Current monitor capable of taking electricity and supplying energy based on photovoltaic panel and current transformer

Abstract

The invention discloses a current monitor based on power taking and energy supply of a photovoltaic panel and a current transformer, and the monitor comprises the current transformer, the photovoltaic panel, an energy management module, a power management module, a microcontroller, a wireless transmitting module, a signal sampling and energy collection switching module, and a signal processing module. The current transformer is connected with the energy management module and the signal processing module, the photovoltaic panel is connected with the energy management module, the energy management module is connected with the power management module, the power management module is connected with the microcontroller and the active component, and the signal sampling control current transformer is connected with the energy management module or the signal processing module; the signal processing module amplifies a current signal sent by the current transformer; the microcontroller calculates an actual current value; and the wireless transmitting module wirelessly transmits the calculated current value to the receiver. Electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel and the current transformer is used for supplying power to the current monitor, and current monitoring can be achieved when electric equipment is in a low-power working state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a current monitoring technology, in particular to a current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply. Background Art

[0002] Some electrical equipment in the fields of power systems, industrial automation, energy management, etc. are equipped with current monitors to monitor their currents, so that staff can monitor the working status of the electrical equipment. In order to save energy, current monitors are usually equipped with power supply equipment. At present, the power supply equipment equipped with current monitors is generally based on current transformers (CTs), which use the principle of electromagnetic induction to obtain the current in the industrial frequency AC circuit of the electrical equipment in the working state, and then convert the current into AC power of a set proportion, thereby providing a reliable power supply for the current monitor. However, when the electrical equipment is in a low-power working state such as standby, the electric energy obtained by the power supply equipment is not enough to ensure the normal operation of the current monitor, which results in the inability of existing current monitors to realize current monitoring when the electrical equipment is in a low-power working state. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing current monitor cannot realize current monitoring when the electrical equipment is in a low-power working state. A current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers is provided. The electric energy generated by photovoltaic panels and current transformers is used to power the current monitor, thereby ensuring that the current monitor can realize current monitoring when the electrical equipment is in a low-power working state.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply includes a current transformer, a photovoltaic panel, an energy management module, a power management module, a microcontroller, a wireless transmission module, a signal sampling and energy collection switching module, and a signal processing module, wherein:

[0006] The current transformer is connected to the energy management module and the signal processing module, and is used to collect the current in the industrial frequency AC circuit of the electrical equipment in the working state and convert it into a small current signal of a set proportion and send it to the signal processing module, or convert it into an AC current of a set proportion and send it to the energy management module;

[0007] A photovoltaic panel, connected to the energy management module, for converting light energy into electrical energy and sending the electrical energy to the energy management module;

[0008] An energy management module, connected to the power management module, is used to collect and store electrical energy from the current transformer and the photovoltaic panel for scheduling by the power management module;

[0009] The power management module is connected to the microcontroller and other active components in the current monitor, and obtains electric energy from the energy management module to power the microcontroller and the active components in the current monitor; and is used to receive the control signal generated by the microcontroller to control the on and off of the power supply circuit of the active components in the current monitor;

[0010] The signal sampling and energy collection switching module is used to receive the control signal of the microcontroller and control the line between the current transformer and the energy management module and the line between the current transformer and the signal processing module to be connected;

[0011] A signal processing module, used for receiving the current signal sent by the current transformer and amplifying it to a set microcontroller processing level before sending it to the microcontroller;

[0012] The microcontroller is used to generate a control signal for controlling the on / off of the power supply line of the active components in the current monitor and send it to the power management module; it is used to receive the signal sent by the signal processing module and calculate the actual current value, and then send the current value to the wireless transmission module;

[0013] The wireless transmission module is used to receive the current value sent by the microcontroller and wirelessly transmit the calculated current value to a receiver that remotely interacts with the current monitor.

