Asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight quantum cluster states

Abstract

The invention discloses an asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on an eight-quantum cluster state, and the method comprises the steps: constructing an eight-quantum-bit cluster state as a quantum channel, and distributing channel quantum bits; executing a CNOT operation on the target quantum bits of the first communication party and the second communication party; respectively entangling the temporary target states of the first communication party and the second communication party with respective channel quantum bits by using a CNOT operation; the first communication party and the second communication party execute single quantum bit measurement and disclose a measurement result through a classical channel; the third control party executes single quantum bit measurement and discloses a measurement result through a classical channel; and the first communication party and the second communication party execute unitary transformation and reconstruct the target quantum state. According to the method, the eight-quantum-cluster state is used as a quantum channel, the safety is effectively improved, quantum resource consumption is relatively low, a third party is introduced to control information transmission, CNOT operation and single-quantum-bit measurement are used for replacing a GHZ state measurement base, and higher feasibility and practicability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum communication technology, and in particular to an asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states. Background Art

[0002] At present, quantum information science has developed many branches, such as quantum key distribution, quantum secure directional communication, quantum identity authentication, quantum computing transmission and sharing, etc. In particular, in 1993, Bennett et al. proposed a new concept called quantum teleportation (QT). Within the scope of quantum teleportation, in addition to the originally distributed quantum resources, there is only a need for classical communication and local quantum operations. This enables an authorized user to transmit an unknown quantum state to a distant counterpart without directly transmitting quantum bits. Since quantum teleportation can not only transmit quantum information securely, but also distribute quantum resources remotely, quantum teleportation has attracted a large number of researchers, and various experimental and theoretical QT schemes have been proposed so far.

[0003] The cluster state is a new quantum entangled state proposed by HJ Briegel and R Raussendorf in 2001. They proved that the cluster state has some better special properties such as maximum connectivity and entanglement stubbornness when the number of quantum particles is greater than three. These special properties make the cluster state more secure as a quantum channel.

[0004] However, the various schemes for quantum teleportation of cluster states proposed in recent years not only have relatively low transmission efficiency, but also are complex to operate. For example, they use multi-qubit GHZ state measurement, which is a relatively difficult measurement method based on current technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states, aiming to improve the security and transmission efficiency of existing quantum teleportation at a relatively low cost.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states, comprising:

[0007] S1, constructing an eight-qubit cluster state as a quantum channel shared by communication participants, and each communication participant is allocated a channel qubit of the quantum channel; the communication participants include a first communication party, a second communication party and a third control party, and the first communication party and the second communication party want to bidirectionally transmit an asymmetric target quantum state;

[0008] S2, performing a CNOT operation on each of the target quantum bits held by the first communication party and the second communication party, so that the target quantum state containing multi-qubit information is condensed into a temporary target state of a single quantum bit;

[0009] S3, using a CNOT operation to entangle the temporary target states of the first communication party and the second communication party with their respective channel qubits;

[0010] S4, for the first communication party and the second communication party, respectively perform single quantum bit measurement on the entangled temporary target state and the channel quantum bit, and disclose the measurement results to the other party through the classical channel;

[0011] S5, the third controller performs single quantum bit measurement on the channel quantum bit it holds, and sends the measurement result to the first communication party and the second communication party through the classical channel;

[0012] S6. According to the measurement results published by each communication participant, the first communication party and the second communication party respectively perform corresponding unitary transformations on their own channel quantum bits that have not been measured, and reconstruct the target quantum state to be transmitted by the other party.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the eight-qubit cluster state in step S1 is:

[0014]

[0015] The specific allocation of channel quantum bits of each communication participant is:

[0016] Channel quantum bits 1, 5, 6 and 7 belong to the first communicating party and are recorded as A1, A2, A3, A4; channel quantum bits 2, 3 and 4 belong to the second communicating party and are recorded as B1, B2, B3; channel quantum bit 8 belongs to the third controlling party and is recorded as C.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the first communication party holds an arbitrary unknown two-qubit pure state Its specific form is

