A precision seeder and its nest-type fertilization device

Abstract

A precision seed drill and a nest-type fertilizer application device thereof, the precision seed drill comprising a nest-type fertilizer application device, the device comprising: a fertilizer discharger comprising a shell and a fertilizer amount adjustment mechanism, the shell being provided with a fertilizer inlet and a fertilizer outlet, the fertilizer amount adjustment mechanism being installed in the shell corresponding to the fertilizer inlet and the fertilizer outlet; and a fertilizing mechanism comprising a fertilizer pipe and a nest-type fertilizer application component, one end of the fertilizer pipe being connected to the fertilizer outlet, the nest-type fertilizer application component comprising a square tube, a nest-type fertilizer receiving plate, an electromagnet and an elastic reset member, the square tube being connected to the fertilizer pipe; the electromagnet being installed on the side wall of the square tube; the nest-type fertilizer receiving plate being installed on the side wall of the square tube through an elastic reset member and being arranged corresponding to the electromagnet; the electromagnet and the elastic reset member cooperating to control the nest-type fertilizer receiving plate to switch between a fertilizing position and a fertilizer storage position; in the fertilizing position, adjacent nest-type fertilizer receiving plates are separated to form an outlet to release fertilizer; in the fertilizer storage position, adjacent nest-type fertilizer receiving plates are closed to form a closed space to temporarily store fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an agricultural fertilizing device, in particular to a precision seeder and a nest-type fertilizing device capable of saving fertilizer usage. Background Art

[0002] Fertilizer plays a vital role in the growth process of crops. The rational use of fertilizer is not only an effective means to increase food production, but also one of the important measures to ensure food security. However, in current agricultural production, there are common problems such as improper fertilization methods, excessive fertilization and low fertilizer utilization rate, which lead to waste of resources, soil degradation and environmental pollution, seriously restricting the sustainable development of agricultural production and posing a threat to human health. Existing fertilization and fertilizer discharge devices generally have problems such as large fertilizer usage, uneven fertilizer application, and low fertilizer utilization rate, which not only have a negative impact on crop growth, but also aggravate the pollution of farmland soil and the environment. In order to solve these problems, the field urgently needs to develop more reasonable fertilization methods and devices to reduce the use of fertilizers and improve their utilization rate, so as to achieve sustainable development of agricultural production. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a precision seeder and a nest-type fertilization device thereof in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a nest-type fertilization device, which includes:

[0005] A fertilizer dispenser, comprising a housing and a fertilizer quantity adjustment mechanism, wherein the housing is provided with a fertilizer inlet and a fertilizer outlet, and the fertilizer quantity adjustment mechanism is installed in the housing corresponding to the fertilizer inlet and the fertilizer outlet, for realizing quantitative fertilizer supply; and

[0006] A fertilizing mechanism, comprising a fertilizer tube and a nest-ball fertilizing component, wherein one end of the fertilizer tube is connected to the fertilizer outlet, and the nest-ball fertilizing component comprises a square tube, a nest-ball fertilizer receiving plate, an electromagnet and an elastic reset member, wherein the square tube is connected to the fertilizer tube; the electromagnet is mounted on the side wall of the square tube through a magnet mounting plate; the nest-ball fertilizer receiving plate is mounted on the side wall of the square tube through the elastic reset member and is arranged corresponding to the electromagnet;

[0007] Among them, the electromagnet and the elastic reset part cooperate to control the fertilizer receiving plate to switch between the fertilization position and the fertilizer storage position, so as to realize precise fertilization at a fixed point and in a fixed quantity on demand; in the fertilization position, the adjacent fertilizer receiving plates are separated to form an outlet to release the fertilizer; in the fertilizer storage position, the adjacent fertilizer receiving plates are closed to form a closed space to temporarily store the fertilizer.

