Water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water quality tracking and monitoring, and discloses a water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system and a method thereof.The water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system comprises a data acquisition unit, a preprocessing unit, a data analysis unit, a pollution analysis unit and an early warning display unit. The water environment condition can be reflected comprehensively and accurately; abnormal value judgment and replacement are performed on the water quality data of the acquisition points and the time points, so that the reliability and the stability of the data are improved; by constructing a regional water quality vector matrix and a fixed-point water quality vector matrix, indexes such as variable coefficients are calculated from space and time dimensions, and acquisition points with local pollution or abnormal fluctuation are accurately found out; according to the invention, the system determines the pollution level, displays the abnormal collection point and the pollution level to related personnel in time, facilitates the related personnel to take countermeasures rapidly, improves the efficiency and level of water environment management, and provides powerful support for the protection and treatment of the water environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water quality tracking and monitoring, and in particular to a water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system and method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional water quality monitoring methods often have some limitations. For example, the distribution of monitoring points is limited, making it difficult to fully and accurately reflect the water quality of the entire water environment; the frequency of monitoring data collection is low, and it is impossible to capture the dynamic changes of water quality in real time; and the processing and analysis of data is relatively simple, making it difficult to deeply explore the potential information behind the data, and unable to timely and accurately detect water quality anomalies and pollution.

[0003] In addition, when pollution occurs in the water environment, it is crucial to quickly and accurately determine the polluted area, degree of pollution, and pollution level in order to take effective treatment measures. However, existing technical means are often not accurate and efficient enough in this regard and cannot meet actual needs.

[0004] Therefore, in order to monitor the water quality of the water environment more comprehensively, in real time and accurately, detect abnormal situations in time and accurately analyze and evaluate pollution, it is of great practical significance to develop a water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system and method. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system and method thereof, which solves the technical problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system and method thereof, comprising:

[0008] A data acquisition unit, used to collect water quality data in real time through a variety of sensors distributed at multiple collection points in the target water environment. The water quality data includes but is not limited to water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to turbidity;

[0009] A preprocessing unit, used for preprocessing the water quality data, determining and replacing abnormal values ​​in the water quality data through preprocessing;

[0010] A data analysis unit is used to perform variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points, and to perform variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple time points, and to determine whether each collection point is abnormal through variation analysis;

[0011] The pollution analysis unit is used to perform pollution risk analysis on each abnormal collection point and determine the pollution level of each abnormal collection point based on the analysis results;

[0012] The early warning display unit is used to display the various abnormal collection points obtained by the data analysis unit and the pollution level of each abnormal collection point determined by the pollution analysis unit to relevant personnel.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: wherein the sensor transmits the data collected from the water quality to the data acquisition unit in the form of an analog signal or a digital signal;

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the pretreatment method is as follows:

[0015] Step E1, extracting water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points;

[0016] Select a water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to a water quality characteristic;

[0017] Step E2, calculate the average value of the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to the water quality characteristics at multiple collection points;

[0018] At the same time, the standard deviation of the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to the water quality characteristic at multiple collection points is obtained;

[0019] Step E3, combine the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to this water quality characteristic at each collection point with the average value and standard deviation to determine the outliers:

[0020] Select the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to this water quality characteristic at a collection point:

[0021] If the difference between the water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to this water quality characteristic at this collection point and its average value exceeds 3 times the standard deviation, the water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to this water quality characteristic at a collection point is determined to be an outlier, and the outlier is replaced; otherwise, the collection point corresponding to this water quality characteristic is determined not to be an outlier, and the outlier is not replaced.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: in Step E3, the replacement processing method is as follows:

[0023] Obtain water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to two adjacent collection points of the water quality characteristic;

[0024] Among them, the two adjacent collection points to the corresponding collection point are the two adjacent collection points with the smallest and second smallest distance values ​​to the corresponding collection point. If the smallest distance value contains multiple collection points, two collection points are randomly selected;

[0025] Then the average value of the two water quality characteristic parameters is calculated, and then the average value is used as the replacement result of the abnormal value corresponding to the sampling point.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention, the method of performing variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points is as follows:

[0027] StepA1.1, select a time point, extract the water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points, and construct a regional water quality vector matrix;

[0028] The regional water quality vector matrix is ​​as follows:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, S0 is the regional water quality vector matrix, S ij represents the characteristic parameter vector of the i-th water quality characteristic at the j-th collection point, where i=1, 2, ...n, j=1, 2, ...m, n represents the number of all water quality characteristics, and m represents the number of all collection points;

[0031] StepA1.2, let the value of i be 1, 2, ... n;

[0032] Then, through the formula , calculate the average value of the characteristic parameter vector corresponding to the corresponding water quality characteristics at all collection points SP0 i ;

