Modularized prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of building construction. The prefabricated protection brick is composed of a fine aggregate concrete layer and an extruded sheet in the height direction, and a reinforcing mesh is embedded in the fine aggregate concrete layer or between the fine aggregate concrete layer and the extruded sheet. The four side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protection brick are composed of a first group of adjacent side wall surfaces of one two adjacent side wall surfaces and a second group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the other two adjacent side wall surfaces, mortises are formed in the first group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protection brick, and tenons matched with the mortises are arranged on the second group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protection brick. The size precision and quality are better controlled through factory prefabrication, so that the prefabricated protection brick is more tightly attached to the basement outer wall; and high strength and impact resistance of the prefabricated protective brick are ensured. Due to the design of the mortises and the tenons, mortise and tenon joints are arranged on the edges of the prefabricated protection bricks according to modulus, and it is ensured that every two adjacent prefabricated protection bricks are tightly combined after being spliced through the mortise and tenon joints.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In construction projects, a waterproof protective layer is usually required to prevent the basement exterior wall waterproof structure from being damaged during the backfilling process of the basement side wall. At present, the construction methods of the basement exterior wall waterproof protective layer in construction projects mainly include cement mortar waterproof protective layer, roll material waterproof protective layer, brickwork waterproof protective layer, etc.

[0003] The above construction methods still have the following problems:

[0004] The construction of cement mortar waterproof protective layer is relatively complicated, with high requirements on construction technology, and is prone to quality problems such as cracks; the laying of roll waterproof protective layer is relatively cumbersome, the material cost is high, and it is easy to be damaged during the construction process; the construction efficiency of brick masonry waterproof protective layer is low, requiring a lot of manpower and time, and at the same time it will generate a lot of construction waste, which also has a certain negative impact on the environment.

[0005] Based on this, it is urgent to propose a protective brick and construction method that is efficient, safe and convenient. Summary of the invention

[0006] In response to the above technical problems, the present application solves the problems of low efficiency, insecurity and inconvenience existing in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution adopted in the present application is as follows: the present invention provides a modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick, comprising a prefabricated protection brick, wherein the prefabricated protection brick is composed of a fine stone concrete layer and an extruded board in the height direction, and a steel mesh is embedded in the fine stone concrete layer or between the fine stone concrete layer and the extruded board;

[0008] The four side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protective bricks are composed of a first group of adjacent side wall surfaces of one adjacent side wall surface and a second group of adjacent side wall surfaces of another adjacent side wall surface.

[0009] A first group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protection bricks are provided with mortises, and a second group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protection bricks are provided with tenons matching the mortises.

[0010] In order to better realize the present invention, further, the prefabricated protective brick is in a rectangular or cube shape.

[0011] When the prefabricated protective brick is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape,

[0012] The first group of adjacent side walls of the prefabricated protection bricks are located on one side of the short side of the prefabricated protection bricks and have one mortise located in the middle position, and the first group of adjacent side walls are located on one side of the long side of the prefabricated protection bricks and have two mortise openings symmetrically arranged in the direction of the long side of the prefabricated protection bricks;

[0013] The second group of adjacent side walls of the prefabricated protection brick is located on one side of the short side of the prefabricated protection brick and has one tenon located in the middle position, and the second group of adjacent side walls is located on one side of the long side of the prefabricated protection brick and has two tenons symmetrically arranged in the direction of the long side of the prefabricated protection brick;

[0014] Furthermore, the two mortises on the long sides of the prefabricated protection bricks correspond one to one with the two tenons on the long sides of the prefabricated protection bricks respectively;

[0015] When the prefabricated protective brick is in a cube shape,

[0016] The first group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protective bricks are each provided with a mortise located in the middle;

[0017] The second group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protection bricks are each provided with a tenon which matches the mortise and is located at a middle position.

[0018] In order to better realize the present invention, further, when the prefabricated protection brick is in a rectangular shape, the length of the long side of the prefabricated protection brick is 1200mm, the length of the short side is 600mm, the distance between the mortise edges of the two mortises on the long side of the prefabricated protection brick is 680mm, and the distance from the notch of any one of the two mortises on the long side of the prefabricated protection brick to the corresponding adjacent and adjacent side edge is 200mm;

[0019] When the prefabricated protective brick is in a cube shape,

[0020] The lengths of the four sides of the prefabricated protective bricks are all 600 mm.

