Novel transponder scene application and aircraft ground guide operation method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel transponder scene application and aircraft ground guide operation method and system, belongs to the field of rail transit, low-altitude economy and aviation, and realizes train and garage interlocking by utilizing train-ground two-way communication of a novel transponder, and realizes train-mounted display of a signal machine and train position acquisition on the ground. Through short-distance wireless communication constructed by combining the ground and vehicle-mounted / airborne equipment of the novel transponder, wireless communication between the ground and an aircraft is realized, positioning and position tracking of the aircraft are realized, and interaction information state data between a vehicle and the ground or between the aircraft and the ground is realized, so that a higher-grade and more intelligent function is realized; the method can be applied to a specific scene of rail transit, is more convenient for realizing specific functions or improving specific function performance, can be applied to ground guide aircraft operation of aviation aircrafts or low-altitude aircrafts, and improves operation efficiency and intelligent level on the premise of ensuring safety by referring to interlocking logic and block control strategies of railways.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of rail transit, low-altitude economy and aviation. It utilizes the two-way vehicle-ground communication of a new type of transponder to realize the interlocking of a train and a garage, realize the on-board display of a signal locomotive and the acquisition of the train position by the ground. It utilizes the short-range wireless communication constructed by the combination of ground and vehicle-mounted / aircraft-mounted equipment of the new type of transponder, thereby realizing wireless communication between the ground and an aircraft, realizing the positioning and position tracking of the aircraft, and realizing the interactive information status data between the vehicle and the ground or the aircraft and the ground, thereby realizing more advanced and intelligent functions. It can be applied to specific scenarios of rail transit to facilitate the realization of specific functions or to improve the performance of specific functions. It can be applied to the ground to guide the operation of aviation aircraft or low-altitude aircraft, and refer to the interlocking logic and block control strategy of the railway to improve the operation efficiency and intelligence level under the premise of ensuring safety. Background Art

[0002] The existing train control system equipment is of various types, difficult to maintain, and high cost. It is difficult to achieve automatic driving, and it is difficult to interconnect the systems. By simplifying the train control equipment, using unified general equipment to build the train control system and supporting automatic driving and unmanned station management, a reliable, low-maintenance, and relatively mature technology is needed to achieve two-way communication between the train and the ground, train positioning, train occupancy and integrity checks, vehicle information management, etc., as well as train operation control systems and vehicle management systems built using this technology.

[0003] The operation of ground airport systems is complex, including key facilities such as runways, taxiways, and service lanes, which are intersected at level. Protective measures need to be taken to improve the reliability and safety of aircraft ground operations. Existing aircraft ground guidance operations are mostly manual, through voice commands from the platform and ground indicator lights or manual guidance, which are inefficient and prone to accidents. Therefore, new methods are needed to optimize aircraft taxi paths, improve aircraft ground operation efficiency, and ensure the reliability and safety of aircraft ground operations.

[0004] After patent search, the patents that are related to this invention mainly include the following patents: The Chinese invention patent with application number "CN202311733807.1", application date "2023.12.15", publication number "CN117622275A", publication date "2024.03.01", name "A railway crossing safety protection device and method based on intelligent perception", and applicant "CASCO Signal Co., Ltd.", the present invention provides a railway crossing safety protection device and method based on intelligent perception, the safety protection device includes a crossing device subsystem, a control terminal subsystem and a vehicle-mounted terminal subsystem. The crossing device subsystem includes a radar component and a camera component for monitoring the crossing, and a crossing execution component installed at the crossing to make the crossing in a closed state or an open state; the control terminal subsystem is used to read the crossing monitoring information and control the crossing execution component to open or close the crossing; the vehicle-mounted terminal subsystem includes a locomotive information reading component for reading the position and speed information of the locomotive where the vehicle-mounted terminal subsystem is located. The railway crossing safety protection device and method based on intelligent perception of the present invention adopts a perception method that integrates radar and visual cameras, and has the advantages of wide detection range and high detection accuracy. Through the complementarity of the two perception methods of radar and visual cameras, accurate detection can be achieved in all weather conditions and in various severe weather environments.

[0005] The Chinese invention patent with application number "CN202010511326.6", application date "2020.06.08", publication number "CN111667831A", publication date "2020.09.15", name "Aircraft ground guidance system and method based on semantic recognition of controller instructions", and applicant "Civil Aviation University of China", is a system and method for aircraft ground guidance based on semantic recognition of controller instructions. The system includes a semantic recognition module, a path generation and GIS mapping module, and an aircraft guidance terminal module; the advantages of the invention are: it can effectively prevent accidents and accident signs caused by human factors in the control and dispatch process, and greatly improve the safety of aircraft ground operations. There is no need for manual operation of the aircraft guidance vehicle, which can greatly reduce the construction cost, transformation cost, maintenance cost and operating cost. It is suitable for airport control needs, forming a highly reliable, low-fault, economical and practical airport control decision support system and an aircraft ground guidance system in the airport flight area, so as to improve the safety of aircraft ground operations.

[0006] The Chinese invention patent with application number "CN202311493426.0", application date "2023.11.09", publication number "CN117533510A", publication date "2024.02.09", name "A kind of aircraft berth guidance system and method based on HUD and machine vision", and applicant "Luoyang Electro-Optical Equipment Research Institute of China Aviation Industry Corporation" provides an aircraft berth guidance system and guidance method based on HUD and machine vision technology, which belongs to the field of machine vision, HUD technology and aircraft scene guidance, including a HUD combiner component, a HUD projection and calculation component, wherein a plurality of cameras and radars are installed on the combiner, and the combiner sends the detected external information to the HUD projection and calculation component, and the HUD projection and calculation component calculates the distance and azimuth deviation from the target berth according to the characteristics and projects them onto the combination mirror of the HUD combiner component. The use of this system and method can assist pilots in taxiing the aircraft on the taxiway and accurately parking the aircraft, and can cope with complex weather conditions, improving parking efficiency. It can enhance, optimize or replace the work content of aircraft guides, ground guide vehicles and automatic parking equipment at the airport, and the additional cost required to use this system is relatively low, with significant application benefits of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0007] The above patents, such as the control of railway crossings, are implemented by using image and radar recognition algorithms. The algorithms are complex and the recognition success rate needs to be improved. For example, the ground guidance of aircraft uses a voice recognition algorithm to guide ground operations, which cannot be intelligent. The HUD and machine vision technology can only achieve detection and prompts, but cannot realize communication and position tracking functions. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the defects in the prior art and propose a combination of on-board and ground equipment based on a new transponder system (or transponder axle counting device), adopt new technologies to optimize performance, and apply it to various scenarios and systems of rail transit, and to ground taxiing control of aircraft, etc. At the same time, the taxiing control of aircraft, etc. can refer to the interlocking and blocking control strategies of rail transit to improve operating efficiency and safety and reliability.