[0008] The above-mentioned nest-ball type fertilization device, wherein the fertilizer amount adjustment mechanism includes a fertilizer amount adjustment plate and a fertilizer discharge wheel, the fertilizer amount adjustment plate is arranged corresponding to the fertilizer inlet, and is used to adjust the opening of the fertilizer inlet to control the fertilizer sowing amount; the fertilizer discharge wheel is installed in the shell corresponding to the fertilizer amount adjustment plate, and transports the fertilizer in the fertilizer inlet to the fertilizer outlet by rotation.

[0009] The above-mentioned nest-type fertilizing device, wherein the shell includes a front shell and a rear shell of a fertilizer box, and the front shell and the rear shell of the fertilizer box are respectively provided with arc-shaped adjustment grooves; the fertilizer amount adjustment plate is installed in the arc-shaped adjustment groove, and the width of the fertilizer discharge wheel is adjusted by pulling and blocking to control the opening of the fertilizer inlet.

[0010] In the above-mentioned nest-type fertilization device, the fertilizer discharge wheel is a groove wheel, the groove wheel is installed on the fertilizer shaft, the fertilizer shaft support is installed on the shell and is connected to the ground wheel of the precision seeder through a chain drive, and the ground wheel drives the fertilizer shaft through the chain drive to drive the fertilizer discharge wheel to rotate.

[0011] In the above-mentioned nest-type fertilizing device, the elastic reset member is a reset spring, one end of the reset spring is fixed to the inner wall of the square tube, and the other end of the reset spring is embedded in the nest-type fertilizer receiving plate through an interference fit.

[0012] The above-mentioned nest-type fertilizing device, wherein the nest-type fertilizer receiving plate includes a guide surface, a vertical connecting surface and an inclined working surface from top to bottom, and the vertical connecting surface is arranged opposite to the electromagnet; a through groove is arranged on the square tube corresponding to the guide surface, and when in the fertilizing position, the electromagnet attracts the vertical connecting surface, the guide surface passes through the through groove and the inclined working surface opens to form the outlet; when in the fertilizer storage position, the reset spring drives the vertical connecting surface to reset and the inclined working surface to close to form the closed space.

[0013] The above-mentioned ball-shaped fertilization device, wherein the electromagnet is a cylindrical electromagnet, a circular hole is correspondingly opened on the tube wall of the square tube, and the top surface of the cylindrical electromagnet is tangent to the inner wall of the circular hole; the cylindrical electromagnet is connected to the electromagnet mounting plate through its own bottom thread; the electromagnet mounting plate is installed on the outer surface of the square tube by bolts; the axis of the reset spring is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical electromagnet and is symmetrically distributed up and down.

[0014] The above-mentioned ball-shaped fertilizing device, wherein the upper part of the fertilizer pipe is a round-mouthed pipe, and the lower part of the fertilizer pipe is a square-mouthed pipe, the round-mouthed pipe is connected to the fertilizer outlet and is fastened by a throat clamp, and the square-mouthed pipe is fixedly connected to the square pipe by an ear-shaped connection point.

[0015] The above-mentioned cluster-type fertilization device, among others, further includes an air-blowing bellows, one end of which is connected to the fan, and the other end of which is connected to the fertilizer pipe and is located above the cluster-type fertilization component.

[0016] In order to better achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a precision seeder, which includes the above-mentioned nest-type fertilization device.

[0017] The technical effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention can accurately control the release of fertilizers and realize nest-type fertilization, which solves the problems of fertilizer waste, low fertilizer utilization rate, soil and environmental pollution in the prior art fertilization. It can accurately apply fertilizers to the soil in the form of nests and balls according to the actual needs of crop growth, realizes accurate control and distribution of fertilizers, effectively reduces fertilizer waste, prevents excessive use of fertilizers, greatly improves fertilizer utilization rate, and avoids soil pollution and environmental burden caused by excessive fertilization. In addition, the rapid response mechanism of the present invention ensures that fertilizers accurately fall into the predetermined position at an appropriate time, ensures the nutrient supply of the crop root system, and promotes the uniform growth of crops; by reducing the amount of chemical fertilizers used and optimizing their distribution, it can not only ensure the healthy growth of crops, improve the yield and quality of crops, but also reduce the negative impact on the environment, meet the needs of modern agriculture for efficient and environmentally friendly fertilization technology, and provide technical support for the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0019] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but is not intended to limit the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a precision seed drill according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a nest-type fertilization device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The main view;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Side view of