[0021] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the mortise is a dovetail groove, the height of which is 80 mm, the width of the top groove is 60 mm, the width of the bottom is 100 mm, and the angles formed between the bottom surface of the dovetail groove and the two inner side walls of the dovetail groove are equal;

[0022] The tenon is a connection block that matches the dovetail groove, has a top width of 100 mm, a bottom width of 60 mm, a height of 80 mm, and the angles formed between the top surface of the connection block and the two side walls of the connection block are equal.

[0023] In order to better realize the present invention, further, the fine stone concrete layer adopts C20 grade, its thickness is 20mm, the extruded board is 40mm thick, and the steel mesh adopts multiple steel bars with a diameter of 6mm, which are arranged in a perpendicular and criss-cross manner to form a grid with a spacing of 100*100mm between two adjacent steel bars.

[0024] In order to better implement the present invention, further, a steel bar at a corresponding position in the steel mesh can be extended to the mortise, and the extended end of the steel bar is deformed into a "U" shape.

[0025] In order to better implement the present invention, further, a steel bar at a corresponding position in the steel mesh can be extended into the tenon, and the extended end of the steel bar is deformed into a "T" shape.

[0026] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a construction method of modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection bricks, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 1. Waterproof construction of basement exterior wall;

[0028] Step 2. Preparation of prefabricated protective bricks, combining extruded board with fine stone concrete and internally provided with steel mesh, to form a modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protective brick as described in any one of the above;

[0029] Step 3. Base treatment: clean the surface of the basement exterior wall to ensure that the base is flat, clean and solid, and repair and level any uneven parts;

[0030] Step 4. Draw lines. According to the actual design requirements and the specifications of the extruded board, draw horizontal and vertical control lines on the wall to determine the pasting position of the extruded board;

[0031] Step 5. Prepare the adhesive. According to actual needs, mix the powder and liquid of the adhesive and stir them evenly to the required consistency;

[0032] Step 6. Paste and mortise and tenon joints,

[0033] Apply the prepared adhesive on the back of the prefabricated protective bricks, and the application area should reach 40%-60% of the board area. Starting from the corner or bottom of the wall, stick the prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) coated with adhesive on the wall according to the elastic line position, and gently squeeze them with your hands or a rubber hammer to make them fit tightly with the base layer;

[0034] At the same time, the tenons and mortises of the prefabricated protective bricks are butted together to ensure that the basement exterior walls can fit tightly when spliced;

[0035] Step 7. When processing the joint gap, use sealing materials to ensure that the gap is filled tightly and there is no leakage risk;

[0036] Step 8. Inspection and repair,

[0037] After pasting is completed, check the flatness and verticality of the prefabricated protective bricks and the treatment of the board joints between the prefabricated protective bricks, and trim the parts according to actual needs.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. The present invention, data aspects: the prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) are made of 40mm thick extruded board combined with 20mm thick C20 grade fine stone concrete, and are equipped with φ6 spacing 100*100mm steel mesh to ensure that the prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) are high in strength and impact resistant. The length and width of the prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) can be made into 600mm*600mm or 1200mm*600mm to ensure that the quality of a single component is controlled within 20kg, so as to facilitate manual handling and installation operations more quickly. The edges of the prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) are set with mortise and tenon joints according to the module to ensure that two adjacent prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) are tightly combined after being spliced ​​through mortise and tenon joints.

[0040] 2. The present invention, structural aspects: Compared with the traditional extruded board plus sintered brick waterproof protective layer, this method has obvious advantages in structure. It has excellent physical properties, is not easily damaged by stone impact during earth backfilling, can effectively resist the impact of external impact on the building structure, and has higher safety. It has good tensile strength, is formed through physical cross-linking, and is firmly bonded to the waterproof layer with the help of adhesives to form a closed protection with high overall strength. Even during earth backfilling, it is not easy to fall off due to the pulling force of the earth, which greatly reduces the loss. In addition, this method has the characteristics of light weight and high strength, and has a high durability. The prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) can form a long-term protective isolation for the waterproof layer and have an auxiliary waterproofing function, providing a reliable waterproof guarantee for the building structure, and further enhancing the stability and durability of the basement building structure.

