Panda suitable habitat recovery method based on artificial forest transformation

Abstract

The invention provides a panda suitable habitat recovery method based on artificial forest reconstruction, and relates to the field of artificial forest reconstruction, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, reconstructing an artificial forest, and dividing the reconstructed artificial forest into a high-altitude region, a medium-altitude region, a low-altitude region and a normal-altitude region; s2, the complementary planting vegetation in the high-altitude area is mixed planting of evergreen arbors and deciduous arbors, the complementary planting vegetation in the medium-altitude area is bamboo forest, the complementary planting vegetation in the low-altitude area is mixed planting of bamboo forest and shrubs, and the complementary planting vegetation in the normal-altitude area is mixed planting of bamboo forest and evergreen arbors; s3, performing structure adjustment in the high-altitude area, the medium-altitude area, the low-altitude area and the normal-altitude area; and S4, arranging a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor in the artificial forest. The diversity of trees in the artificial forest is improved, the growth of the trees and the balance of an ecological system are maintained, the environment and the trees in the artificial forest are monitored in real time, and the varieties of the trees capable of being planted in the range are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of artificial forest transformation, in particular to a method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation. Background Art

[0002] Artificial forest transformation technology is a series of technical measures to optimize and adjust artificial forests through scientific methods and technical means, aiming to improve forest quality, improve the ecological environment and increase economic benefits. With the decline of global forest resources and the increasing prominence of ecological and environmental problems, artificial forest transformation technology has received widespread attention. Due to excessive logging and irrational use, natural forest resources are decreasing, resulting in a reduction in the suitable living environment for giant pandas. On the one hand, artificial forest transformation can increase the sustainability of forests suitable for giant pandas, restore ecological functions, promote ecological balance, and expand the scope of protection for giant pandas; on the other hand, it is beneficial to increase the area of ​​natural habitats suitable for giant pandas, provide diversity and sustainability of food sources, connect isolated habitat fragments, increase the connectivity of giant panda activity areas, and facilitate gene exchange and population diffusion. In addition, the transformed forests can better maintain water and soil, improve water conservation capacity, have a positive impact on the water quality and quantity of the giant panda's living environment, help build a more stable and resilient ecosystem, and provide a long-term stable living environment for giant pandas.

[0003] At present, the method for restoring the suitable habitat for giant pandas is mainly to increase the staple bamboo of giant pandas in artificial forests by planting, and to take nurturing measures to improve the survival rate of the staple bamboo. However, there are many types of organisms in the living environment of giant pandas. Simply increasing the number of trees of the same type cannot achieve ecological balance in artificial forests, and will also reduce the diversity of vegetation. In addition, the long growth cycle of vegetation and its slow growth are also a problem. Therefore, it is necessary to design a method for restoring the suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation, which solves the problems of insufficient vegetation diversity, long growth cycle and slow growth.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation, comprising the following restoration methods:

[0006] S1: transforming the artificial forest and dividing it into high altitude area, medium altitude area, low altitude area and normal altitude area, wherein the altitude of the high altitude area is 3000-3700m, the altitude of the medium altitude area is 2500-3000m, the altitude of the low altitude area is 1700-2000m, and the altitude of the normal altitude area 4 is 2000-2500m;

[0007] S2: The supplementary vegetation in the high altitude area is a mixed planting of evergreen trees and deciduous trees, the supplementary vegetation in the medium altitude area is a bamboo forest, the supplementary vegetation in the low altitude area is a mixed planting of bamboo forest and shrubs, and the supplementary vegetation in the normal altitude area is a mixed planting of bamboo forest and evergreen trees;

[0008] S3: Make structural adjustments within high-altitude areas, medium-altitude areas, low-altitude areas and normal-altitude areas to construct the geological features of wetlands, streams and water sources;

[0009] S4: Arrange temperature sensors and humidity sensors inside the artificial forest. The temperature sensors and humidity sensors are arranged every 100m to detect and sample the temperature and humidity inside the artificial forest. When the temperature is high or the humidity is insufficient, spray irrigation water in the area.

[0010] S5: Canopy density measurements were conducted in different areas of the plantation every 30-45 days during the growing season.

