High-speed rotational flow centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment and method

Abstract

The invention relates to high-speed rotational flow centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment and method. The high-speed rotational flow centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment comprises an ore feeding pipe, an adapter pipe, a prism box body, a prism box cover and a magnetic roller controlled by a motor, the ore feeding pipe, the adapter pipe and the prism box body are communicated from top to bottom, a circular ring partition plate is coaxially arranged in the ore feeding pipe, the side wall of the ore feeding pipe below the circular ring partition plate is communicated with an ore feeding opening, a central pipe is arranged on the circular ring partition plate and downwards extends into the prism box body, and the cross section of the prism box body is sequentially reduced from top to bottom; a prismatic box cover is arranged at the lower end of the prismatic box body, a scraping ring plate is arranged on the prismatic box cover, and a spiral scraping plate is arranged on the upper portion of the scraping ring plate; the magnetic roller rotates in the prism box body, the spiral scraping plate in the scraping ring plate is arranged on the peripheral side of the lower end of the magnetic roller in a surrounding mode, and the magnetism of the magnetic roller is gradually increased from top to bottom. The invention relates to technical equipment and a method for realizing separation of magnetic substances and non-magnetic substances as well as separation of coarse-particle non-magnetic substances and fine-particle non-magnetic substances by utilizing a composite action of magnetic force, a high-gradient magnetic field, gravity, a flow field and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of separation equipment, and in particular to high-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment and method. Background Art

[0002] Today's iron ore resources are characterized by being poor, fine and mixed. With the gradual reduction of easily separated iron ore resources, the technical requirements for iron ore separation technology and equipment are becoming increasingly higher. The separation effect of some complex and difficult-to-separate iron ore resources using conventional magnetic separation equipment is becoming less and less ideal.

[0003] The principle of conventional magnetic separation equipment is that the magnetic roller generates a magnetic field, and the magnetic mineral particles are adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic roller under the action of the magnetic field, while the non-magnetic mineral particles settle under their own gravity, thereby achieving separation. However, magnetic minerals will form magnetic agglomerates in the process of moving to the surface of the magnetic roller, and non-magnetic minerals will be entrained in the magnetic agglomerates, that is, non-magnetic minerals are wrapped by magnetic agglomerates, resulting in low separation levels and unsatisfactory separation effects. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that conventional magnetic separation equipment has unsatisfactory separation effect, the present invention provides a high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment and method, which utilizes the capture effect of the magnetic field on the magnetic minerals in the high-speed flow field, the driving effect of the magnetic minerals by the gravity of the magnetic minerals themselves and the gradient magnetic field with gradually increasing field strength of the N and S poles alternately distributed in the vertical direction, the breaking and disturbing effect of the irregular curved surface on the minerals in the high-speed flowing ore pulp flow, and the composite flow field effect formed by the uneven distribution of fluid pressure in the vertical direction and the circumferential tangential direction, thereby realizing the multi-stage separation of magnetic, non-magnetic, coarse-grained and fine-grained minerals.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: High-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment, including an upper ore pipe, a transfer pipe, a prism box body and a prism box cover, and a magnetic roller controlled by a motor; The upper ore pipe, the transfer pipe and the prismatic box are sequentially connected from top to bottom, so that the ore pulp flow can flow from top to bottom in a rotating state. A circular baffle is coaxially arranged in the upper ore pipe, and a feeding port is connected on the side wall of the upper ore pipe below the circular baffle, so that the ore pulp flow can enter the upper ore pipe. A central pipe is coaxially arranged on the circular baffle, and the central pipe penetrates the circular baffle and extends downward into the prismatic box. The cross section of the prismatic box decreases sequentially from top to bottom. The prism box cover is provided at the lower end of the prism box body, which is convenient for sealing the lower end of the prism box body. The prism box cover is provided with a scraper ring plate, which extends upward into the prism box body. The upper inner wall of the scraper ring plate is provided with a spiral scraper; The magnetic roller is rotatably arranged in the prismatic box, and is vertically arranged between the central tube and the scraper ring plate. There is a gap between the central tube and the magnetic roller to facilitate the passage of fine-grained non-magnetic materials. The spiral scraper in the scraper ring plate is arranged around the lower end of the magnetic roller to facilitate the scraping of magnetic materials adsorbed on the magnetic roller. The magnetism of the magnetic roller increases from top to bottom, which facilitates the flow of magnetic materials from top to bottom.