[0041] 3. The present invention, manufacturing: using molds in the factory to mass produce prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks), strictly controlling the quality and dimensional accuracy. After production, the prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) are maintained to ensure that their strength and impact resistance meet the requirements.

[0042] 4. The present invention, construction and installation: After the waterproof construction of the basement exterior wall is completed, the installation of prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) begins. The prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) are installed one by one to the corresponding positions of the exterior wall by mechanical lifting or manual handling, and fixed by mortise and tenon joints and adhesives to ensure firmness and reliability. Adjacent prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) should be closely spliced ​​to avoid gaps.

[0043] 5. The present invention improves installation efficiency: after protective bricks are combined with extruded boards and prefabricated into modular components, they can be directly assembled during installation, greatly reducing complex processes such as on-site paving and masonry, effectively shortening construction time and improving installation efficiency.

[0044] 6. The present invention reduces construction costs: the prefabrication method reduces the need for on-site material processing and reduces labor costs. At the same time, the rapid installation process also reduces the construction period, indirectly reduces management costs and other expenses, and reduces construction costs as a whole.

[0045] 7. The present invention reduces safety risks: its standardized production ensures the consistency and stability of the brick quality, and safety hazards caused by quality problems are less likely to occur during the installation process, thereby reducing safety risks.

[0046] 8. The present invention improves the construction quality: factory prefabrication can better control the dimensional accuracy and quality, so that the protective bricks fit more closely with the basement exterior wall, improve the waterproof, moisture-proof and waterproof layer protection performance, thereby improving the construction quality;

[0047] 9. The present invention is energy-saving and environmentally friendly: prefabrication can more accurately control the amount of materials used, reduce material waste, and meet the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection. In addition, its good thermal insulation and heat preservation performance also helps to reduce building energy consumption.

[0048] 10. The present invention is promoted and applied: The modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick has a wide range of applications and can be applied to various types of underground buildings. Its standardized and modular characteristics make it easier to promote and is conducive to its wide application in the industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a prefabricated protective brick in the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another prefabricated protective brick in the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is an installation diagram of the prefabricated protective bricks and the basement exterior wall in the present invention.

[0053] In the figure: 10 - prefabricated protective bricks; 20 - basement exterior wall; 101 - fine stone concrete layer; 102 - extruded board; 103 - mortise and tenon; 104 - tenon. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0055] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0056] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0057] In the description of this application, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, if the terms "first", "second", etc. appear in the description of this application, they are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0058] In addition, if the terms "horizontal" or "vertical" appear in the description of this application, it does not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0060] Embodiment 1

[0061] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention discloses a modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick, comprising a prefabricated protection brick 10, wherein the prefabricated protection brick 10 is composed of a fine stone concrete layer 101 and an extruded board 102 in the height direction, and a steel mesh is embedded in the fine stone concrete layer 101 or between the fine stone concrete layer 101 and the extruded board 102;

[0062] The four side walls of the prefabricated protective brick 10 are composed of a first group of adjacent side walls of one adjacent side wall and a second group of adjacent side walls of another adjacent side wall.

[0063] A first group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protection bricks 10 are provided with mortises 103 , and a second group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protection bricks 10 are provided with tenons 104 matching the mortises 103 .

[0064] The design of the prefabricated protective brick 10 formed by the fine stone concrete layer 101, the extruded board 102 and the steel mesh can, on the one hand, better control the dimensional accuracy and quality of the factory prefabrication, so that the prefabricated protective brick 10 can fit more closely with the basement outer wall 20; on the other hand, ensure that the prefabricated protective brick 10 has high strength and impact resistance. Through the design of the mortise 103 and the tenon 104, the edge of the prefabricated protective brick 10 is provided with a mortise and tenon joint according to the module, ensuring that two adjacent prefabricated protective bricks 10 are tightly combined after being spliced ​​through the mortise and tenon joint.

[0065] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the prefabricated protective brick 10 is in a rectangular or cube shape.