[0011] S6: Establish ecological detection and ecological assessment technologies to detect and assess vegetation coverage, species diversity, water quality, and soil health. At the same time, establish an ecological risk assessment mechanism to promptly detect and respond to potential ecological threats.

[0012] Preferably, the evergreen trees and deciduous trees in the high-altitude areas and normal-altitude areas can be planted with spruce, cryptomeria, masson pine, white birch, cork oak, acuta australis, fir and sumac, the shrubs in the low-altitude areas can be planted with Rosaceae plants, Rubus plants and holly, and the bamboo forests in the low-altitude areas and normal-altitude areas are mainly planted with three of the following: Feather bamboo, Feather bamboo, Round bamboo, August bamboo, Brachypodium album and Cold-arrow bamboo.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature sensor and humidity sensor can be hung on a tree trunk for concealed installation.

[0014] Preferably, the planting density of evergreen trees and deciduous trees is 800-1000 plants / hectare, the planting density of bamboo forests is 5-10 plants / square meter, the proportion of young bamboo is 10-20%, and the planting density of shrubs is 0.7-1 plant / square meter.

[0015] Preferably, the slope of the high altitude area is less than 10°, the slope of the medium altitude area is less than 30°, the slope of the low altitude area is less than 25°, and the slope of the normal altitude is less than 5°.

[0016] After evergreen and deciduous trees are planted into forests, the expected height is 15-25m, and the expected main trunk diameter is 20-30cm; after bamboo forests are planted into forests, the expected bamboo pole height is 2.5-3m, and the expected bamboo pole diameter is 5-10cm; after shrubs are planted into forests, the expected height is 1-2m, and the expected crown diameter is 1.5-3m.

[0017] Preferably, the ecological detection and ecological assessment technology adopts aerial remote sensing technology, geographic information system and computer ecological model technology.

[0018] Preferably, the canopy density detection can be carried out by using sampling methods, remote sensing technology or instrument measurement methods to detect the coverage of tree branches and leaves. When the canopy density is higher than 0.7, the tree branches and leaves are pruned.

[0019] The present invention provides a method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention divides the internal area of ​​the artificial forest into a high-altitude area, a medium-altitude area, a low-altitude area and a normal-altitude area, and the supplementary vegetation in the high-altitude area is a mixed planting of evergreen trees and deciduous trees, the supplementary vegetation in the medium-altitude area is a bamboo forest, the supplementary vegetation in the low-altitude area is a mixed planting of bamboo forests and shrubs, and the supplementary vegetation in the normal-altitude area is a mixed planting of bamboo forests and evergreen trees. The diversity of trees in the artificial forest is improved, the growth of trees and the balance of the ecosystem are maintained, the environment and trees inside the artificial forest are monitored in real time by arranging temperature sensors and humidity sensors, the canopy density of plants in the artificial forest is detected and immediately pruned through canopy density detection, and it is ensured that the plants inside the artificial forest have sufficient growth light.

[0021] 2. The present invention increases the variety of trees that can be planted within the range of 1400-3700m above sea level by selecting the artificial forest area, and determines the altitude of the high altitude area to be 1600-3700m, the altitude of the medium altitude area to be 2200-2600m, the altitude of the low altitude area to be 1400-1600m, and the altitude of the normal altitude area to be 1600-2200m. Secondly, by constructing wetland, stream and water source geological features inside the artificial forest, the water necessary for plant growth and giant panda survival is provided, thereby increasing the tree reproduction rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the division of artificial forest areas of the present invention;

[0023] Among them, 1. High altitude area; 2. Medium altitude area; 3. Low altitude area; 4. Normal altitude area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation, including the following restoration methods:

[0027] S1: The artificial forest is transformed and divided into areas, namely high altitude area 1, medium altitude area 2, low altitude area 3 and normal altitude area 4, wherein the altitude of high altitude area 1 is 2600-3700m, the altitude of the medium altitude area is 2200-2600m, the altitude of the low altitude area is 1400-1600m, and the altitude of normal altitude area 4 is 1600-2200m; the overall altitude of the artificial forest is within the range of 1400-3700m, and the altitude of the giant panda's living range is within the range of 1800-3700m, which is exactly included in the altitude of the artificial forest, and different altitudes ensure the diversity of plants that can be planted; high altitude area 1, medium altitude area 2, low altitude area 3 and normal altitude area 4 can be divided according to the terrain, for example, high altitude area 1-medium altitude area 2-normal altitude area 4-low altitude area 3.