[0033] At the same time, through the formula Calculate the standard deviation SB0 of the characteristic parameter vector corresponding to the corresponding water quality characteristics at all collection points i ;

[0034] StepA1.3, then use the formula Calculate the coefficient of variation CV0 of the corresponding water quality characteristics corresponding to multiple collection points at the same time point i ;

[0035] in,

[0036] If CV0 i If the value is small, it means that the water quality characteristics vary little between different collection points and the water quality is relatively stable;

[0037] If CV0 i If it is larger, it means that the water quality characteristics fluctuate greatly at different collection points, and there may be local pollution or other special circumstances;

[0038] StepA1.4, the coefficient of variation CV0 of the corresponding water quality characteristics corresponding to multiple collection points at the same time point i Corresponding to the preset variation threshold CVy i For comparison:

[0039] If CV0 i ≤CVy i, it means that the corresponding water quality characteristics in the target water environment are relatively stable;

[0040] If CV0 i >CVy i , it means that the corresponding water quality characteristics in the target water environment fluctuate greatly;

[0041] StepA1.5, in CV0 i >CVy i When the characteristic parameter vector S corresponding to the water quality characteristics is obtained ij ;

[0042] Then through , calculate the deviation L of the water quality characteristics at each collection point ij ;

[0043] StepA1.6, then the water quality characteristics at each collection point deviation L ij Deviates from the preset abnormal threshold Ly i For comparison:

[0044] If among all water quality characteristics, at least one water quality characteristic corresponds to L of a collection point ij >Ly i , then the collection point is marked as an abnormal collection point; otherwise, the collection point is not marked as an abnormal collection point.

[0045] As a further solution of the present invention: the pretreatment method is also as follows:

[0046] Step F1, extracting water quality data collected in real time at multiple time points;

[0047] Select a water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to a water quality characteristic;

[0048] Step F2, then calculate the average value of the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to the water quality characteristic at multiple time points;

[0049] At the same time, the standard deviation of the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to the water quality characteristic at multiple time points is obtained;

[0050] Step F3, then combine the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to this water quality characteristic at each time point with the average value and standard deviation to determine the abnormal value:

[0051] Select the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to this water quality characteristic at a time point:

[0052] If the difference between the water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to this water quality characteristic at this time point and its average value exceeds 3 times the standard deviation, the water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to this water quality characteristic at a time point is determined to be an outlier, and the outlier is replaced; otherwise, it is determined that the water quality characteristic at a time point is not an outlier, and the outlier is not replaced.

[0053] As a further solution of the present invention: in Step F3, the replacement processing is as follows:

[0054] Obtain water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to two time points adjacent to the time point with the water quality characteristic;

[0055] Then the average value of the two water quality characteristic parameters is calculated, and then the average value is used as the replacement result of the abnormal value corresponding to the time point.

[0056] As a further solution of the present invention, the method of performing variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple time points is as follows:

[0057] StepA2.1, select a collection point, extract the water quality data collected in real time at multiple time points, and construct a fixed-point water quality vector matrix;

[0058] The fixed-point water quality vector matrix is ​​as follows:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, S1 is the fixed-point water quality vector matrix, S ik represents the characteristic parameter vector of the i-th water quality characteristic at the k-th time point, where i=1, 2, ...n, k=1, 2, ...v, n represents the number of all water quality characteristics, and v represents the number of all time points;

[0061] StepA2.2, let the value of i be 1, 2, ... n;

[0062] Then, through the formula , calculate the average value SP1 of the characteristic parameter vector corresponding to the corresponding water quality characteristics at all time points i ;

[0063] At the same time, through the formula Calculate the standard deviation SB1 of the characteristic parameter vector corresponding to the corresponding water quality characteristics at all time points i ;

[0064] StepA2.3, then through the formula Calculate the coefficient of variation CV1 of the corresponding water quality characteristics at multiple time points at the same collection point i ;

[0065] By analogy, among all the collection points, the coefficient of variation of the corresponding water quality characteristics at multiple time points corresponding to each same collection point is calculated;

[0066] in,

[0067] If CV1 i If it is smaller, it means that the water quality characteristics change more steadily over time at the selected collection point;

[0068] If CV1 i If it is larger, it means that the water quality characteristics fluctuate violently in the time series of the collection point;

[0069] StepA2.4, select a water quality feature, and extract the coefficient of variation of this water quality feature at all the same collection points corresponding to multiple time points, and mark it as CV1 j ;

[0070] Then through , calculate all CV1 corresponding to this water quality characteristic j The average value of CV1 p ;

[0071] Then through LC j =|CV1 j -CV1 p |; Calculate the variation deviation LC of the water quality characteristics at each collection point j ;

[0072] StepA2.5: The variation deviation LC of the water quality characteristics at each collection point j Compare with the preset abnormal deviation threshold LCy:

[0073] If among all water quality characteristics, at least one water quality characteristic corresponds to the LC of a collection point j >LCy, the acquisition point is marked as an abnormal acquisition point; otherwise, the acquisition point is not marked as an abnormal acquisition point.