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Internal structure diagram;

[0025] Figure 6 This is an internal structural diagram of a fertilization mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7A schematic diagram of a fertilizer storage position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 A top view of a fertilizer storage position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a fertilization position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 FIG. 1 is a top view of a fertilization position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Among them, the reference numerals

[0031] 1 Traction mechanism

[0032] 2-cell fertilizer application device

[0033] 21 Fertilizer Box

[0034] 22 Fertilizer dispenser

[0035] 221 fat box front shell

[0036] 222 fat box back shell

[0037] 223 fertilizer adjustment board

[0038] 224 Fertilizer Rotor

[0039] 225 Fertilizer outlet

[0040] 23 Fertilization Agency

[0041] 231 throat clamp

[0042] 232 fat pipe

[0043] 233 nest group fertilization parts

[0044] 2331 square tube

[0045] 2332 nest fertilizer receiving board

[0046] 2333 electromagnet

[0047] 2334 Magnet Mounting Plate

[0048] 2335 elastic reset piece

[0049] 234 air blowing bellows

[0050] 2341 circlip

[0051] 3. Fertilization trenching device

[0052] 4 types of boxes

[0053] 5. Seed rower

[0054] 6 Suppression device

[0055] 7 Walking device

[0056] 8. Seeding furrowing device DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The structural principle and working principle of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0058] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The structure diagram of the precision seed drill of one embodiment of the present invention. The precision seed drill of the present invention comprises a traction mechanism 1, a fertilizer furrowing device 3, a nest-type fertilizer device 2, a seed box 4, a seed discharger 5, a suppression device 6, a walking device 7 and a sowing furrowing device 8. The nest-type fertilizer device 2 is arranged corresponding to the fertilizer furrowing device 3. After a fertilizer furrow with a consistent depth is stably opened on the surface of the farmland, nest-type fertilizer is applied to solve the problems of large fertilizer amount, low fertilizer utilization rate, and excessive pollution to field soil and environment in the fertilization process in the prior art. The composition, structure, relative position relationship, connection relationship and function of other parts of the precision seed drill are all relatively mature prior art, so they will not be repeated here. Only the nest-type fertilizer device 2 of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0059] See also Figure 2-Figure 5 , Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a nest-type fertilization device 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The main view, Figure 4 for Figure 2 Side view of Figure 5 for Figure 2The internal structure diagram of the present invention. The cluster-type fertilizing device 2 includes: a fertilizer discharger 22, which is used to receive the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 21 and adjust the fertilizer delivery size according to the required fertilizer application amount, including a shell and a fertilizer amount adjustment mechanism, the shell is provided with a fertilizer inlet and a fertilizer outlet 225, the fertilizer amount adjustment mechanism is installed in the shell corresponding to the fertilizer inlet and the fertilizer outlet 225, and is used to realize quantitative fertilizer supply; and a fertilizer mechanism 23, which is used to receive the fertilizer delivered by the fertilizer discharger 22 and store and apply fertilizer according to instructions, thereby realizing cluster-type fertilization, reducing fertilizer waste, and realizing efficient fertilization. The fertilizer mechanism 23 includes a fertilizer pipe 232 and a cluster-type fertilizing component 233, one end of the fertilizer pipe 232 is connected to the fertilizer outlet 225, and is fastened with a throat clamp 231, and the cluster-type fertilizing component 233 includes a square tube 2331, a cluster fertilizer receiving plate 23 32. An electromagnet 2333 and an elastic reset member 2335, wherein the square tube 2331 is connected to the fertilizer tube 232; the electromagnet 2333 is mounted on the side wall of the square tube 2331 through a magnet mounting plate 2334; the fertilizer receiving plate 2332 is mounted on the side wall of the square tube 2331 through the elastic reset member 2335, and is arranged corresponding to the electromagnet 2333; wherein the electromagnet 2333 and the elastic reset member 2335 cooperate to control the fertilizer receiving plate 2332 to switch between a fertilizing position and a fertilizer storage position, so as to realize precise fertilization at a fixed point and in a fixed quantity as required; in the fertilizing position, adjacent fertilizer receiving plates 2332 are separated to form an outlet to release fertilizer; in the fertilizer storage position, adjacent fertilizer receiving plates 2332 are closed to form a closed space to temporarily store fertilizer.