[0009] The functions realized by the new transponder system can be referred to patents (CN 2023114332980, CN202310214326.3, CN202211216276.4, CN 202310164595.3, CN202211608887.3, CN202211114178.X, CN202210984166.6, CN202111035613.5, CN 202310573756.4, CN202310847064.4, CN202310896016.4, CN202310987740.8, CN202311082222.8, CN2024105781114).

[0010] The new transponder uses an approach that could be applied to inductive loops, beacons and other devices.

[0011] The new transponder can be used for interlocking control of garage doors, which is achieved through the functions of two-way communication between vehicle and ground, train positioning and train position tracking provided by the new transponder.

[0012] After LEU is cancelled, the ground control equipment obtains the train position through the downlink, and obtains the ground transponder number that the train passes by (the ground transponder number corresponding to the communication channel configured in advance by the ground control equipment; or the ground transponder has an encoding function, which can integrate the transponder encoding information when re-encoding the downlink data). The ground control equipment then obtains the specific kilometer address by querying the ground transponder's coding and link information, obtains the train position and realizes train position tracking.

[0013] The on-board transponder can receive the status of the signal ahead through the uplink transponder data, which can be displayed on the light display in the driver's cab (after the on-board train control equipment fails) to guide the operation of trains, shunting, etc.

[0014] When a fixed-wing aircraft is taxiing (or being towed by a tractor) from a parking position to a runway holding position / runway entrance before takeoff, or from a runway exit / rapid exit to a parking position after landing, or when taxiing (or being towed by a tractor) from a hangar to a parking position or from a parking position to a hangar, the aircraft needs to transfer and taxi within the airport. It is necessary to taxi or be towed to the corresponding position quickly, accurately, reliably and safely along a predetermined path, while avoiding head-on collisions, side collisions, rear-end collisions, intersection collisions, etc. with other aircraft, service vehicles, personnel, etc.

[0015] The paths of aircraft ground taxiing or tow taxiing and guide vehicle operation include runways and taxiways and the level intersections between them. Currently, aircraft operate with their front wheels aligned with the middle guide line or light of the taxiway. Towing vehicles and guide vehicles operate with the middle guide line or light of the road when performing missions. Small fixed-wing aircraft, towing vehicles and guide vehicles (non-mission) can operate in the middle of one side of a two-way lane. Each operating object operates according to a predetermined route, which can be similar to the operation of rail vehicles on tracks.

[0016] The aircraft, tractor or guide vehicle follows the middle guide line or light, or runs in the middle of the lane. The electronic guidance and tracking technology of the rubber-wheeled train can be used to prevent deviation from the guide line, referring to the rail transit optical guidance technology and patents CN202310281599X and CN2023105308395.

[0017] The interlocking relationship and control strategy of the signal machines, turnouts and approaches of railway stations or yards can be referred to, and the block control strategy of the reference railway lines can be integrated. The runway entrances and exits can be regarded as the section main lines (different runways correspond to different section entrances and exits, and take-off and landing correspond to up and down lines), the taxiway can be regarded as the track in the throat area of ​​the station (going to the parking space corresponds to entering the station, and going to the runway corresponds to leaving the station), and the intersection can be regarded as a turnout without a switch (as long as the corresponding aircraft, etc. is allowed to pass through the crossing and it is opened, the switch can be considered to have arrived at the corresponding position), and signals can be set up in the taxi waiting area and other waiting areas (such as indicating the permission of the corresponding path through the crossing). The passing status) can indicate the direction of passing through the crossing and whether passing is allowed and the passing indication; the taxiways of adjacent crossings can be divided into blocked sections and corresponding signals can be set to indicate the number of free sections or the scope of movement authorization; virtual signals can be set, the taxiing path can be regarded as the approach, the aircraft from the parking position to the runway waiting position can be compared to launching, the aircraft from the landing runway to the runway exit to the parking position can be compared to picking up the aircraft, the transfer of the aircraft within the airport can be compared to transfer operations, the taxiing of the aircraft between the airport and the hangar can be compared to storage management, the parking position can be set as a dead-end track, and the aircraft being towed by a cart from the parking position to the taxiway can be compared to shunting, etc.

[0018] For routes and crossings where there are conflicts between different aircraft or service vehicles, they can be protected through access and interlocking logic. The division of crossing resource ranges should ensure sufficient space for the safe passage of aircraft, etc., and there should be no conflict with aircraft in other adjacent resources.

[0019] The taxiway between adjacent intersections can be divided into different blocked sections by using position tracking equipment or positioning equipment of the taxiing objects, such as new transponder equipment, or can be divided as a whole into one zone; position detection equipment and positioning equipment for aircraft, etc. can be placed at each entrance between taxiways and at the intersection between taxiways and runways; position detection equipment and positioning equipment for aircraft, etc. can be placed at each exit; for the overlapping intersections of entrances and exits of taxiways, one set of position detection equipment and positioning equipment can be used to detect the entry and exit of aircraft, etc.; redundant equipment can be arranged at each detection point.

[0020] The ground control equipment can use transponder axle counting equipment to identify and track the aircraft, tractor or service vehicle, thereby realizing block control similar to rail transit; the aircraft, tractor or guide vehicle may run in two directions on the taxiway at different times, and the transponder axle counting equipment can identify the running direction of the object, and support the position tracking function of the object in these two modes. The implementation of position tracking and positioning refers to the relevant patents of new transponders; the aircraft can receive the preset positioning + real-time wireless communication to report the position of the aircraft to the ground control equipment, thereby indirectly realizing the position tracking of the aircraft, and realizing fixed block control to prevent the aircraft from crossing the boundary, speeding, entering the wrong taxiway, etc.; continuous positioning + real-time wireless communication that can be achieved by aircraft, etc. can realize mobile block control, referring to the urban rail CBTC system, at this time, the fixed block method can be used as a guarantee or backup for the safe operation of the aircraft.