[0074] As a further solution of the present invention: the pollution risk analysis method is as follows:

[0075] Step K1, select an abnormal collection point from various abnormal collection points;

[0076] Then, the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to all water quality characteristics on the abnormal collection are obtained and marked as YS i ;

[0077] Step K2, extract the preset characteristic threshold interval [SY i,min ,SY i,max ];

[0078] Among them, SY i,min represents the minimum value in the characteristic threshold interval corresponding to the i-th water quality characteristic, SY i,max It represents the maximum value in the characteristic threshold interval corresponding to the i-th water quality characteristic, that is, SY i,min <SY i,max ;

[0079] in,

[0080] When the water quality characteristic parameter of the i-th water quality characteristic is within the characteristic threshold interval corresponding to the i-th water quality characteristic, it means that the water quality characteristic is normal;

[0081] When the water quality characteristic parameter of the i-th water quality characteristic is not within the characteristic threshold interval corresponding to the i-th water quality characteristic, it indicates that the water quality characteristic is abnormal;

[0082] Step K3, then combine the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to various water quality characteristics with their corresponding characteristic threshold intervals to calculate the characteristic parameter deviation coefficient;

[0083] Step K4, extract the characteristic parameter deviation coefficient YL of all water quality characteristics i ;

[0084] Then through , calculate the pollution index W of the abnormal collection point;

[0085] Step K5, compare the pollution index W of the abnormal collection point with the corresponding preset pollution thresholds Wy1 and Wy2:

[0086] Among them, Wy1>Wy2;

[0087] If W>Wy1, it means that the pollution level of the abnormal collection point is high;

[0088] If Wy1≥W>Wy2, it means that the pollution level of the abnormal collection point is medium;

[0089] If W≤Wy1, it means that the pollution level of the abnormal collection point is low.

[0090] As a further solution of the present invention: in Step K3, the characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is calculated as follows:

[0091] Compare the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to each water quality characteristic with its corresponding characteristic threshold interval:

[0092] If SY i,min ≤YS i ≤SY i,max, it means that the water quality characteristic parameter of the corresponding water quality characteristic is within its corresponding characteristic threshold range, and its characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is directly recorded as 0;

[0093] If YS i <SY i,min , it means that the water quality characteristic parameter of the corresponding water quality characteristic is not within its corresponding characteristic threshold range, and the calculation formula of its characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is as follows:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, YL i The coefficient of deviation of characteristic parameters representing the corresponding water quality characteristics;

[0096] If YS i >SY i,max , it means that the water quality characteristic parameter of the corresponding water quality characteristic is not within its corresponding characteristic threshold range, and the calculation formula of its characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, YL i The characteristic parameter deviation coefficient representing the corresponding water quality characteristics.

[0099] A water environment water quality tracking and monitoring method, the method is implemented by a water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system, the method comprises the following steps:

[0100] Step 1: Data Collection

[0101] Water quality data is collected in real time through a variety of sensors distributed at multiple collection points in the target water environment, where the water quality data includes but is not limited to water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and turbidity;

[0102] Step 2: Data preprocessing

[0103] Preprocessing the collected water quality data, identifying and replacing abnormal values ​​in the water quality data during the preprocessing process;

[0104] Step 3: Data Analysis

[0105] Perform variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points, and also perform variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple time points, to determine whether there are abnormalities at each collection point through this variation analysis;

[0106] Step 4: Pollution Analysis

[0107] Conduct pollution risk analysis for each collection point that is judged to be abnormal, and determine the pollution level of each abnormal collection point based on the analysis results;

[0108] Step 5: Warning display

[0109] The various abnormal collection points obtained in the data analysis step and the pollution levels of the various abnormal collection points determined in the pollution analysis step are displayed to relevant personnel.

[0110] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0111] The present invention collects various water quality characteristic parameters including water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, turbidity, etc. in real time through multiple sensors distributed at multiple collection points in the target water environment, comprehensively reflects the water quality status of the water environment, and provides a rich data basis for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0112] The present invention pre-processes water quality data, determines and replaces outliers, and improves the accuracy and reliability of data. Outlier determination and processing are performed on water quality data from multiple collection points and multiple time points to ensure the stability and consistency of the data.

[0113] The present invention replaces abnormal values ​​of collection points by averaging the water quality characteristic parameters of two adjacent collection points with the smallest and second smallest distance values; and replaces abnormal values ​​of time points by averaging the water quality characteristic parameters of two adjacent time points, so that the replacement result is more reasonable.