[0060] In this embodiment, the fertilizer amount adjustment mechanism includes a fertilizer amount adjustment plate 223 and a fertilizer discharge wheel 224. The fertilizer amount adjustment plate 223 is arranged corresponding to the fertilizer inlet and is used to adjust the opening of the fertilizer inlet to control the fertilizer sowing amount; the fertilizer discharge wheel 224 is installed in the housing corresponding to the fertilizer amount adjustment plate 223, and transports the fertilizer in the fertilizer inlet to the fertilizer outlet 225 by rotation. Among them, the housing includes a left-right symmetrical fertilizer box front shell 221 and a fertilizer box rear shell 222, which are fixed by bolts after the edge mounting holes are aligned, and a rectangular fertilizer inlet is formed on the upper part. The fertilizer box front shell 221 and the fertilizer box rear shell 222 are respectively provided with arc-shaped adjustment grooves; the fertilizer amount adjustment plate 223 is installed in the arc-shaped adjustment groove, and the width of the fertilizer discharge wheel 224 is adjusted by pulling to control the opening of the fertilizer inlet. The fertilizer wheel 224 is preferably a groove wheel, and a plurality of tooth structures parallel to each other are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the groove wheel. Smooth arcs are used for transition between teeth and a certain depth is left to facilitate the carrying and transportation of fertilizers. The groove wheel is installed on the fertilizer shaft, and the fertilizer shaft support is installed on the shell and connected to the ground wheel of the precision seeder through a chain drive. The ground wheel drives the fertilizer shaft through the chain drive to drive the fertilizer wheel 224 to rotate. That is, the fertilizer amount adjustment plate 223 is inserted and fixed through the arc adjustment groove, and the insertion depth of the fertilizer amount adjustment plate 223 can be adjusted according to the required amount of fertilizer discharge. The fertilizer wheel 224 is installed in the internal cavity formed after the front shell 221 of the fertilizer box and the rear shell 222 of the fertilizer box are aligned and installed. The internal reserved space limits the movement deviation of the fertilizer wheel 224 in other directions. When working, it is driven by the chain drive shaft connected to the ground wheel of the precision seeder. When rotating, the fertilizer at the fertilizer inlet is transported to the fertilizer outlet 225, that is, Figure 5 The fertilizer is transported in the counterclockwise direction shown, and the fertilizer at the fertilizer inlet is briefly lifted and then thrown to the fertilizer outlet 225 for discharge.

[0061] This embodiment may also include an air blowing bellows 234, one end of which is connected to the fan, and the other end of which is communicated with the fertilizer pipe 232 and is located above the nest fertilizer applying component 233, and can be squeezed in through a round hole set on the pipe wall of the fertilizer pipe 232 and fixed by a retaining ring 2341. The upper part of the fertilizer pipe 232 is a round-mouthed pipe, and the lower part of the fertilizer pipe 232 is a square-mouthed pipe, the round-mouthed pipe is connected to the fertilizer outlet 225 and is constrained and fastened by a throat hoop 231, and the square-mouthed pipe is fixedly connected to the square pipe 2331 through an ear-shaped connection point.

