Living environment restoration method based on dynamic evolution process of river channel

Abstract

A habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of a riverway sets a starting form for the riverway, and comprises the following steps: promoting the generation of the dynamic evolution process of the riverway by using hydrodynamic force, consolidating the evolution form of the riverway in combination with the growth and reproduction of organisms, and enabling the riverway to automatically create a complex habitat through the interaction of a physical process and a biological process. And a river channel ecological system capable of running automatically is created. According to the method, a complex river channel form is not artificially created, a dynamically evolvable habitat starting form is set, natural restoration of the river channel habitat is promoted by utilizing power and vegetation growth, and finally the river channel habitat is evolved into a complex habitat form, so that the energy, material and labor input is saved, and the highest restoration cost benefit is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration technology and relates to a habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of river channels. Background Art

[0002] River ecological restoration can promote water quality improvement, protect biodiversity, maintain ecological balance, and provide sustainable ecological services by restoring and protecting the river ecosystem. Complex and diverse river habitat conditions are one of the foundations for species diversity restoration.

[0003] Existing technologies for riverbed restoration include dredging, riverbank protection, wetland construction, and the introduction of aquatic plants. While these techniques can effectively restore and protect riverbed habitats to a certain extent, they also have significant drawbacks. For example, the method for constructing natural river channels and floodplain wetlands, represented by Chinese Patent Publication No. CN 115710879 A, ​​can create meandering river channels and floodplain wetlands. However, these techniques are typically one-time projects and cannot adapt to the dynamic changes of river ecosystems. The restoration device represented by Chinese Patent Publication No. CN 219136551 U is unable to create complex riverbed habitats and can only address partial issues, failing to fully enhance ecosystem health. The riparian zone construction and restoration method, represented by Chinese Patent Publication No. CN 113565064A, requires significant investment in capital and human resources, and requires high operational and maintenance costs to maintain the restored results. Furthermore, under the dynamic evolution of river channels, natural erosion, and siltation, it is difficult to ensure the stability and durability of the restoration results. Therefore, there is an objective need to develop a habitat restoration method that promotes the self-repair and self-regulation capabilities of river ecosystems and has low investment, high efficiency, and long-term sustainability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to propose a habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of the river channel.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution of the river channel. This method does not directly create an ideal river channel form, but gives the river channel a starting form, uses water dynamics to "promote" the occurrence of the dynamic evolution process of the river channel, and then combines the growth and reproduction of organisms to consolidate the evolution of the river channel. The river channel creates a complex habitat through the interaction of physical and biological processes, creating a self-operating river ecosystem.

[0007] A habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of a river channel includes constructing a habitat start-up form, promoting habitat evolution through hydrodynamics, and creating a biological community to consolidate the habitat form.

[0008] The tectonic habitat activation form refers to: forming diamond-shaped islands through mechanical excavation, "building a site" for water erosion and silt deposition, and providing the prerequisite for the river to design its own form.

[0009] The hydrodynamics promoting habitat evolution means that the evolution of river channel morphology depends on hydrodynamics and the composition of diamond-shaped islands. Dense clay, large gravel, pebbles, natural sand and large woody debris are used to replace part of the single silt matrix to guide the occurrence of river channel erosion and siltation, thereby accelerating the habitat evolution process.

[0010] The creation of biomes to consolidate habitats includes ecological hedgerow planting techniques and segmented plant community configuration. Ecological hedgerow planting stabilizes slope soil. Combined with the introduction of submerged, floating, emergent, and herbaceous plants, the plant communities mitigate water resistance, stabilizing the floodplain. Plant roots stabilize the riverbanks and the substrate. Furthermore, dead branches, fallen leaves, and broken wood from vegetation provide a vital external energy source for the river ecosystem, enhancing the complexity and diversity of the habitat.

[0011] Furthermore, the present application may adopt the following technical solutions:

[0012] Step 1: Close and drain the river channel in the habitat restoration section, level the riverbed, and remove surface sediment and waste on the riverbed;

[0013] Step 2: Use mechanical stacking to create diamond-shaped artificial islands in the river channel. The plane shape of the islands is a grid pattern of equilateral diamonds, with a side length of 5-8m and a side wall built into a certain slope with a slope range of 1:2 to 1:3; the two rows of islands are staggered, with the bottom edges spaced 3-5m apart.

