Water cooling mold for vacuum melting

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of die casting, and particularly discloses a water-cooling die for vacuum melting, which comprises a die main body and a base module, the mold body comprises an outer barrel and an inner barrel, the inner barrel is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the outer barrel, the outer circumferential wall of the inner barrel is in interference fit with the inner circumferential wall of the outer barrel, a first water outlet and a first water inlet are formed in the side wall of the outer barrel, a first flow channel is spirally arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the inner barrel, and a second flow channel is formed in the outer circumferential wall of the inner barrel. The first water outlet and the first water inlet are respectively communicated with the first flow channel; the base module comprises a base body, a circuitous second flow channel is arranged in the base body, a second water inlet and a second water outlet which are communicated with the second flow channel are formed in the peripheral wall of the base body, and the second water outlet is communicated with the first water inlet. According to the method, the solidification rate of the casting can be effectively increased, the casting structure is more compact, the crystallization and solidification time of the casting can be effectively shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of die casting, in particular to a water-cooled die for vacuum melting. Background Art

[0002] At present, casting is one of the main processes for forming mechanical parts that humans have mastered relatively early. It refers to a processing method in which solid metal is melted into liquid and then poured into a mold of a specific shape to wait for it to solidify and form. In actual industrial production, the temperature distribution of the metal mold will directly affect the temperature field of the casting, thereby affecting the solidification and cooling process of the casting, and is a key factor in the quality of casting molding.

[0003] During the vacuum melting and casting process, when the molten metal is poured into the mold, due to the distribution of the temperature field, the temperature in the center of the mold is the highest, and the temperature near the edge of the mold is low, forming a temperature difference. As a result, during the solidification process of the molten metal, the edge of the mold solidifies faster, and the center solidifies slower, which makes it easy to shrink in the center of the mold, resulting in low effective utilization of castings and increased costs.

[0004] In addition, if the alloy is melted and cast, when the components in the molten metal do not react fully and the density difference is large, the slow cooling rate after casting can easily cause component segregation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to solve the problems of low solidification rate and effective utilization rate in the existing vacuum melting and casting process.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a water-cooled mold for vacuum melting, comprising:

[0007] A mold body, the mold body comprising an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is coaxially arranged inside the outer cylinder, and the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is interference connected with the inner peripheral wall of the outer cylinder, the side wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a first water outlet and a first water inlet, the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a first flow channel arranged in a spiral, and the first water outlet and the first water inlet are respectively communicated with the first flow channel; and

[0008] The base module comprises a base body, in which a second flow channel arranged in a circuitous manner is provided, and an outer peripheral wall of the base body is provided with a second water inlet and a second water outlet connected with the second flow channel, and the second water outlet is connected with the first water inlet.

[0009] Further preferably, the mold body further comprises an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are respectively welded to the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.

[0010] Further preferably, the middle parts of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are provided with through holes, the inner cylinder body is provided with a cavity passing through along its axis, the diameter of the through hole is equal to the diameter of the cavity, and the outer diameters of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are equal to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder body.

[0011] Further preferably, the first flow channel has a starting point and an end point, the end point of the first flow channel is close to the top of the inner cylinder, the starting point of the first flow channel is close to the bottom of the inner cylinder, the first water inlet is connected to the starting point of the first flow channel, and the first water outlet is connected to the end point of the first flow channel.

[0012] Further preferably, the distance between the end point of the first flow channel and the plane where the upper end of the inner cylinder is located is L1, and L1 satisfies: 10mm≤L1≤20mm.

[0013] Further preferably, the base module further comprises a sealing cover, wherein the sealing cover is connected to the base body via connecting bolts, and the sealing cover is used to seal the second flow channel.

[0014] Further preferably, a sealing ring is provided between the sealing cover and the base body, so that the second flow channel forms a closed flow channel.

[0015] Further preferably, the second flow channel has a starting point and an end point, the starting point of the second flow channel is provided with a water inlet hole, the water inlet hole is connected to the second water inlet, and the end point of the second flow channel is provided with a water outlet hole, the water outlet hole is connected to the second water outlet.