[0062] See also Figure 6-Figure 10 , Figure 6 FIG. 2 is an internal structure diagram of a fertilization mechanism 23 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer storage position of the fertilizing mechanism 23 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8This is a top view of the fertilizer storage position of the fertilizing mechanism 23 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilization position of the fertilization mechanism 23 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10 The top view of the fertilizing mechanism 23 of one embodiment of the present invention is a fertilizing position. The elastic reset member 2335 of this embodiment is preferably a reset spring, one end of which is fixed to the inner wall of the square tube 2331 by bolts, and the other end of which is embedded in the fertilizer receiving plate 2332 by interference fit. In the fertilizer storage position, the spring is relaxed, the bottom of the fertilizer receiving plate 2332 is closed, and fertilizer cannot pass through. In the fertilizing position, the fertilizer receiving plate 2332 is attracted by the electromagnet 2333 and moves radially along the through groove on the tube wall of the square tube 2331, thereby releasing the accumulated fertilizer. Among them, the fertilizer receiving plate 2332 includes a guide surface, a vertical connecting surface and an inclined working surface from top to bottom, and the vertical connecting surface is arranged opposite to the electromagnet 2333; the guide surface is vertically connected to the vertical connecting surface, and the vertical connecting surface is parallel to the tube wall of the square tube 2331; a through groove is arranged on the tube wall of the square tube 2331 corresponding to the guide surface, and when in the fertilization position, the electromagnet 2333 attracts the vertical connecting surface, the reset spring is compressed, the guide surface passes through the through groove, and the vertical connecting surface moves along the radial outward direction of the square tube 2331, that is, close to the tube wall, along the guide surface, and drives the inclined working surface to open to form an outlet through the vertical connecting surface; when in the fertilizer storage position, the electromagnet 2333 is powered off to release the vertical connecting surface, the reset spring is reset, driving the vertical connecting surface to reset, and the vertical connecting surface drives the inclined working surface to reset and close to form a closed space, thereby realizing the temporary storage and release of fertilizer.

[0063] The electromagnet 2333 of this embodiment is preferably a cylindrical electromagnet, and a circular hole is correspondingly opened on the tube wall of the square tube 2331, and the top surface of the cylindrical electromagnet 2333 is tangent to the inner wall of the circular hole; the cylindrical electromagnet 2333 is connected and fixed to the magnet mounting plate 2334 through its own bottom threaded hole; the magnet mounting plate 2334 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the square tube 2331 by bolts; the axis of the reset spring is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical electromagnet 2333 and is symmetrically distributed up and down.

[0064] In this embodiment, after the fertilizer is discharged from the fertilizer outlet 225 of the fertilizer discharger 22, it first passes through the fertilizer pipe 232. The upper part of the fertilizer pipe 232 is circular, and the diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the fertilizer outlet 225. A straight groove is opened on the circular tube wall to facilitate the inclusion of the fertilizer outlet 225. The fertilizer pipe 232 and the fertilizer outlet 225 are fastened with a throat clamp 231. The square tube 2331 is fixed to the fertilizer pipe 232 by two round-square fertilizer pipe fixing bolts, thereby realizing the transition from round to square. Circular through holes and square through grooves are provided on the four surfaces of the square tube 2331, and four magnet mounting plates 2334 are fixed to the four outer surfaces of the square tube 2331 by electromagnet mounting plate bolts. The four cylindrical electromagnets 2333 are fixed to the magnet mounting plates 2334 through the bottom threaded holes provided by themselves and the electromagnet fixing bolts. The top surface is its working surface, which is tangent to the inner wall of the circular through hole provided on the tube wall of the square tube 2331 during installation. One end of the reset spring is fixed to the outer surface of the square tube 2331 by the spring fixing bolt, and the other end is embedded in the nest fertilizer receiving plate 2332 by interference fit. When the electromagnet 2333 is turned on and off, it contracts and relaxes, driving the nest fertilizer receiving plate 2332 to achieve radial translation. The axes of the upper and lower reset springs are perpendicular to the axes of the electromagnet 2333 and are symmetrically distributed, so as to avoid the nest fertilizer receiving plate 2332 from jamming during operation due to torque imbalance. The fertilizer receiving plate 2332 can be made of materials such as iron, cobalt, and nickel, and the inclined working surface is projected into a triangle. Four fertilizer receiving plates 2332 are installed in the square tube 2331, and when the electromagnet 2333 is not working, an approximately closed space can be formed to temporarily store the fallen fertilizer; when the electromagnet 2333 is working, the fertilizer receiving plate 2332 is attracted and moved, switching from the fertilizer storage position to the fertilization position, and finally the fertilizer can be released.