[0021] By uniformly numbering and managing the airport's runways and taxiways, parking spaces, lines in hangars, crossings, and blocked sections that divide taxiways, the status of these resources (idle, normally occupied, faulty occupied, occupancy lost) is uniformly managed by ground control equipment such as ground taxi control equipment. The ground control equipment (ATC system or ground taxi control equipment) tracks the positions of various aircraft, locates personnel, and interacts with the air traffic control system to obtain the information of sending and receiving aircraft and the status of ground line resources such as runway status and road maintenance status.

[0022] The ground line resource status can be displayed in the ground control dispatch room. The resource occupancy of taxiway / block partitions and crossings between crossings can be displayed with red light bands. Equipment failures can be displayed with other warning colors such as flashing red. The setting of routes can refer to the dispatching of rail transit stations (reference position points can be set for line resources such as runways, taxiways, crossings, parking spaces, hangars, etc. The reference position points can be set at the beginning and end of the section. The starting and end points are selected for the setting of routes. When generating routes, aircraft should be avoided from being parked at crossings, runways, etc.). The setting of routes needs to comprehensively consider the resource status of runway and taxiway divisions, crossings, etc., and according to the idle status of resources, personnel location, etc. , aircraft priority, etc., to establish a route. Once the route is established, the relevant resources shall be locked to prevent it from being used by other routes and avoid conflicts. After the route is locked, other routes will not be allowed to use the route resources. The resources can be used only after the locked route is unlocked to avoid conflicts between aircraft, service vehicles, and personnel. The ground control equipment can send speed limit information and temporary speed limit information to aircraft according to the line status. Aircraft and other on-board equipment control the aircraft and other equipment according to the instructions received (driving permission, speed limit information, etc.). The airborne / on-board equipment can guide manual operation through the host signal display or directly display it on the airborne equipment through the mobile authorization range.

[0023] At the intersections between runways and taxiways, transponder ground equipment can be arranged at each intersection, and redundant arrangements can be made. Two or more equipment points can be arranged in sequence at each intersection (each equipment point can be redundant) to achieve position tracking of aircraft and service vehicles, and then achieve interlocking control of intersections, signal machines or virtual signal machines, and approaches (authorized operating paths); runway exit / quick exit-parking position (pick-up approach), parking position-runway waiting position (launch approach), aircraft transfer within the airport can be compared to transfer routes, and aircraft at the airport can be compared to transfer routes. The operation between hangars is compared to the warehouse management route, and the reverse movement of the aircraft at the parking position (driven by a tractor) is compared to the shunting route. The ground control equipment arranges the route according to the status of the route-related line resources and the priority of the task. Once the route is arranged, the overall line resources including the crossing can be unlocked only after the object walks out of the end of the route and confirms it, or the resources that have passed can be unlocked only after the object has passed the line resources; the overall taxiing task can be decomposed into reasonable short-route passage methods, and short routes can be arranged according to the proximity of line resources or task priority to improve resource utilization.

[0024] Before the aircraft lands, the air traffic control system interacts with the ground taxi control system to determine whether the runway and runway exit, related taxiways and related resource status are idle, and lock the occupation and lock management of the runway-related crossing resources and the closure of the runway entrance, etc. After the aircraft lands and enters the taxiway, the ground taxi control equipment should accurately and timely track the train position and set up subsequent related routes, unlock the occupation status of runway-related resources, etc. Aircraft position tracking equipment and positioning equipment such as transponder axle counting equipment can be arranged at the runway exit / rapid exit to achieve train position tracking and taxi route arrangement, and the transponder axle counting equipment and wireless communication redundant transmission can be used to move authorization, transmit or identify the position; before the aircraft enters the runway from the runway waiting position and takes off, the ground taxi control system ensures that the runway-related crossing resources are idle and locked during takeoff, and status interaction can be achieved through communication between the air traffic control and the ground guidance control system.

[0025] People on the airport runway and taxiway can be located in a variety of ways. Ground control equipment should consider personnel safety when setting up routes for aircraft, etc. When there is a danger to people, the route resource is not allowed to be opened (that is, the route including the route resource at this location is not allowed to be processed), or it will be downgraded to manual observation of low-speed / speed-limited passage and prompting onboard personnel to pay attention to personal safety and prompting ground personnel to pay attention to oncoming aircraft to avoid, etc.

[0026] Aircraft traveling in the same direction can maintain a safe distance based on a fixed block control method, or a mobile block method (real-time wireless communication between the aircraft or tractor or guide vehicle and the ground control equipment, and the aircraft positioning is accurate, refer to rail transit technology), and forward sensing technology (such as environmental perception, AI recognition, etc.) can be integrated to ensure a safe distance.

[0027] Aircraft running in the same direction (including aircraft combinations towed by tractors, etc.) can be operated through virtual coupling and marshaling, and can be flexibly marshaled. Aircraft / aircraft marshalings converging in different directions at the crossing can be selected as the front row by proximity priority or task priority. The leading aircraft at the rear of the marshaling operates according to the approach and movement authorization, and the following aircraft can follow and maintain a safe distance by using relative speed braking safety distance or absolute speed braking safety distance.

[0028] Disorganization can be divided into the disorganization of the leading locomotive train, the middle locomotive train and the tail locomotive train. After the disorganization of the leading locomotive train, each locomotive operates according to its own route and movement authorization, and the following locomotive trains can continue to be re-organized and operated; when the middle locomotive train is disorganized, the locomotive train in front can continue to operate according to the route and movement authorization, the middle locomotive train operates according to its own route and authorization, and the following locomotives operate according to their own route and authorization; when the tail locomotive train is disorganized, the locomotive train in front can continue to operate according to the route and movement authorization, and the tail locomotive train operates according to its own route and authorization.