[0018]

[0019] The second party holds an arbitrary unknown three-qubit pure state Its specific form is

[0020]

[0021] Among them, the coefficients α, β, γ, and δ are complex numbers and satisfy |α| 2 +|β| 2 =1,|γ| 2 +|δ| 2 =1.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, step S2 is specifically as follows:

[0023] The first communication party performs a CNOT operation on the qubit pair (a1, a2) it holds, where qubit a1 is used as the control qubit and a2 is used as the target qubit; the temporary target state of the single qubit of the first communication party is obtained as

[0024] The second communication party performs CNOT operations on the qubit pairs (b1, b2) and (b1, b3) it holds, where qubit b1 is used as the control qubit and b2 and b3 are used as target qubits. The temporary target state of the single qubit of the second communication party is obtained as

[0025] After step S2 is executed, the composite state of the quantum system is composed of the temporary target states of the first communication party and the second communication party and the quantum channel state, specifically:

[0026]

[0027] As a preferred technical solution, step S3 is specifically as follows:

[0028] The first communication party performs a CNOT operation on the qubit pair (a1, A1) it holds, where qubit a1 serves as the control qubit and A1 serves as the target qubit;

[0029] The second communicating party performs a CNOT operation on the qubit pair (b1, B1) it holds, where qubit b1 serves as the control qubit and B1 serves as the target qubit.

[0030] As a preferred technical solution, the single quantum bit measurement in step S4 includes:

[0031] The first communication party performs single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement and single-qubit computational basis measurement on a1 and A1 respectively;

[0032] The second communication party performs single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement and single-qubit computational basis measurement on b1 and B1 respectively;

[0033] Among them, the single quantum bit orthogonal basis vector is: and

[0034] The single quantum bit calculation basis vectors are: |0> and |1>;

[0035] The single-qubit measurements of the first and second communicating parties cause the states of the remaining qubits B2, B3, A2, A3, A4, and C to collapse into one of the following 16 states:

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] Among them, the symbol and (k, l = 0, 1) correspond to the single-qubit computational basis measurement results applied to qubits A1 and B1 respectively; and These correspond to the single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement results applied to qubits a1 and b1 respectively.

[0039] As a preferred technical solution, when the measurement results are made public through the classical channel, the mapping rule between the single-qubit measurement results and the classical messages is

[0040]

[0041] As a preferred technical solution, in step S5, the third controller performs a single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement on the channel qubit C it holds, and the measurement causes the remaining qubits B2, B3, A2, A3, and A4 to collapse into one of the following 32 states:

[0042]

[0043] Among them, “± C ” corresponds to the single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement result applied to qubit C.

[0044] As a preferred technical solution, step S6 specifically includes:

[0045] According to the single quantum bit measurement results of the first communication party, the second communication party, and the third control party, and the collapse state of the remaining quantum bit systems B2, B3, A2, A3, and A4, the corresponding unitary transformation is selected from the unitary transformation operation set, and the first communication party and the second communication party perform recovery operations on (B2, B3) and (A2, A3, A4) respectively;

[0046] The first communication party reconstructs the second target quantum state transmitted by the second communication party The second communication party reconstructs the first target quantum state transmitted by the first communication party

[0047] As a preferred technical solution, the unitary transformation operation set is {I,σ x ,iσ y ,σz},

[0048] Where I=|0><0|+|1><1| is a unit operation, σ x =|0><1|+|1><0|, iσ y =|0><1|-|1><0|, σ z =|0><0|-|1><1| is a different Pauli operation.