[0065] In addition, in order to prevent the phenomenon of excessive fertilizer sticking and accumulating, thereby causing fertilizer leakage, an air blowing bellows 234 can be used for auxiliary blowing. One end of the air blowing bellows 234 is connected to the fan, and the other end is inserted into a corrugation through a circular hole set on the side wall of the fertilizer pipe 232 for preliminary positioning. The radius of the circular hole is slightly smaller than the radius of the air blowing bellows 234, and then further limited by a clamping spring 2341, which is installed in a U-shaped boss groove set on the inner wall of the fertilizer pipe 232. When the electromagnet 2333 is working, auxiliary blowing is used to prevent the fertilizer from clumping and sticking, and finally achieve stable and reliable fertilization in a clumping manner.

[0066] The present invention combines quantitative fertilizer supply and fixed-point precise fertilization. First, by adjusting the depth of the fertilizer adjustment plate 223 and the start and stop time interval of the control electromagnet 2333, the fertilizer supply is controlled to meet the growth of the sown crops. Then, the fertilizer is transported to the fertilizer outlet 225 through the fertilizer discharge wheel 224. The electromagnet 2333 controls the closing and opening of the fertilizer receiving plate 2332 to temporarily store or release the fertilizer in a clumped state, so as to achieve the purpose of precise fertilization at a fixed point and in a quantitative manner on demand. The present invention can effectively reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer applied and improve the utilization rate. It solves the problems of large fertilization amount, low fertilizer utilization rate, fertilizer waste, soil and environmental pollution in the prior art, and maximizes the fertilizer utilization rate. Among them, through the cooperation of the fertilizer amount adjustment plate 223 and the fertilizer discharge wheel 224, the precise control of the fertilizer supply is achieved, ensuring that the amount of fertilizer released meets the fertilizer demand law of crop growth; the cluster fertilization method is adopted, and the cluster fertilizer receiving plate 2332 controlled by the electromagnet 2333 is used to achieve quantitative release and fixed-point fertilization of fertilizer, ensuring that the fertilizer is accurately released in the form of a cluster during each fertilization process, greatly improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer; the combination of the electromagnet 2333 and the elastic reset member 2335 enables the cluster fertilizer receiving plate 2332 to respond quickly and quickly switch between the release position and the closed position to achieve precise release of fertilizer; the on and off of the electromagnet 2333 can be intelligently controlled and adjusted according to the fertilizer supply demand and the growth cycle of the crop, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the fertilization process; the air-blowing bellows 234 is installed in the inner cavity of the fertilizer pipe 232, and the air flow and the coordination of the electromagnet 2333 are used to ensure that the cluster fertilizer can be smoothly dropped, thereby ensuring the reliability of the fertilization effect.