[0028] S2: The replanting vegetation in high-altitude area 1 is a mixture of evergreen trees and deciduous trees, the replanting vegetation in medium-altitude area 2 is bamboo forest, the replanting vegetation in low-altitude area 3 is a mixture of bamboo forest and shrubs, and the replanting vegetation in normal altitude area 4 is a mixture of bamboo forest and evergreen trees; the mixed planting of evergreen trees and deciduous trees in high-altitude areas can simulate the diversity of trees in the giant panda's living environment, and the evergreen trees remain green in winter, while the deciduous trees can provide more transmission and increase light for winter sunlight after they shed their leaves in autumn. Secondly, mixed planting can improve ecological diversity and provide habitats and food sources for different birds and insects. In addition, different types of trees have different root depths and distributions, which can reduce soil erosion and improve soil structure. Mixed planting also helps control pests and diseases, because different types of trees have different resistance to pests and diseases, which can reduce the overall risk of pests and diseases.

[0029] S3: Structural adjustments are made within high altitude area 1, medium altitude area 2, low altitude area 3 and normal altitude area 4 to construct wetland, stream and water source geological features inside them, so that the terrain diversity inside the artificial forest is increased. These water bodies can provide the necessary moisture for plant growth and giant panda survival, maintain the growth of trees and the balance of the ecosystem. Secondly, water bodies such as wetlands and streams can enhance the stability of the ecosystem. In addition, they can also improve water quality, remove pollutants through natural filtration, and improve downstream water quality. Wetlands and streams can also regulate water cycles, reduce the impact of floods and droughts, and provide water conservation functions.

[0030] S4: Temperature sensors and humidity sensors are arranged inside the artificial forest, with one temperature sensor and humidity sensor arranged every 100m. The temperature and humidity inside the artificial forest are tested and sampled. When the temperature is high or the humidity is insufficient, irrigation water is sprayed in the area. First, the temperature sensors and humidity sensors can be used to monitor the environment inside the artificial forest in real time, help managers understand the microclimate conditions inside the forest area, and conduct regional management of irrigation inside the artificial forest. Secondly, the trees can be prevented from pests by adjusting the appropriate humidity. Finally, accurate data support can improve the utilization rate of resources such as water and fertilizers and reduce resource waste. Abnormal temperature changes can be used as early warnings for natural disasters or forest fires, increase the protection of artificial forests, and improve the efficiency of restoring suitable habitats for giant pandas.

[0031] S5: Carry out canopy density testing in different areas of the plantation every 30-45 days during the growing season; canopy density testing is an important task in forestry and ecological research. It refers to the use of certain methods to evaluate the degree of branch and leaf coverage of trees in a forest stand. The determination of canopy density is usually used to understand the growth status of the forest, assess the health level of the forest, and manage and plan forest resources. It can detect the canopy density of plants in the plantation and prune them immediately to ensure that the plants in the plantation have sufficient light for growth.

[0032] S6: Establish ecological detection and ecological assessment technologies to detect and assess vegetation coverage, species diversity, water quality, and soil health. At the same time, establish an ecological risk assessment mechanism to promptly detect and respond to potential ecological threats. By regularly monitoring ecological conditions, environmental problems can be discovered in a timely manner, and measures can be taken to prevent ecological degradation and protect biodiversity. The assessment results will help to formulate reasonable resource utilization and management strategies to ensure the sustainable use of natural resources. Monitoring and assessment can reveal sources of pollution and causes of ecological damage, and provide a scientific basis for improving environmental quality. By assessing soil health and vegetation conditions, the risks of natural disasters such as floods and mudslides can be predicted and reduced.