[0016] Further preferably, the first water outlet and the first water inlet are placed on the same vertical line.

[0017] Further preferably, the mold body and the base module are both made of stainless steel.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the vacuum melting water-cooling mold provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention includes two parts: a mold body and a base module. By connecting the second water outlet with the first water inlet, the first flow channel arranged in a spiral manner in the mold body and the second flow channel arranged in a circuitous manner in the base module are connected to extend the heat exchange path; when in use, the mold body and the base module are installed in a vacuum induction furnace, and the cooling medium is passed into the second water inlet through a connecting pipe. The cooling medium flows in the second flow channel to take away part of the heat of the mold and the casting, and then is introduced into the first flow channel through the second water outlet and the first water inlet. The cooling medium flows from bottom to top in the first flow channel to take away excess heat of the mold and the casting, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the mold temperature and the solidification rate of the casting. The present invention not only has a fast cooling speed, can effectively improve the solidification rate of the casting, make the casting structure more compact and the performance more excellent, but also can effectively shorten the crystallization solidification time of the casting and improve production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a water-cooled mold for vacuum melting according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the outer cylinder of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a front view of the outer cylinder of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of section AA.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inner cylinder of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a front view of the inner cylinder of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the base of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure:

[0028] 10. Mold body; 11. Outer cylinder; 12. Upper cover plate; 13. Lower cover plate; 14. First water outlet; 15. First water inlet; 16. Inner cylinder; 17. First flow channel;

[0029] 20. Base module; 21. Base body; 22. Sealing cover; 23. Second flow channel; 24. Water inlet; 25. Water outlet; 26. Second water inlet; 27. Second water outlet; 28. Connecting bolts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like used in the present invention to indicate the orientation or position relationship is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0032] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0035] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0036] Example

[0037] like Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a water-cooled mold for vacuum melting, including a mold body 10 and a base module 20. The mold body 10 and the base module 20 can be an integral structure or a separate structure.

[0038] In some embodiments, in order to facilitate the use and installation of matching molds and castings, the mold body 10 and the base module 20 of this embodiment are preferably cylindrical structures. In other embodiments, the mold body 10 and the base module 20 can also be rectangular structures. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and replacements can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and replacements should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the mold body 10 includes an outer cylinder 11 and an inner cylinder 16, the inner cylinder 16 is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the outer cylinder 11, the side wall of the outer cylinder 11 is provided with a first water outlet 14 and a first water inlet 15, the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 16 is provided with a first flow channel 17 arranged in a spiral, the first water outlet 14 and the first water inlet 15 are respectively connected to the first flow channel 17; specifically, the first flow channel 17 has a starting point and an end point, the end point of the first flow channel 17 is close to the top of the inner cylinder 16, the starting point of the first flow channel 17 is close to the bottom of the inner cylinder 16, the first water inlet 15 is connected to the starting point of the first flow channel 17, and the first water outlet 14 is connected to the end point of the first flow channel 17; in this way, the cooling medium flows from bottom to top in the first flow channel 17 to take away excess heat from the mold and the casting, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the mold temperature and the solidification rate of the casting.

[0040] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the inner cylinder 16 is interference-connected with the inner wall of the outer cylinder 11, such as by utilizing the thermal expansion and contraction of an object to achieve the interference connection, thereby effectively avoiding liquid seepage due to the presence of a gap between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 11 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 16, thereby ensuring that the cooling medium is always spirally transported along the first flow channel 17, further achieving the purpose of controlling the mold temperature and the solidification rate of the casting.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first water outlet 14 and the first water inlet 15 are placed on the same vertical line to facilitate installation and connection of pipelines during operation.

[0042] In some embodiments, the mold body 10 further includes an upper cover plate 12 and a lower cover plate 13, which are respectively welded to the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 16. By welding the upper cover plate 12 and the lower cover plate 13, the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 16 can be connected to form a closed structure to avoid leakage. Specifically, the middle parts of the upper cover plate 12 and the lower cover plate 13 are provided with through holes, and the inner cylinder 16 is provided with a cavity passing through along its axis. The diameter of the through hole is equal to the diameter of the cavity, and the outer diameter of the upper cover plate 12 and the lower cover plate 13 is equal to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 11. In this way, the processing and assembly of the various parts of the mold body 10 are simpler and more convenient, and the aesthetics of the mold body 10 can be improved.