[0029] At the same time, the aircraft and the service vehicle can realize positioning calibration and two-way point communication with the ground control equipment through the transponder axle counting device; the transponder axle counting device can be arranged at appropriate locations in the waiting area where the runway enters the taxiway, the parking position, and the waiting area where the taxiway enters the runway, so that continuous communication with the ground control equipment can be achieved when the aircraft stops, so as to obtain the instructions of the ground control equipment such as departure, and perform the initial positioning of the aircraft at the same time; the waiting area (including the taxi waiting area, the runway waiting area, the parking position, the apron waiting area, the docking waiting area, etc.) is accurately positioned, so that the aircraft, etc. stops directly above the transponder axle counting device, thereby ensuring that the transponder axle counting device provides real-time interaction of instructions and status between the aircraft, etc. and the ground control equipment, and can constitute redundancy with the mobile wireless communication between the airborne / vehicle-mounted equipment and the ground control equipment. The transponder axle counting device can transmit encryption keys for mobile wireless communication to ensure the security of mobile wireless communication.

[0030] The communication between the aircraft (service vehicle) and the ground control equipment realized by the transponder axle counting device can be redundant with the aircraft's wireless mobile communication or satellite communication (including low-orbit satellite communication); the redundant implementation of the aircraft's (service vehicle's) positioning and position tracking refers to the application of the transponder axle counting device in the rail transit field.

[0031] The display screen inside the aircraft, tractor or guide vehicle can show the airport map, and can simultaneously display the operating speed limit, movement authorization range, operation trajectory, turning prompts and target location, etc. The onboard equipment can issue alarms and shutdowns for speeding, crossing the zone (crossing the movement authorization range), etc., and the above information can be displayed through AR-HUD.

[0032] In order to improve the efficient taxiing of aircraft at airports, the taxiing control of aircraft can be carried out in reference to the rail transit TACS system, with aircraft / tractor / guide vehicle as the core, and adjacent operating objects can adopt direct communication (directly establish machine-to-machine communication or use the ground to achieve machine-to-ground-to-machine communication); ground equipment can be divided into ground taxiing control equipment, line resource management equipment, taxiway side controller, etc., or ground taxiing control equipment can integrate line resource management equipment and taxiway side controller, etc., airborne / vehicle-mounted control equipment forms taxiing instructions for each aircraft according to the dispatch instructions of aircraft in the airport or data interaction with the tower, and interacts with the ground resource management unit (collecting the status of ground line resources) and adjacent aircraft, etc., airborne or vehicle-mounted equipment applies for and releases line resources, mobile authorization local calculation, etc., completes the generation and release of routes, and completes the autonomous operation control of aircraft, etc.

[0033] When the aircraft is taxiing on the ground, the connection between the aircraft and the ground can be formed by integrating the ground network and the NTN network; the positioning of the aircraft during ground taxiing can adopt low-orbit satellite navigation, which can be combined with GNSS positioning and positioning base stations, and can adopt differential positioning or multi-frequency high-precision positioning methods; the methods refer to patents CN2022102349721 and CN2021111320709.

[0034] The positioning of low-altitude aircraft during airborne operation refers to patent CN2023112762240.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention belongs to the fields of rail transit, low-altitude economy and aviation, and utilizes the vehicle-ground two-way communication and positioning functions of the new transponder to be applied to rail transit. The short-range wireless communication constructed by the combination of ground and vehicle-mounted / airborne equipment of the new transponder can realize wireless communication between the ground and the aircraft, realize the positioning and position tracking of the aircraft, etc., and realize the interactive information status data between the aircraft and the ground, thereby realizing more advanced and intelligent functions. The present invention can be applied to specific scenarios of rail transit to facilitate the realization of specific functions or improve the performance of specific functions. It can be applied to the ground to guide the operation of aviation aircraft or low-altitude aircraft. At the same time, when the aircraft is taxiing on the ground, it can refer to the interlocking logic and block control of rail transit to improve the operation efficiency and intelligence level while ensuring safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure for fixed-wing aircraft taxiing control at the airport. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking control structure of fixed-wing aircraft at a crossing. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blocked zoning control implemented on the taxiway for fixed-wing aircraft, etc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: The schematic diagram of the system structure of the fixed-wing aircraft and the like in the airport taxiing control of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the taxi control at the airport intersection and the division and control of the block section are as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0038] A combination of on-board and ground equipment based on a new transponder system is proposed, and the functions of two-way communication, train positioning and train position tracking can be used for the interlocking control of garage doors.

[0039] After the ground equipment of the new transponder system cancels LEU, the ground control equipment obtains the ground transponder number of the train passing by and the ground transponder number corresponding to the communication channel configured in advance by the ground control equipment; or the ground transponder has an encoding function, which can integrate the encoding information of the transponder when re-encoding the downlink data, and then obtain the specific kilometer address by querying the coding and link information of the ground transponder. The ground control equipment obtains the train position and realizes train position tracking.

[0040] The on-board transponder equipment can receive the status of the signal ahead through the uplink transponder data, which can be displayed on the corresponding on-board equipment to guide the manual operation of trains, shunting, locomotives, etc.

[0041] The paths of aircraft ground taxiing or tow taxiing and guide vehicle operation include runways and taxiways and the level intersections between them. Currently, aircraft operate with their front wheels aligned with the middle guide line or light of the taxiway. Towing vehicles and guide vehicles operate with the middle guide line or light of the road when performing missions. Small fixed-wing aircraft, towing vehicles and guide vehicles (non-mission) can operate in the middle of one side of a two-way lane. Each operating object operates according to a predetermined route, which can be similar to the operation of rail vehicles on tracks.

[0042] The aircraft, tractor or guide vehicle follows the middle guide line or light, or runs in the middle of the lane. The electronic guidance and tracking technology of the rubber-wheeled train can be used to prevent deviation from the guide line, referring to the rail transit optical guidance technology and patents CN202310281599X and CN2023105308395.

[0043] The interlocking relationship and control strategy of the signal machines, turnouts and approaches of railway stations or yards can be referred to, and the block control strategy of the reference railway lines can be integrated. The runway entrances and exits can be regarded as the entrances and exits of the section mainline (different runways correspond to different section entrances and exits, and take-off and landing correspond to up and down), the taxiway can be regarded as the track in the throat area of ​​the station (going to the parking space corresponds to entering the station, and going to the runway corresponds to leaving the station), and the intersection can be regarded as a turnout without a switch (as long as the corresponding aircraft, etc. is allowed to pass through the crossing and it is opened, the switch can be considered to have arrived at the corresponding position), and signals can be set up in the taxi waiting area and other waiting areas (such as indicating the allowable path corresponding to the crossing). Passage-permitted status) can indicate the direction of passing through the crossing and whether passing is allowed and the passage-permitted indication; the taxiways of adjacent crossings can be divided into blocked sections and corresponding signals can be set to indicate the number of free sections or the scope of movement authorization; virtual signals can be set, the taxiway path can be regarded as the approach, the aircraft from the parking position to the runway waiting position can be compared to launching, the aircraft from the landing runway preparing to enter the runway exit to the parking position can be compared to picking up the aircraft, the transfer of the aircraft within the airport can be compared to transfer operations, the taxiing of the aircraft between the airport and the hangar can be compared to warehousing management, the parking position can be set as a dead-end track, and the aircraft being towed by a cart from the parking position to the taxiway can be compared to shunting, etc.