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] Evergreen and deciduous trees in high altitude zone 1 and normal altitude zone 4 can be planted with spruce, cryptomeria, masson pine, birch, cork oak, acuta australis, fir and sumac. Shrubs in low altitude zone 3 can be planted with Rosaceae, Rubus and holly. Bamboo forests in low altitude zone 3 and normal altitude zone 4 mainly plant three of the following: Feather bamboo, Feather bamboo, Round bamboo, August bamboo, Brachypodium and Cold-arrow bamboo. The diversity of vegetation planting inside artificial forests can be increased. Planting different types of bamboo can ensure that giant pandas have sufficient food in different seasons. At the same time, diverse vegetation can simulate the structure of natural forests, provide a more suitable habitat for giant pandas, which is conducive to their survival and reproduction. Diverse plant communities can improve the stability of the ecosystem. , making it more resistant to natural disasters and human interference. According to the growth altitude of spruce at 2400-3600m, the growth altitude of cryptomeria at 400-2500m, the growth altitude of masson pine at 100-2600m, the growth altitude of white birch at 400-4100m, the growth altitude of cork oak at 400-2500m, the growth altitude of austria oak at 400-2500m, the growth altitude of fir at 2500-3400m, and the growth altitude of lacquer tree at 400-2500m, spruce, masson pine, white birch, fir and lacquer tree can be planted in high altitude area 1, and spruce, cryptomeria, masson pine, white birch, cork oak, austria oak and lacquer tree can be planted in normal altitude areas.

[0035] The temperature sensor and the humidity sensor can be hung on the tree trunk for concealed installation; they are avoided from being exposed to the outside and damaged, thereby increasing the protection of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor.

[0036] The planting density of evergreen trees and deciduous trees is 800-1000 plants / hectare, the planting density of bamboo forests is 5-10 plants / square meter, the proportion of young bamboo is 10-20%, and the planting density of shrubs is 0.7-1 plant / square meter; this ensures that the survival of individual plants of evergreen trees and deciduous trees, bamboo forests and shrubs is not affected. Too dense planting will lead to insufficient nutrients in the soil, and too sparse planting will cause soil erosion.

[0037] The slope of high-altitude area 1 is less than 10°, the slope of medium-altitude area 2 is less than 30°, the slope of low-altitude area 3 is less than 25°, and the slope at normal altitude is less than 5°; this makes the slope in the artificial forest area relatively gentle. After the introduction of giant pandas, they can move freely in the artificial forest area without being affected by the terrain.

[0038] After evergreen and deciduous trees are planted into forests, the expected height is 15-25m, and the expected main trunk diameter is 20-30cm; after bamboo forests are planted into forests, the expected bamboo pole height is 2.5-3m, and the expected bamboo pole diameter is 5-10cm; after shrubs are planted into forests, the expected height is 1-2m, and the expected crown diameter is 1.5-3m; ensure that the plants planted inside the artificial forest can reach the conditions for natural growth, reduce maintenance time and maintenance workload, reduce the damage rate of plants caused by natural disasters or insect pests, and at the same time reduce the years of artificial forest transformation.

[0039] Ecological detection and ecological assessment technologies use aerial remote sensing technology, geographic information systems and computer ecological model technology; aerial remote sensing technology can obtain surface information, monitor vegetation coverage, land use changes, water quality conditions, etc. Geographic information systems facilitate the collection, storage, analysis and display of geographic data for ecological spatial analysis and environmental management. Computer ecological model technology uses computer simulation technology to predict the response of ecosystems to environmental changes and ecological processes.

[0040] The density can be detected by sampling method, remote sensing technology or instrument measurement method to detect the coverage of tree branches and leaves. When the density is higher than 0.7, the branches and leaves of the trees should be pruned. The density can be detected by sampling method, remote sensing technology or instrument measurement method. It can be detected in multiple directions to increase the accuracy of data detection. At the same time, the density of 0.7 is suitable for the growth of plants inside the artificial forest, ensuring uniform lighting and illuminating the plants covering the surface.

[0041] Embodiment three:

[0042] This example is based on the growth of evergreen trees and deciduous trees, bamboo forests, and shrubs in artificial forests, and is compared with the growth of plants under natural conditions:

[0043] By establishing a comparative database, the growth of plants in the natural state is analyzed and compared with the growth of plants in the artificial forest. If the growth height and diameter of the plants in the artificial forest in the same year are greater than the growth of plants in the natural state, it means that the plants in the artificial forest are well protected and the artificial forest has an ecological restoration effect. If the growth height and diameter of the plants in the artificial forest in the same year are lower than the growth of plants in the natural state, it means that the growth of plants in the artificial forest has defects. Regional analysis of soil, humidity, temperature and other factors inside the artificial forest is carried out to check the specific factors affecting plant growth and solve them in a targeted manner.