[0006] Furthermore, the upper mining pipe is a circular tube, and the diameter of the upper mining pipe is larger than that of the prismatic box, which gradually limits the flow space of the slurry flow. The upper mining pipe is connected to the prismatic box through the transition tube, and the transition tube is a square-circular reducer, which facilitates the connection and fixation of the upper and lower components. The cross-sections of the prismatic box and the prismatic box cover are both regular hexagons.

[0007] Furthermore, the annular partition separates the upper ore pipe into a non-magnetic material fine unloading area and a pulp cyclone acceleration area. The non-magnetic material fine unloading area is connected to a non-magnetic material fine unloading port on the side wall of the upper ore pipe corresponding to the non-magnetic material fine unloading area. The pulp cyclone acceleration area is connected to the feed port, and the feed port is tangent to the upper ore pipe. The pulp flow first enters the pulp cyclone acceleration area, and the separated fine particles of non-magnetic material enter the non-magnetic material fine unloading area upward.

[0008] Furthermore, the annular space between the central tube and the transfer tube is a transition zone, the slurry cyclone acceleration zone and the transition zone are connected up and down, the upper end of the central tube protrudes from the upper plane of the annular partition and is connected to the non-magnetic material unloading area, and the lower end of the central tube passes over the slurry cyclone acceleration zone and the transition zone and is connected to the prismatic box.

[0009] Furthermore, the central tube and the scraper ring plate are spaced apart and coaxially arranged up and down, the lower part of the scraper ring plate is a rough unloading area for magnetic materials, the sorted magnetic materials enter into the rough unloading area for magnetic materials, the rough unloading area for magnetic materials is connected with a rough unloading port for magnetic materials, the annular space between the scraper ring plate and the prismatic box cover is a rough unloading area for non-magnetic materials, the sorted coarse-grained non-magnetic minerals enter into the unloading area, the rough unloading area for non-magnetic materials is connected with a rough unloading port for non-magnetic materials.

[0010] Furthermore, the magnetic roller includes a roller, a roller shaft and a magnetic system. Roller shafts are arranged at both ends of the roller. The roller shaft located at the bottom is rotatably connected to the prismatic box cover. The roller shaft located at the top is connected to the motor through a coupling to provide driving force for the magnetic roller. The motor is a reduction motor. The magnetic system is coaxially arranged in the roller.

[0011] Furthermore, the magnetic system includes a base column and magnetic rings, a plurality of the magnetic rings are arranged outside the base column, the plurality of magnetic rings are equidistantly arranged along the axis of the base column, the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnetic rings are different, the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnetic rings are arranged alternately, and a magnetic field of an NSN alternating structure is formed between the plurality of magnetic rings, the magnetic strength of the magnetic rings increases from top to bottom, and the magnetic field strength increases from top to bottom along the axial direction of the base column, and the magnetic material also flows from top to bottom.

[0012] The high-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation method is based on the high-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment, comprising: starting a motor to drive the magnetic roller to rotate, and at the same time continuously feeding the ore pulp flow from the ore feeding port to the upper ore pipe at high pressure; The coarse particles and minerals with a larger specific gravity in the slurry flow rotate downward at high speed close to the inner wall of the upper ore pipe, and the fine particles move toward the center of the central pipe to form mineral stratification; as the cross-section of the transfer pipe and the prism box decreases, the magnetic minerals gradually move toward the magnetic roller, and the outer side of the central pipe gradually changes to a joint rotation of fine particles and magnetic minerals, and the coarse non-magnetic minerals continue to rotate downward along the inner wall of the prism box, and the coarse non-magnetic minerals are gradually separated from the fine particles and magnetic minerals; When the mineral flow rotates to the lower end of the central tube, the pressure of the slurry flow inside is released instantly, and the fine-grained non-magnetic minerals instantly change their direction of movement. Under the pressure difference, they rotate and rise along the inner wall of the central tube and enter the upper mineral tube above the annular partition. The magnetic minerals continue to roll down along the magnetic rollers, and are finally unloaded under the action of the spiral scraper and enter the lower part of the scraper ring plate; the coarse non-magnetic minerals continue to move down along the inner wall of the prismatic box and fall into the prismatic box cover, thus completing the separation of coarse non-magnetic materials, fine non-magnetic materials and magnetic materials.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention is a device and method for separating magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials, and coarse-grained non-magnetic materials from fine-grained magnetic materials, by utilizing the capture effect of a magnetic field on magnetic minerals in a high-speed flow field, the driving effect of the magnetic minerals by the gravity of the magnetic minerals themselves and the gradient magnetic field with gradually increasing field strength along the vertical direction with N and S poles alternately distributed, the breaking and disturbing effect of a polygonal curved surface on minerals in a high-speed flowing ore pulp flow, and the composite flow field effect formed by the uneven distribution of fluid pressure along the vertical direction and the circumferential tangential direction, thereby achieving the separation effect of hard-to-separate iron minerals and improving the quality of iron concentrate.