[0014] Step 3: Earthwork: Use some of the clay excavated in Step 1, remove the silty soil, and mix it with large gravel, pebbles, natural sand, and large wood debris. Use machinery to shape and backfill the islands and the riverbed between them. By designing the layout of the islands and the shape of the riverbed, the speed and direction of the water flow will be adjusted to promote the natural evolution of the habitat. The large gravel should weigh no more than 30 kg; the pebbles should have a graded particle size range of 10-100 mm; the natural sand should have an average particle size of approximately 30 mesh; and the large wood debris should be logs with a diameter exceeding 200 mm and of any length.

[0015] Step 4: Use ecological fence net bank protection structure for river bank slope, dig 20-30cm deep, preferably 15cm deep by machinery, lay dead branches to form dead branch fence net, then backfill 15-25cm, preferably 20cm deep with clay or planting soil, and then use flood-resistant willow branches to weave fresh branch fence net, and then cover it with 5-10cm, preferably 10cm of planting soil.

[0016] Step 5. Introduce plant communities based on the water level in the planting area.

[0017] Step 6: Restore water flow to the river channel and guide the water flow to scour the diamond-shaped islands and slopes until the river channel terrain gradually stabilizes.

[0018] Preferably, in step 1, the excavation depth is 1 m below the existing riverbed elevation.

[0019] Alternatively, the habitat initiation morphology can be constructed by mechanical excavation to form diamond-shaped islands, with a plan view of a grid pattern of equilateral diamonds. The long axis of the diamond should run along the length of the river channel, the short axis along the width of the river channel, and the endpoint of the short axis should be 2 meters from the shoreline. The diamond side should be 5-8 meters long, with a vertical distance of 3-5 meters between the sides.

[0020] Alternatively, the habitat initiation morphological construction is first performed by mechanical excavation to level the riverbed. The slope ratio of the diamond-shaped island side slope is 1:1 to 1:1.5.

[0021] Alternatively, some of the excavated undisturbed clay (removing the silty soil) can be mixed with large gravel, pebbles, natural sand, and large wood debris to mechanically shape and backfill the islands and the riverbed between them. The preferred ratio of clay, large gravel, pebbles, natural sand, and large wood debris by volume is 1:1:1:1:1.

[0022] There is no requirement for the shape of the large gravel, but the strength must meet the use requirements. Optionally, the weight of a single piece shall not exceed 30kg.

[0023] Optionally, the pebbles have a particle size range of 10 to 100 mm and are distributed in a graded manner.

[0024] Optionally, the average particle size of the natural sand is 25 to 35 meshes, preferably 30 meshes.

[0025] There is no requirement for large wood debris materials. Optionally, round wood debris with a diameter exceeding 200 mm and no length limit can be used.

[0026] Alternatively, the mixed matrix requires that large gravel and large woody debris are evenly distributed, pebbles and natural sand are evenly distributed between the gaps and on the surface of the large gravel, and the woody debris is partially pressed under the gravel and tied to the stones with a geonet.

[0027] Optionally, creating a biological community to consolidate the habitat form includes ecological fence planting technology and segmented plant community configuration.

[0028] Ecological hedge planting technology is preferred for stabilizing bank slope soil. This involves mechanically excavating to a depth of 15 cm, laying dead branches to form a deadwood hedge, then backfilling with 20 cm of soil. Fresh branch hedges are then woven with flood-resistant willow branches, and covered with 10 cm of soil. The deadwood and fresh branch hedges intertwine with the plant roots, increasing soil air permeability and water retention. The resulting dense, three-dimensional ecological framework effectively enhances the bank's ability to resist erosion.

[0029] Alternatively, plant species with good adaptability to complex hydrological conditions can be introduced to construct nested and segmented plant communities in spatial patterns, which can stabilize river banks and substrates, reduce water flow resistance, and stabilize the floodplain morphology.

[0030] Preferably, submerged plant communities should be planted in areas below the riverbed where the average water depth has been 1 meter or more over the past 2-5 years. The submerged plants introduced are Vallisneria serrata, Vallisneria spinulosa, Myriophyllum truncatum, Hydrilla verticillata, Potamogeton truncatum, Ceratophyllum davidianum, and Potamogeton crispus. Each species should be planted in equal proportions, with a planting density of 10 clumps / m² and 5 buds / clump.