[0067] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A nest-type fertilization device, characterized in that: include: The fertilizer dispenser comprises a housing and a fertilizer quantity adjustment mechanism, wherein the housing is provided with a fertilizer inlet and a fertilizer outlet, and the fertilizer quantity adjustment mechanism is installed in the housing corresponding to the fertilizer inlet and the fertilizer outlet, and is used to realize quantitative fertilizer supply; as well as A fertilizing mechanism, comprising a fertilizer tube and a nest-ball fertilizing component, wherein one end of the fertilizer tube is connected to the fertilizer outlet, and the nest-ball fertilizing component comprises a square tube, a nest-ball fertilizer receiving plate, an electromagnet and an elastic reset member, wherein the square tube is connected to the fertilizer tube; the electromagnet is mounted on the side wall of the square tube through a magnet mounting plate; the nest-ball fertilizer receiving plate is mounted on the side wall of the square tube through the elastic reset member and is arranged corresponding to the electromagnet; The electromagnet and the elastic reset member cooperate to control the fertilizer receiving plate to switch between the fertilization position and the fertilizer storage position, so as to realize precise fertilization at a fixed point and in a fixed quantity as required; when in the fertilization position, the adjacent fertilizer receiving plates are separated to form an outlet to release the fertilizer; when in the fertilizer storage position, the adjacent fertilizer receiving plates are closed to form a closed space to temporarily store the fertilizer; The elastic reset member is a reset spring, one end of which is fixed to the inner wall of the square tube, and the other end of which is embedded in the fertilizer receiving plate through interference fit; The fertilizer receiving plate includes a guide surface, a vertical connecting surface and an inclined working surface from top to bottom, and the vertical connecting surface is arranged opposite to the electromagnet; a through groove is arranged on the square tube corresponding to the guide surface, and when in the fertilizing position, the electromagnet attracts the vertical connecting surface, the guide surface passes through the through groove and the inclined working surface opens to form the outlet; when in the fertilizer storage position, the reset spring drives the vertical connecting surface to reset and the inclined working surface is closed to form the closed space.

2. The nest-type fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer amount adjustment mechanism includes a fertilizer amount adjustment plate and a fertilizer discharge wheel. The fertilizer amount adjustment plate is arranged corresponding to the fertilizer inlet and is used to adjust the opening of the fertilizer inlet to control the fertilizer sowing amount; the fertilizer discharge wheel is installed in the shell corresponding to the fertilizer amount adjustment plate, and transports the fertilizer in the fertilizer inlet to the fertilizer outlet by rotating.

3. The nest-type fertilizer application device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shell comprises a front shell and a rear shell of a fertilizer box, and arc-shaped adjustment grooves are respectively arranged on the front shell and the rear shell of the fertilizer box; the fertilizer amount adjustment plate is installed in the arc-shaped adjustment groove, and the width of the fertilizer discharge wheel is adjusted by pulling and blocking to control the opening of the fertilizer inlet.

4. The nest-type fertilizer application device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fertilizer discharge wheel is a groove wheel, which is installed on a fertilizer shaft. The fertilizer shaft support is installed on the shell and is connected to the ground wheel of the precision seed drill through a chain drive. The ground wheel drives the fertilizer shaft through the chain drive to drive the fertilizer discharge wheel to rotate.

5. The nest-type fertilizer application device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnet is a cylindrical electromagnet, a circular hole is correspondingly opened on the tube wall of the square tube, and the top surface of the cylindrical electromagnet is tangent to the inner wall of the circular hole; the cylindrical electromagnet is connected to the electromagnet mounting plate through its own bottom thread; the electromagnet mounting plate is installed on the outer surface of the square tube by bolts; the axis of the reset spring is perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical electromagnet and is symmetrically distributed up and down.

6. The nest-type fertilizer application device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the fertilizer pipe is a round-mouth pipe, and the lower part of the fertilizer pipe is a square-mouth pipe. The round-mouth pipe is connected to the fertilizer outlet and is fastened by a throat clamp, and the square-mouth pipe is fixedly connected to the square pipe by an ear-shaped connection point.

7. The nest-type fertilizer application device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an air blowing bellows, one end of which is connected to the fan, and the other end of which is communicated with the fertilizer pipe and is located above the nest fertilizing component.

8. A precision seed drill, characterized in that: It comprises the cluster-type fertilizing device described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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