[0014] The present invention provides a passive wireless current monitor solution that utilizes a photovoltaic panel (PV Panel) in combination with a current transformer (CT) for energy collection and power supply. The system utilizes the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel and the current transformer to power the current monitor, thereby realizing the monitoring of the current of the electrical equipment and wireless data transmission. When the monitored electrical equipment is in a low-power condition, such as a 100mA current, the energy converted by the current transformer is too weak to be used. In order to monitor the current of the electrical equipment in a low-power condition, the present invention obtains energy through a photovoltaic panel to power the system. In this way, the present invention can meet the needs of monitoring electrical equipment at a current of 100mA when applied.

[0015] Furthermore, the energy management module includes an AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module, an energy collection module and an energy storage module, wherein:

[0016] An AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module is connected to the current transformer and is used to convert the AC power output by the current transformer into DC power and send it to the energy storage module;

[0017] An energy collection module is connected to the photovoltaic panel and is used to obtain the electrical energy sent by the photovoltaic panel and send it to the energy storage module;

[0018] The energy storage module is used to receive the electric energy output by the AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module and the energy collection module.

[0019] Furthermore, the AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module includes a bridge rectifier circuit composed of four Schottky diodes and a voltage regulator diode, the two input ends of the bridge rectifier circuit are respectively connected to the two output ends of the current transformer in a one-to-one correspondence, one output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected to the energy storage module, and the other output end is grounded; the positive electrode of the voltage regulator diode is grounded, and the negative electrode thereof is connected to the line between the bridge rectifier circuit and the energy storage module;

[0020] A Schottky diode is connected in series on the line between the energy collection module and the energy storage module. The anode of the Schottky diode is connected to the energy collection module, and the cathode of the Schottky diode is connected to the energy storage module.

[0021] Furthermore, the energy management module also includes an overvoltage protection module connected to the energy storage module, and the overvoltage protection module is used to monitor the voltage of the energy storage module and discharge the electric energy stored in the energy storage module when the voltage of the energy storage module exceeds a set discharge threshold.

[0022] Furthermore, the overvoltage protection module includes a voltage comparator, a power resistor and a first NMOS tube, the input end of the voltage comparator is connected to the energy storage module, and its output end is connected to the gate of the first NMOS tube, the two ends of the power resistor are respectively connected to the input end of the voltage comparator and the drain of the first NMOS tube, and the source of the first NMOS tube is grounded.

[0023] Furthermore, the power management module includes a hysteresis comparator, a DC / DC conversion module and a power switch, the hysteresis comparator is connected to the DC / DC conversion module, the hysteresis comparator and the DC / DC conversion module are both connected to the energy storage module, and the DC / DC conversion module is connected to the microcontroller and the power switch, wherein:

[0024] A hysteresis comparator is used to monitor the upper and lower limits of the energy storage voltage threshold of the energy storage module. When the energy storage module voltage reaches the set upper threshold, the DC / DC conversion module is enabled, and when the energy storage voltage reaches the set lower threshold, the DC / DC conversion module is turned off;

[0025] A DC / DC conversion module, used to control the voltage increase or decrease of the DC power output by the energy storage module;

[0026] The power switch is connected to the active components in the current monitor and is used to receive the control signal generated by the microcontroller to control the on and off of the power supply circuit of the active components in the current monitor.

[0027] Furthermore, the signal sampling and energy collection switching module includes a first PNP transistor, a second NMOS transistor, a third NMOS transistor, a first resistor and a second resistor, the emitter of the first PNP transistor is connected to the microcontroller for receiving the control signal of the microcontroller, one end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the first PNP transistor, and the other end thereof is grounded; the gate of the second NMOS tube is connected to the gate of the third NMOS tube, and the source of the second NMOS tube is connected to the source of the third NMOS tube, one end of the first resistor is connected to the line between the source of the second NMOS tube and the source of the third NMOS tube, and the other end thereof is connected to the line between the gate of the second NMOS tube and the gate of the third NMOS tube, and the connection node of the line between the gate of the second NMOS tube and the gate of the third NMOS tube of the first resistor is a first node, and the collector of the first PNP transistor is connected to the first node; the drain of the second NMOS tube is connected to the current transformer, and the drain of the third NMOS tube is connected to the signal processing module.

[0028] Furthermore, the photovoltaic panel achieves voltage boosting through a DCDC module and MPPT.