[0031] Preferably, reeds, cattails, water lilies, water poppies, mushroom grass and other species are introduced for mixed planting in an area 0.2m to 0.5m below the average water level of the river in the past 2-5 years.

[0032] Ideally, intercropping drought-tolerant emergent plants like loosestrife and iris with flood-tolerant herbaceous plants like Bermudagrass should be carried out in areas 0.2 m above and 0.2 m below the river's average water level over the past 2-5 years. Randomly planting grasses with well-developed underground stems, such as pampas grass and Miscanthus sinensis, can provide a complex and diverse habitat for aquatic organisms, insects, and birds.

[0033] Preferably, herbaceous plants with large coverage and different leaf arrangement heights, such as black heart chrysanthemum, Mexican sage, and fine-leaved miscanthus, should be introduced in areas 0.2m above the average water level of the river in the past 2-5 years and at the top of the bank slope to form a plant community with rich layers and enhance the interception capacity of rainfall and runoff. Species with deep root systems, such as cattail reed, fine-leaved miscanthus, and camphor grass, should be planted in a random distribution to reinforce the slope soil and utilize deep soil moisture to cope with high temperature and drought in summer. Broad-leaved herbaceous plants with obvious inflorescences, rich nectar and pollen sources, and covering different flowering periods, such as blue sage, verbena, foxglove, echinacea, and iris, should be planted in a clustered distribution to provide a habitat corridor for urban pollinating insects. Through the ecological conservation of pollinating insects such as bees and butterflies and small birds, pollination and the spread of plant propagules can be achieved, thereby ensuring the diversity and self-sustaining function of plant communities.

[0034] Plant communities cultivated through ecological planting can adapt to the high-intensity competition stress of weeds. The selected plants form dominant populations, grow rapidly and gradually occupy a large amount of community living space, gradually develop towards a stable and reasonable distribution pattern, and consolidate the river habitat morphology.

[0035] Compared with the existing method of constructing a stable ecosystem, the present invention does not artificially create a complex river channel morphology. Instead, it sets a dynamically evolving habitat startup morphology, uses power and vegetation growth to promote the natural restoration of the river channel habitat, and eventually evolves into a complex habitat form, saving energy, materials and labor input, and achieving the highest restoration cost-effectiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following drawings are provided for illustration:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the treatment area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of step 1 of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of step 2 of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of step three of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of step 4 of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Among them, 1-habitat restoration and construction area, 2-river slope, 3-diamond-shaped island, 4-leveling of river bottom, 5-piling of diamond-shaped island, 6-laying of ecological fence, 7-mixed matrix backfill, 8-introduction of plant community.

[0043] It should be noted that the above-mentioned drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, they can also obtain drawings of other embodiments based on these drawings without any creative work. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0045] For ease of description, spatially relative terms, such as "below," "beneath," "below," "above," and "upper," will be used, where necessary, to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature shown in the drawings. The spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation other than the orientation shown in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawings is turned over, an element described as "below" or "beneath" another element or feature would be oriented "above" the other element or feature.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, the terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, and the terms should be understood to have a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the relevant technology and should not be understood in an idealized or overly formal way, except as expressly defined in the present invention.

[0047] The present invention is based on a habitat restoration method for the dynamic evolution of a river channel. Its implementation includes the following three basic steps: constructing a habitat start-up form, promoting habitat evolution through hydrodynamics, and creating a biological community to consolidate the habitat form. In a preferred embodiment, the method includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Close and drain the river channel in the habitat restoration section, level the riverbed through mechanical excavation, and remove surface sediments, waste, etc. on the riverbed. The excavation depth is 1m below the current riverbed elevation.

[0049] Step 2: Use mechanical stacking to create diamond-shaped artificial islands in the river channel. The plane shape of the islands is a grid pattern of equilateral diamonds, with a side length of 5m and a side wall built into a slope of 1:2; the two rows of islands are staggered, with a base interval of 3m.

[0050] Step 3: Earthwork: Use some of the clay excavated in Step 1, remove the silt from the clay, and then mix it with gravel, pebbles, natural sand and wood debris. Use machinery to shape and backfill the islands and the riverbed between islands. Through the layout of the islands and the shape of the riverbed, adjust the speed and direction of the water flow to promote the self-purification ability of the water body and the natural evolution of the habitat.

