecular sieves are relatively expensive and the manufacturing process is relatively complicated. Biochar is the product of thermal cracking of various biomass materials in an inert gas. Biochar materials are widely available and are prepared under relatively mild conditions. Compared with activated carbon, it contains more oxygen and nitrogen elements, has a richer variety of functional groups, and has higher adsorption capacity. Activated carbon fiber (carbon felt) is a new type of fibrous material. It is made of organic fiber as raw material, which is exposed to high concentrations of water vapor or carbon dioxide at high temperatures, and is formed through carbonization and activation. It has better physical properties than activated carbon, more developed microporous structure, larger specific surface area, better adsorption and desorption performance, and small adsorption resistance. It is hydrophobic, and non-polar and weakly polar molecules are easily adsorbed by it, while VOCs with higher polarity are not easily adsorbed. Therefore, in practical applications, it is often modified. Both carbon felt and biochar are cheap and easily available carbon materials with extremely high specific surface area and adsorption performance.

[0004] At present, there have been many studies on carbon felt and biochar modification, in order to realize the application of carbon felt and biochar in various fields, improve treatment efficiency and reduce costs. The electro-Fenton technology modification is to generate active free radicals with strong oxidizing properties through electrochemical reaction and introduce them into the surface of carbon felt, thereby catalyzing electrode reactions and reducing electrochemical polarization losses, which can effectively improve the adsorption performance and treatment efficiency of carbon felt. How to further improve the adsorption performance of modified carbon felt and improve the efficiency of waste gas treatment requires further improvement and design. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a waste gas treatment device using a sandwich-shaped adsorber composed of activated carbon felt and modified biochar. The sandwich-shaped adsorber is composed of activated carbon felt and modified biochar to adsorb waste gas generated in the production process of polypropylene staple fibers. The waste gas mainly contains organic pollutants such as polypropylene alcohol, benzene, ethyl acetate, butanone, isopropanol, etc. The sandwich-shaped adsorber made of activated carbon felt and modified biochar replaces traditional adsorption materials, further reducing design costs, achieving green, low-carbon, circular and efficient waste gas treatment and reducing treatment costs.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The embodiment of the present invention provides a waste gas treatment device using a sandwich-shaped adsorber of activated carbon felt and modified biochar, comprising a waste gas adsorption chamber (1), the left side of the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) being connected to an air inlet (2) of a main air duct, the right side of the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) being connected to an air outlet (3) of the main air duct, a pressure sensor (6) and a plurality of microporous adsorption boxes (4) being arranged in the waste gas adsorption chamber (1), each microporous adsorption box (4) being provided with a sandwich-shaped adsorber (5); the pressure sensor (6) being used to monitor the air pressure in the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) in real time;

[0008] The sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) comprises a modified biochar layer (5-2), a first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and a second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) located on both sides of the modified biochar layer (5-2), the first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) serving as left and right sandwiches of the modified biochar layer (5-2), the modified biochar layer (5-2) being under high pressure so that the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) forms a compact porous solid modified biochar layer, which is used to prevent the activated carbon felt and the modified biochar from being adhered and lost by the exhaust gas; the microporous adsorption box (4) serves to wrap and fix the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5), and is further used to prevent the activated carbon felt and the modified biochar from being adhered and lost by the exhaust gas;

[0009] When the sandwich-shaped adsorber waste gas treatment device is in operation, the waste gas is collected and transported by a plurality of branch ducts to the main duct air inlet (2), and then transported by the main duct air inlet (2) into the waste gas adsorption chamber (1), passes through the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5), and reaches the main duct air outlet (3). The concentration of organic pollutants in the gas at the main duct air outlet (3) is monitored to confirm the time and cycle for replacing the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5).

[0010] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) are carbon felts activated by solar electro-Fenton technology, and the modified biochar layer (5-2) is biochar produced by co-burning Platycodon grandiflorum and iron-containing sludge.