[0029] Furthermore, the signal processing module is implemented using an operational amplifier or an electric energy metering chip. The operational amplifier is used to receive the current signal sent by the current transformer and amplify it to a set microcontroller processing level and send it to the microcontroller. The electric energy metering chip receives the current signal sent by the current transformer and sends it to the microcontroller after signal amplification, ADC conversion, filtering and data processing calculation.

[0030] Furthermore, the current monitor that draws power from photovoltaic panels and current transformers also includes a temperature and humidity sensor connected to the microcontroller. The temperature and humidity sensor is used to collect current ambient temperature and humidity data at set time intervals and send the data to the microcontroller. The microcontroller compares the acquired temperature and humidity data with set temperature and humidity thresholds, and generates a warning message when the set thresholds are exceeded.

[0031] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: the existing current monitor cannot obtain electricity when the monitored electrical equipment is in a low-power state. The present invention provides a passive wireless current monitor, which uses a photovoltaic panel (PV Panel) and a current transformer (CT) as a passive energy collector to power the microcontroller and other active components in the current monitor. Light energy (artificial light and natural light) can be easily obtained in many places. The mixed use of photovoltaic panels and current transformers can make full use of renewable energy in the environment to continue to power the current monitor, thereby ensuring that the current monitor can realize the current monitoring when the electrical equipment is in a low-power working state. The present invention adopts a composite energy collection method of photovoltaic panels (PV Panel) and current transformers (CT). The energy comes not only from the current transformer, but also from light energy, which can maximize the product life and user experience. This has broad application prospects in the fields of power systems, industrial automation, and energy management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 A system block diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A circuit schematic diagram of an energy management module in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a circuit schematic diagram of a signal sampling and energy collection switching module and a signal processing module in a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, a current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply includes a current transformer, a photovoltaic panel, an energy management module, a power management module, a microcontroller, a wireless transmission module, a signal sampling and energy collection switching module, and a signal processing module, wherein: the current transformer is connected to the energy management module and the signal processing module, and is used to collect the current in the industrial frequency AC circuit of the electrical equipment in the working state and convert it into a small current signal of a set proportion and send it to the signal processing module, or convert it into an AC power of a set proportion and send it to the energy management module; the photovoltaic panel is connected to the energy management module, and is used to convert light energy into electrical energy and send it to the energy management module; the energy management module is connected to the power management module, and is used to collect and store electrical energy from the current transformer and the photovoltaic panel for scheduling by the power management module; the power management module is connected to the microcontroller and other active components in the current monitor, and obtains electrical energy from the energy management module. The microcontroller and the active components in the current monitor are powered; the module is used to receive the control signal generated by the microcontroller to control the on and off of the power supply line of the active components in the current monitor; the signal sampling and energy collection switching module is used to receive the control signal of the microcontroller to control the line between the current transformer and the energy management module, and the line between the current transformer and the signal processing module to be selectively connected; the signal processing module is used to receive the current signal sent by the current transformer and amplify it to the set microcontroller processing level and then send it to the microcontroller; the microcontroller is used to generate a control signal for controlling the on and off of the power supply line of the active components in the current monitor and send it to the power management module; the module is used to receive the signal sent by the signal processing module and calculate the actual current value, and then send the current value to the wireless transmission module; the wireless transmission module is used to receive the current value sent by the microcontroller and wirelessly transmit the calculated current value to a receiver that interacts remotely with the current monitor.

[0039] In the specific implementation of this embodiment, photovoltaic panels are used to generate electricity. Photovoltaic panels can be selected from materials such as monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, etc. with an output voltage of 0.5-3V. Considering the product size, the output power of the photovoltaic panel is limited to 500mW. The current transformer of this embodiment collects the current in the industrial frequency AC circuit of the electrical equipment in the working state according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, as an energy acquisition source, to enhance the power supply capacity of the system. The photovoltaic panel of this embodiment realizes boosting through the DCDC module and MPPT, and improves the output conversion efficiency by performing maximum power point tracking (MPPT) on the output power of the photovoltaic panel. The wireless transmission module of this embodiment adopts low-power wireless communication technology, such as Zigbee, low-power Bluetooth (BLE), 433MHz or LoRa. The signal sampling and energy collection switching module of this embodiment is realized by a combination of 2 N-channel MOSFETs, and the microcontroller is preferably implemented by an 8 / 32-bit single-chip microcomputer.