[0044] The runway exit / quick exit-parking position (pick-up route), parking position-runway waiting position (departure route) can be used, the transfer of aircraft within the airport can be compared to the transfer route, the operation of aircraft between the airport and the hangar can be compared to the storage management route, and the reverse movement of aircraft at the parking position (tractor drive) can be compared to the shunting route. The ground control equipment arranges the route according to the status of route-related line resources and the priority of the task. Once the route is arranged, the overall line resources including the crossing can be unlocked only after the object walks out of the end of the route and confirms it, or the line resources that have passed can be unlocked only after the object has passed the line resources; the overall taxiing task can be decomposed into reasonable short route passage methods, and the short route can be arranged according to the proximity of line resources or task priority to improve resource utilization.

[0045] For routes and crossings where there are conflicts between different aircraft or service vehicles, they can be protected through access and interlocking logic. The division of crossing resource ranges should ensure sufficient space for the safe passage of aircraft, etc., and there should be no conflict with aircraft in other adjacent resources.

[0046] like Figure 2 and Figure 3By uniformly numbering and managing the airport's runways, taxiways, parking stands, lines in hangars, crossings, and blocked sections of taxiways, the status of these resources (idle, normally occupied, faulty occupied, occupancy lost) are uniformly managed by ground control equipment such as ground taxi control equipment. The ground control equipment (ATC system or ground taxi control equipment) tracks the positions of each aircraft, guide vehicle and tractor, locates personnel, and tracks the road maintenance status and other ground line resource status, and interacts with the air traffic control system to obtain receiving and sending information and runway status.

[0047] The ground control dispatch room can display the status of ground line resources. The resource occupancy of taxiway / block partitions and crossings between crossings can be displayed with red light strips. Equipment failures can be displayed with other warning colors such as flashing red. The setting of routes can refer to the dispatching of rail transit stations. Reference position points can be set for line resources such as runways, taxiways, crossings, parking spaces, hangars, etc. The reference position points can be set at the beginning and end of the section. The starting and end points are selected for the setting of routes. When generating routes, aircraft should be avoided from being parked at crossings, runways, etc. The setting of routes needs to comprehensively consider the division of runway and taxiway sections, crossings and other resource status, and according to the idle status of resources, the location of personnel and other conditions, Routes are established based on multiple considerations such as aircraft priority. Once a route is established, related resources should be locked to prevent it from being used by other routes and avoid conflicts. After a route is locked, other routes will not be allowed to use the route resources. The resources can be used only after the locked route is unlocked to avoid conflicts between aircraft, service vehicles, and personnel. Ground control equipment can send speed limit information and temporary speed limit information to aircraft and other vehicles based on the line status. Aircraft and other on-board equipment control the aircraft and other vehicles according to the instructions received (driving permit, speed limit information, etc.). Aircraft / on-board equipment can guide manual operation through host signal display or directly display on the airborne equipment through the mobile authorization range.

[0048] At the intersections between runways and taxiways, transponder ground equipment can be arranged at each intersection entrance and exit, and two or more equipment points can be arranged in sequence at each intersection (each equipment point can be redundant) to achieve position tracking of aircraft and service vehicles, and then achieve interlocking control of intersections, traffic lights or virtual traffic lights, and approaches (authorized operating paths), and realize the warning and waiting functions of the intersection.

[0049] The taxiway between adjacent intersections can be divided into different blocked sections by using position tracking equipment or positioning equipment of the taxiing objects, such as new transponder equipment, or can be divided as a whole into one zone; position detection equipment and positioning equipment for aircraft, etc. can be placed at each entrance between taxiways and at the intersection between taxiways and runways; position detection equipment and positioning equipment for aircraft, etc. can be placed at each exit; for the overlapping intersections of entrances and exits of taxiways, one set of position detection equipment and positioning equipment can be used to detect the entry and exit of aircraft, etc.; redundant equipment can be arranged at each detection point.

[0050] The ground control equipment can use transponder axle counting equipment to identify and track the aircraft, tractor or service vehicle, thereby realizing block control similar to rail transit; the aircraft, tractor or guide vehicle may run in two directions on the taxiway at different times, and the transponder axle counting equipment can identify the running direction of the object, and support the position tracking function of the object in these two modes. The implementation of position tracking and positioning refers to the relevant patents of new transponders; the aircraft can receive the preset positioning + real-time wireless communication to report the position of the aircraft to the ground control equipment, thereby indirectly realizing the position tracking of the aircraft, and realizing fixed block control to prevent the aircraft from crossing the boundary, speeding, entering the wrong taxiway, etc.; continuous positioning + real-time wireless communication that can be achieved by aircraft, etc. can realize mobile block control, referring to the urban rail CBTC system, at this time, the fixed block method can be used as a guarantee or backup for the safe operation of the aircraft.

[0051] Before the aircraft lands, the air traffic control system interacts with the ground taxi control system to determine the runway exit and route, and the status of related resources locked, such as the lock management of the intersection resource occupancy and the closure of the runway entrance. After the aircraft lands and enters the taxiway, the ground taxi control equipment should accurately and timely track the train position and set up the subsequent related routes, unlock the occupancy status of the runway related resources, etc. Aircraft position tracking equipment and positioning equipment such as transponder axle counting equipment can be arranged at the runway exit / rapid exit to achieve train position tracking and taxi route arrangement, and the mobile authorization, transmission or identification position can be transmitted redundantly through the transponder axle counting equipment and wireless communication; before the aircraft enters the runway from the runway waiting position and takes off, the ground taxi control system shall perform the lock management of the intersection resource occupancy of the runway during takeoff, and the status interaction can be achieved through the communication between the air traffic control and the ground guidance control system.

