Compound fertilizer containing fungus extract and preparation method of compound fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound fertilizer containing fungus extract and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of compound fertilizer production, the compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, borax, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, a wrapping agent, paecilomyces variotii extract and alternaria tenuissima protein, the wrapping agent is prepared from the following raw materials: sodium alginate oligosaccharide, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, glycerol, polyvinyl alcohol and talcum powder, mixing the wrapping agent, paecilomyces variotii extract and alternaria tenuissima protein to prepare a wrapping solution, and forming a coating film on the surfaces of crushed and granulated fertilizer particles by using a coating machine, and drying to obtain the compound fertilizer containing the fungus extract. Through the synergistic effect of the two fungus extracts, the fertilizer utilization rate of crops is improved, crop growth is promoted, resistance is enhanced, the fertilizer use efficiency is further improved through the coating slow release effect, and the crop yield is greatly increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of compound fertilizer production, and in particular relates to a compound fertilizer containing fungus extract and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale application of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural production, problems such as soil degradation, decline in crop quality, and deterioration of the ecological environment have gradually emerged, posing a threat to my country's food and environmental safety.

[0003] Compound fertilizer is a kind of fertilizer composed of multiple elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. It has the advantages of comprehensive nutrients and stable fertilizer effect. It is suitable for various crops and soils. If these fertilizers are properly used, they can provide sufficient nutritional support for crop growth and reduce environmental hazards. Therefore, when planting crops, it is necessary to pay special attention to the utilization efficiency of fertilizers. At present, chemical fertilizers are applied to the soil for crop absorption, and their utilization rate is generally not high. For example, the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer for rice is about 50%, and the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer is 20%-30%. The utilization rate of fertilizers is directly related to the yield and quality of crops. However, in actual situations, the absorption efficiency of crops for nutrients is low, which not only limits the increase in rice production, but also is not conducive to cost control. Based on this situation, it is necessary to explore scientific fertilizer formulas to increase the absorption of fertilizer components by crops and improve the yield and quality of crops. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a compound fertilizer containing fungus extract and a preparation method thereof, so as to promote the absorption of nutrients in the fertilizer by crops to increase yield.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention provides a compound fertilizer containing fungal extracts, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: 20-30 parts of urea, 35-55 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 40-60 parts of potassium chloride, 1-1.5 parts of borax, 1.4-2.2 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-1.5 parts of copper sulfate, 1.5-2 parts of iron sulfate, 3-5 parts of a coating agent, 0.001-0.004 parts of a Paecilomyces variotii extract and 0.002-006 parts of a protein of Alternaria tenuissima.

[0007] The raw materials of the encapsulating agent include, by mass percentage, 3-5% sodium alginate oligosaccharide, 5-10% sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 10-15% glycerol, 0.5-1.5% polyvinyl alcohol, and the balance is talcum powder.

[0008] Sodium alginate oligosaccharides in the encapsulant can improve crop drought resistance by stimulating the synthesis of abscisic acid.

[0009] Paecilomyces variotii extract is a new type of biostimulant with extremely high activity. It is extracted from the mycelium of endophytic Paecilomyces variotii of wild seabuckthorn. Its main components include small molecule oligosaccharides, amino acids, pyrimidine nucleosides, glycoproteins, polypeptides and other growth-promoting substances. It has high safety and plays a significant role in promoting crop growth, improving crop disease resistance, stress resistance, and increasing crop yield and quality.

[0010] The protein of Alternaria tenuissima contains the activation proteins PeaT1 and Hrip1, which can promote the growth of plant roots, enhance plant immunity, and achieve the effect of preventing and controlling diseases and pests.

[0011] Preferably, the compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 25 parts of urea, 45 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 50 parts of potassium chloride, 1.3 parts of borax, 1.8 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.3 parts of copper sulfate, 1.7 parts of iron sulfate, 3.5-4.5 parts of anti-caking agent, 0.002-0.003 parts of Paecilomyces variotii extract and 0.003-005 parts of Alternaria superba protein.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the Paecilomyces variotii extract is as follows:

[0013] The spores of Paecilomyces variotii were inoculated on a PDA plate, and the seed liquid was obtained after constant temperature culture at 28°C for 72 hours. The seed liquid was inoculated into a potato glucose liquid culture medium for fermentation to obtain a fermentation liquid. The mycelium in the fermentation liquid was separated and collected, washed, dried and then crushed. Anhydrous ethanol was added according to the mycelium solid content of 5 mg / mL, and the mycelium was filtered after extraction. The filtrate was freeze-dried to obtain a Paecilomyces variotii extract.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the Alternaria tenuissima protein is as follows:

[0015] The hyphae of Alternaria tenuissima were inoculated on a PDA plate, and the plate was cultured at 28°C for 72 hours to obtain a seed solution, which was inoculated into a potato glucose liquid culture medium for fermentation to obtain a fermentation solution, 0.5M Tris-HCl buffer was added, and the plate was ultrasonically crushed for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was obtained by centrifugation. Ammonium sulfate was added and stirred for 10 minutes, and the precipitate was centrifuged. The Alternaria tenuissima protein was obtained after washing and drying.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method of the encapsulating agent is as follows:

[0017] Sodium alginate oligosaccharide is dissolved in deionized water with a solution mass concentration of 20%. After adding talcum powder, stir and mix evenly. After heating to 50° C., polyvinyl alcohol and glycerol are added to the solution in sequence. After stirring and cooling, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is added and mixed evenly to obtain a coating agent.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a compound fertilizer containing a fungus extract, comprising the following steps:

[0019] (1) weighing the encapsulating agent, the extract of Paecilomyces variotii and the protein of Alternaria tenuissima in proportion and mixing them evenly to obtain an encapsulating liquid;

[0020] (2) weighing urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, borax, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and ferric sulfate in proportion, crushing and mixing them for later use;

[0021] (3) The crushed material obtained in (2) is transferred to a granulator for granulation, and after drying, screening and cooling, it is put into a coating machine, and the nozzle sprays the coating liquid, and after drying, a compound fertilizer is obtained.

[0022] The surface of the fertilizer particles is coated with a coating liquid to avoid adhesion between particles, reduce cracks caused by collision, and facilitate use.

[0023] Preferably, the mixing method for uniform mixing in (1) is mechanical stirring, the stirring speed is 200-500 r / min, and the mixing is uniform until there is no powder agglomeration in the coating liquid.

[0024] Preferably, the particle size of the material after crushing in (2) is 0.01-0.1 mm.

[0025] Preferably, the drying temperature after the coating machine in (3) is 30-40°C.

[0026] Preferably, the particle size of the particles after granulation in (3) is 2-3 mm.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] (1) Adding Paecilomyces variotii extract and Alternaria tenuissima protein to the coating layer, the Paecilomyces variotii extract promotes plant growth by promoting nitrogen and phosphorus absorption and transport and the synthesis of auxin, and by increasing the enzyme activity in the plant body, reducing Na + / K + and malondialdehyde content, improving the plant's resistance to abiotic stress (salt resistance, low temperature resistance); the activator protein in the Alternaria supercilii protein activates the plant SA signal transduction pathway, promotes the accumulation of disease-resistant related substances, and improves resistance to pathogens. The synergistic effect of the two can improve crop absorption of fertilizers and crop resistance, thereby increasing yield.

[0029] (2) The Paecilomyces variotii extract and Alternaria tenuissima protein in the coating layer are mixed with the encapsulating agent, and the encapsulating agent is used to form a protective layer to prevent the heavy metal ions in the fertilizer from causing protein denaturation during storage. The fertilizer particles are then wrapped on the surface of the fertilizer particles. Water penetrates into the coating layer. Based on the gradual dissolution of the coating layer and the concentration gradient inside and outside, the Paecilomyces variotii extract and Alternaria tenuissima protein are gradually released, activating the internal growth system of the crop. The subsequent release of the fertilizer can be efficiently absorbed by the crop, promoting crop growth. Under the action of the encapsulating agent, the effective components of the Paecilomyces variotii extract, Alternaria tenuissima protein and the fertilizer are slowly released, avoiding a large amount of release and loss with water, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] The present embodiment provides a compound fertilizer containing fungal extracts, which includes the following raw materials, by weight: 25 parts of urea, 45 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 50 parts of potassium chloride, 1.3 parts of borax, 1.8 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.3 parts of copper sulfate, 1.7 parts of iron sulfate, 4.5 parts of encapsulating agent, 0.002 parts of Paecilomyces variotii extract and 0.003 parts of Alternaria superba protein.