[0043] In some embodiments, the distance between the end point of the first flow channel 17 and the plane where the upper end of the inner cylinder 16 is located is L1, and L1 satisfies: 10mm≤L1≤20mm, so as to prevent the welding joints between the upper cover plate 12 and the outer cylinder 11 or the upper cover plate 12 and the inner cylinder 16 from contacting with the coolant and causing leakage.

[0044] Similarly, the distance between the starting point of the first flow channel 17 and the plane where the lower end of the inner cylinder 16 is located is also maintained between 10-20 mm, in order to prevent the welding joints between the lower cover plate 13 and the outer cylinder 11 or the inner cylinder 16 from contacting with the coolant and causing leakage.

[0045] In some embodiments, the pitch of the first flow channel 17 is L2, and L2 satisfies: 15mm≤L2≤30mm. In this way, limiting the pitch of the first flow channel 17 can ensure that the cooling medium is in full contact with the outer cylinder 11 and the inner cylinder 16, thereby improving the cooling efficiency and avoiding overflow of adjacent flow channels in the axial direction and affecting the cooling effect.

[0046] In some embodiments, the base module 20 includes a base body 21, in which a second flow channel 23 arranged in a circuitous manner is provided, and the outer peripheral wall of the base body 21 is provided with a second water inlet 26 and a second water outlet 27 connected to the second flow channel 23, and the second water outlet 27 is connected to the first water inlet 15. The cooling medium enters the second flow channel 23 through the second water inlet 26, and the cooling medium flows in the second flow channel 23 to take away part of the heat of the mold and the casting, and then is introduced into the first flow channel 17 through the second water outlet 27 and the first water inlet 15. The cooling medium flows from bottom to top in the first flow channel 17 to take away excess heat from the mold and the casting, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the mold temperature and the solidification rate of the casting.

[0047] In some embodiments, the base module 20 also includes a sealing cover 22, which is connected to the base body 21 by connecting bolts 28, and the sealing cover 22 is used to seal the second flow channel 23; in a preferred embodiment, a sealing ring is provided between the sealing cover 22 and the base body 21, so that the second flow channel 23 forms a closed flow channel, and the sealing ring can prevent leakage and seepage.

[0048] In some embodiments, the second flow channel 23 has a starting point and an end point. A water inlet hole 24 is provided at the starting point of the second flow channel 23, and the water inlet hole 24 is connected to the second water inlet 26. A water outlet hole 25 is provided at the end point of the second flow channel 23, and the water outlet hole 25 is connected to the second water outlet 27. The coolant is introduced into the second flow channel 23 through the water inlet hole 24, and then conducted to the first flow channel 17 through the water outlet hole 25 to realize the circulation of the cooling medium.

[0049] In some embodiments, the cooling medium of this embodiment is preferably water. Its main advantages are: first, the cooling strength of water as a cooling medium is dozens or even hundreds of times that of compressed air, which can quickly reduce the temperature of the mold; second, cooling water has a large specific heat capacity, low cost, can be recycled, and does not produce noise pollution like compressed air, achieving energy-saving and environmental protection effects.

[0050] In other embodiments, the mold body 10 and the base module 20 are preferably made of stainless steel. The purpose is to prevent the mold from rusting after water is passed through, avoid the introduction of impurities, and prevent serious rusting, and prevent safety accidents caused by water leakage during operation.