[0014] The present invention separates magnetic materials by moving the ore pulp flow in a certain device at high speed, thereby improving the processing capacity of conventional magnetic separation equipment and realizing the separation of coarse-grained non-magnetic materials and fine-grained non-magnetic materials. The magnetic system in the magnetic roller is composed of a number of magnetic rings, and the magnetic field strength of the lower magnetic ring is always higher than that of the upper magnetic ring. The greater the magnetic field strength, the greater the magnetic force exerted on the magnetic mineral. Therefore, the greater the magnetic force exerted on the magnetic mineral during the downward movement along the cylindrical magnetic system, the greater the magnetic force exerted on the magnetic mineral. Therefore, the mineral moves downward under the action of its own gravity and the differential magnetic force of adjacent magnetic rings.

[0015] After the ore pulp of the present invention is fed into the semi-enclosed box at the upper part under high pressure, a strong cyclonic effect is generated. The coarse-grained minerals approach the wall of the prismatic box under the action of centrifugal force, and the fine-grained minerals are squeezed to the center of the rotating ore pulp flow. As the ore pulp flow rotates and sinks, the area of ​​the regular polygon of the prismatic box decreases, and the ore pulp flow is subjected to a strong squeezing effect from the prismatic box wall to the inside. At the same time, the side wall of the regular polygonal prismatic box disturbs the ore pulp flow, so that the minerals are constantly turned over during the rotation process with the ore pulp flow, and the magnetic substances in the ore pulp flow continuously move toward the center of the prismatic box under the action of magnetic force; in the bottom area of ​​the central tube at the upper part of the prismatic box, the ore pulp flow with strong pressure in the center is quickly depressurized and flows upward from the gap between the magnetic roller and the central tube. The magnetic substances are quickly captured by the central magnetic field and rotate with the magnetic roller, and move downward under the action of the magnetic field gradient and its own gravity, while the non-magnetic fine-grained minerals are discharged from the upper non-magnetic fine unloading port along with the upward ore pulp flow. The slurry flow close to the inner wall of the prismatic box continues to rotate and move downward under the action of residual pressure. The continuous disturbance of the side wall of the prismatic box causes the magnetic material to continuously detach from the slurry flow and adsorb onto the central magnetic roller. Finally, the magnetic material is discharged from the bottom magnetic rough unloading port under the action of the bottom spiral scraper, and the coarse non-magnetic material is discharged from the non-magnetic rough unloading port on the outside of the bottom. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 The invention discloses a high-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation device. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the splitting.

[0018] Figure 3 The invention discloses a high-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation device. Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the mine pipe from AA upward.

[0019] Figure 4 The invention discloses a high-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation device. Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the prismatic box along the middle BB axis.

[0020] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the magnetic system arrangement of the high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the magnetic force intensity of the magnetic system of the high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the ore pulp flow entering the upper ore pipe in the high-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation method of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the ore pulp flow rotating downward and gradually stratifying in the high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation method of the present invention.

[0024] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the slurry flow colliding with the inner wall of the prism box in the high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation method of the present invention.

[0025] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the pulp flow separation state of the high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation method of the present invention.