[0066] When the prefabricated protective brick 10 is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape,

[0067] The first group of adjacent side walls of the prefabricated protective brick 10 is located on one side of the short side of the prefabricated protective brick 10 and has one mortise 103 located in the middle position, and the first group of adjacent side walls is located on one side of the long side of the prefabricated protective brick 10 and has two mortise 103 arranged symmetrically in the direction of the long side of the prefabricated protective brick 10;

[0068] The second group of adjacent side walls of the prefabricated protective brick 10 is located on one side of the short side of the prefabricated protective brick 10 and has one tenon 104 located in the middle position, and the second group of adjacent side walls is located on one side of the long side of the prefabricated protective brick 10 and has two tenons 104 symmetrically arranged in the direction of the long side of the prefabricated protective brick 10;

[0069] Furthermore, the two mortises 103 on the long sides of the prefabricated protection brick 10 correspond one to one with the two tenons 104 on the long sides of the prefabricated protection brick 10;

[0070] When the prefabricated protective brick 10 is in a cube shape,

[0071] The first group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protection bricks 10 are each provided with a mortise 103 located at a middle position;

[0072] The second group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protective bricks 10 are each provided with a tenon 104 that matches the mortise 103 and is located at a middle position.

[0073] The prefabricated protection bricks 10 are designed to be rectangular or cube-shaped, so as to adapt to the installation conditions of the basement outer wall 20 .

[0074] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, when the prefabricated protection brick 10 is in a rectangular shape, the length of the long side of the prefabricated protection brick 10 is 1200 mm, the length of the short side is 600 mm, the distance between the mortise edges of the two mortises 103 on the long side of the prefabricated protection brick 10 is 680 mm, and the distance from the notch of any one of the two mortises 103 on the long side of the prefabricated protection brick 10 to the corresponding adjacent and adjacent side edge is 200 mm;

[0075] When the prefabricated protective brick 10 is in a cube shape,

[0076] The lengths of the four sides of the prefabricated protection brick 10 are all 600 mm.

[0077] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the mortise 103 is a dovetail groove, the height of which is 80 mm, the width of the top groove is 60 mm, the width of the bottom is 100 mm, and the angles formed between the bottom surface of the dovetail groove and the two inner side walls of the dovetail groove are equal;

[0078] The tenon 104 is a connection block matching the dovetail groove, with a top width of 100 mm, a bottom width of 60 mm, a height of 80 mm, and equal angles formed between the top surface of the connection block and the two side walls of the connection block.

[0079] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in this embodiment, the fine stone concrete layer 101 is C20, with a thickness of 20 mm, the extruded board 102 is 40 mm thick, and the steel mesh is a plurality of steel bars with a diameter of 6 mm, which are arranged in a mutually perpendicular and crisscross manner to form a grid with a spacing of 100*100 mm (length*width) between two adjacent steel bars. Among them, the longitudinally arranged steel bars can be parallel to any side, and the transversely arranged steel bars are perpendicular to the side.

[0080] Through the design of parameters such as materials and dimensions, the quality of a single component is ensured to be controlled within 20kg, which facilitates manual handling and installation operations in scenarios where mechanical handling is not applicable.

[0081] During the production process, the extruded board 102 is first placed at the bottom of the groove of the mold (a groove is provided on the upper surface of the mold, and the shape of the groove is consistent with the outer contour of the prefabricated protective brick 10), and then fine stone concrete is poured, and the fine stone concrete on the side facing the extruded board 102 is fully in contact with the extruded board 102 (in this process, an existing mature adhesive can be added to further improve the connection between the fine stone concrete layer 101 and the extruded board 102), and the fine stone concrete on the side facing the fine stone concrete layer 101 is flush with the mold groove and compacted. At the same time, a steel mesh is laid on the extruded board in advance, or a steel mesh is placed during the pouring of the fine stone concrete, thereby enhancing the integrity and strength of the structure.

[0082] In this embodiment, a steel bar at a corresponding position in the steel mesh can extend to the mortise 103 , and the extended end of the steel bar is deformed into a "U" shape, and the "U"-shaped steel bar matches the shape of the mortise 103 .

[0083] The extension end of a steel bar is deformed into a "U" shape to enhance the strength and impact resistance of the mortise 103.

[0084] In this embodiment, a steel bar at a corresponding position in the steel mesh can extend into the tenon 104, and the extended end of the steel bar is deformed into a "T" shape.

[0085] The extension end of a steel bar is deformed into a "T" shape to enhance the strength and impact resistance of the tenon 104.