[0114] The present invention performs variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points. By constructing a regional water quality vector matrix, the coefficient of variation and deviation of various water quality characteristics between different collection points are calculated. This can accurately determine the differences in water quality characteristics between different collection points and quickly locate abnormal collection points with local pollution or other special conditions.

[0115] The present invention performs variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple time points. By constructing a fixed-point water quality vector matrix, the coefficient of variation and variation deviation of various water quality characteristics at the same collection point over time are calculated. The fluctuation of water quality characteristics in the time series can be discovered in time and abnormal collection points can be accurately marked.

[0116] The present invention conducts pollution risk analysis on each abnormal collection point, calculates the characteristic parameter deviation coefficient according to the water quality characteristic parameter and the preset characteristic threshold interval, and then calculates the pollution index, which is compared with the preset pollution threshold, and scientifically determines the pollution level of each abnormal collection point, providing an important basis for relevant personnel to take targeted governance measures.

[0117] The present invention displays the various abnormal collection points obtained by the data analysis unit and the pollution levels of the various abnormal collection points determined by the pollution analysis unit to relevant personnel, so that the relevant personnel can timely understand the water quality and pollution conditions of the water environment, so as to quickly take corresponding response measures and improve the efficiency and level of water environment management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0118] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0119] Figure 1 The present invention is a system block diagram of a water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system.

[0120] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a method for tracking and monitoring water quality in a water environment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0121] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0122] Embodiment 1

[0123] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system and method thereof, comprising:

[0124] A data acquisition unit, used to collect water quality data in real time through a variety of sensors distributed at multiple collection points in the target water environment. The water quality data includes but is not limited to water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to turbidity;

[0125] Among them, the sensor transmits the data collected from the water quality to the data acquisition unit in the form of analog signals or digital signals;

[0126] A preprocessing unit, used for preprocessing water quality data;

[0127] The preprocessing method is as follows:

[0128] Extract water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points;

[0129] Select a water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to a water quality characteristic;

[0130] Then, the average value of the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to the water quality characteristic at multiple collection points is obtained;

[0131] At the same time, the standard deviation of the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to the water quality characteristic at multiple collection points is obtained;

[0132] Then the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to this water quality characteristic at each collection point are combined with the average value and standard deviation to determine the abnormal value:

[0133] Select the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to this water quality characteristic at a collection point:

[0134] If the difference between the water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to the water quality characteristic at the collection point and its average value exceeds 3 times the standard deviation, the water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to the water quality characteristic at the collection point is determined to be an abnormal value, and the abnormal value is replaced; otherwise, the collection point corresponding to the water quality characteristic is determined not to be an abnormal value, and the abnormal value is not replaced;

[0135] The replacement is handled as follows:

[0136] Obtain water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to two adjacent collection points of the water quality characteristic;

[0137] Among them, the two adjacent collection points to the corresponding collection point are the two adjacent collection points with the smallest and second smallest distance values ​​to the corresponding collection point. If the smallest distance value contains multiple collection points, two collection points are randomly selected;

[0138] Then, the average value of the two water quality characteristic parameters is calculated, and then the average value is used as the replacement result of the abnormal value corresponding to the sampling point;

[0139] A data analysis unit for performing variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points;

[0140] The variation analysis method is as follows:

[0141] StepA1: Regional water quality analysis

[0142] StepA1.1, select a time point, extract the water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points, and construct a regional water quality vector matrix;

[0143] The regional water quality vector matrix is ​​as follows:

[0144]

[0145] Among them, S0 is the regional water quality vector matrix, S ij represents the characteristic parameter vector of the i-th water quality characteristic at the j-th collection point, where i=1, 2, ...n, j=1, 2, ...m, n represents the number of all water quality characteristics, and m represents the number of all collection points;

[0146] StepA1.2, let the value of i be 1, 2, ... n;

[0147] Then, through the formula , calculate the average value of the characteristic parameter vector corresponding to the corresponding water quality characteristics at all collection points SP0 i ;

[0148] At the same time, through the formula Calculate the standard deviation SB0 of the characteristic parameter vector corresponding to the corresponding water quality characteristics at all collection points i ;

[0149] StepA1.3, then use the formula Calculate the coefficient of variation CV0 of the corresponding water quality characteristics corresponding to multiple collection points at the same time point i ;

[0150] in,

[0151] If CV0 i Small, indicating that the water quality characteristics vary little between different collection points and the water quality is relatively stable;

[0152] If CV0 i If it is larger, it means that the water quality characteristics fluctuate greatly at different collection points, and there may be local pollution or other special circumstances;

[0153] For example:

[0154] When the water temperature CV0 i When it is smaller, it means that the water temperature distribution in the whole area is relatively uniform;