[0026] The numbers in the accompanying drawings are: 1 upper ore pipe, 101 non-magnetic material fine unloading ore area, 102 slurry cyclone acceleration area, 2 transfer pipe, 201 transition area, 3 prismatic box body, 4 prismatic box cover, 5 magnetic roller, 6 annular partition, 7 non-magnetic material fine unloading ore opening, 8 ore feeding opening, 9 center pipe, 10 scraper ring plate, 11 spiral scraper, 12 magnetic material rough unloading ore area, 13 magnetic material rough unloading ore opening, 14 non-magnetic material rough unloading ore area, 15 non-magnetic material rough unloading ore opening, 16 rotating structure, 17 roller, 18 roller shaft, 19 magnetic system, 191 base column, 192 magnetic ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1 to Figure 6 As shown, the high-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment includes an upper ore pipe 1, a transfer pipe 2, a prism box 3, a prism box cover 4, and a magnetic roller 5 controlled by a motor. The separation equipment can be regarded as consisting of two major parts, one of which is a separation cylinder, where the upper ore pipe 1, the transfer pipe 2, the prism box 3, and the prism box cover 4 are all components of the separation cylinder, and the other part is a driving structure and a magnetic roller 5 controlled by the driving structure, where the motor is a component of the driving structure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0028] The sorting cylinder is a cylinder with an open upper end and a closed lower end, in which the upper ore pipe 1, the transfer pipe 2 and the prismatic box 3 are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The upper ore pipe 1 is a circular pipe, and a circular partition 6 is coaxially arranged inside the upper ore pipe 1. The circular partition 6 divides the upper ore pipe 1 into a non-magnetic material fine unloading area 101 and a pulp cyclone acceleration area 102. The non-magnetic material fine unloading area 101 is a circular space, and the non-magnetic material fine unloading port 7 is connected on the side wall of the upper ore pipe 1 corresponding to the non-magnetic material fine unloading area 101. The pulp cyclone acceleration area 102 is a circular ring space, and the pulp cyclone acceleration area 102 is connected to the ore feeding port 8.

[0029] A feed port 8 is provided on the side wall of the upper ore pipe 1 below the annular partition plate 6. The feed port 8 is tangent to the upper ore pipe 1, and the slurry flows into the upper ore pipe 1 from the feed port 8 along the tangent line. Figure 3 A central tube 9 is coaxially arranged on the annular partition 6, and the central tube 9 and the upper ore pipe 1 are coaxially arranged inside and outside. The central tube 9 penetrates the annular partition 6 and passes downward through the transfer tube 2 and extends into the prismatic box 3, that is, the upper end of the central tube 9 protrudes from the upper plane of the annular partition 6 and connects to the non-magnetic material fine unloading area 101, and the lower end of the central tube 9 passes over the slurry cyclone acceleration area 102 and the transfer tube 2 and connects to the prismatic box 3.

[0030] The transition tube 2 is a square-circular reducer. The function of the transition tube 2 is to connect the upper ore pipe 1 and the prismatic box 3. The diameter of the upper ore pipe 1 is larger than that of the prismatic box 3. The upper ore pipe 1 is connected to the prismatic box 3 through the transition tube 2, and the cross section of the entire separation cylinder decreases from top to bottom. The central tube 9 runs through the center of the transition tube 2. The annular space below the central tube 9 and the lower ore pipe is the slurry cyclone acceleration zone 102. The annular space between the central tube 9 and the transition tube 2 is the transition zone 201. The slurry cyclone acceleration zone 102 and the transition zone 201 are connected up and down.

[0031] The prism box 3 is a regular polygonal box structure, and the cross section of the prism box 3 is a regular hexagon. The cross section of the prism box 3 decreases from top to bottom, gradually reducing the flow space of the slurry flow. A prism box cover 4 is provided at the lower end of the prism box 3, and the cross section of the prism box cover 4 is also a regular hexagon. The function of the prism box cover 4 is to block the lower end of the prism box 3, thereby realizing the closure of the lower end of the entire sorting cylinder.

[0032] A scraper ring plate 10 is provided on the prismatic box cover 4. The scraper ring plate 10 is a circular tube structure with a certain height. The scraper ring plate 10 extends upward into the prismatic box body 3. The central tube 9 and the scraper ring plate 10 are spaced and coaxially arranged. A spiral scraper 11 is provided on the inner wall of the upper peripheral side of the scraper ring plate 10. The spiral scraper 11 occupies a large part of the space in the height direction of the scraper ring plate 10.