[0051] In this embodiment, the weight of a single piece of gravel does not exceed 30 kg; the particle size of the pebbles is 50 mm and is graded; the average particle size of the natural sand is 30 mesh; and the wood debris is log debris with a diameter exceeding 200 mm and an unlimited length.

[0052] Step 4: Use ecological fence nets to protect the river bank. Dig 15cm deep mechanically, lay dead branches to form a dead branch fence, then backfill with 20cm of clay, and then use water-resistant willow branches to weave a fresh branch fence, and then cover it with 10cm of planting soil.

[0053] Step 5. Introduce plant communities based on the water level in the planting area.

[0054] Step 6: Restore water flow to the river channel and guide the water flow to scour the diamond-shaped islands and slopes until the river channel terrain gradually stabilizes.

[0055] In the second embodiment:

[0056] The following steps are involved:

[0057] Step 1: Close and drain the river channel in the habitat restoration section, level the riverbed through mechanical excavation, and remove surface sediments, waste, etc. on the riverbed. The excavation depth is 1.2m below the current riverbed elevation.

[0058] Step 2: Use mechanical stacking to create diamond-shaped artificial islands in the river channel. The plane shape of the islands is a grid pattern of equilateral diamonds. The diamond side is 8m long and the side walls are built into a slope with a slope of 1:3; the two rows of islands are staggered, with a base interval of 5m.

[0059] Step 3: Earthwork: Use some of the clay excavated in Step 1, remove the silt from the clay, and then mix it with gravel, pebbles, natural sand and wood debris. Use machinery to shape and backfill the islands and the riverbed between islands. Through the layout of the islands and the shape of the riverbed, adjust the speed and direction of the water flow to promote the self-purification ability of the water body and the natural evolution of the habitat.

[0060] In this embodiment, the weight of a single piece of gravel does not exceed 30 kg; the particle size of the pebbles is 60 mm and is graded; the average particle size of the natural sand is 35 mesh; and the wood debris is a log debris with a diameter exceeding 250 mm and an unlimited length.

[0061] Step 4: Use ecological fence nets to protect the river bank. Dig 20cm deep mechanically, lay dead branches to form a dead branch fence, then backfill 25cm of clay, and then use water-resistant willow branches to weave a fresh branch fence, and then cover it with 15cm of planting soil.

[0062] Step 5. Introduce plant communities based on the water level in the planting area.

[0063] Step 6: Restore water flow to the river channel and guide the water flow to scour the diamond-shaped islands and slopes until the river channel terrain gradually stabilizes.

[0064] The present invention has the following characteristics:

[0065] (1) Dynamically evolving habitat activation patterns

[0066] The habitat activation form set by the present invention is dynamically evolving, which is different from one-time engineering projects or static habitat construction methods. This design takes into account the natural evolution characteristics of river ecosystems, which is often ignored by traditional technologies.

[0067] The resulting benefits include the ability of the activation morphology to adapt to the long-term natural evolution of the river channel, reducing future maintenance needs and costs.

[0068] (2) Interaction between hydrodynamics and biological processes

[0069] Utilize the interaction between water dynamics and biological (vegetation) growth to promote river self-repair, rather than relying solely on engineering measures.

[0070] The approach integrates physical and biological processes in nature, which is unprecedented in traditional engineering practice.

[0071] The resulting beneficial effects include: enhancing the self-sustaining capacity of the river ecosystem and improving biodiversity.

[0072] (3) Grid arrangement of diamond-shaped islands

[0073] Unlike traditional static channel designs, this invention utilizes rhombus-shaped artificial islands as habitat activation features. This structure not only provides diverse sites for erosion and sedimentation, but its staggered arrangement also directs hydrodynamic forces in multiple directions, promoting a more natural channel evolution. The rhombus-shaped island design offers new insights into hydrodynamics and habitat diversity, a rarity in traditional channel design.

[0074] The beneficial effects brought about by this include: improving water flow distribution, increasing the contact area between water flow and riverbed, and promoting water purification.

