Spraying dust fall accurate control method for coal face dust source tracking

Abstract

The invention relates to a spray dust fall accurate control method for coal face dust source tracking, and belongs to the field of coal face spray dust fall control of coal mines. By arranging a wind speed and wind direction sensor, a laser displacement sensor and a roadway dust concentration sensor, the wind speed and wind direction of a working face, the position of a coal mining machine and the dust concentration are monitored in real time, and opening and closing of a spraying set and adjustment of spraying pressure are automatically controlled according to preset control logic; and accurate tracking and efficient dust falling of the dust source of the coal face are realized. According to the dust production characteristics of downwind coal cutting and upwind coal cutting, an accurate control strategy is adopted, and the dust falling effect is effectively improved; according to the dust concentration value fed back after spraying, the spraying pressure is intelligently adjusted, the dust falling effect is guaranteed, and meanwhile waste of water and electric energy is reduced; and when the condition of against-wind coal cutting is treated, all the spraying groups are started, so that the working face is fully covered, and the dust falling effect is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of spray dust reduction control on coal mining faces, and relates to a spray dust reduction precision control method for tracking dust sources on coal mining working faces. Background Art

[0002] The working environment of coal mines is harsh, with high dust and gas concentrations, posing a threat to workers' health and production safety. Existing dust reduction technologies mainly include the following:

[0003] Water mist is sprayed through the nozzles on the coal mining machine drum to drop dust near the coal mining machine, but the nozzles are easily clogged and difficult to replace, resulting in unstable dust reduction effects.

[0004] According to the position and movement trajectory of the coal mining machine, the spray group is dynamically adjusted to improve the dust reduction efficiency, but due to the limitations of sensor accuracy and algorithms, the degree of precise control is limited.

[0005] When cutting coal against the wind, the dust reduction effect can be improved by increasing the number of spray groups and the spray pressure, but this can easily lead to excessive wetting of the working surface, affecting safe production.

[0006] Dust can be discharged from the working surface by strengthening ventilation of the working surface, but due to the limitations of ventilation equipment and ventilation methods, the dust reduction effect is difficult to guarantee.

[0007] Although the above technologies have alleviated the dust pollution problem in coal mining working faces to a certain extent, there are still the following shortcomings:

[0008] Existing technologies mostly start spraying according to preset parameters, and cannot accurately control according to changes in mining height, wind direction, wind speed, coal mining machine running direction, dust concentration, etc., resulting in poor dust reduction effect. For example, when the mining height is high, the dust spreads more widely, and more spray groups need to be turned on to effectively reduce dust; when the wind speed is high, the dust is entrained by the wind flow, and the spray pressure needs to be increased to effectively reduce dust; when the coal mining machine runs against the wind, the dust is not easily captured by the spray, and more spray groups need to be turned on to effectively reduce dust.

[0009] When cutting coal against the wind, dust is carried by the wind, causing the working surface to be covered with dust. Existing technologies are difficult to effectively reduce dust. For example, dust source tracking spray technology is difficult to capture dust carried by the wind, and the spray technology for cutting coal against the wind can easily cause the working surface to be overly wet, affecting safe production.

[0010] The adjustment of spray pressure and spray group number requires manual intervention, which increases the burden on workers and may cause errors due to subjective factors. For example, workers need to judge the spray pressure and spray group number based on experience, which is prone to misjudgment and leads to poor dust reduction effect.

[0011] Existing technologies lack global real-time monitoring and early warning capabilities, making it difficult to achieve smart mine construction. For example, it is impossible to monitor the dust concentration at various locations on the working surface in real time, it is impossible to automatically adjust the spray pressure and number of spray groups according to changes in dust concentration, and it is impossible to promptly detect poor dust reduction effects and issue early warnings.

[0012] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a precise control method of spray dust reduction by tracking dust sources in coal mining working faces. Summary of the invention

[0013] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for precise control of dust source tracking spray dust reduction in coal mining working face. The method mainly solves the problem of precise regulation of dust source tracking spray dust reduction technology in coal mining working face with the movement of coal mining machine, changes in air supply parameters, environmental parameters, equipment status, etc., improves the efficiency of dust source tracking spray dust reduction and the safety of workers' working environment, reduces manual intervention, improves the degree of automation and realizes global real-time monitoring, improves the system's early warning capability and emergency response capability, and other technical problems, which is conducive to the development and construction of intelligent mines.