[0044] The following is a brief introduction to the main plants grown in the plantation area:

[0045] Spruce: An evergreen tree belonging to the genus Picea in the family Pinaceae, with light gray-brown bark that cracks into slightly thick irregular scaly pieces and falls off; twigs sparsely or densely covered with short hairs, annual branches light brown-yellow, brown-yellow or light reddish-brown, pulvinus with white powder, persistent bud scales at the base recurved, winter buds conical with resin; leaves are quadrangular-linear, slightly pointed or acute at the apex, quadrangular in cross section, with pink-white stomata lines on all four sides; cones are cylindrical-oblong, gradually narrowing at the upper end, green before maturity, light brown or brown when mature; seeds are obovate; flowering period is April-May, cones mature in September-October; slightly shade-tolerant, drought-tolerant and cold-resistant, suitable for growing in slightly acidic brown forest land with cool climate, deep soil and good drainage; reproduction method is sowing.

[0046] Cryptomeria fortunei: An evergreen tree belonging to the Cupressaceae family, with spirally arborescent leaves, subulate, flattened on both sides, slightly curved inward, and decurrent at the base, monoecious, with male cones rectangular, solitary in the leaf axils and near the top of the branches, and female cones solitary at the top of the branches, nearly spherical, with nearly spherical cones, seed scales, and shield-shaped wood; seeds are slightly flattened with narrow wings around them; flowering period is April, and cones mature in October-November; it likes light, has shallow roots, prefers a warm and humid mountain climate, and is wind-resistant and cold-resistant; it prefers deep soil, humus-rich, and well-drained loam; it mainly reproduces by seeds, but it can also be propagated by cuttings.

[0047] Masson pine: Also known as fir pine, mountain pine, green pine, etc., it is an evergreen tree of the genus Pinus in the Pinaceae family; its bark is reddish brown, gray-brown at the bottom, and cracked into irregular scaly pieces, the branches are flat or oblique, and the crown is broadly tower-shaped or umbrella-shaped; the winter buds are ovate cylindrical or cylindrical brown, the leaf sheaths are brown at first, and then gradually turn gray-black, persistent, the male cones are light reddish brown cylindrical and drooping; the female cones are solitary or 2-4 clustered near the top of the new branches, light purple-red, the cones are ovate or conical-ovate, and the middle seed scales are nearly rectangular-obovate; the scale shields are rhombic , slightly raised or flat, with slightly obvious transverse ridges, slightly concave scale navels, no thorns, those grown in dry environments often have very short thorns, and long oval seeds; the flowering period is April-May, and the cones mature in October-December of the following year. It is a subtropical tree species, grown in arid and barren red soil, gravel soil and sandy soil, or grown in rock cracks, often forming secondary pure forests or mixed with broad-leaved trees such as oak, locust, and yellow sandalwood. Masson pine is a deep-rooted tree species, afraid of water and humidity, intolerant of saline-alkali, likes acidic and slightly acidic soil, likes light, cannot tolerate shade, and likes warm and humid climate.

[0048] White birch: It is a deciduous tree of the genus Betula of the Betulaceae family, with grayish white bark; branches are dark gray or dark brown, glabrous, with sparse or dense resin glands; leaves are triangular-ovate or triangular, with sharp apex and heavily serrated edges; petioles are thin and glabrous; nutlets are narrowly oblong, rectangular or ovate, with sparsely short soft hairs on the back; it is a light-loving, fast-growing species, resistant to moisture, cold and poor soil, with small seeds and high yield, and mostly grows on hillsides or in forests at an altitude of 400-4100 meters.

[0049] Cork oak: It is a tall deciduous tree of the genus Quercus in the Fagaceae family, up to 30 meters tall; the bark is deeply fissured; the twigs are hairless; the leaves are ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, with a broad cuneate or nearly round base and thorn-like serrations; the fruit shell is cup-shaped with a flat round top; the flowering period is March-April; the fruiting period is September-October of the following year; it likes light, and the seedlings are shade-tolerant, low-temperature-tolerant, and drought-tolerant. It has no strict requirements on soil, and is generally propagated by grafting.