[0051] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: water is used as the cooling medium for explanation. First, a release agent (such as boron nitride release agent) is sprayed on the mold main body 10 and the base module 20, and then the mold main body 10 and the base module 20 are dried and kept warm at 150°C for 2 hours. Then, the mold main body 10 and the base module 20 are installed in a vacuum induction furnace, and the water pipes are connected. The water inlet of the cooling water is connected to the second water inlet 26 of the base module 20, and then the second water outlet 27 of the base module 20 is connected to the first water inlet 15 of the mold main body 10. Finally, the first water outlet 14 of the mold main body 10 is connected to the water outlet of the furnace to form a water cooling circuit;

[0052] Then turn on the circulating water to test whether the water-cooled mold is leaking. If there is no leakage, you can load the material for smelting preparation;

[0053] This embodiment takes copper smelting as an example, turns on water cooling, coil heating, and when the copper is melted, casting begins at 1200°C. The casting speed is fast at 4kg / s at the beginning, and slows down to 2kg / s when 1 / 3 of the material is cast. After casting, wait until the temperature drops to room temperature and then take it out (about 2 hours). It is found that after adding water cooling, the shrinkage hole of the ingot is kept within 50mm.

[0054] Comparative Example:

[0055] When casting copper metal, the mold material and size are the same, and no water cooling is added, it takes 5-6 hours to air cool to room temperature. After taking it out, it is found that the shrinkage cavity on the surface of the ingot is about 20mm, but the ingot has a secondary shrinkage cavity of about 100mm.

[0056] Compared with the comparative example, the cooling water of this embodiment flows in the second flow channel 23 to take away part of the heat of the mold and the casting, and then is introduced into the first flow channel 17 through the second water outlet 27 and the first water inlet 15. The cooling water flows from bottom to top in the first flow channel 17 to take away the excess heat of the mold and the casting, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the mold temperature and the solidification rate of the casting. The present invention not only has a fast cooling speed, but can also effectively increase the solidification rate of the casting, make the casting structure denser and the performance better, and can also effectively shorten the crystallization solidification time of the casting and improve production efficiency.

[0057] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above preferred embodiments. The embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention.

[0058] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in the embodiments may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A water-cooled mold for vacuum melting, characterized in that: include: A mold body, the mold body comprising an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is coaxially arranged inside the outer cylinder, and the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is interference connected with the inner peripheral wall of the outer cylinder, the side wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a first water outlet and a first water inlet, the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a first flow channel arranged in a spiral, and the first water outlet and the first water inlet are respectively communicated with the first flow channel; and The base module comprises a base body, in which a second flow channel arranged in a circuitous manner is provided, and an outer peripheral wall of the base body is provided with a second water inlet and a second water outlet connected with the second flow channel, and the second water outlet is connected with the first water inlet.

2. A water-cooled mold for vacuum melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold body also includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are respectively welded to the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.

3. A water-cooled mold for vacuum melting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle parts of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are both provided with through holes, the inner cylinder body is provided with a cavity passing through along its axis, the diameter of the through hole is equal to the diameter of the cavity, and the outer diameters of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are equal to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder body.

4. A water-cooled mold for vacuum melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flow channel has a starting point and an end point, the end point of the first flow channel is close to the top of the inner cylinder, the starting point of the first flow channel is close to the bottom of the inner cylinder, the first water inlet is connected to the starting point of the first flow channel, and the first water outlet is connected to the end point of the first flow channel.

5. A water-cooled mold for vacuum melting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the end point of the first flow channel and the plane where the upper end of the inner cylinder is located is L1, and L1 satisfies: 10mm≤L1≤20mm.

6. A water-cooled mold for vacuum melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base module further includes a sealing cover, which is connected to the base body via connecting bolts, and is used to seal the second flow channel.

7. A water-cooled mold for vacuum melting according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing ring is provided between the sealing cover and the base body so that the second flow channel forms a closed flow channel.

8. The water-cooled mold for vacuum melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second flow channel has a starting point and an end point. The starting point of the second flow channel is provided with a water inlet hole, which is connected to the second water inlet. The end point of the second flow channel is provided with a water outlet hole, which is connected to the second water outlet.

9. A water-cooled mold for vacuum melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first water outlet and the first water inlet are placed on the same vertical line.

10. A water-cooled mold for vacuum melting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold body and the base module are both made of stainless steel.

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