[0033] The lower part of the scraping ring plate 10 is the rough magnetic material discharging area 12. The rough magnetic material discharging area 12 occupies the remaining space in the height direction of the scraping ring plate 10. The rough magnetic material discharging area 12 is communicated with a rough magnetic material discharging port 13. The annular space between the scraping ring plate 10 and the prism box cover 4 is the non-magnetic material rough discharging area 14. The non-magnetic material rough discharging area 14 is communicated with a non-magnetic material rough discharging port 15. The non-magnetic material rough discharging port 15 and the rough magnetic material discharging port 13 are both arranged on the prism box cover 4 and communicate with the inside and outside of the prism box cover 4.

[0034] The magnetic roller 5 is vertically arranged inside the entire sorting cylinder. The magnetic roller 5 is rotatably arranged inside the prism box body 3 to realize the operation of the magnetic roller 5, as Figure 4 shown. When the magnetic roller 5 is installed, a rotating structure 16 is arranged at the center of the prism box cover 4. The rotating structure 16 includes a bearing seat with a "凵"-shaped cross-section, a thrust bearing horizontally arranged inside the bearing seat, and a limiting ring arranged at the upper end of the bearing seat for limiting the thrust bearing. The lower end of the magnetic roller 5 is installed inside the prism box cover 4 through the rotating structure 16.

[0035] After installation, the magnetic rollers 5 are vertically arranged between the central pipe 9 and the scraping ring plate 10. There is a gap between the central pipe 9 and the magnetic roller 5 to provide enough space to ensure the movement space of minerals and pulp flow. The spiral scraper 11 inside the scraping ring plate 10 surrounds the periphery of the lower end of the magnetic roller 5. The magnetism of the magnetic roller 5 increases sequentially from top to bottom.

[0036] The magnetic roller 5 includes a roller barrel 17, a roller shaft 18, and a magnetic system 19. Roller shafts 18 are arranged at both ends of the roller barrel 17. The lower roller shaft 18 is rotatably connected to the prism box cover 4, that is, this roller shaft 18 is arranged inside the rotating structure 16. The upper roller shaft 18 is connected to a motor through a coupling. The motor is a reduction motor and is not shown in the figure. A magnetic system 19 is coaxially arranged inside the roller barrel 17. The magnetic system 19 determines the magnetic force magnitude and arrangement of the magnetic roller 5.

[0037] Here, the magnetic system 19 includes a base column 191 and magnetic rings 192, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown. A number of magnetic rings 192 are arranged outside the base column 191. The number of magnetic rings 192 is arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the base column 191. The magnetic poles of the same magnetic ring 192 are the same, and the magnetic poles of adjacent two magnetic rings 192 are different. The magnetic poles of adjacent two magnetic rings 192 are arranged alternately. A magnetic field with an N-S-N up-and-down alternating structure is formed between the number of magnetic rings 192. The magnetic intensity of the magnetic rings 192 increases from top to bottom. Therefore, along the axial direction of the base column 191, the magnetic field intensity increases from top to bottom.

[0038] The principle of the present invention is as follows: the slurry flow is fed at high pressure from the middle of the prismatic box 3, and the high-speed slurry flow instantly generates a strong centrifugal force field. The coarse-grained minerals gradually move closer to the inner wall of the prismatic box 3 under the action of the centrifugal force, while the fine-grained minerals gradually move closer to the middle of the prismatic box 3 under pressure. Under the action of the strong fluid pressure, a downward rotating slurry flow is generated along the inner wall of the prismatic box 3, and the central part of the prismatic box 3 forms an upward rotating slurry flow under the strong pressure squeeze, so that the coarse-grained minerals rotate and sink along the wall of the prismatic box 3, while the fine-grained minerals rise along the inner slurry flow.

[0039] A high-speed rotating magnetic roller 5 is arranged at the center of the prismatic box 3 to capture the magnetic minerals in the high-speed moving slurry flow and rotate at high speed together with the magnetic roller 5. Since the wall of the prismatic box 3 is a non-circular regular polygonal column, when the slurry flow flows to the sharp corner of the polygon, eddy currents are generated, thereby breaking up the slurry, and the magnetic materials move toward the central magnetic roller 5 under the action of magnetic force, thereby reducing the loss of magnetic materials. The magnetic field strength of the central rotating magnetic roller 5 increases alternately from top to bottom in the vertical direction, so the magnetic minerals move from top to bottom under the action of gravity and magnetic field gradient, and finally unload the ore under the action of the scraper around the bottom magnetic roller 5.