[0052] People on the airport runway and taxiway can be located in a variety of ways. Ground control equipment should consider personnel safety when setting up routes for aircraft, etc. When there is a danger to people, the route resource is not allowed to be opened (that is, the route including the route resource at this location is not allowed to be processed), or it will be downgraded to manual observation of low-speed / speed-limited passage and prompting onboard personnel to pay attention to personal safety and prompting ground personnel to pay attention to oncoming aircraft to avoid, etc.

[0053] Aircraft traveling in the same direction can maintain a safe distance based on a fixed block control method, or a mobile block method (real-time wireless communication between the aircraft or tractor or guide vehicle and the ground control equipment, and the aircraft positioning is accurate, refer to rail transit technology), and forward sensing technology (such as environmental perception, AI recognition, etc.) can be integrated to help ensure a safe distance.

[0054] Aircraft running in the same direction (including aircraft combinations towed by tractors, etc.) can be operated through virtual coupling and marshaling, and can be flexibly marshaled. Aircraft / aircraft marshalings converging in different directions at the crossing can be selected as the front row by proximity priority or task priority. The leading aircraft at the rear of the marshaling operates according to the approach and movement authorization, and the following aircraft can follow and maintain a safe distance by using relative speed braking safety distance or absolute speed braking safety distance.

[0055] Disorganization can be divided into the disorganization of the leading locomotive train, the middle locomotive train and the tail locomotive train. After the disorganization of the leading locomotive train, each locomotive operates according to its own route and movement authorization, and the following locomotive trains can continue to be re-organized and operated; when the middle locomotive train is disorganized, the locomotive train in front can continue to operate according to the route and movement authorization, the middle locomotive train operates according to its own route and authorization, and the following locomotives operate according to their own route and authorization; when the tail locomotive train is disorganized, the locomotive train in front can continue to operate according to the route and movement authorization, and the tail locomotive train operates according to its own route and authorization.

[0056] At the same time, the aircraft and the service vehicle can realize positioning calibration and two-way point communication with the ground control equipment through the transponder axle counting device; the transponder axle counting device can be arranged at appropriate locations in the waiting area where the runway enters the taxiway, the parking position, and the waiting area where the taxiway enters the runway, so that continuous communication with the ground control equipment can be achieved when the aircraft stops, so as to obtain the instructions of the ground control equipment such as departure, and perform the initial positioning of the aircraft at the same time; the waiting area (including the taxi waiting area, the runway waiting area, the parking position, the apron waiting area, the docking waiting area, etc.) is accurately positioned, so that the aircraft, etc. stops directly above the transponder axle counting device, thereby ensuring that the transponder axle counting device provides real-time interaction of instructions and status between the aircraft, etc. and the ground control equipment, and can constitute redundancy with the mobile wireless communication between the airborne / vehicle-mounted equipment and the ground control equipment. The transponder axle counting device can transmit encryption keys for mobile wireless communication to ensure the security of mobile wireless communication.

[0057] The communication between the aircraft (service vehicle) and the ground control equipment realized by the transponder axle counting device can be redundant with the aircraft's wireless mobile communication or satellite communication (including low-orbit satellite communication); the redundant implementation of the aircraft's (service vehicle's) positioning and position tracking refers to the application of the transponder axle counting device in the rail transit field.

[0058] The display screen inside the aircraft, tractor or guide vehicle can show the airport map, and can simultaneously display the operating speed limit, movement authorization range, operation trajectory, turning prompts and target location, etc. The onboard equipment can issue alarms and shutdowns for speeding, crossing the zone (crossing the movement authorization range), etc., and the above information can be displayed through AR-HUD.

[0059] In order to improve the efficient taxiing of aircraft at airports, the taxiing control of aircraft can be carried out in reference to the rail transit TACS system, with aircraft / tractor / guide vehicle as the core, and adjacent operating objects can adopt direct communication (directly establish machine-to-machine communication or use the ground to achieve machine-to-ground-to-machine communication); ground equipment can be divided into ground taxiing control equipment, line resource management equipment, taxiway side controller, etc., or ground taxiing control equipment can integrate line resource management equipment and taxiway side controller, etc., airborne / vehicle-mounted control equipment forms taxiing instructions for each aircraft according to the dispatch instructions of aircraft in the airport or data interaction with the tower, and interacts with the ground resource management unit (collecting the status of ground line resources) and adjacent aircraft, etc., airborne or vehicle-mounted equipment applies for and releases line resources, mobile authorization local calculation, etc., completes the generation and release of routes, and completes the autonomous operation control of aircraft, etc.

[0060] When the aircraft is taxiing on the ground, the connection between the aircraft and the ground can be formed by integrating the ground network and the NTN network; the positioning of the aircraft during ground taxiing can adopt low-orbit satellite navigation, which can be combined with GNSS positioning and positioning base stations, and can adopt differential positioning or multi-frequency high-precision positioning methods.

[0061] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: utilizing the two-way communication between the vehicle and the ground of the new transponder to realize interlocking with the garage, realize the on-board display of the signal locomotive and the acquisition of the train position from the ground, utilizing the short-range wireless communication constructed by the combination of the ground and on-board / aircraft equipment of the new transponder, thereby realizing wireless communication between the ground and the aircraft, realizing the positioning and position tracking of the aircraft, and realizing the interactive information status data between the vehicle and the ground or the aircraft and the ground, thereby realizing more advanced and intelligent functions, which can be applied to specific scenarios of rail transit to facilitate the realization of specific functions or improve the performance of specific functions, and can be applied to the ground to guide the operation of aviation aircraft or low-altitude aircraft, and refer to the interlocking logic and block control strategy of the railway to improve the operation efficiency and intelligence level under the premise of ensuring safety.

[0062] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Technicians in the relevant technical field may make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method and system for applying a novel transponder scenario, characterized in that: The new transponder can be used for interlocking control between trains and garage doors. Trains are allowed to enter and exit the garage only when the garage door is fully opened. This is achieved through the two-way communication between the train and the ground, interactive instructions and status, train positioning and train position tracking functions provided by the new transponder; The on-board balise equipment can receive the status of the signal ahead through uplink balise data, which can be displayed on the corresponding on-board equipment to guide the manual operation of trains or shunting or locomotives; The ground control equipment can directly obtain the train position through the downlink from the transponder ground equipment. The ground control equipment can obtain the ground transponder number corresponding to the communication channel configured in advance by the ground control equipment, or integrate the transponder number information when re-encoding the downlink data through the encoding function of the ground transponder. The ground control equipment then obtains the specific position information by querying the number and link information of the ground transponder, that is, obtaining the train position and realizing train position tracking.