[0086] In this embodiment, the extruded board 102 has multiple and independent casting connection channels inside (the number of casting connection channels can be 2 to 3 times the total number of mortise 103 and tenon 104), and the channel openings at both ends of the casting connection channel extend to the surface of the extruded board 102 facing the fine stone concrete layer 101, and 4 to 9 reinforcing wires (for example, carbon fiber wires) are placed in the casting connection channel and bonded or bundled together in the middle, and these reinforcing wires fill the casting connection channel (the diameter of the casting connection channel and the thickness of the reinforcing wires are determined according to the actual connection strength requirements) to avoid The reinforcing wire slides easily, and both ends of the reinforcing wire extend out of the casting connection channel and are randomly distributed between the fine stone concrete layer 101 and the extruded board 102. The length of the part of the reinforcing wire extending out of the casting connection channel is 200mm to 300mm. When the fine stone concrete on the side facing the extruded board 102 is fully in contact and combined with the extruded board 102, the fine stone concrete fills the gap between the casting connection channel and the reinforcing wire. At the same time, the fine stone concrete and the reinforcing wire extending out of the casting connection channel are mixed and cast into one piece, and the connection strength between the fine stone concrete layer 101 and the extruded board 102 is further strengthened after molding.

[0087] Furthermore, when the steel mesh is embedded between the fine stone concrete layer 101 and the extruded board 102, the reinforcing wire extending out of the casting connection channel passes through the steel mesh and is randomly distributed, and then mixed with the fine stone concrete to be cast into an integral body, thereby further strengthening the connection strength between the fine stone concrete layer 101 and the extruded board 102.

[0088] Embodiment 2

[0089] A construction method of modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection bricks, comprising the following steps:

[0090] Step 1. Waterproof construction of the basement exterior wall 20;

[0091] Step 2. Preparation of prefabricated protective bricks 10, combining extruded board with fine stone concrete and adding steel mesh inside to form a modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protective brick as described in any one of the first embodiments;

[0092] Step 3. Base treatment: clean the surface of the basement outer wall 20 to ensure that the base is flat, clean and solid, and repair and level the uneven parts;

[0093] Step 4. Draw lines. According to the actual design requirements and the specifications of the extruded board, draw horizontal and vertical control lines on the wall to determine the pasting position of the extruded board;

[0094] Step 5. Prepare the adhesive. According to actual needs, mix the powder and liquid of the adhesive and stir them evenly to the actual required consistency (the consistency is determined by the actual environmental requirements for the prefabricated protective bricks 10 and the basement exterior wall 20. Of course, existing adhesives can also be selected);

[0095] Step 6. Paste and mortise and tenon joints,

[0096] Apply the prepared adhesive on the back of the prefabricated protective brick 10, and the application area should reach 40%-60% of the board area. Starting from the corner or bottom of the wall, stick the prefabricated components (prefabricated protective bricks) coated with adhesive on the wall according to the elastic line position, and gently squeeze them with your hands or a rubber hammer to make them fit tightly with the base. At the same time, butt the tenons and mortises of the prefabricated protective bricks 10 together to ensure that the basement exterior wall 20 can be tightly sealed when spliced;

[0097] Step 7. When processing the joint gap, use sealing materials to ensure that the gap is filled tightly and there is no leakage risk. For example, use waterproof sealant to seal the gap, and perform a waterproof test after sealing to check the sealing effect.

[0098] Step 8. Inspection and repair,

[0099] After the pasting is completed, check the pasting flatness and verticality of the prefabricated protection bricks 10 and the treatment of the board joints between the prefabricated protection bricks 10, and trim the parts according to actual needs.

[0100] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick, characterized in that: comprising prefabricated protective bricks (10), The prefabricated protective brick (10) is composed of a fine stone concrete layer (101) and an extruded board (102) in the height direction, and a steel mesh is embedded in the fine stone concrete layer (101) or between the fine stone concrete layer (101) and the extruded board (102); The four side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protective brick (10) are composed of a first group of adjacent side wall surfaces of one adjacent side wall surface and a second group of adjacent side wall surfaces of another adjacent side wall surface. A first group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protection bricks (10) are provided with mortises (103), and a second group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protection bricks (10) are provided with tenons (104) matching the mortises (103).