[0040] The energy management module of this embodiment is responsible for collecting electric energy from photovoltaic panels and current transformers, stabilizing the output voltage, and storing electric energy for use by the system. The energy management module includes an AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module, an energy collection module, and an energy storage module, wherein: the AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module is connected to the current transformer, and is used to convert the alternating current output by the current transformer into direct current and send it to the energy storage module; the energy collection module is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and is used to obtain the electric energy sent by the photovoltaic panel and send it to the energy storage module; the energy storage module is used to receive the electric energy output by the AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module and the energy collection module.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module of this embodiment includes a bridge rectifier circuit composed of four Schottky diodes and a voltage regulator diode. The four Schottky diodes of the bridge rectifier circuit are Figure 2 The zener diodes are respectively Schottky diodes D201, Schottky diodes D202, Schottky diodes D204 and Schottky diodes D205, the zener diode is zener diode D203, the two input ends of the bridge rectifier circuit are respectively connected to the two output ends of the current transformer in a one-to-one correspondence, one output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected to the energy storage module, and the other output end is grounded; the positive electrode D203 of the zener diode in this embodiment is grounded, and its negative electrode is connected to the line between the bridge rectifier circuit and the energy storage module, and the positive electrode D203 of the zener diode is used to prevent the voltage after rectification from being too high. A Schottky diode is connected in series on the line between the energy collection module and the energy storage module in this embodiment. Figure 2 Specifically, it is a Schottky diode D206, the anode of the Schottky diode D206 is connected to the energy collection module, and the cathode of the Schottky diode D206 is connected to the energy storage module. Figure 2 The J201 interface is connected to the current transformer, and the J202 interface is connected to the photovoltaic panel.

[0042] The energy management module of this embodiment also includes an overvoltage protection module connected to the energy storage module, and the overvoltage protection module is used to monitor the voltage of the energy storage module, and discharge the electric energy stored in the energy storage module when the voltage of the energy storage module exceeds the set discharge threshold. The overvoltage protection module of this embodiment includes a voltage comparator U201, a power resistor R201 and a first NMOS tube Q201, wherein the input end of the voltage comparator U201 is connected to the energy storage module, and its output end is connected to the gate of the first NMOS tube Q201, and the two ends of the power resistor R201 are respectively connected to the input end of the voltage comparator and the drain of the first NMOS tube Q201, and the source of the first NMOS tube Q201 is grounded. The voltage comparator U201, the power resistor R201 and the first NMOS tube Q201 of this embodiment form an OVP protection circuit to prevent charging from exceeding the threshold.

[0043] The energy storage module of this embodiment uses energy storage capacitors or batteries to store the electric energy collected from the current transformer and the photovoltaic panel. Figure 2 The energy storage module uses a farad capacitor, and the energy collection module is preferably implemented using an ultra-low power consumption energy receiving chip BQ25505, which is a power boost chip with integrated MPPT function and can collect microwatt (μW) to milliwatt (mW) level electrical energy. In this embodiment, overvoltage protection is performed by an overvoltage protection module (OVP), which is implemented through voltage detection. When the threshold is exceeded, it is discharged through a resistor to avoid damage to the energy storage module due to exceeding the storage voltage upper limit and causing damage to the back-end chip.

[0044] The power management module of this embodiment includes a hysteresis comparator, a DC / DC conversion module and a power switch, wherein the hysteresis comparator is connected to the DC / DC conversion module, the hysteresis comparator and the DC / DC conversion module are both connected to the energy storage module, and the DC / DC conversion module is connected to the microcontroller and the power switch, wherein: the hysteresis comparator is used to monitor the upper and lower limits of the energy storage voltage threshold of the energy storage module, and when the energy storage module voltage reaches the set upper threshold, the DC / DC conversion module is enabled, and when the energy storage voltage reaches the set lower threshold, the DC / DC conversion module is turned off; the DC / DC conversion module is used to boost or buck the DC power output by the energy storage module to ensure stable output; the power switch is connected to the active components in the current monitor, and is used to receive the control signal generated by the microcontroller to control the on and off of the power supply line of the active components in the current monitor. The hysteresis comparator of this embodiment is preferably implemented by the MIC841HYC5 chip, the DC / DC conversion module is preferably implemented by the Buck / Boost power chip, and the power switch is preferably implemented by the MOSFET.