[0014] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0015] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the coal mining machine mines coal in the tunnel. There are 6 spray groups in total in the tunnel, namely, spray group 1 on the top of the hydraulic support on the downwind side, spray group 2 on the rocker arm of the coal mining machine on the upwind side, spray group 3 on the dust curtain of the coal mining machine on the pedestrian side on the upwind side, spray group 4 on the coal mining machine on the coal wall side, spray group 5 on the rocker arm of the coal mining machine on the downwind side, and spray group 6 on the top of the hydraulic support on the upwind side. These 6 spray groups are connected to the high-voltage electric ball valve signal respectively, and then connected to the main control box; the movement direction of the coal mining machine is opposite to the direction of the fresh air flow; a wind speed and direction sensor 7 is also provided on the top of the tunnel to monitor the wind speed and direction in the tunnel; a laser displacement sensor 8 is also provided in the tunnel to monitor the movement displacement of the coal mining machine; and a tunnel dust concentration sensor 9 is also provided in the tunnel to monitor the dust concentration in the tunnel. The main control box also receives signals from the wind speed and direction sensor 7, the laser displacement sensor 8, and the tunnel dust concentration sensor 9 respectively. The main control box sends control instructions to the automatic unloading valve and the spray pump start switch respectively.

[0016] This embodiment describes a method for precise control of spray dust reduction based on dust source tracking in a coal mining working face, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0017] Step 1: Use wind speed and direction sensor 7 to monitor the wind direction and size of the working face, use laser displacement sensor 8 to automatically identify the running direction of the coal mining machine (downwind, upwind), and the tunnel dust concentration sensor 9 to monitor the dust concentration at the driver's position of the comprehensive mining working face in real time.

[0018] Step 2: Set up spray groups 1#-6# at different positions, and control the opening and closing by the corresponding 1#-6# solenoid valves. An electric-controlled unloading valve is set on the connecting pipeline between the spray group and the spray pump to automatically adjust the spray pressure.

[0019] Step 3: Set up the main control system to wirelessly receive sensor data and control the operation of the electric valve and unloading valve. The main control system controls the six spray groups to act according to different working conditions based on the settings and logical operations. The specific precise control plan is as follows:

[0020] 1) When the wind speed of the working face is ≤2m / S and the mining height is ≤2m / S

[0021] Open the 1# electric valve and the 6# electric valve, and turn on the 1# and 6# spray groups; if the feedback shows that the dust concentration on the pedestrian side exceeds the standard, first increase the spray pressure. If it still exceeds the standard, turn on the 3# spray group and the main coal cutting rocker arm drum side (select 2# or 5# according to the forward direction of the coal mining machine) spray group in turn.

[0022] 2) When the wind speed of the working face is ≥3m / S and the mining height is ≥3m / S

[0023] ① When the coal cutting direction of the coal mining machine is downwind: open, 1#, 6#, 3#, 5#. When the monitored dust concentration exceeds the limit, control the opening degree of the unloading valve and increase the pressure. After 10 minutes (settable), according to the feedback of the dust concentration value, determine whether to increase the water pressure or increase the number of spray groups.

[0024] ③ When the coal mining machine is cutting coal in the direction against the wind (dust is entrained by the wind flow, causing the working face to be covered with dust): open 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, and 6#. When the monitored dust concentration exceeds the limit, control the opening degree of the unloading valve and increase the pressure. After 10 minutes (settable), determine whether to increase the water pressure or the number of spray groups based on the feedback dust concentration value.

[0025] 3) When the water pressure and the number of spray rack groups reach the maximum, if they still do not meet the standards, a remote alarm will be sent to the ground control center to remind the operator to add dust removal equipment or to perform subsequent operations according to manual instructions.

[0026] The above are the specific operating steps of this embodiment. Through this method, accurate control of dust source tracking of the coal mining working face can be achieved, and the spray pressure and the number of spray groups can be automatically adjusted according to actual conditions to achieve the best dust reduction effect.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] (1) The present invention adopts a precise control strategy based on the dust generation characteristics of coal cutting with the wind and against the wind. It uses wind speed and direction sensors and laser displacement sensors to monitor the wind direction and size of the working face and automatically identify the running direction of the coal mining machine (with the wind or against the wind). It monitors the dust concentration of the fully mechanized working face in real time, and automatically adjusts the number of spray groups that are opened simultaneously at the front and rear drums, coal wall side, pedestrian side, etc., thereby achieving precise control of spray dust reduction and effectively improving the dust reduction effect.