[0155] When the dissolved oxygen CV0 i If it is large, it may be necessary to further investigate whether there are factors such as eutrophication of water bodies near certain collection points that cause large changes in dissolved oxygen;

[0156] StepA1.4, the coefficient of variation CV0 of the corresponding water quality characteristics corresponding to multiple collection points at the same time point i Corresponding to the preset variation threshold CVy i For comparison:

[0157] If CV0 i ≤CVy i , it means that the corresponding water quality characteristics in the target water environment are relatively stable;

[0158] If CV0 i >CVy i , it means that the corresponding water quality characteristics in the target water environment fluctuate greatly;

[0159] StepA1.5, in CV0 i>CVy i When the characteristic parameter vector S corresponding to the water quality characteristics is obtained ij ;

[0160] Then through , calculate the deviation L of the water quality characteristics at each collection point ij ;

[0161] StepA1.6, then the water quality characteristics at each collection point deviation L ij Deviates from the preset abnormal threshold Ly i For comparison:

[0162] If among all water quality characteristics, at least one water quality characteristic corresponds to L of a collection point ij >Ly i , then the collection point is marked as an abnormal collection point; otherwise, the collection point is not marked as an abnormal collection point.

[0163] The early warning display unit is used to display various abnormal collection points obtained by the data analysis unit to relevant personnel.

[0164] This embodiment uses a data acquisition unit to collect multiple water quality characteristic parameters including water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, etc. in real time using multiple sensors distributed at multiple collection points in the target water environment, which can comprehensively and accurately reflect the water quality of the target water environment; the pre-processing unit determines and replaces the water quality data, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the data. By calculating the average value and standard deviation to determine the outlier, and using the average value of the data from adjacent collection points for replacement, the impact of the abnormal data on subsequent analysis is effectively reduced; the data analysis unit performs regional water quality analysis, and by constructing a regional water quality vector matrix and calculating the coefficient of variation of various water quality characteristics at different collection points, it can quickly determine the differences in water quality characteristics between different collection points, thereby determining whether the water quality is relatively stable or there are special circumstances such as local pollution. When an abnormality is found, the early warning display unit can promptly display the abnormal collection point to relevant personnel, so as to facilitate the adoption of corresponding measures for processing.

[0165] Embodiment 2

[0166] As the second embodiment of the present invention, when the present application is implemented, compared with the first embodiment, the technical solution of the present embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment only in that,

[0167] The preprocessing unit is also used to preprocess the water quality data;

[0168] The preprocessing method is as follows:

[0169] Extract water quality data collected in real time at multiple time points;

[0170] Select a water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to a water quality characteristic;

[0171] Then, the average value of the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to the water quality characteristic at multiple time points is obtained;

[0172] At the same time, the standard deviation of the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to the water quality characteristic at multiple time points is obtained;

[0173] Then the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to this water quality characteristic at each time point are combined with the mean value and standard deviation to determine the abnormal value:

[0174] Select the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to this water quality characteristic at a time point:

[0175] If the difference between the water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to the water quality characteristic at the time point and its average value exceeds 3 times the standard deviation, the water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to the water quality characteristic at the time point is determined to be an abnormal value, and the abnormal value is replaced; otherwise, the water quality characteristic at the time point corresponding to the water quality characteristic is determined not to be an abnormal value, and the abnormal value is not replaced;

[0176] The replacement is handled as follows:

[0177] Obtain water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to two time points adjacent to the time point with the water quality characteristic;

[0178] Then, the average value of the two water quality characteristic parameters is calculated, and then the average value is used as the replacement result of the abnormal value corresponding to the time point;

[0179] The data analysis unit is also used to perform variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple time points;

[0180] The variance analysis of the data analysis unit is also as follows:

[0181] StepA2: Fixed-point water quality analysis

[0182] StepA2.1, select a collection point, extract the water quality data collected in real time at multiple time points, and construct a fixed-point water quality vector matrix;

[0183] The fixed-point water quality vector matrix is ​​as follows:

[0184]

[0185] Among them, S1 is the fixed-point water quality vector matrix, S ik represents the characteristic parameter vector of the i-th water quality characteristic at the k-th time point, where i=1, 2, ...n, k=1, 2, ...v, n represents the number of all water quality characteristics, and v represents the number of all time points;

[0186] StepA2.2, let the value of i be 1, 2, ... n;

[0187] Then, through the formula , calculate the average value SP1 of the characteristic parameter vector corresponding to the corresponding water quality characteristics at all time points i ;

[0188] At the same time, through the formula Calculate the standard deviation SB1 of the characteristic parameter vector corresponding to the corresponding water quality characteristics at all time points i ;

[0189] StepA2.3, then through the formula Calculate the coefficient of variation CV1 of the corresponding water quality characteristics at multiple time points at the same collection point i ;