[0011] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, a cover is provided on the top of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1), and the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) can be replaced by opening the cover from above, so that the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) in the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) can be replaced regularly. When the cover on the top of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) is closed, the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) is a closed space, and the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) is regularly tested for sealing to prevent exhaust gas leakage and environmental pollution.

[0012] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the wind speed of the exhaust gas entering the main air duct inlet (2) is controlled by a valve in front of the air inlet, so that the exhaust gas flows at a speed of 80 to 120 m / s. 3 / h and enter the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) at a uniform speed; one waste gas adsorption chamber (1) can process 80 to 120 m per hour 3 When the wind speed is too fast, the ideal treatment effect of waste gas cannot be achieved. When the wind speed is too slow, the ideal waste gas treatment volume cannot be achieved.

[0013] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first activated carbon felt layer (5-1), the modified biochar layer (5-2) and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) are all 5 to 25 cm, and the length and width dimensions are 1 m×1 m.

[0014] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the material of the microporous adsorption box (4) is a fiber membrane with a diameter between 0.1 mm and 2 mm.

[0015] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the total length of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) is 7m, the distance between the main air duct inlet (2) and the first sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) is 1m, and the interval between two adjacent sandwich-shaped adsorbers (5) is 1m, the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) and the microporous adsorption box (4) are both rectangular structures, and the length and width of the rectangular structure are 1m×1m, and the diameters of the main air duct inlet (2) and the main air duct outlet (3) are 60cm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a sandwich-shaped adsorber device for treating waste gas using activated carbon felt and modified biochar, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The sandwich-shaped adsorber waste gas treatment device uses cheap and easily available carbon felt to replace traditional activated carbon and other adsorption materials, and is used in conjunction with modified biochar to achieve a better waste gas treatment effect. In addition, the design materials of the present invention are all cheap and easily available carbon materials, which further reduces the cost required to treat organic waste gas.

[0018] (2) The sandwich-shaped adsorber made of the activated carbon felt and modified biochar of the present invention can be replaced regularly, and the replaced sandwich-shaped adsorber can be recycled after ultrasonic cleaning, thereby achieving green, low-carbon, cyclic and efficient treatment of organic waste gas.

[0019] (3) The present invention provides a method of replacing traditional energy resources with green new energy, wherein the power generated by solar photovoltaic panels is used to provide all the power required for the sandwich-shaped adsorber waste gas treatment device, thereby reducing the cost of wastewater treatment and promoting the green, low-carbon and high-quality development of the new energy industry.

[0020] (4) The device for treating waste gas using a sandwich-shaped adsorber made of activated carbon felt and modified biochar is easy to operate, simple to prepare, and low in cost, thereby achieving low-cost treatment of organic waste gas generated in the production process of polypropylene staple fibers. The economic practicability of this method is further improved through repeated use research of the sandwich-shaped adsorber. The organic waste gas generated in the production process of polypropylene staple fibers is efficiently removed of organic pollutants, which promotes the production of polypropylene staple fibers and the development of the industry. At the same time, it can save electricity consumption and costs, thereby greatly reducing the cost of treating organic waste gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a waste gas treatment device using a sandwich-shaped adsorber of activated carbon felt and modified biochar provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a sandwich-shaped adsorber and a microporous adsorption box provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a sandwich-shaped adsorber provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a sandwich-shaped adsorber device for treating waste gas using activated carbon felt and modified biochar. The sandwich-shaped adsorber device for treating waste gas includes a waste gas adsorption chamber 1, the left side of the waste gas adsorption chamber 1 is connected to an air inlet 2 of a main air duct, the right side of the waste gas adsorption chamber 1 is connected to an air outlet 3 of a main air duct, a pressure sensor 6 and a plurality of microporous adsorption boxes 4 are arranged in the waste gas adsorption chamber 1, and a sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 is arranged in each microporous adsorption box 4. The pressure sensor 6 is used to monitor the air pressure in the waste gas adsorption chamber 1 in real time. The number of microporous adsorption boxes 4 in this embodiment is 3, and in other embodiments, the number of microporous adsorption boxes 4 can be set to a suitable number according to specific circumstances.