2. A method and system for the application of a novel transponder scenario and ground guidance operation of an aircraft, characterized in that: When the aircraft, tractor or guide vehicle follows the middle guide line or light, or runs in the middle of the lane, the electronic guidance and tracking technology of the rubber-wheeled train can be used to prevent deviation from the guide line, and the rail transit optical guidance technology can be used or the methods of patents CN202310281599X and CN2023105308395 can be referred to.

3. A method and system for the application of a novel transponder scenario and ground guidance operation of an aircraft, characterized in that: When an aircraft or tractor or guide vehicle is taxiing or operating at an airport, the runway can be regarded as the main line of the section, and different runway entrances and exits correspond to different section entrances and exits, and takeoff and landing correspond to up and down; the taxiway can be regarded as the track in the throat area of ​​the station, and going to the parking position corresponds to entering the station, and going to the runway corresponds to leaving the station; the intersection can be regarded as a turnout without a switch, and as long as the aircraft or service vehicle passes the intersection and the instruction is allowed and opened, the switch can be considered to have reached the corresponding position; signal machines can be set up in the taxi waiting area and other waiting areas to indicate the direction of passing the intersection and the indication of permission to pass; The taxiways at adjacent intersections can be divided into blocked sections and corresponding signals can be set to indicate the number of free sections or the scope of authorized movement. Virtual signals can be used. The allowed taxiing path can be regarded as the approach, the aircraft from the parking position to the runway waiting position can be compared to launching, the aircraft from the landing runway to the runway exit to the parking position can be compared to receiving the aircraft, the transfer of aircraft within the airport can be compared to transfer operations, the taxiing of aircraft between the airport and the hangar can be compared to storage management, the parking position can be set as a dead-end track, and the aircraft being towed by a cart from the parking position to the taxiway can be compared to shunting. For routes and crossings where there are conflicts between different aircraft or service vehicles, access and interlocking logic can be used to protect them. The division of crossing resource ranges should ensure that there is sufficient space for aircraft and service vehicles to pass safely, and there should be no conflicts with aircraft and service vehicles in other adjacent resources. The taxiway between adjacent intersections can be divided into different block sections by the position tracking equipment or positioning equipment of the taxiing object, or as a whole as a partition; the position detection equipment and positioning equipment of aircraft and service vehicles can be placed at each entrance between taxiways and at the intersection between taxiways and runways, and the position detection equipment and positioning equipment of aircraft and others can be placed at each exit. For the intersection where the entrance and exit of the taxiway overlap, a set of position detection equipment and positioning equipment can be used, which can be used to detect the entry and exit of aircraft and service vehicles; each detection point can be equipped with redundant equipment; It can refer to the interlocking relationship and control strategy of the signal machines, switches and approaches in the railway station, and can also be integrated with the block control strategy of the reference railway line.

4. The method and system for the novel transponder scenario application and aircraft ground guidance operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ground control equipment can use the transponder axle counting device to identify and track the aircraft and service vehicles. The aircraft or tractor or guide vehicle may run in two directions on the taxiway at different times. The transponder axle counting device can identify the running direction of the object and support the position tracking function of the object in two directions. The aircraft can receive the positioning of the preset position + real-time wireless communication to report the position of the aircraft to the ground control equipment, thereby indirectly realizing the position tracking of the aircraft; Aircraft and service vehicles can realize the positioning and positioning calibration of preset positions through transponder axle counting equipment, and can adopt or integrate other technologies including but not limited to image, radar, laser or AI recognition technology to realize the positioning and positioning calibration of preset positions; The implementation methods, redundancy and verification of the positioning and location tracking of aircraft and service vehicles can refer to the relevant patents of the new transponder CN 2023114332980, CN 202310214326.3, CN202211216276.4, CN 202310164595.3, CN202211608887.3, CN202211114178.X, CN202210984166.6, CN202111035613.5, CN202310573756.4, CN202310847064.4, CN202310896016.4, CN202310987740.8, CN202311082222.8, CN 2024105781114; The positioning of aircraft and service vehicles during ground taxiing can be achieved by low-orbit satellite navigation, which can be combined with GNSS positioning and positioning base stations. Differential positioning or multi-frequency high-precision positioning methods can be used, as well as other positioning methods can be integrated to achieve reliable and continuous positioning of aircraft and service vehicles and identify the direction of operation; Reliable continuous positioning + real-time wireless communication can be achieved through aircraft, traction vehicles, and guide vehicles to realize mobile block control. The specific method refers to the mobile block method of the rail transit system. At this time, fixed block can be used as a guarantee or backup for the safe operation of the controlled object; The taxiing and operation control of aircraft and service vehicles can be carried out in reference to the rail transit TACS system, with aircraft / tractor / guide vehicle as the core, and adjacent operating objects can adopt direct communication; ground equipment can be divided into ground taxiing control equipment, line resource management equipment, taxiway wayside controller, or ground taxiing control equipment can integrate the functions of line resource management equipment and taxiway wayside controller, and the airborne / vehicle-mounted control equipment forms taxiing / operation instructions according to the dispatching instructions within the airport or the data interaction with the tower, and interacts with the ground resource management unit and adjacent taxiing / operation objects. The application and release of line resources by airborne or vehicle-mounted equipment, and the calculation of mobile authorization should not conflict with aircraft and service vehicles in other adjacent resources, complete the generation and release of routes, and complete the autonomous operation control of aircraft, etc.