[0050] Oak: It is a perennial deciduous tree of the genus Quercus in the family Fagaceae, with a tall trunk; the bark is dark gray-brown with deep longitudinal fissures; the young branches are covered with gray-yellow soft hairs, which turn gray-yellow when old; the leaves have various shapes, usually oblong-lanceolate; the male inflorescences are often clustered in the axils of the lower branches of the current year, the style is cup-shaped, and the bracteoles are awl-shaped or flat; the nuts are ovate or elliptical, with a rounded apex and a protruding navel; the flowering period is March-April, and the fruiting period is September-October of the following year; it likes light and moisture, is cold-resistant, resistant to drought and barrenness, but not resistant to waterlogging and saline-alkali, and prefers moist, fertile, deep, well-drained neutral to slightly acidic sandy loam; the main method of reproduction of Oak is sowing.

[0051] Rhus verniciflua: It is a deciduous tree of the Anacardiaceae family and the genus Rhus verniciflua. The bark is grayish white and rough, and the twigs are sturdy; the terminal buds are large and prominent, and the odd-pinnate compound leaves are alternate, with 4-6 pairs of leaflets; the petioles are pubescent, swollen near the base, semicircular, and flat on the upper surface; the leaflets are membranous to thinly papery, ovate or ovate-elliptical or oblong, with 10-15 pairs of lateral veins, slightly protruding on both sides; the petioles are grooved on the upper surface and pubescent. The panicle inflorescence is nearly the same length as the leaves, pubescent with grayish yellow pubescence, the axis and branches are slender, and the flowers are sparse; the flowers are yellowish green, the pedicels of male flowers are slender, and the pedicels of female flowers are short and thick; it likes warm and humid climates and avoids wind, and grows in leeward, sunny and humid hillside forests at an altitude of 800-3000 meters.

[0052] Rosaceae: A family under the order Rosaceae, class Magnoliaceae. Plants in this family are usually deciduous or evergreen herbs, shrubs or trees, with alternate, rarely opposite leaves, simple or compound leaves, with obvious stipules. Plants in this family have strong adaptability to the environment and mostly grow by the banks of (streams), ditches, in mixed woods on hillsides, on hillsides, etc.

[0053] Rubus: a genus of the Rosaceae family, subfamily Rosoideae, evergreen shrubs, semi-shrubs or perennial creeping herbs; leaves are alternate, simple, palmately compound or pinnately compound, with serrations or lobes on the margins; flowers are bisexual, in cymose panicles, racemes, corymbs or clusters of several flowers or solitary; calyx is 5-lobed, sepals are erect or reflexed, persistent in fruit; flowers are white or red; stamens are numerous, style is nearly terminal, fruit is a aggregate fruit composed of small drupes borne on the receptacle, succulent or dry, red, yellow or black, seeds are drooping, seed coat is membranous, cotyledons are flat and convex.

[0054] Holly: Also known as unfrozen purple, top tree, frozen river wood, Guanyin tea, etc., it is an evergreen tree of the genus Ilex of the Aquifoliaceae family. The bark of the holly is gray-black; the leaves are elliptical or lanceolate, rarely ovate; the compound cymes are solitary in the leaf axils; the flowers are light purple or purple-red; the calyx lobes are broadly triangular; the petals are ovate; the fruit is oblong, red when ripe, the flowering period is April-June, and the fruiting period is July-December. It is a warm temperate tree species with strong cold resistance, likes fertile soil, and has no strict requirements on the environment. It often grows in evergreen broad-leaved forests on hillsides and on the edge of forests, and scattered in valleys and streams.

[0055] 'Farge bamboo: It is a plant of the genus Fargesia in the Poaceae family. Fargesia is a subalpine species of compound axis bamboo, with shiny, hairless stems, growing in clusters or nearly scattered; shoots are light green, slightly powdery, and hairless; the shoot sheaths fall off early, are oblong, leathery, light yellow, with nearly arc-shaped apex, sometimes asymmetrical, and hairless on the back; the twigs have 2-5 leaves, which are green-purple and hairless. The leaf blades are linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, papery, green on the upper side, light green on the lower side, and hairless on both sides; the terminal raceme extends from one side of the opening, with yellow anthers; the ovary is round and hairless; the caryopsis is oblong, purple-brown, smooth and hairless; the shoot season is July, the flowering season is June, and the fruit season is September. It is mostly grown in broad-leaved forests or subalpine dark coniferous forests at an altitude of 1920-3200 meters. Fargesia is cold-resistant and prefers acidic soil. It grows well on gentle slopes with loose and fertile soil. It is propagated by sowing.