[0049] The asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] Starting from secure communication, the present invention uses eight quantum cluster states instead of conventional quantum entangled states as quantum channels. Cluster states can effectively resist quantum bit loss, increase the complexity of quantum channels, and make it more difficult for eavesdroppers to intercept and crack transmitted information, thereby ensuring the security of quantum communication. Eight quantum cluster states can transmit more information at the same time. Through the three-party collaborative operation of the first communication party, the second communication party and the third control party, CNOT operation and single quantum bit measurement are used instead of multi-quantum GHZ state measurement, which simplifies the control process of quantum communication, reduces the difficulty of execution, and meets the asymmetric transmission requirements of high transmission rate, high success rate and low consumption in actual communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of an asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a quantum circuit diagram of an asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, an asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is introduced in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0055] The communication participants in this embodiment are Anne, Benson and Chris, where Anne is the first communication party, Benson is the second communication party, and Chris is the third control party. Anne and Benson are preparing to bidirectionally transmit an asymmetric target quantum state.

[0056] It should be understood that asymmetric quantum teleportation means that when quantum states are transmitted in both directions, the quantum states transmitted by both parties may be different, which means that the possibility of quantum state transmission changes and the content of the transmission becomes richer.

[0057] Specifically, Anne has an arbitrary unknown two-qubit pure state Its specific form is

[0058]

[0059] Similarly, Benson has an arbitrary unknown three-qubit pure state It can be written as

[0060]

[0061] In the formula, the amplitude parameters α, β, γ, and δ are all complex numbers and must satisfy |α| 2 +|β| 2 =1 and |γ| 2 +|δ| 2 = 1. Anne wants to transfer her two-qubit pure state |ξ> to Benson; similarly, Benson wants to send his three-qubit pure state |χ> to Anne. It should be noted that the above exchange can only be carried out with the approval of the third controlling party (i.e., Chris).

[0062] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,in, Figure 1 The specific process steps of the method of the present invention are shown. Figure 2 Various quantum operations in the process are shown, where a single solid line represents a quantum information path and a double solid line represents a classical information path. In order to enable Anne and Benson to transmit their respective quantum target states to each other under the supervision and assistance of Chris, the method provided in this embodiment specifically includes:

[0063] S1, constructing an eight-qubit cluster state as a quantum channel shared by communication participants, and each communication participant is allocated a channel qubit of the quantum channel;

[0064] In order to complete the task of asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation, it is necessary to establish a quantum channel between Anne, Benson and Chris. This embodiment uses the following eight-qubit cluster state as the quantum channel state, which can be described as:

[0065]

[0066] In order to distinguish the source of the quantum bits of the communicating party and facilitate description, the quantum bits originally held by the communicating party and to be transmitted are recorded as target quantum bits, and the quantum bits allocated to the communicating party by the quantum channel are recorded as channel quantum bits.

[0067] Among them, channel quantum bits 1, 5, 6 and 7 belong to the first communication party Anne, and are recorded as A1, A2, A3, A4; channel quantum bits 2, 3 and 4 belong to the second communication party Benson, and are recorded as B1, B2, B3; channel quantum bit 8 belongs to the third control party Chris, and is recorded as C.

[0068] It should be understood that the purpose of renumbering the allocated quantum bits is only for the convenience of description and does not affect the quantum transformation process. Equivalent to the eight-qubit cluster state |Φ> 12345678 .

[0069] The eight quantum bits in this cluster state can share information with each other through quantum entanglement, and the entanglement with the quantum bits originally held by the communicating party can transmit unknown quantum information.

[0070] S2, performing CNOT operations on the target qubits held by the first communication party Anne and the second communication party Benson, respectively, so that the target quantum state containing multi-qubit information is condensed into a temporary target state of a single qubit;

[0071] The specific form of CNOT operation is:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, s and t represent two quantum bits, s is called the control quantum bit, t is called the target quantum bit, I = |0><0| + |1><1| is a unit operation, σ x =|0><1|+|1><0| is a Pauli operation;

[0074] The purpose of step S2 is to convert Anne and Benson's original multi-qubit initial target entangled state into n-1 single-qubit deterministic states (i.e. Figure 2 In ) and a single-qubit unknown state (i.e., the temporary target state mentioned above), where n is the number of target qubits held by the communicating party. The characteristic of the single-qubit temporary target state is that it concentrates quantum information such as the amplitude parameters contained in the initial multi-qubit target state.