[0029] (2) The present invention automatically increases or decreases the spray pressure through the unloading valve according to the dust concentration value fed back after spraying through logical judgment, thereby realizing intelligent adjustment of the spray pressure and avoiding errors that may occur due to manual intervention. While ensuring the dust reduction effect, the waste of water and electric energy is reduced.

[0030] (3) When the present invention is used to deal with the situation of cutting coal against the wind, the dust is entrained by the wind flow, causing the working surface to be covered with dust. At this time, all the spray groups are turned on to surround the dust source point, thereby achieving full coverage of the working surface and effectively improving the dust reduction effect.

[0031] (4) The present invention realizes the fully automated operation of spray dust reduction, greatly reduces the workload of workers, improves work efficiency, and also reduces the errors caused by human subjective factors, thereby improving the dust reduction effect. In addition, the method of the present invention can be used not only in coal mining, but also in other places where a large amount of dust is generated, such as construction sites, factories, etc., and has broad application prospects. Finally, the method of the present invention realizes automated control, greatly reduces the workload of workers, improves work efficiency, and meets the current social demand trend for automation technology. Therefore, the present invention has broad application prospects and demands in the future market.

[0032] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a system structure diagram of the present invention.

[0036] Figure markings: 1-downwind side hydraulic support top spray group; 2-upwind side coal mining machine rocker arm spray group; 3-upwind side coal mining machine pedestrian side dust curtain spray group; 4-coal mining machine coal wall side spray group; 5-downwind side coal mining machine rocker arm spray group; 6-upwind side hydraulic support top spray group; 7-wind speed and direction sensor; 8-laser displacement sensor; 9-tunnel dust concentration sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0038] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0039] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2, the coal mining machine mines coal in the tunnel. There are 6 spray groups in total in the tunnel, namely, spray group 1 on the top of the hydraulic support on the downwind side, spray group 2 on the rocker arm of the coal mining machine on the upwind side, spray group 3 on the dust curtain of the coal mining machine on the pedestrian side on the upwind side, spray group 4 on the coal mining machine on the coal wall side, spray group 5 on the rocker arm of the coal mining machine on the downwind side, and spray group 6 on the top of the hydraulic support on the upwind side. These 6 spray groups are connected to the high-voltage electric ball valve signal respectively, and then connected to the main control box; the movement direction of the coal mining machine is opposite to the direction of the fresh air flow; a wind speed and direction sensor 7 is also provided on the top of the tunnel to monitor the wind speed and direction in the tunnel; a laser displacement sensor 8 is also provided in the tunnel to monitor the movement displacement of the coal mining machine; and a tunnel dust concentration sensor 9 is also provided in the tunnel to monitor the dust concentration in the tunnel. The main control box also receives signals from the wind speed and direction sensor 7, the laser displacement sensor 8, and the tunnel dust concentration sensor 9 respectively. The main control box sends control instructions to the automatic unloading valve and the spray pump start switch respectively.

[0041] Implementation method 1: Based on sensor data

[0042] Sensor Configuration:

[0043] Wind speed and direction sensor: arranged at the top of the coal mining face, used to monitor the wind speed and direction in the tunnel.

[0044] Laser displacement sensor: It is placed near the coal mining machine and is used to monitor the movement displacement of the coal mining machine in real time.

[0045] Roadway dust concentration sensor: arranged at different positions of the coal mining face, used to monitor the dust concentration in the roadway.

[0046] Spray group settings:

[0047] Spray group type: A high-pressure electric ball valve is used to control the opening and closing of the nozzle to achieve precise control of the spray group.

[0048] Spray group location: Multiple spray groups are set up at the coal mining face, including:

[0049] Downwind hydraulic support top spray group: used to control dust behind the coal mining machine.

[0050] Upwind side coal mining machine rocker arm spray group: used to control dust in front of the coal mining machine.

[0051] Dust curtain spray group on the pedestrian side of the upwind coal mining machine: used to control dust on the side of the coal mining machine.