[0040] The present invention can separate magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials while separating coarse-grained non-magnetic materials from fine-grained magnetic materials. The iron ore tailings are classified according to particle size during the sorting process, so that coarse particles can be used in a coarse manner and fine particles can be used in a fine manner, providing qualified raw materials for the refined utilization of iron ore tailings.

[0041] like Figure 7~Figure 10 As shown, the high-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation method is based on the high-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment, including: starting the motor to drive the magnetic roller 5 to rotate at high speed, the magnetic roller 5 rotates counterclockwise, and the magnetic roller 5 generates a central magnetic field in the separation cylinder. At the same time, the ore pulp flow is continuously fed into the upper ore pipe 1 from the ore feeding port 8 at high pressure. The ore pulp flow contains coarse and fine particles of magnetic and non-magnetic minerals. The separation method is to achieve the separation of coarse particles of non-magnetic matter, fine particles of non-magnetic matter, and magnetic matter, and the magnetic matter includes coarse particles of magnetic matter and fine particles of magnetic matter.

[0042] The rotation direction of the slurry flow in the separation drum is the same as that of the magnetic roller 5, both of which move counterclockwise. Figure 7As shown in the figure, arrow A indicates the movement direction of the magnetic roller 5, and arrow B indicates the movement direction of the slurry flow. After the slurry flow enters the slurry cyclone acceleration zone 102 in the upper ore pipe 1, the coarse particles and minerals with a larger specific gravity in the slurry flow move rapidly to the inner wall of the upper ore pipe 1 under the action of inertia, and rotate downward at a high speed close to the inner wall of the upper ore pipe 1. That is, when the high-speed slurry flow enters the circular upper ore pipe 1 from the linear feed port 8, the slurry flow rotates at a high speed instantaneously, and the side wall of the upper ore pipe 1 instantly generates a strong centrifugal force field for the slurry flow. The coarse particles and minerals with a larger specific gravity are subjected to the centrifugal force generated by the squeezing of the side wall of the upper ore pipe 1, and rotate downward at a high speed along the inner side of the upper ore pipe 1 with the slurry flow.

[0043] In the process of coarse particles and minerals with larger specific gravity moving along the inner wall of the upper ore pipe 1, fine particles of minerals have smaller inertia and are more likely to change their state of motion due to strong extrusion when the coarse particles move toward the inner wall of the upper ore pipe 1. Then, the fine particles of minerals move toward the center of the central pipe 9, thereby forming mineral stratification. Figure 7 As shown, the black particles in the figure are magnetic and the white particles are non-magnetic. It can be seen that the purpose of the upper ore pipe 1 is to obtain a stable high-speed rotating slurry flow, so as to promote the fine-grained minerals to rotate toward the center of the circle.

[0044] After the slurry flows through the upper mining pipe 1, it enters the transition zone 201 in the transfer pipe 2 downward under the action of the annular partition 6. With the continuous high-pressure supply of the slurry flow, the slurry flow rotates downward along the spiral line. As the cross-section of the transfer pipe 2 decreases, when the slurry flow moves into the transition zone 201, the movement space of the slurry flow decreases, the squeezing effect of the transfer pipe 2 on the slurry flow increases, and the flow rate of the slurry flow increases. In addition, the cross-section of the transfer pipe 2 gradually transitions from a circle to a regular polygon, which disturbs the flow of the slurry. The minerals that were originally squeezed on the inner wall of the upper mining pipe 1 and rotated downward produce a dispersion and re-squeezing effect on both sides of the sharp corners of the regular polygon.

[0045] As the outside of the prismatic box 3 gradually tightens, the slurry flow is restricted to get closer and closer to the magnetic roller 5. During the downward rotation of the mineral layers, the magnetic minerals are gradually affected by the magnetic force of the magnetic roller 5, and gradually break away from the inner wall of the prismatic box 3 and move toward the magnetic roller 5. Then, the outside of the central tube 9 gradually changes to the co-rotation of fine particles and magnetic minerals, while the coarse non-magnetic particles continue to rotate and sink along the inner wall of the prismatic box 3, and the coarse non-magnetic minerals are gradually separated from the fine particles and magnetic minerals. At this time, the coarse non-magnetic minerals are close to the inner wall of the prismatic box 3, while the fine non-magnetic minerals and the coarse and fine magnetic particles are close to the center of the prismatic box 3. Figure 8 shown.