[0190] By analogy, among all the collection points, the coefficient of variation of the corresponding water quality characteristics at multiple time points corresponding to each same collection point is calculated;

[0191] in,

[0192] If CV1 i If it is smaller, it means that the water quality characteristics change more steadily over time at the selected collection point;

[0193] If CV1 i If it is larger, it means that the water quality characteristics fluctuate violently in the time series of the collection point;

[0194] For example:

[0195] When the pH value is CV1 i A smaller value may indicate that the pH of the water at the sampling point is relatively stable;

[0196] When the conductivity CV1 i It is highly likely that the composition of the water body or external disturbance factors at the sampling point has changed significantly at different times;

[0197] StepA2.4, select a water quality feature, and extract the coefficient of variation of this water quality feature at all the same collection points corresponding to multiple time points, and mark it as CV1 j ;

[0198] Then through , calculate all CV1 corresponding to this water quality characteristic j The average value of CV1 p ;

[0199] Then through LC j =|CV1 j -CV1p |; Calculate the variation deviation LC of the water quality characteristics at each collection point j ;

[0200] StepA2.5: The variation deviation LC of the water quality characteristics at each collection point j Compare with the preset abnormal deviation threshold LCy:

[0201] If among all water quality characteristics, at least one water quality characteristic corresponds to the LC of a collection point j >LCy, the acquisition point is marked as an abnormal acquisition point; otherwise, the acquisition point is not marked as an abnormal acquisition point.

[0202] Based on the first embodiment, the preprocessing unit of this embodiment also preprocesses the water quality data at multiple time points, and also determines and replaces the outliers by taking the average value and standard deviation, which further improves the quality of the data; the data analysis unit adds fixed-point water quality analysis, and by constructing a fixed-point water quality vector matrix, calculates the coefficient of variation of various water quality characteristics at different time points at the same collection point, and can understand the changes in water quality over time at a specific collection point, such as whether the pH is stable, whether the water composition has changed significantly, etc. For collection points with drastic fluctuations, problems can be discovered and handled in a timely manner; by comparing with the preset abnormal deviation threshold, abnormal collection points can be accurately marked, providing more detailed information for subsequent pollution analysis and early warning.

[0203] Embodiment 3

[0204] As the third embodiment of the present invention, when the present application is implemented, compared with the first and second embodiments, the technical solution of this embodiment is to combine the solutions of the first and second embodiments, and the difference between the technical solution of this embodiment and the first and second embodiments is that this embodiment also includes:

[0205] The pollution analysis unit is used to perform pollution risk analysis on each abnormal collection point and determine the pollution level of each abnormal collection point based on the analysis results;

[0206] The pollution risk analysis method is as follows:

[0207] Step K1, select an abnormal collection point from various abnormal collection points;

[0208] Then, the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to all water quality characteristics on the abnormal collection are obtained and marked as YS i ;

[0209] Step K2, extract the preset characteristic threshold interval [SY i,min ,SY i,max];

[0210] Among them, SY i,min represents the minimum value in the characteristic threshold interval corresponding to the i-th water quality characteristic, SY i,max It represents the maximum value in the characteristic threshold interval corresponding to the i-th water quality characteristic, that is, SY i,min <SY i,max ;

[0211] in,

[0212] When the water quality characteristic parameter of the i-th water quality characteristic is within the characteristic threshold interval corresponding to the i-th water quality characteristic, it means that the water quality characteristic is normal;

[0213] When the water quality characteristic parameter of the i-th water quality characteristic is not within the characteristic threshold interval corresponding to the i-th water quality characteristic, it indicates that the water quality characteristic is abnormal;

[0214] Step K3, then combine the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to various water quality characteristics with their corresponding characteristic threshold intervals to calculate the characteristic parameter deviation coefficient;

[0215] The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0216] Compare the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to each water quality characteristic with its corresponding characteristic threshold interval:

[0217] If SY i,min ≤YS i ≤SY i,max , it means that the water quality characteristic parameter of the corresponding water quality characteristic is within its corresponding characteristic threshold range, and its characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is directly recorded as 0;

[0218] If YS i <SY i,min , it means that the water quality characteristic parameter of the corresponding water quality characteristic is not within its corresponding characteristic threshold range, and the calculation formula of its characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is as follows:

[0219]

[0220] In the formula, YL i The coefficient of deviation of characteristic parameters representing the corresponding water quality characteristics;

[0221] If YS i >SY i,max , it means that the water quality characteristic parameter of the corresponding water quality characteristic is not within its corresponding characteristic threshold range, and the calculation formula of its characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is as follows:

[0222]

[0223] In the formula, YLi The coefficient of deviation of characteristic parameters representing the corresponding water quality characteristics;

[0224] Step K4, extract the characteristic parameter deviation coefficient YL of all water quality characteristics i ;

[0225] Then through , calculate the pollution index W of the abnormal collection point;

[0226] Step K5, compare the pollution index W of the abnormal collection point with the corresponding preset pollution thresholds Wy1 and Wy2:

[0227] Among them, Wy1>Wy2;

[0228] If W>Wy1, it means that the pollution level of the abnormal collection point is high;

[0229] If Wy1≥W>Wy2, it means that the pollution level of the abnormal collection point is medium;

[0230] If W≤Wy1, it means that the pollution level of the abnormal collection point is low;

[0231] The early warning display unit is also used to display the pollution level of each abnormal collection point determined by the pollution analysis unit to relevant personnel.