[0075] (4) Specific ratio of mixed matrix

[0076] During the backfilling process, the present invention requires that large gravel, pebbles, natural sand, and large wood debris be evenly distributed in a specific ratio (1:1:1:1:1). This ensures the matrix's porosity and stability, which promotes biodiversity and the natural balance of the ecosystem. The mix of materials is carefully designed to meet the dual needs of ecological restoration and soil and water conservation.

[0077] The beneficial effects brought about by this include: providing a stable matrix environment, which is conducive to the growth of vegetation and the habitation of aquatic organisms.

[0078] (5) Innovative application of ecological fence bank protection technology

[0079] The double-layer structure of dead and fresh twig hedges not only reinforces the bank slope but also forms a three-dimensional ecological framework through close integration with plant roots, enhancing scour resistance. This not only saves on traditional hard bank protection materials but also enhances the self-repairing ability of the ecosystem.

[0080] The resulting beneficial effects include enhancing the riverbank's resistance to erosion and promoting the diversification of plant communities.

[0081] (6) Refined configuration of plant communities

[0082] By introducing specific plant communities—such as submerged plants, floating-leaved plants, emergent plants, and herbaceous plants—according to varying water depths and floodplain locations, as well as a mix of drought- and flood-tolerant plants, this segmented configuration can mimic natural habitats and promote ecosystem diversity and stability. This approach, which takes into account the complementarity of plant niches and their adaptability to hydrological conditions, represents an innovative approach to enhancing ecosystem services, rather than simply providing vegetation cover.

[0083] The resulting beneficial effects include: improving the adaptability of plant communities and the overall stability of the ecosystem.

[0084] The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding and use of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without requiring inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution of a river channel, characterized in that: Setting a starting form for the river includes: using hydrodynamics to "promote" the dynamic evolution of the river, and then combining the growth and reproduction of organisms to consolidate the form of river evolution, allowing the river to interact with physical and biological processes to create a complex habitat and a self-operating river ecosystem.

2. The habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of the river channel according to claim 1 is characterized by: It includes constructing habitat to initiate morphology, promoting habitat evolution through hydrodynamics, and creating biological communities to consolidate habitat morphology; The tectonic habitat activation form refers to: forming diamond-shaped islands through excavation, "building a site" for water erosion and silt deposition, and providing the prerequisite for the river to design its own form; The hydrodynamics promotes habitat evolution, which means that the evolution of river channel morphology depends on the hydrodynamics and the composition of diamond-shaped islands, and the use of dense clay, large gravel, pebbles, natural sand and large woody debris to replace part of the single silt matrix to guide the occurrence of river channel erosion and siltation, thereby accelerating the habitat evolution process; The creation of biological communities to consolidate habitat forms refers to: including ecological hedge planting technology and segmented plant community configuration. The ecological hedge planting technology can stabilize the slope soil, combined with the introduction of submerged plants, floating leaf plants, emergent plants, and herbaceous plants, the plant community is used to reduce water flow resistance to stabilize the floodplain form, and the plant root system is used to fix the river bank and substrate; in addition, the dead branches, fallen leaves and broken wood of the vegetation can become an important external energy source for the river ecosystem, consolidating the complexity and diversity of the habitat.

3. The habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of the river channel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Close and drain the river channel in the habitat restoration section, level the riverbed, and remove the surface sediment and waste on the riverbed; Step 2: Use stacking to build rhombus-shaped artificial islands in the river channel. The plane shape of the islands is a grid pattern of equilateral rhombuses, and the side walls are built into a certain inclined slope; the two rows of islands are staggered; Step 3: Earthwork: Use part of the clay excavated in step 1, remove the silty soil from the clay, and then mix it with large pieces of gravel, pebbles, natural sand and large wood residues to shape and backfill the islands and the riverbed between the islands; Step 4: Use ecological fence nets to protect the river bank slopes. Dig deep, lay dead branches to form dead branch fence nets, then backfill with clay, and then use flood-resistant branches to weave fresh branch fence nets, and then cover them with planting soil; Step 5: Introduce plant communities according to the water level in the planting area; Step 6: Restore water flow to the river channel and guide the water flow to scour the diamond-shaped islands and slopes until the river channel terrain gradually becomes stable.