[0075] Specifically, the first communication party Anne performs a CNOT operation on the qubit pair (a1, a2) she holds, where qubit a1 is used as the control qubit and a2 is used as the target qubit; the temporary target state of Anne's single qubit is obtained as

[0076] The second communication party Benson performs CNOT operations on the qubit pairs (b1, b2) and (b1, b3) he holds, where qubit b1 is used as the control qubit and b2 and b3 are used as target qubits. The temporary target state of Benson's single qubit is obtained as

[0077] After Anne and Benson perform the above operations, their initial target state evolves to:

[0078]

[0079] in, and are the temporary target states of Anne and Benson respectively. At this time, the composite state of the system is composed of the temporary target states of Anne and Benson and the quantum channel state, specifically:

[0080]

[0081] S3, using CNOT operation to entangle Anne and Benson’s temporary target states with their respective channel qubits;

[0082] As a preferred implementation, step S3 specifically includes:

[0083] The first communication party Anne performs a CNOT operation on the qubit pair (a1, A1) she holds, where qubit a1 is used as the control qubit and A1 is used as the target qubit;

[0084] The second communicating party Benson performs a CNOT operation on the qubit pair (b1, B1) he holds, where qubit b1 serves as the control qubit and B1 serves as the target qubit.

[0085] Anne and Benson's two CNOT operations result in the system status Evolved into:

[0086]

[0087] S4, the first communication party Anne and the second communication party Benson perform single quantum bit measurement.

[0088] Among them, the first communication party Anne performs single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement and single-qubit computational basis measurement on a1 and A1 respectively;

[0089] The second communication party Benson performs single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement and single-qubit computational basis measurement on b1 and B1 respectively;

[0090] Among them, the single quantum bit orthogonal basis vector is: and

[0091] The single quantum bit calculation basis vectors are: |0> and |1>;

[0092] Anne and Benson's single-qubit measurements cause the states of the remaining qubits B2, B3, A2, A3, A4, and C to collapse into one of the following 16 states:

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] Among them, the symbol and (k, l = 0, 1) correspond to the single-qubit computational basis measurement results applied to qubits A1 and B1 respectively; and Corresponding to the single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement results applied to qubits a1 and b1 respectively; Satisfy the multiplication and superposition rules of mathematical symbols, specifically and

[0096] Then, Anne and Benson send their measurement results to each other through the classical channel. According to the mapping rule between the single quantum bit measurement result and the classical message determined by Anne and Benson in advance, it is converted into classical bit information and published. In this embodiment, the mapping rule is:

[0097]

[0098] S5, the third controller Chris performs single quantum bit orthogonal basis measurement on the channel quantum bit C he holds, and sends the measurement result to the first communication party Anne and the second communication party Benson.

[0099] Chris's measurement causes the remaining qubits B2, B3, A2, A3, A4 to collapse into one of the following 32 states:

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] Among them, “± C ” corresponds to the single quantum bit orthogonal basis measurement result applied to quantum bit C; other symbols and mathematical rules are the same as step S4 and will not be repeated here.

[0103] If the third controller Chris agrees and is willing to help the first communication party Anne and the second communication party Benson, he will send his measurement results to Anne and Benson simultaneously through the classical channel. The correspondence between Chris's single quantum bit orthogonal basis measurement results and classical information is the same as the mapping rule in step S4.

[0104] S6, based on the single qubit measurement results of the first communication party Anne, the second communication party Benson, and the third control party Chris, and the collapse state of the remaining qubit systems B2, B3, A2, A3, and A4 is transformed from the unitary transformation operation set {I,σ x ,iσ y ,σ z}, where I = |0><0|+|1><1| is the unit operation, σ x =|0><1|+|1><0|, iσ y =|0〉〈1|-|1〉〈0|, σ z =|0〉〈0|-|1〉〈1| is a different Pauli operation.