[0056] Huaxi Arrow Bamboo: It is a bamboo plant of the Poaceae family and the genus Arrow Bamboo. The culm can be up to 13 cm long, the culms are clustered or nearly scattered, the tip is straight and slightly curved; cylindrical, covered with white powder when young, smooth, with underdeveloped longitudinal ribs, and the culm buds are long ovate, rough near the edge, with gray cilia on the edge. The branches are raised, the shoots are purple, covered with very sparse gray small hard hairs or hairless; the sheath is persistent, leathery, triangular-elliptical, and the auricles and sheath mouth hairs are absent; the ligule is arched, purple, the sheaths are turned outward or located at the bottom of the culm. The sheaths are upright, triangular or linear-lanceolate, and the leaf sheaths are often purple, with only dense gray-brown cilia on the upper part of the edge; there are no auricles, the ligule is truncated or arched, the leaf blades are linear-lanceolate, the lower surface is gray-green, and both sides are hairless, and the leaf margins are nearly flat The ovary is ovate, glabrous and has a slender, ovate lanceolate shape. The ovary is ovate-elliptical or glabrous. The caryopsis is ovate-elliptical or elliptical, yellow-brown to dark brown, glabrous. The shoots are in season from late April to May, with flowers blooming from May to August and fruits from August to September.

[0057] Tuanzhu: It is a plant species of the genus Fargesia in the family Poaceae of the monocotyledonous plant class. This species is the highest bamboo species in vertical distribution in its distribution area and is the main bamboo species eaten by giant pandas.

[0058] Short cone jade bamboo: It is a bamboo plant of the Gramineae family and the genus Jade bamboo. The handle is long, cylindrical, and solid. The height of the culm can reach 2.5 meters, cylindrical, densely covered with white powder with small purple spots when young, turning yellow when old, often with black dirt, the sheath ring is raised, and the culm ring is flat or slightly raised; the culm bud is oblong, flat, and the edge of the bud scale has white cilia; the branches are obliquely spread, the tip is slightly drooping, and there is no hair. The shoot is purple-green with light green stripes in between. The sheath is persistent, cartilaginous, oblong, the sheath ear is well-developed, linear, purple, and attached to the culm. The sheath tongue is arched and glabrous, and the sheath is everted and glabrous. The longitudinal ridges on the upper part of the leaf sheath are not obvious, and the longitudinal veins are clear. The leaf ears are usually present, linear, brown, and the leaf tongue is well-developed, arched, and glabrous. The leaf blade is lanceolate, gradually pointed at the tip, and the lower surface is light green, glabrous on both sides, and the leaf margin is finely serrated and slightly rough. Inflorescence is terminal, with glabrous inflorescence branches and small bracts at the base. The spikelet stalk is slender and slightly wavy, and the spikelet contains small flowers, purple or purple-black; the internodes of the spikelet axis are flat, the glabrous glub, the first glume is ovate and oblong, the second glume is ovate-lanceolate, the lemma is ovate-lanceolate, papery, purple, the palea tip is slightly concave, with longitudinal grooves between the ridges, and fine hairs on the ridges. The anthers are light yellow, and the caryopsis is triangular and dark brown. The shoot period is June-August, and the flowers bloom in June-August.