[0045] The signal sampling and energy collection switching module of this embodiment includes a first PNP transistor Q103, a second NMOS transistor Q101, a third NMOS transistor Q102, a first resistor R102 and a second resistor R107, wherein the emitter of the first PNP transistor Q103 is connected to the microcontroller for receiving a control signal of the microcontroller, one end of the second resistor R107 is connected to the base of the first PNP transistor Q103, and the other end thereof is grounded. The gate of the second NMOS tube Q101 is connected to the gate of the third NMOS tube Q102, the source of the second NMOS tube Q101 is connected to the source of the third NMOS tube Q102, one end of the first resistor R102 is connected to the line between the source of the second NMOS tube Q101 and the source of the third NMOS tube Q102, and the other end is connected to the line between the gate of the second NMOS tube Q101 and the gate of the third NMOS tube Q102, and the connection node of the line between the gate of the second NMOS tube Q101 and the gate of the third NMOS tube Q102 is the first node, and the collector of the first PNP transistor Q103 is connected to the first node. The drain of the second NMOS tube Q101 is connected to the current transformer, and the drain of the third NMOS tube Q102 is connected to the signal processing module. One output end of the current transformer is connected to the signal processing module through the signal sampling and energy collection switching module, and the other output end of the current transformer is grounded when it is connected to the signal processing module. The signal processing module of this embodiment is provided with a sampling resistor R103. When this embodiment is applied, when energy is collected, the emitter of the first PNP transistor Q103 inputs a low level, the second NMOS tube Q101 and the third NMOS tube Q102 block the current input, and prevent the sampling resistor R103 from pulling down the entire secondary side voltage, and the secondary side energy of the current transformer will be output to the energy storage end. When signal collection is performed, the emitter of the first PNP transistor Q103 inputs a high level, the second NMOS tube Q101 and the third NMOS tube Q102 form a path, and the secondary side electricity of the current transformer will be output to the sampling resistor R103 to form a voltage signal at the mV level.

[0046] The signal processing module of this embodiment is implemented by an operational amplifier or an electric energy metering chip, wherein the operational amplifier is used to receive the current signal sent by the current transformer and amplify it to the set microcontroller processing level and send it to the microcontroller, and the electric energy metering chip receives the current signal sent by the current transformer and sends it to the microcontroller after signal amplification, ADC conversion, filtering and data processing calculation. When the operational amplifier is used in this embodiment, the operational amplifier is preferably implemented by the current sensing amplifier INA199, and when the electric energy metering chip is used in this embodiment, the electric energy metering chip is preferably implemented by the HLW8112 metering chip. When the signal processing module is implemented by the electric energy metering chip, such as Figure 3As shown, the signal processing module of this embodiment includes a sampling resistor R103, a resistor R101, a resistor R105, a capacitor C102, a capacitor C103, a capacitor C104 and an electric energy metering chip U102, two ends of the sampling resistor R103 are respectively connected to the drain of the third NMOS tube Q102 and an output end of the current transformer, one end of the resistor R101 is connected to one end of the sampling resistor R103, and the other end thereof is connected to the IAP pin of the electric energy metering chip U102; one end of the capacitor C102 is connected to the resistor R 101 is connected to the line between the energy metering chip U102 and the other end thereof is grounded; one end of the resistor R105 is connected to one end of the sampling resistor R103, and the other end thereof is connected to the IAN pin of the energy metering chip U102; one end of the capacitor C103 is connected to the line between the resistor R105 and the energy metering chip U102, and the other end thereof is grounded; one end of the sampling resistor R103 is connected to the resistor R105 and is grounded; one end of the capacitor C104 is connected to the VREF pin of the energy metering chip U102, and the other end thereof is grounded. Figure 3 The signal processing module is implemented by using the energy metering chip U102 and its peripheral components in conjunction with the sampling resistor R103. The sampling resistor R103 forms a voltage signal at the mV level, which is amplified inside the energy metering chip U102. The ADC samples, filters, and calculates the corresponding current data. The microcontroller reads the corresponding register through the SPI bus to complete the current data sampling. Figure 3 The middle power control switch U101, when its 3rd pin is at a high level, turns on the power supply to the power metering chip U102, and turns off the power supply when it is at a low level.