[0232] This embodiment combines the solutions of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, and adds a pollution analysis unit, which can perform pollution risk analysis on each abnormal collection point and determine the pollution level. By obtaining the water quality characteristic parameters of the abnormal collection point, the characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is calculated in combination with the preset characteristic threshold interval, and then the pollution index is obtained, providing more specific pollution information to relevant personnel; the early warning display unit displays the pollution level to relevant personnel, so that they can more intuitively understand the pollution degree of the abnormal collection point, so as to take targeted governance measures, thereby improving the efficiency and pertinence of water environment governance.

[0233] Embodiment 4

[0234] As the fourth embodiment of the present invention, when the present application is specifically implemented, compared with the first, second and third embodiments, the technical solution of this embodiment is to combine and implement the solutions of the above-mentioned first, second, third and fourth embodiments.

[0235] This embodiment combines the solutions of Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 to track and monitor the water quality of the water environment in a more comprehensive and systematic manner. From data collection and preprocessing at multiple collection points and time points, to regional water quality and fixed-point water quality analysis, to pollution risk analysis and early warning display, a complete water quality monitoring system is formed, providing strong support for the protection and management of the water environment.

[0236] See also Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides a water environment water quality tracking and monitoring method, which is implemented by a water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system, and the method includes the following steps:

[0237] Step 1: Data Collection

[0238] Water quality data is collected in real time through a variety of sensors distributed at multiple collection points in the target water environment, where the water quality data includes but is not limited to water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and turbidity;

[0239] Step 2: Data preprocessing

[0240] Preprocessing the collected water quality data, identifying and replacing abnormal values ​​in the water quality data during the preprocessing process;

[0241] Step 3: Data Analysis

[0242] Perform variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points, and also perform variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple time points, to determine whether there are abnormalities at each collection point through this variation analysis;

[0243] Step 4: Pollution Analysis

[0244] Conduct pollution risk analysis for each collection point that is judged to be abnormal, and determine the pollution level of each abnormal collection point based on the analysis results;

[0245] Step 5: Warning display

[0246] The various abnormal collection points obtained in the data analysis step and the pollution levels of the various abnormal collection points determined in the pollution analysis step are displayed to relevant personnel.

[0247] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters and thresholds in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0248] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system, characterized in that: include: A data analysis unit is used to perform variation analysis on water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points, and determine whether each collection point is abnormal through variation analysis; The pollution analysis unit is used to perform pollution risk analysis on each abnormal collection point and determine the pollution level of each abnormal collection point based on the analysis results; The early warning display unit is used to display the various abnormal collection points obtained by the data analysis unit and the pollution level of each abnormal collection point determined by the pollution analysis unit to relevant personnel.

2. A water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variation analysis method is as follows: StepA1.1, select a time point, extract the water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points, and construct a regional water quality vector matrix; The regional water quality vector matrix is ​​as follows: Among them, S0 is the regional water quality vector matrix, S ij represents the characteristic parameter vector of the i-th water quality characteristic at the j-th collection point, where i=1, 2, ...n, j=1, 2, ...m, n represents the number of all water quality characteristics, and m represents the number of all collection points; StepA1.2, let the value of i be 1, 2, ... n; Then calculate the average value of the characteristic parameter vector corresponding to the corresponding water quality characteristics at all collection points SP0 i ; At the same time, the standard deviation SB0 of the characteristic parameter vector corresponding to the corresponding water quality characteristics at all collection points is calculated. i ; StepA1.3, the standard deviation SB0 of the corresponding water quality characteristics corresponding to the characteristic parameter vector i Divide by the average value of its corresponding characteristic parameter vector SP0 i , the coefficient of variation of the corresponding water quality characteristics corresponding to multiple collection points at the same time point is obtained, and it is recorded as CV0 i ; StepA1.4, the coefficient of variation CV0 of the corresponding water quality characteristics corresponding to multiple collection points at the same time point i Corresponding to the preset variation threshold CVy i For comparison: If CV0 i ≤CVy i , it means that the corresponding water quality characteristics in the target water environment are relatively stable; If CV0 i >CVy i , it means that the corresponding water quality characteristics in the target water environment fluctuate greatly; StepA1.5, in CV0 i >CVy i When the characteristic parameter vector S corresponding to the water quality characteristics is obtained ij ; Then through , calculate the deviation L of the water quality characteristics at each collection point ij ; StepA1.6, the deviation degree L of the water quality characteristics at each collection point ij Deviates from the preset abnormal threshold Ly i A comparison is performed, and based on the comparison result, it is determined whether each collection point is an abnormal collection point.