5. The method and system for the novel transponder scenario application and aircraft ground guidance operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: By uniformly numbering and managing airport line resources, including but not limited to runways, taxiways, parking stands, lines in hangars, crossings, and block partitions for taxiways, the line resource status is uniformly managed by ground control equipment. The ground control equipment tracks the positions of each aircraft and service vehicle, locates personnel, obtains the ground line resource status related to the road maintenance status, and interacts with the air traffic control system to obtain the information of the sending and receiving aircraft and the runway status. The ground line resource status can be displayed in the ground control and dispatching room. The taxiway / block partition between crossings and the resource occupancy of the crossing can be displayed with a red light band, and equipment failure can be displayed with other warning colors; The display screen inside the aircraft, tractor or guide vehicle can display the airport map and display information including but not limited to the speed limit, movement authorization range, operation trajectory, turn prompts and target location. The onboard equipment can issue warnings and emergency shutdowns for speeding and crossing zones, and the above information can be displayed through AR-HUD; The setting method of rail transit routes can be referred to, and reference position points can be set for runways, taxiways, crossings, parking spaces, and hangar-related line resources. The reference position points can be set at the beginning and end of the section, and the route generation is performed by selecting the beginning, optional middle, and end. When generating the route, aircraft and related objects should be avoided from being parked at crossings and runways. The setting of the route needs to comprehensively consider the division of runways and taxiways, the resource status of crossings, and establish the route based on multiple considerations such as resource idle status, personnel location status, and aircraft priority. Once the route is established, the relevant resources should be locked to prevent it from being used by other routes and avoid conflicts. After the route is locked, other routes will not be allowed to use the route resources. The resources can only be used after the locked route is unlocked, avoiding conflicts between aircraft, service vehicles, and personnel. The ground control equipment can send speed limit information, temporary speed limit, and stop information to the aircraft and related objects according to the line status. The onboard / vehicle-mounted equipment of the aircraft and related objects controls the corresponding objects to operate according to the instructions received. The onboard / vehicle-mounted equipment can guide manual operation through host signal display or directly display on the onboard equipment through the mobile authorization range.

6. The method and system for the novel transponder scenario application and aircraft ground guidance operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: Balise ground equipment can be arranged at each crossing, and can be arranged redundantly. Two or more equipment points can be arranged in sequence at each crossing, and each equipment point can be redundant, thereby realizing interlocking control of the crossing, signal machine or virtual signal machine, and approach, and realizing the warning and waiting functions of the crossing; The runway exit / quick exit-parking position can be used as the aircraft receiving route, the parking position-runway waiting position can be used as the aircraft departure route, the transfer of aircraft within the airport can be compared to the transfer route, the operation of aircraft between the airport and the hangar can be compared to the storage management route, and the towing and reverse movement of aircraft at the parking position can be compared to the shunting route. The ground control equipment arranges the route according to the status of the route-related line resources and the priority of the task. Once the route is arranged, the overall line resources including the crossing can be unlocked only after the object walks out of the end of the route and confirms it, or the resources that have passed can be unlocked only after the object has passed the line resources; Longer routes can be decomposed into reasonable short routes, and short routes can be arranged based on the proximity of line resources or task priority to improve resource utilization.

7. The method and system for the novel transponder scenario application and aircraft ground guidance operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: Before the aircraft lands, the air traffic control system interacts with the ground taxi control system to determine that the runway and runway exit, related taxiways and related resource status are idle and locked. After the aircraft lands and enters the taxiway, the ground taxi control equipment should accurately and timely track the train position and set up subsequent related routes, unlock the locked status of runway-related resource occupancy, and position tracking equipment and positioning equipment for aircraft or related control objects can be arranged at the runway exit / rapid exit to achieve train position tracking and taxi route arrangement, and mobile authorization can be transmitted redundantly through transponder axle counting equipment and wireless communication; before the aircraft enters the runway from the runway waiting position and takes off, the ground taxi control system shall ensure that the runway-related crossing resources are idle and locked during takeoff, and status interaction can be achieved through communication between the air traffic control and the ground guidance control system.

8. The method and system for the novel transponder scenario application and aircraft ground guidance operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: Ground control equipment obtains the location of personnel on the airport runway and taxiway, and personnel safety should be considered when setting the route for aircraft and related objects. When there is a danger to personnel, the route resource is not allowed to be opened, or it is downgraded to manual observation of low-speed / speed-limited passage and prompts onboard personnel to pay attention to personal safety and prompts ground personnel to pay attention to oncoming aircraft to avoid.

9. The method and system for the novel transponder scenario application and aircraft ground guidance operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: Forward sensing technology can be integrated between aircraft and related objects running in the same direction to help ensure a safe distance; Aircraft and service vehicles running in the same direction can be operated through virtual coupling marshaling, and can be flexibly marshaled. Aircraft / aircraft marshalings converging in different directions at the crossing can be selected as the front row by proximity priority or task priority. The leading aircraft after marshaling operates according to the route and movement authorization, and the following aircraft can follow and maintain a safe distance by relative speed braking safety distance or absolute speed braking safety distance; Disorganization can be divided into the disorganization of the leading locomotive train, the middle locomotive train and the tail locomotive train. After the disorganization of the leading locomotive train, each locomotive operates according to its own route and movement authorization, and the following locomotive trains can continue to be re-organized and operated; when the middle locomotive train is disorganized, the locomotive train in front can continue to operate according to the route and movement authorization, the middle locomotive train operates according to its own route and authorization, and the following locomotives operate according to their own route and authorization; when the tail locomotive train is disorganized, the locomotive train in front can continue to operate according to the route and movement authorization, and the tail locomotive train operates according to its own route and authorization.

10. The method and system for the novel transponder scenario application and aircraft ground guidance operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the aircraft and service vehicle are taxiing or operating on the ground, the aircraft and service vehicle can achieve two-way point communication with the ground control equipment through the transponder axle counting device; the communication between the aircraft and service vehicle and the ground control equipment achieved by the transponder axle counting device can be redundant with the microwave communication adopted by the aircraft and service vehicle, and the ground network and NTN network fusion network; Transponder axle counting devices can be arranged at appropriate locations in the waiting area for the runway to enter the taxiway, the parking position, and the waiting area for the taxiway to enter the runway. When the aircraft stops, continuous communication with the ground control equipment can be achieved, so that the instructions of the ground control equipment can be obtained, and the initial positioning of the aircraft can be performed at the same time; the transponder axle counting device in the waiting area can be accurately positioned so that the aircraft can be stopped directly above the transponder axle counting device, thereby ensuring that the transponder axle counting device provides real-time interaction of the instructions and status of the aircraft and the ground control equipment, and can be redundant with the mobile wireless communication between the airborne / vehicle-mounted equipment and the ground control equipment. The transponder axle counting device can transmit the encryption key of the mobile wireless communication to ensure the security of the mobile wireless communication.

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