[0047] When this embodiment is applied, the photovoltaic panel uses the ambient light around the device to generate electrical energy. The current transformer generates a voltage and current proportional to the current by sensing the current in the industrial frequency AC circuit of the electrical equipment in the working state. The current transformer outputs an AC signal for rectification and voltage stabilization by the AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel outputs low-voltage direct current and achieves high-voltage output through ultra-low power consumption DCDC and MPPT boost, thereby maximizing the output conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel. The energy management module collects electrical energy from the photovoltaic panel and the current transformer, and finally stores the converted energy to ensure a stable power supply for the system. The microcontroller is responsible for coordinating the power consumption of the entire system and extending the life of the energy storage module by disconnecting unnecessary power supply lines of components.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] Overheating of the cable and high ambient temperature may cause current overload, posing the risk of fire. Excessive humidity may lead to water leakage in the surrounding area, causing corrosion, insulation failure, etc. In order to monitor the power environment of the monitored electrical equipment, this embodiment makes the following further limitations on the basis of Embodiment 1: This embodiment also includes a temperature and humidity sensor connected to the microcontroller, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor is used to collect current ambient temperature and humidity data at set time intervals and send it to the microcontroller. The microcontroller compares the acquired temperature and humidity data with the set temperature and humidity thresholds, and generates a warning message when the set thresholds are exceeded. When this embodiment is applied, the data collected by the temperature and humidity sensor is processed by the microcontroller and sent to the wireless transmission module, which transmits the data wirelessly to a remote receiver. Figure 3 As shown, the temperature and humidity sensor of this embodiment also controls whether to supply power through the power control switch U101. When the third pin of the power control switch U101 is at a high level, the power supply is turned on, and when the pin is at a low level, the power supply is turned off.

[0050] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply, characterized in that: It includes a current transformer, a photovoltaic panel, an energy management module, a power management module, a microcontroller, a wireless transmission module, a signal sampling and energy collection switching module and a signal processing module, wherein: The current transformer is connected to the energy management module and the signal processing module, and is used to collect the current in the industrial frequency AC circuit of the electrical equipment in the working state and convert it into a small current signal of a set proportion and send it to the signal processing module, or convert it into an AC current of a set proportion and send it to the energy management module; A photovoltaic panel, connected to the energy management module, for converting light energy into electrical energy and sending the electrical energy to the energy management module; An energy management module, connected to the power management module, is used to collect and store electrical energy from the current transformer and the photovoltaic panel for scheduling by the power management module; The power management module is connected to the microcontroller and other active components in the current monitor, and obtains electric energy from the energy management module to power the microcontroller and the active components in the current monitor; and is used to receive the control signal generated by the microcontroller to control the on and off of the power supply circuit of the active components in the current monitor; The signal sampling and energy collection switching module is used to receive the control signal of the microcontroller and control the line between the current transformer and the energy management module and the line between the current transformer and the signal processing module to be connected; A signal processing module, used for receiving the current signal sent by the current transformer and amplifying it to a set microcontroller processing level before sending it to the microcontroller; The microcontroller is used to generate a control signal for controlling the on / off of the power supply line of the active components in the current monitor and send it to the power management module; it is used to receive the signal sent by the signal processing module and calculate the actual current value, and then send the current value to the wireless transmission module; The wireless transmission module is used to receive the current value sent by the microcontroller and wirelessly transmit the calculated current value to a receiver that remotely interacts with the current monitor.