[0046] After the flowing slurry flows into the prismatic box 3, the inner wall of the box generates continuous disturbances to it, such as Fig. 9As shown. When the mineral moves counterclockwise from point A to point C: at point A, the extrusion force on the mineral is the largest because the radial distance from point A to the center tube 9 is the smallest. When moving from point A to point B, the radial distance from the center tube 9 gradually increases, the pressure on the mineral gradually decreases, and the mineral gradually loosens from the compressed state. When the mineral moves from point B to point C, the distance from the center tube 9 becomes closer and closer, and the mineral is compressed again. In such a cycle of compression and loosening, the magnetic mineral gradually detaches from the inner wall of the prismatic box 3 and moves toward the center of the center tube 9 under the action of the magnetic force generated by the magnetic roller 5, while sinking rapidly. The coarse-grained non-magnetic material continues to rotate and sink along the inner wall of the prismatic box 3. As the side wall of the prismatic box 3 gradually shrinks from top to bottom, the fine-grained non-magnetic material is gradually squeezed out and gathered and sank toward the center of the center tube 9.

[0047] When the mineral flow rotates downward to the lower end of the central tube 9, since the central tube 9 is connected to the air, the pressure of the slurry flow on the inside is released instantly, and the fine-grained non-magnetic mineral changes its movement direction instantly. Under the pressure difference, the slurry flow rotates and rises close to the inner wall of the central tube 9, enters the upper ore pipe 1 above the annular partition 6, and enters the non-magnetic material fine unloading area 101, and is discharged from the non-magnetic material fine unloading port 7.

[0048] The magnetic minerals form magnetic aggregates, and are attracted by the strong magnetic force of the central rotating magnetic roller 5, and are adsorbed on the magnetic roller 5 by the downward inertia and gravity, and are continuously rolled down by the alternating magnetic field that continues to increase in the vertical direction. The ore is unloaded under the action of the circumferential spiral scraper 11 set at the bottom of the magnetic roller 5, and enters the magnetic rough unloading area 12 at the bottom of the scraper ring plate 10, and is discharged from the magnetic rough unloading port 13 to achieve the separation of magnetic minerals.

[0049] Under the action of the residual rotational kinetic energy of the fluid, the coarse non-magnetic particles continue to move downward along the inner wall of the prismatic box 3 to the non-magnetic rough unloading area 14, and the coarse non-magnetic particles are separated from the non-magnetic rough unloading port 15. At this point, the coarse non-magnetic particles, fine non-magnetic particles, and coarse and fine magnetic particles are separated. Fig.10 shown.

[0050] The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structures, features and principles described in the patent scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. High-speed cyclone centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment, characterized in that: It comprises an upper mining pipe (1), a transfer pipe (2), a prismatic box body (3), a prismatic box cover (4), and a magnetic roller (5) controlled by a motor; The upper ore pipe (1), the transfer pipe (2) and the prismatic box (3) are sequentially connected from top to bottom; a circular baffle (6) is coaxially arranged inside the upper ore pipe (1); a ore feeding port (8) is connected to the side wall of the upper ore pipe (1) below the circular baffle (6); a central pipe (9) is coaxially arranged on the circular baffle (6); the central pipe (9) penetrates the circular baffle (6) and extends downward into the prismatic box (3); and the cross section of the prismatic box (3) decreases sequentially from top to bottom; The prism box cover (4) is arranged at the lower end of the prism box body (3), a scraper ring plate (10) is arranged on the prism box cover (4), the scraper ring plate (10) extends upward into the prism box body (3), and a spiral scraper (11) is arranged on the upper inner wall of the scraper ring plate (10); The magnetic roller (5) is rotatably arranged in the prismatic box (3), the magnetic roller (5) is vertically arranged between the central tube (9) and the scraper ring plate (10), there is a gap between the central tube (9) and the magnetic roller (5), the spiral scraper (11) in the scraper ring plate (10) is arranged around the lower end of the magnetic roller (5), and the magnetic properties of the magnetic roller (5) increase from top to bottom.