2. The modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated protective brick (10) is in the shape of a cuboid or a cube. When the prefabricated protective brick (10) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, The first group of adjacent side walls of the prefabricated protective brick (10) is located on one side of the short side of the prefabricated protective brick (10) and has one mortise (103) located in the middle position, and the first group of adjacent side walls is located on one side of the long side of the prefabricated protective brick (10) and has two mortise (103) arranged symmetrically in the direction of the long side of the prefabricated protective brick (10); The second group of adjacent side walls of the prefabricated protective brick (10) is located on one side of the short side of the prefabricated protective brick (10) and has one tenon (104) located in the middle position, and the second group of adjacent side walls is located on one side of the long side of the prefabricated protective brick (10) and has two tenons (104) symmetrically arranged in the direction of the long side of the prefabricated protective brick (10); Furthermore, the two mortises (103) on the long side of the prefabricated protection brick (10) correspond one to one with the two tenons (104) on the long side of the prefabricated protection brick (10); When the prefabricated protective brick (10) is in a cube shape, A first group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protective bricks (10) are each provided with a mortise (103) located at a middle position; The second group of adjacent side wall surfaces of the prefabricated protective brick (10) are each provided with a tenon (104) matching the mortise (103) and located at a middle position.

3. The modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the prefabricated protective brick (10) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, The long side length of the prefabricated protection brick (10) is 1200 mm, the short side length is 600 mm, the distance between the mortise edges of the two mortises (103) on the long side of the prefabricated protection brick (10) is 680 mm, and the distance from the notch of any one of the two mortises (103) on the long side of the prefabricated protection brick (10) to the corresponding adjacent side edge is 200 mm; When the prefabricated protective brick (10) is in a cube shape, The lengths of the four sides of the prefabricated protective brick (10) are all 600 mm.

4. The modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick according to claim 3 is characterized by: The mortise (103) is a dovetail groove, the height of which is 80 mm, the width of the top groove is 60 mm, the width of the bottom is 100 mm, and the angles formed between the inner bottom surface of the dovetail groove and the two inner side walls of the dovetail groove are equal; The tenon (104) is a connection block matching the dovetail groove, with a top width of 100 mm, a bottom width of 60 mm, a height of 80 mm, and equal angles formed between the top surface of the connection block and the two side walls of the connection block.

5. The modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fine stone concrete layer (101) is C20 graded and has a thickness of 20 mm. The extruded board (102) is 40 mm thick. The steel mesh is made of a plurality of steel bars with a diameter of 6 mm, which are arranged in a mutually perpendicular and crisscross manner to form a grid with a spacing of 100*100 mm between two adjacent steel bars.

6. The modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick according to claim 5, characterized in that: A steel bar at a corresponding position in the steel mesh can be extended to the mortise (103), and the extended end of the steel bar is deformed into a "U" shape.

7. The modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection brick according to claim 5, characterized in that: A steel bar at a corresponding position in the steel mesh can extend into the tenon (104), and the extended end of the steel bar is deformed into a "T" shape.

8. A construction method for modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protection bricks, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Waterproofing construction of step 1.20; Step 2. Preparation of prefabricated protective bricks (10), combining extruded board with fine stone concrete and internally provided with steel mesh, to form a modular prefabricated basement exterior wall protective brick as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; Step 3. Base treatment: clean the surface 20 degrees to ensure that the base is flat, clean and solid, and repair and level the uneven parts; Step 4. Draw lines. According to the actual design requirements and the specifications of the extruded board, draw horizontal and vertical control lines on the wall to determine the pasting position of the extruded board; Step 5. Prepare the adhesive. According to actual needs, mix the powder and liquid of the adhesive and stir them evenly to the required consistency; Step 6. Paste and mortise and tenon joints, Apply the prepared adhesive on the back of the prefabricated protective brick (10), and the application area should reach 40%-60% of the board area. Starting from the corner or the bottom of the wall, stick the prefabricated component (prefabricated protective brick) coated with the adhesive on the wall according to the position of the spring line, and gently squeeze it with your hands or a rubber hammer to make it fit tightly with the base layer; At the same time, the tenons and mortises of the prefabricated protective bricks (10) are butted together to ensure that they fit tightly together when spliced; Step 7. When processing the joint gap, use sealing materials to ensure that the gap is filled tightly and there is no leakage risk; Step 8. Inspection and repair, After the pasting is completed, the pasting flatness and verticality of the prefabricated protection bricks (10) and the treatment of the board seams between the prefabricated protection bricks (10) are checked, and the parts are trimmed according to actual needs.

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