2. The current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy management module includes an AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module, an energy collection module and an energy storage module, wherein: An AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module is connected to the current transformer and is used to convert the AC power output by the current transformer into DC power and send it to the energy storage module; An energy collection module is connected to the photovoltaic panel and is used to obtain the electrical energy sent by the photovoltaic panel and send it to the energy storage module; The energy storage module is used to receive the electric energy output by the AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module and the energy collection module.

3. The current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The AC / DC rectifier and voltage regulator module includes a bridge rectifier circuit composed of four Schottky diodes and a voltage regulator diode, the two input ends of the bridge rectifier circuit are respectively connected to the two output ends of the current transformer in a one-to-one correspondence, one output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected to the energy storage module, and the other output end is grounded; the positive electrode of the voltage regulator diode is grounded, and the negative electrode thereof is connected to the line between the bridge rectifier circuit and the energy storage module; A Schottky diode is connected in series on the line between the energy collection module and the energy storage module. The anode of the Schottky diode is connected to the energy collection module, and the cathode of the Schottky diode is connected to the energy storage module.

4. The current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The energy management module also includes an overvoltage protection module connected to the energy storage module, and the overvoltage protection module is used to monitor the voltage of the energy storage module and discharge the electric energy stored in the energy storage module when the voltage of the energy storage module exceeds a set discharge threshold.

5. The current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The overvoltage protection module includes a voltage comparator, a power resistor and a first NMOS tube. The input end of the voltage comparator is connected to the energy storage module, and its output end is connected to the gate of the first NMOS tube. The two ends of the power resistor are respectively connected to the input end of the voltage comparator and the drain of the first NMOS tube, and the source of the first NMOS tube is grounded.

6. The current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module includes a hysteresis comparator, a DC / DC conversion module and a power switch, wherein the hysteresis comparator is connected to the DC / DC conversion module, the hysteresis comparator and the DC / DC conversion module are both connected to the energy storage module, and the DC / DC conversion module is connected to the microcontroller and the power switch, wherein: A hysteresis comparator is used to monitor the upper and lower limits of the energy storage voltage threshold of the energy storage module. When the energy storage module voltage reaches the set upper threshold, the DC / DC conversion module is enabled, and when the energy storage voltage reaches the set lower threshold, the DC / DC conversion module is turned off; A DC / DC conversion module, used to control the voltage increase or decrease of the DC power output by the energy storage module; The power switch is connected to the active components in the current monitor and is used to receive the control signal generated by the microcontroller to control the on and off of the power supply circuit of the active components in the current monitor.

7. The current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal sampling and energy collection switching module includes a first PNP transistor, a second NMOS transistor, a third NMOS transistor, a first resistor and a second resistor. The emitter of the first PNP transistor is connected to a microcontroller for receiving a control signal of the microcontroller. One end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the first PNP transistor, and the other end thereof is grounded. The gate of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the gate of the third NMOS transistor, and the source of the second NMOS transistor is connected to the source of the third NMOS transistor. One end of the first resistor is connected to the line between the source of the second NMOS transistor and the source of the third NMOS transistor, and the other end thereof is connected to the line between the gate of the second NMOS transistor and the gate of the third NMOS transistor. The connection node of the line between the gate of the second NMOS transistor and the gate of the third NMOS transistor of the first resistor is a first node, and the collector of the first PNP transistor is connected to the first node. The drain of the second NMOS transistor is connected to a current transformer, and the drain of the third NMOS transistor is connected to a signal processing module.

8. The current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel achieves voltage boost through a DCDC module and MPPT.

9. The current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing module is implemented by an operational amplifier or an electric energy metering chip. The operational amplifier is used to receive the current signal sent by the current transformer and amplify it to a set microcontroller processing level and send it to the microcontroller. The electric energy metering chip receives the current signal sent by the current transformer and sends it to the microcontroller after signal amplification, ADC conversion, filtering and data processing calculation.

10. The current monitor based on photovoltaic panels and current transformers for power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature and humidity sensor connected to the microcontroller, which is used to collect current environmental temperature and humidity data at set time intervals and send them to the microcontroller. The microcontroller compares the acquired temperature and humidity data with set temperature and humidity thresholds, and generates an early warning message when the set thresholds are exceeded.

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