3. A water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In StepA1.6; If among all water quality characteristics, at least one water quality characteristic corresponds to L of a collection point ij >Ly i , then mark the collection point as an abnormal collection point; Otherwise, the collection point will not be marked as an abnormal collection point.

4. A water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pollution risk analysis method is as follows: Step K1, select an abnormal collection point from various abnormal collection points; Then, the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to all water quality characteristics on the abnormal collection are obtained and marked as YS i ; Step K2, extract the preset characteristic threshold interval [SY i,min ,SY i,max ]; Among them, SY i,min represents the minimum value in the characteristic threshold interval corresponding to the i-th water quality characteristic, SY i,max It represents the maximum value in the characteristic threshold interval corresponding to the i-th water quality characteristic, that is, SY i,min <SY i,max ; Step K3, then combine the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to various water quality characteristics with their corresponding characteristic threshold intervals to calculate the characteristic parameter deviation coefficient; Step K4, extract the characteristic parameter deviation coefficient YL of all water quality characteristics i ; Then through , calculate the pollution index W of the abnormal collection point; Step K5, compare the pollution index W of the abnormal collection point with the corresponding preset pollution thresholds Wy1 and Wy2, and determine the pollution level of the abnormal collection point according to the comparison result.

5. A water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In StepK3, the characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is calculated as follows: Compare the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to each water quality characteristic with its corresponding characteristic threshold interval: If SY i,min ≤YS i ≤SY i,max , it means that the water quality characteristic parameter of the corresponding water quality characteristic is within its corresponding characteristic threshold range, and its characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is directly recorded as 0; If YS i <SY i,min , it means that the water quality characteristic parameter of the corresponding water quality characteristic is not within its corresponding characteristic threshold range, and the calculation formula of its characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is as follows: In the formula, YL i The coefficient of deviation of characteristic parameters representing the corresponding water quality characteristics; If YS i >SY i,max , it means that the water quality characteristic parameter of the corresponding water quality characteristic is not within its corresponding characteristic threshold range, and the calculation formula of its characteristic parameter deviation coefficient is as follows: In the formula, YL i The characteristic parameter deviation coefficient representing the corresponding water quality characteristics.

6. A water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In StepK5, Wy1>Wy2; If W>Wy1, it means that the pollution level of the corresponding abnormal collection point is high; If Wy1≥W>Wy2, it means the pollution level of the corresponding abnormal collection point is medium; If W≤Wy1, it means that the pollution level of the corresponding abnormal collection point is low.

7. A water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A data acquisition unit, used to collect water quality data in real time through a variety of sensors distributed at multiple collection points in the target water environment. The water quality data includes but is not limited to water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to turbidity; The preprocessing unit is used to preprocess the water quality data, and determine and replace abnormal values ​​in the water quality data through preprocessing.

8. A water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preprocessing method is as follows: Step E1, extracting water quality data collected in real time at multiple collection points; Select a water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to a water quality characteristic; Step E2, calculate the average value of the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to the water quality characteristics at multiple collection points; At the same time, the standard deviation of the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to the water quality characteristic at multiple collection points is obtained; Step E3, combine the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to this water quality characteristic at each collection point with the average value and standard deviation to determine the outliers: Select the water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to this water quality characteristic at a collection point: If the difference between the water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to this water quality characteristic at this collection point and its average value exceeds 3 times the standard deviation, the water quality characteristic parameter corresponding to this water quality characteristic at a collection point is determined to be an outlier, and the outlier is replaced; otherwise, the collection point corresponding to this water quality characteristic is determined not to be an outlier, and the outlier is not replaced.

9. A water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: In StepE3, the replacement is handled as follows: Obtain water quality characteristic parameters corresponding to two adjacent collection points of the water quality characteristic; Among them, the two adjacent collection points to the corresponding collection point are the two adjacent collection points with the smallest and second smallest distance values ​​to the corresponding collection point. If the smallest distance value contains multiple collection points, two collection points are randomly selected; Then the average value of the two water quality characteristic parameters is calculated, and then the average value is used as the replacement result of the abnormal value corresponding to the sampling point.

10. A method for tracking and monitoring water quality in a water environment, characterized in that: The method is implemented by a water environment water quality tracking and monitoring system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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