[0027] The sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 includes a modified biochar layer 5-2, a first activated carbon felt layer 5-1 and a second activated carbon felt layer 5-3 located on both sides of the modified biochar layer 5-2, the first activated carbon felt layer 5-1 and the second activated carbon felt layer 5-3 are used as left and right interlayers of the modified biochar layer 5-2, and the first activated carbon felt layer 5-1, the modified biochar layer 5-2 and the second activated carbon felt layer 5-3 form a sandwich structure, which is stacked to form a solid sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 with three layers of equal thickness. The modified biochar layer 5-2 is under high pressure so that the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 forms a compact porous solid modified biochar layer to prevent the activated carbon felt and the modified biochar from being adhered and lost by the exhaust gas; the microporous adsorption box 4 plays the role of wrapping and fixing the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5, and is further used to prevent the activated carbon felt and the modified biochar from being adhered and lost by the exhaust gas.

[0028] When the sandwich-shaped adsorber waste gas treatment device is in operation, the waste gas is collected and transported by a plurality of branch ducts to the main air duct air inlet 2, and then transported into the waste gas adsorption chamber 1 by the main air duct air inlet 1, passes through the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5, and reaches the main air duct air outlet 3. The concentration of organic pollutants in the gas at the main air duct outlet 3 is monitored to confirm the time and cycle for replacing the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the material of the microporous adsorption box 4 is a fiber membrane with a diameter between 0.1 mm and 2 mm. The first activated carbon felt layer 5-1 and the second activated carbon felt layer 5-3 are carbon felts activated by solar electric Fenton technology, and the modified biochar layer 5-2 is biochar made by co-sintering platycodon and iron-containing sludge. The thickness of the first activated carbon felt layer 5-1, the modified biochar layer 5-2, and the second activated carbon felt layer 5-3 are all 5 to 25 cm, and the length and width are 1 m×1 m. A plurality of holes 7 are formed in the first activated carbon felt layer 5-1, the modified biochar layer 5-2, and the second activated carbon felt layer 5-3.

[0030] A lid is provided on the top of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1, and the top of the lid is opened to replace the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5, so as to regularly replace the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 in the exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1. When the lid on the top of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1 is closed, the exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1 is a closed space, and the exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1 is regularly tested for sealing to prevent the exhaust gas from leaking and polluting the environment.

[0031] The exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1 has a total length of 7m, the distance between the main air duct inlet 2 and the first sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 is 1m, the interval between two adjacent sandwich-shaped adsorbers 5 is 1m, the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 and the microporous adsorption box 4 are both rectangular parallelepiped structures, and the length and width of the rectangular parallelepiped structure are 1m×1m. The diameter of the main air duct inlet 2 and the main air duct outlet 3 is 60cm.

[0032] The wind speed of the exhaust gas entering the main air duct inlet 2 is controlled by the valve in front of the inlet, so that the exhaust gas flows at a speed of 80-120m / s. 3 / h at a uniform speed into the exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1; one exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1 can process 80-120m per hour 3 When the wind speed is too fast, the ideal treatment effect of waste gas cannot be achieved. When the wind speed is too slow, the ideal waste gas treatment volume cannot be achieved.

[0033] like Figure 3As shown, the waste gas in this embodiment enters the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 from the first activated carbon felt layer 5-1 on the left, and some organic pollutants in the waste gas are adsorbed when passing through the first activated carbon felt layer 5-1. Then the waste gas enters the modified biochar layer 5-2 in the middle. The modified biochar layer 5-2 is compact and porous due to high pressure treatment. The waste gas slows down here, deeply adsorbs the organic pollutants entrained in the waste gas, passes through the modified biochar layer 5-2 and enters the second activated carbon felt layer 5-3, deeply cleans the waste gas, adsorbs the organic pollutants in the waste gas again, and enters the next sandwich-shaped adsorber 5, repeats the above adsorption process, and finally adsorbs more than 90% of the organic pollutants in the waste gas, achieving low-carbon and environmentally friendly waste gas treatment. The present invention repeatedly treats waste gas through multiple sandwich-shaped adsorbers 5, efficiently removes organic pollutants from the organic waste gas generated in the production process of polypropylene staple fibers, promotes the production of polypropylene staple fibers and the development of the industry, and saves the consumption and cost of electric energy, thereby greatly reducing the cost of organic waste gas treatment.