2. The high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper mining pipe (1) is a circular pipe, the diameter of which is larger than that of the prismatic box (3), the upper mining pipe (1) is connected to the prismatic box (3) via the transition pipe (2), the transition pipe (2) is a square-circular reducer, and the cross-sections of the prismatic box (3) and the prismatic box cover (4) are both regular hexagonal.

3. The high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular partition plate (6) separates the upper ore pipe (1) into a non-magnetic material fine unloading area (101) and a slurry cyclone acceleration area (102) at the top and bottom. The side wall of the upper ore pipe (1) corresponding to the non-magnetic material fine unloading area (101) is connected to a non-magnetic material fine unloading port (7). The slurry cyclone acceleration area (102) is connected to the ore feeding port (8), and the ore feeding port (8) is tangent to the upper ore pipe (1).

4. The high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular space between the central tube (9) and the transfer tube (2) is a transition zone (201); the slurry cyclone acceleration zone (102) and the transition zone (201) are connected vertically; the upper end of the central tube (9) protrudes from the upper plane of the annular partition plate (6) and is connected to the non-magnetic material fine unloading zone (101); the lower end of the central tube (9) passes over the slurry cyclone acceleration zone (102) and the transition zone (201) and is connected to the prismatic box (3).

5. The high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central tube (9) and the scraper ring plate (10) are spaced apart and coaxially arranged in an upper and lower manner; the lower portion of the scraper ring plate (10) is a magnetic material rough unloading area (12); the magnetic material rough unloading area (12) is connected to a magnetic material rough unloading opening (13); the annular space between the scraper ring plate (10) and the prismatic box cover (4) is a non-magnetic material rough unloading area (14); the non-magnetic material rough unloading area (14) is connected to a non-magnetic material rough unloading opening (15).

6. The high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic roller (5) comprises a roller (17), a roller shaft (18) and a magnetic system (19), wherein roller shafts (18) are arranged at both ends of the roller (17), the roller shaft (18) located at the bottom is rotatably connected to the prism box cover (4), and the roller shaft (18) located at the top is connected to the motor via a coupling, and the motor is a reduction motor. The magnetic system (19) is coaxially arranged in the roller (17).

7. The high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The magnetic system (19) comprises a base column (191) and a magnetic ring (192); a plurality of magnetic rings (192) are arranged outside the base column (191); the plurality of magnetic rings (192) are arranged equidistantly along the axis of the base column (191); the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnetic rings (192) are different; the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnetic rings (192) are arranged alternately; a magnetic field of an NSN upper and lower alternating structure is formed between the plurality of magnetic rings (192); the magnetic strength of the magnetic rings (192) increases from top to bottom; and the magnetic field strength increases from top to bottom along the axial direction of the base column (191).

8. A high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation method, characterized in that: The high-speed cyclonic centrifugal gradient magnetic gravity separation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises: a starting motor drives the magnetic roller (5) to rotate, and at the same time, a slurry flow is continuously fed into the upper ore pipe (1) from the ore feeding port (8) at a high pressure; The coarse particles and minerals with a larger specific gravity in the slurry flow rotate downward at a high speed close to the inner wall of the upper ore pipe (1), and the fine particles of the minerals move toward the center of the central pipe (9), forming mineral stratification; as the cross-sections of the transfer pipe (2) and the prism box (3) decrease, the magnetic minerals gradually move toward the magnetic roller (5), and the outer side of the central pipe (9) gradually changes to a co-rotating motion of the fine particles and the magnetic minerals, and the coarse particles of the non-magnetic minerals continue to rotate downward along the inner wall of the prism box (3), and the coarse particles of the non-magnetic minerals are gradually separated from the fine particles and the magnetic minerals; When the mineral flow rotates to the lower end of the central tube (9), the pressure of the slurry flow on the inner side is instantly released, and the fine-grained non-magnetic mineral instantly changes its direction of movement. Under the pressure difference, it rotates and rises along the inner wall of the central tube (9) and enters the upper mineral tube (1) above the annular partition (6); The magnetic minerals continue to roll down along the magnetic roller (5) and are finally unloaded under the action of the spiral scraper (11) and enter the lower part of the scraper ring plate (10); the coarse non-magnetic minerals continue to move down along the inner wall of the prismatic box (3) and fall into the prismatic box cover (4), thereby completing the separation of the coarse non-magnetic materials, fine non-magnetic materials and magnetic materials.

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