[0105] The first communication party Anne and the second communication party Benson perform recovery operations on (B2, B3) and (A2, A3, A4) respectively, as shown in Table 1.

[0106] Among them, AMR: Anne's measurement result; BMR: Benson's measurement result; CMR: Chris's measurement result; CS: the collapsed state of the remaining quantum bit systems B2, B3, A2, A3, and A4; ATO: Anne's recovery operation; BTO: Benson's recovery operation.

[0107] Table 1: Specific forms of recovery operations corresponding to different measurement results

[0108]

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] According to Table 1, the first communication party Anne can obtain the second target quantum state transmitted by the second communication party The second communication party Benson can obtain the first target quantum state transmitted by the first communication party Thereby exchanging their quantum states simultaneously.

[0112] In order to demonstrate the advantages of the present invention, this implementation is analyzed from the perspectives of success probability, intrinsic efficiency, and measurement method:

[0113] From Table 1 of this embodiment, it can be easily seen that there are 32 measurement results for Anne, Benson and Chris in total, and all possible measurement results are useful. Therefore, the success probability of this solution is 100%. The intrinsic efficiency is calculated by the following formula:

[0114]

[0115] where q t represents the number of quantum bits to be transmitted, q c represents the number of quantum bits in the quantum channel. t represents the number of classical bits to be exchanged in the classical channel. In this embodiment, the state used for the quantum channel is an eight-qubit cluster state |Φ>, and the transmitted state is a two-qubit entangled pure state |ξ> and a three-qubit entangled pure state |χ>, requiring five qubits of information to disclose its five single-qubit measurement results. Therefore, q t =5,q c =8 and c t = 5. Therefore, the intrinsic efficiency of our scheme is

[0116] In addition, in the scheme of this embodiment, Anne performs single-qubit measurements of the orthogonal basis and the computational basis on qubits a1 and A1, respectively, while Benson performs two similar single-qubit measurements on qubits b1 and B1. At the same time, Chris also performs a single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement on his qubit C. Therefore, a total of 5 single-qubit measurements are required. However, in some existing quantum teleportation schemes, in addition to single-qubit measurements, three-qubit GHZ state measurements or multi-qubit GHZ state measurements are indispensable. In terms of current experimental technology, the measurement of multi-qubit GHZ states is relatively difficult compared with current experimental technology. That is to say, compared with the scheme of the prior art, the scheme of the present invention is easier to implement in practical applications.

[0117] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear explanation in this article, the execution of these steps does not have a strict order restriction, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0118] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes. Various changes made by ordinary technicians in this field based on the above-mentioned concepts without creative work are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, constructing an eight-qubit cluster state as a quantum channel shared by communication participants, and each communication participant is allocated a channel qubit of the quantum channel; the communication participants include a first communication party, a second communication party and a third control party, and the first communication party and the second communication party want to bidirectionally transmit an asymmetric target quantum state; S2, performing a CNOT operation on each of the target quantum bits held by the first communication party and the second communication party, so that the target quantum state containing multi-qubit information is condensed into a temporary target state of a single quantum bit; S3, using a CNOT operation to entangle the temporary target states of the first communication party and the second communication party with their respective channel qubits; S4, for the first communication party and the second communication party, respectively perform single quantum bit measurement on the entangled temporary target state and the channel quantum bit, and disclose the measurement results to the other party through the classical channel; S5, the third controller performs single quantum bit measurement on the channel quantum bit it holds, and sends the measurement result to the first communication party and the second communication party through the classical channel; S6. According to the measurement results published by each communication participant, the first communication party and the second communication party respectively perform corresponding unitary transformations on their own channel quantum bits that have not been measured, and reconstruct the target quantum state to be transmitted by the other party.