4. The habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of the river channel according to claim 3 is characterized by: The excavation depth is 1m below the existing riverbed elevation; and / or, The long axis of the rhombus should be along the length of the river channel, the short axis should be along the width of the river channel, and the end point of the short axis should be 2m away from the shoreline; and / or, the side length of the rhombus is 5-8m, and the vertical distance between the sides is 3-5m; and / or, The slope ratio of diamond-shaped islands is 1:1 to 1:1.5; and / or, The ratio of clay, large gravel, pebbles, natural sand and large woody debris is 1:1:1:1:1 by volume; and / or the weight of a single piece of said large gravel does not exceed 30 kg; and / or, The pebbles have a particle size range of 10 to 100 mm and are distributed in a graded manner; and / or, The average particle size of the natural sand is 25 to 35 meshes, preferably 35 meshes; and / or, Use log residues with a diameter exceeding 200 mm.

5. The habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of the river channel according to claim 3 is characterized by: The mixed matrix requires that large gravel and large woody debris are evenly distributed, and pebbles and natural sand are evenly distributed between the gaps and on the surface of large gravel; the woody debris is partially pressed under the gravel and tied to the stones with a geonet; and / or, Creating biotope-enhanced habitat forms including ecological hedge planting techniques and segmented plant community configuration; and / or, The ecological hedge planting technology stabilizes the soil on the bank slope. The soil is dug 15 cm deep and dead branches are laid to form a dead branch hedge. Then 20 cm of plain soil is backfilled and fresh branch hedges are woven with water-resistant willow branches. The dead branch hedges and fresh branch hedges are covered with 10 cm of soil. The dead branch hedges and fresh branch hedges can interact with the roots of the plants planted in them, increasing the soil's air permeability and water retention. At the same time, the dense three-dimensional ecological skeleton formed can effectively enhance the bank slope's ability to resist erosion.

6. The habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of the river channel according to claim 3 is characterized by: Introducing plant species that have good adaptability to complex hydrological conditions and constructing mutually nested and segmented plant communities in the spatial pattern can stabilize the riverbank and matrix, reduce the resistance of water flow and stabilize the floodplain morphology.

7. The habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of the river channel according to claim 6 is characterized by: Plant submerged plant communities in areas 1m or more below the average water depth of the river channel in the past 2-5 years; and / or introduce submerged plants such as Vallisneria serrata, Vallisneria spinulosa, Foxtail algae, Hydrilla verticillata, Potamogeton fasciata, Ceratophyllum demersum and Potamogeton crispus; and / or plant each plant in equal proportion, with a planting density of 10 clumps / m2, 5 buds / clump.

8. The habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of the river channel according to claim 6 is characterized by: In the area 0.2m to 0.5m below the average water level of the river in the past 2-5 years, species including reeds, pampas grass, water lilies, water poppies and mushroom grass are introduced for mixed planting.

9. The habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of the river channel according to claim 6, characterized in that: In areas 0.2m above the average water level of the river in the past 2-5 years and 0.2m below the average water level of the river in the past 2-5 years, introduce drought-tolerant emergent plants such as Lythrum salicina and Iris and waterlogging-resistant herbaceous plants such as Cynodon dactylon for mixed planting; and / or, randomly distribute grass plant communities with well-developed underground stems such as Pampas grass and Miscanthus sinensis, which can provide complex and diverse habitats for aquatic organisms, insects and birds.

10. The habitat restoration method based on the dynamic evolution process of the river channel according to claim 6, characterized in that: In areas 0.2m above the average water level of the river in the past 2-5 years and at the top of the slope, herbaceous plants with large coverage and different leaf sequence heights, including Rudbeckia, Mexican sage and Miscanthus sinensis, are introduced to form a plant community with rich layers and enhance the interception capacity of rainfall and runoff; and / or, species with deeper roots, including Pampas grass, Miscanthus sinensis and Campephagnum moss, are randomly planted to reinforce the slope soil, and deep soil moisture can be used to cope with high temperature and drought in summer; and / or, broad-leaved herbaceous plants with obvious inflorescence, rich nectar and pollen sources and covering different flowering periods, including Sage dahlia, Verbena, Foxglove, Echinacea and Iris, are planted in clusters to provide habitat corridors for urban pollinating insects; through the ecological conservation of pollinating insects, including bees and butterflies, and small birds, pollination and plant propagation can be achieved, thereby ensuring the diversity and self-sustaining function of the plant community.

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