[0052] Coal mining machine coal wall side spray group: used to control the dust on the coal mining machine side close to the coal wall.

[0053] Downwind side coal mining machine rocker spray group: used to control dust behind the coal mining machine.

[0054] Top spray group of upwind hydraulic support: used to control dust in front of the coal mining machine.

[0055] Control strategy:

[0056] The main control system receives sensor data and performs real-time analysis.

[0057] Determine the dust conditions of the current working face based on data such as wind speed, wind direction, coal mining machine position and dust concentration.

[0058] According to the preset control logic, the opening and closing of the spray group and the adjustment of the spray pressure are automatically controlled.

[0059] Control logic example:

[0060] When the wind speed of the working face is ≤2m / S and the mining height is ≤2m / S, open the 1# electric valve and the 6# electric valve, and turn on the 1# and 6# spray groups; if the dust concentration on the pedestrian side exceeds the standard, increase the spray pressure first, and if it still exceeds the standard, turn on the 3# spray group and the main coal cutting rocker arm drum side (select 2# or 5# according to the forward direction of the coal mining machine) spray group in turn.

[0061] When the wind speed at the working face is ≥3m / S and the mining height is ≥3m / S:

[0062] When the coal cutting direction of the coal mining machine is downwind: open the 1#, 6#, 3#, and 5# spray groups. When the monitored dust concentration exceeds the limit, control the opening degree of the unloading valve and increase the pressure. After 10 minutes (settable), according to the feedback of the dust concentration value, determine whether to increase the water pressure or increase the number of spray groups.

[0063] When the coal mining machine is cutting coal against the wind (dust is carried by the wind and the working face is covered with dust): open the 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, and 6# spray groups. When the monitored dust concentration exceeds the limit, control the opening degree of the unloading valve and increase the pressure. After 10 minutes (settable), according to the feedback of the dust concentration value, determine whether to increase the water pressure or increase the number of spray groups.

[0064] When the water pressure and the number of spray rack groups reach the maximum number, if they still do not meet the standards, a remote alarm will be given to the ground control center to remind the operator to add dust removal equipment or to perform subsequent operations according to manual instructions.

[0065] Implementation method 2: Based on machine learning

[0066] Data collection: Collect a large amount of coal mining face operation data, including wind speed, wind direction, coal mining machine position, dust concentration, spray pressure, spray group opening status, etc.

[0067] Model training: Use machine learning algorithms, such as neural networks and support vector machines, to train the dust reduction model based on the collected data and establish a relationship model between dust concentration and wind speed, wind direction, coal mining machine position, spray pressure, and spray group opening status.

[0068] Control strategy:

[0069] The main control system collects sensor data in real time and inputs it into the dust reduction model.

[0070] The dust reduction model predicts the dust concentration of the current working surface based on sensor data and the trained model.

[0071] The main control system automatically controls the opening and closing of the spray group and the adjustment of the spray pressure according to the predicted dust concentration and preset control logic to achieve precise dust reduction.

[0072] Control logic example:

[0073] When the predicted dust concentration exceeds the preset threshold, the spray group at the corresponding position is turned on and the spray pressure is adjusted according to the predicted dust concentration.

[0074] When the predicted dust concentration is lower than the preset threshold, the spray group at the corresponding position is closed and the spray pressure is adjusted according to the predicted dust concentration.

[0075] According to the predicted dust concentration change trend, the spray group is opened and closed, and the spray pressure is adjusted in advance to achieve active control.

[0076] Implementation method 3: Based on virtual reality

[0077] Virtual Reality Modeling:

[0078] Build a three-dimensional virtual reality model of the coal mining face, including coal mining machines, spray groups, sensors and other equipment.

[0079] In the model, the spray group can display the open and closed status in real time, and the spray pressure can display the value in real time.

[0080] In the model, different scenarios can be set, such as coal cutting with the wind and against the wind, to simulate different working face environments.

[0081] Real-time data interaction:

[0082] The sensor data is transmitted to the virtual reality model in real time to realize the real-time interaction between the virtual reality model and the actual working surface.

[0083] For example, wind speed and direction sensor data can control the direction and speed of wind in a roadway in a virtual reality model.

[0084] Laser displacement sensor data can control the position and motion trajectory of the coal mining machine in the virtual reality model.