2. The asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The eight-qubit cluster state in step S1 is: The specific allocation of channel quantum bits of each communication participant is: Channel quantum bits 1, 5, 6 and 7 belong to the first communicating party and are recorded as A1, A2, A3, A4; channel quantum bits 2, 3 and 4 belong to the second communicating party and are recorded as B1, B2, B3; channel quantum bit 8 belongs to the third controlling party and is recorded as C.

3. The asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first party holds an arbitrary unknown two-qubit pure state Its specific form is The second party holds an arbitrary unknown three-qubit pure state Its specific form is Among them, the coefficients α, β, γ, and δ are complex numbers and satisfy |α| 2 +|β| 2 =1,|γ| 2 +|δ| 2 =1.

4. The asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Step S2 is specifically as follows: The first communication party performs a CNOT operation on the qubit pair (a1, a2) it holds, where qubit a1 is used as the control qubit and a2 is used as the target qubit; the temporary target state of the single qubit of the first communication party is obtained as The second communication party performs CNOT operations on the qubit pairs (b1, b2) and (b1, b3) it holds, where qubit b1 is used as the control qubit and b2 and b3 are used as target qubits. The temporary target state of the single qubit of the second communication party is obtained as After step S2 is executed, the composite state of the quantum system is composed of the temporary target states of the first communication party and the second communication party and the quantum channel state, specifically:

5. The asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Step S3 is specifically as follows: The first communication party performs a CNOT operation on the qubit pair (a1, A1) it holds, where qubit a1 serves as the control qubit and A1 serves as the target qubit; The second communicating party performs a CNOT operation on the qubit pair (b1, B1) it holds, where qubit b1 serves as the control qubit and B1 serves as the target qubit.

6. The asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The performing of single quantum bit measurement in step S4 includes: The first communication party performs single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement and single-qubit computational basis measurement on a1 and A1 respectively; The second communication party performs single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement and single-qubit computational basis measurement on b1 and B1 respectively; Among them, the single quantum bit orthogonal basis vector is: and The single quantum bit calculation basis vectors are: |0> and |1>; The single-qubit measurements of the first and second communicating parties cause the states of the remaining qubits B2, B3, A2, A3, A4, and C to collapse into one of the following 16 states: Among them, the symbol and (k, l = 0, 1) correspond to the single-qubit computational basis measurement results applied to qubits A1 and B1 respectively; and These correspond to the single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement results applied to qubits a1 and b1 respectively.

7. The asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states according to claim 6 is characterized in that: When publishing measurement results through classical channels, the mapping rule between single-qubit measurement results and classical messages is 8. The asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step S5, the third controller performs a single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement on the channel qubit C it holds, and the measurement causes the remaining qubits B2, B3, A2, A3, and A4 to collapse into one of the following 32 states: Among them, "± C ” corresponds to the single-qubit orthogonal basis measurement result applied to qubit C.

9. The asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation method based on eight-quantum cluster states according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S6 specifically includes: According to the single quantum bit measurement results of the first communication party, the second communication party, and the third control party, and the collapse state of the remaining quantum bit systems B2, B3, A2, A3, and A4, the corresponding unitary transformation is selected from the unitary transformation operation set, and the first communication party and the second communication party perform recovery operations on (B2, B3) and (A2, A3, A4) respectively; The first communication party reconstructs the second target quantum state transmitted by the second communication party The second communication party reconstructs the first target quantum state transmitted by the first communication party 10. The asymmetric method based on seven quantum entangled states according to claim 9. A bidirectional quantum teleportation method, characterized in that: The unitary transformation operation set is {I,σ x ,iσ y ,σ z }, Where I=|0><0|+|1><1| is a unit operation, σ x =|0><1|+|1><0|, iσ y =|0><1|-|1><0|, σ z =|0><0|-|1><1| is a different Pauli operation.

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