Claims

1. A sandwich-shaped adsorber device for treating waste gas using activated carbon felt and modified biochar. It is characterized in that The invention comprises an exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1), wherein the left side of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) is connected to an air inlet (2) of a main air duct, and the right side of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) is connected to an air outlet (3) of the main air duct. A pressure sensor (6) and a plurality of microporous adsorption boxes (4) are arranged in the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1), and each microporous adsorption box (4) is provided with a sandwich-shaped adsorber (5); the pressure sensor (6) is used to monitor the air pressure in the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) in real time; The sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) comprises a modified biochar layer (5-2), a first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and a second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) located on both sides of the modified biochar layer (5-2), the first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) serving as left and right sandwiches of the modified biochar layer (5-2), the modified biochar layer (5-2) being under high pressure so that the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) forms a compact porous solid modified biochar layer, which is used to prevent the activated carbon felt and the modified biochar from being adhered and lost by the exhaust gas; the microporous adsorption box (4) serves to wrap and fix the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5), and is further used to prevent the activated carbon felt and the modified biochar from being adhered and lost by the exhaust gas; When the sandwich-shaped adsorber waste gas treatment device is in operation, the waste gas is collected and transported by a plurality of branch ducts to the main duct air inlet (2), and then transported by the main duct air inlet (2) into the waste gas adsorption chamber (1), passes through the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5), and reaches the main duct air outlet (3). The concentration of organic pollutants in the gas at the main duct air outlet (3) is monitored to confirm the time and cycle for replacing the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5).

2. The device for treating waste gas by using a sandwich-shaped adsorber of activated carbon felt and modified biochar according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) are carbon felts activated by solar electro-Fenton technology, and the modified biochar layer (5-2) is biochar produced by co-burning Platycodon grandiflorum and iron-containing sludge.

3. The device for treating waste gas by using a sandwich-shaped adsorber of activated carbon felt and modified biochar according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A cover is provided on the top of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) so as to regularly replace the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) in the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1). When the cover on the top of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) is closed, the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) is a closed space. The exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) is regularly tested for sealing properties to prevent exhaust gas from leaking out and polluting the environment.

4. The device for treating waste gas by using a sandwich-shaped adsorber of activated carbon felt and modified biochar according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The wind speed of the exhaust gas entering the main air duct inlet (2) is controlled by a valve in front of the inlet, so that the exhaust gas flows at a speed of 80 to 120 m / s. 3 / h and enter the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) at a uniform speed; one waste gas adsorption chamber (1) can process 80 to 120 m per hour 3 When the wind speed is too fast, the ideal treatment effect of waste gas cannot be achieved. When the wind speed is too slow, the ideal waste gas treatment volume cannot be achieved.

5. The device for treating waste gas by using a sandwich adsorber of activated carbon felt and modified biochar according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The thickness of the first activated carbon felt layer (5-1), the modified biochar layer (5-2) and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) are all 5 to 25 cm, and the length and width dimensions are 1 m×1 m.

6. The device for treating waste gas by using a sandwich-shaped adsorber of activated carbon felt and modified biochar according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The material of the microporous adsorption box (4) is a fiber membrane with a diameter between 0.1 mm and 2 mm.

7. The device for treating waste gas by using a sandwich adsorber of activated carbon felt and modified biochar according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The total length of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) is 7m, the distance between the main air duct inlet (2) and the first sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) is 1m, and the distance between two adjacent sandwich-shaped adsorbers (5) is 1m. The sandwich-shaped adsorbers (5) and the microporous adsorption box (4) are both rectangular parallelepiped structures, and the length and width of the rectangular parallelepiped structure are 1m×1m. The diameters of the main air duct inlet (2) and the main air duct outlet (3) are 60cm.

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