[0085] The dust concentration sensor data in the tunnel can control the dust concentration distribution in the tunnel in the virtual reality model.

[0086] Control strategy:

[0087] Through virtual reality equipment, the staff observes the working surface conditions in the virtual reality model and adjusts the opening and closing of the spray group and the adjustment of the spray pressure according to the actual situation.

[0088] For example, when staff find that the dust concentration in a certain area in the virtual reality model is high, they can manually turn on the spray group in that area and adjust the spray pressure according to the dust concentration.

[0089] When the staff finds that the running direction of the coal mining machine in the virtual reality model has changed, they can manually adjust the opening and closing of the spray group to ensure that the spray group is always facing the dust source.

[0090] The main control system controls the spray group on the actual working surface to perform dust reduction operations according to the operating instructions in the virtual reality equipment.

[0091] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for precise control of spray dust reduction by tracking dust sources in coal mining working faces, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use wind speed and direction sensors to monitor the wind direction and size of the working face, use laser displacement sensors to automatically identify the running direction of the coal mining machine (downwind, upwind), and use tunnel dust concentration sensors to monitor the dust concentration at the driver's position at the fully mechanized working face in real time; Step 2: Set up spray groups at different positions, and control the opening and closing of the spray groups by corresponding solenoid valves. An electric-controlled unloading valve is provided on the connecting pipeline between the spray group and the spray pump to automatically adjust the spray pressure. Step 3: Set up the main control system to wirelessly receive sensor data and control the operation of the electric valve and unloading valve. The main control system controls the spray group to act according to different working conditions based on the settings and logical operations, including: When the wind speed of the working face is ≤2m / S and the mining height is ≤2m / S, open the 1# electric valve and the 6# electric valve, and turn on the 1# and 6# spray groups; if the dust concentration on the pedestrian side is reported to be excessive, increase the spray pressure first, and if it is still excessive, turn on the 3# spray group and the main coal cutting rocker arm drum side spray group in turn; on the main coal cutting rocker arm drum side, select the 2# spray group or the 5# spray group according to the forward direction of the coal mining machine; When the wind speed at the working face is ≥3m / S and the mining height is ≥3m / S: When the coal mining machine is cutting coal in the downwind direction: open the 1#, 6#, 3#, and 5# spray groups. When the monitored dust concentration exceeds the limit, control the opening degree of the unloading valve and increase the pressure. After a certain period of time, according to the feedback of the dust concentration value, determine whether to increase the water pressure or increase the number of spray groups. When the coal cutting direction of the coal mining machine is against the wind: open the 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, and 6# spray groups. When the monitored dust concentration exceeds the limit, control the opening degree of the unloading valve and increase the pressure. After a certain period of time, according to the feedback of the dust concentration value, determine whether to increase the water pressure or increase the number of spray groups. When the water pressure and the number of spray rack groups reach the maximum number, if they still do not meet the standards, a remote alarm will be given to the ground control center to remind the operator to add dust removal equipment or to perform subsequent operations according to manual instructions.

2. According to claim 1, a method for precise control of spray dust reduction by tracking dust sources in a coal mining face, characterized in that: The spray group includes a downwind hydraulic support top spray group, an upwind coal mining machine rocker arm spray group, an upwind coal mining machine pedestrian side dust curtain spray group, a coal mining machine coal wall side spray group, a downwind coal mining machine rocker arm spray group and an upwind hydraulic support top spray group.

3. The method for precise control of spray dust suppression by dust source tracking in coal mining working face according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sensors include a wind speed and direction sensor, a laser displacement sensor and a lane dust concentration sensor.

4. The method for precise control of spray dust suppression by dust source tracking in coal mining working face according to claim 1 is characterized by: The main control system controls the action of the spray group according to settings and logical operations to achieve control of spray dust reduction.

5. The method for precise control of spray dust suppression by dust source tracking in coal mining working face according to claim 1 is characterized by: The main control system automatically increases or decreases the spray pressure through the unloading valve according to the dust concentration value fed back after spraying through logical judgment, thereby realizing intelligent regulation of the spray pressure.

6. The method for precise control of spray dust reduction by dust source tracking in coal mining working face according to claim 1 is characterized by: When dealing with the situation of coal cutting against the wind, the main control system turns on all the spray groups to surround the dust source point and achieve full coverage of the working surface.

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