[0059] Cold-arrow bamboo: It is a plant of the Poaceae family and the genus Bambusa. Its underground stem is compound axis type. The bamboo whip is light yellow, hairless, shiny, with a very small cavity. The culm is straight and can reach 3 meters in height. It is green, hairless, and often has purple spots. The sheath ring is raised and hairless; the culm ring is flat or slightly raised, lower than the sheath ring; the culm bud is long oval and close to the culm node. The branches and culms are obliquely spread. The shoots are purple-red or light green with purple-red tips, hairless, and small purple spots on the back; the sheath is thick and papery, triangular and oblong, and the sheaths are everted, green or purple-red at the tip, and hairless. The ligule is truncate, the leaf blade is lanceolate, papery, glabrous on both sides, with obvious small transverse veins, and the leaf margin is serrated and rough; the petiole is glabrous; the inflorescence is racemose or sometimes panicle, and the main axis and branches of the inflorescence are glabrous; with spikelets, the spikelet petiole is erect, the first glume is conical or triangular ovate, the second glume is ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, the lemma is ovate-lanceolate, and the back of the palea has small cilia on the ridge. The ovary is elliptical and glabrous, and the caryopsis is capsule-shaped, oblong, with thin peel and easy to peel, and the endosperm is white. Shoots emerge from May to August. Flowers bloom from May to August, and fruits are from July to October.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation, characterized in that: The following recovery methods are included: S1: transforming and dividing the artificial forest into regions, namely a high altitude region (1), a medium altitude region (2), a low altitude region (3) and a normal altitude region (4), wherein the altitude of the high altitude region (1) is 2600-3700 m, the altitude of the medium altitude region (2) is 2200-2600 m, the altitude of the low altitude region (3) is 1400-1600 m, and the altitude of the normal altitude region (4) is 1600-2200 m; S2: The replanted vegetation in the high altitude area (1) is a mixed planting of evergreen trees and deciduous trees, the replanted vegetation in the medium altitude area (2) is a bamboo forest, the replanted vegetation in the low altitude area (3) is a mixed planting of bamboo forest and shrubs, and the replanted vegetation in the normal altitude area (4) is a mixed planting of bamboo forest and evergreen trees; S3: Make structural adjustments within the high altitude area (1), medium altitude area (2), low altitude area (3) and normal altitude area (4) to construct the geological features of wetlands, streams and water sources; S4: Arrange temperature sensors and humidity sensors inside the artificial forest. The temperature sensors and humidity sensors are arranged every 100m to detect and sample the temperature and humidity inside the artificial forest. When the temperature is high or the humidity is insufficient, spray irrigation water in the area. S5: Canopy density measurements were conducted in different areas of the plantation every 30-45 days during the growing season. S6: Establish ecological detection and ecological assessment technologies to detect and assess vegetation coverage, species diversity, water quality, soil health, etc. At the same time, establish an ecological risk assessment mechanism to promptly detect and respond to potential ecological threats.

2. A method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evergreen trees and deciduous trees in the high altitude area (1) and the normal altitude area (4) may include spruce, Cryptomeria japonica, Masson pine, white birch, cork oak, aconite oak, fir and sumac; the shrubs in the low altitude area (3) may include plants of the Rosaceae family, Rubus spp. and holly; the bamboo forests in the low altitude area (3) and the normal altitude area (4) mainly include three of the following: Feather bamboo, Feather bamboo, Round bamboo, August bamboo, Brachypodium album and Feather bamboo.

3. A method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor and humidity sensor can be hung on a tree trunk for concealed arrangement.

4. The method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting density of evergreen trees and deciduous trees is 800-1000 plants / hectare, the planting density of bamboo forest is 5-10 plants / square meter, the proportion of young bamboo is 10-20%, and the planting density of shrubs is 0.7-1 plant / square meter.

5. The method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope of the high altitude area (1) is less than 10°, the slope of the medium altitude area (2) is less than 30°, the slope of the low altitude area (3) is less than 25°, and the slope of the normal altitude is less than 5°.

6. The method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: After evergreen and deciduous trees are planted into forests, the expected height is 15-25m, and the expected main trunk diameter is 20-30cm; after bamboo forests are planted into forests, the expected bamboo pole height is 2.5-3m, and the expected bamboo pole diameter is 5-10cm; after shrubs are planted into forests, the expected height is 1-2m, and the expected crown diameter is 1.5-3m.

7. The method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological detection and ecological assessment technology adopts aerial remote sensing technology, geographic information system and computer ecological model technology.

8. The method for restoring a suitable habitat for giant pandas based on artificial forest transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The canopy density detection can adopt sampling method, remote sensing technology or instrument measurement method to detect the coverage degree of tree branches and leaves. When the canopy density is higher than 0.7, the branches and leaves of the trees are pruned.

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