[0033] The preparation steps of the above-mentioned compound fertilizer are as follows:

[0034] (1) Preparation of Paecilomyces variotii extract:

[0035] The spores of Paecilomyces variotii were inoculated on a PDA plate, and the seed liquid was obtained after constant temperature culture at 28°C for 72 hours. The seed liquid was inoculated into a potato glucose liquid culture medium for fermentation to obtain a fermentation liquid. The mycelium in the fermentation liquid was separated and collected, washed, dried and then crushed. Anhydrous ethanol was added according to the mycelium solid content of 5 mg / mL, and the mycelium was filtered after extraction. The filtrate was freeze-dried to obtain a Paecilomyces variotii extract.

[0036] (2) Preparation of Alternaria superba protein:

[0037] The hyphae of Alternaria tenuissima were inoculated on a PDA plate, and the plate was cultured at 28°C for 72 hours to obtain a seed solution, which was inoculated into a potato glucose liquid culture medium for fermentation to obtain a fermentation solution, 0.5M Tris-HCl buffer was added, and the plate was ultrasonically crushed for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was obtained by centrifugation. Ammonium sulfate was added and stirred for 10 minutes, and the precipitate was centrifuged. The Alternaria tenuissima protein was obtained after washing and drying.

[0038] (3) Preparation of encapsulating agent

[0039] The raw materials of the encapsulating agent include, by mass percentage, 4% sodium alginate oligosaccharide, 6% sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 12% glycerol, 1% polyvinyl alcohol and 77% talcum powder.

[0040] Sodium alginate oligosaccharide is dissolved in deionized water with a solution mass concentration of 20%. After adding talcum powder, stir and mix evenly. After heating to 50° C., polyvinyl alcohol and glycerol are added to the solution in sequence. After stirring and cooling, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is added and mixed evenly to obtain a coating agent.

[0041] (4) Preparation of compound fertilizer

[0042] The coating agent, the extract of Paecilomyces variotii and the protein of Alternaria tenuissima are weighed in proportion and mixed evenly with a mechanical stirrer at 300r / min, and stirred until there is no powder agglomeration in the coating liquid to obtain the coating liquid. Urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, borax, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and iron sulfate are weighed in proportion and crushed to 0.01-0.1mm, mixed and put into a granulator for granulation, and the particle size is 2-3mm. After drying, screening and cooling, the particles are put into a coating machine, and the coating liquid is sprayed from the nozzle. After drying at 30-40℃, the compound fertilizer is obtained.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The difference from Example 1 is that the weight portion of the Paecilomyces variotii extract in the compound fertilizer is 0.0025 parts, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] The difference from Example 1 is that the weight portion of the Paecilomyces variotii extract in the compound fertilizer is 0.003 parts, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] The difference from Example 1 is that the weight portion of Alternaria tenuissima protein in the compound fertilizer is 0.004 parts, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] The difference from Example 1 is that the weight portion of Alternaria tenuissima protein in the compound fertilizer is 0.005 parts, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0051] Example 6

[0052] The difference from Example 1 is that the weight proportion of the encapsulating agent in the compound fertilizer is 4 parts, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0053] Example 7

[0054] The difference from Example 1 is that the weight proportion of the encapsulating agent in the compound fertilizer is 3.5 parts, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] Compared with Example 1, the compound fertilizer provided in this comparative example does not contain the extract of Paecilomyces variotii, the weight portion of Alternaria tenuissima protein is 0.005 parts, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] Compared with Example 1, the compound fertilizer provided in this comparative example does not contain Alternaria tenuissima protein, the weight portion of the Paecilomyces variotii extract is 0.005 parts, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 3

[0060] Compared with Example 1, the compound fertilizer provided in this comparative example has the extract of Paecilomyces variotii and the protein of Alternaria tenuissima added directly to the fertilizer, and the proportion of the raw materials is the same as that in Example 1. The specific steps are as follows:

[0061] (1) Preparation of Paecilomyces variotii extract:

[0062] The spores of Paecilomyces variotii were inoculated on a PDA plate, and the seed liquid was obtained after constant temperature culture at 28°C for 72 hours. The seed liquid was inoculated into a potato glucose liquid culture medium for fermentation to obtain a fermentation liquid. The mycelium in the fermentation liquid was separated and collected, washed, dried and then crushed. Anhydrous ethanol was added according to the mycelium solid content of 5 mg / mL, and the mycelium was filtered after extraction. The filtrate was freeze-dried to obtain a Paecilomyces variotii extract.

[0063] (2) Preparation of Alternaria superba protein:

[0064] The hyphae of Alternaria tenuissima were inoculated on a PDA plate, and the plate was cultured at 28°C for 72 hours to obtain a seed solution, which was inoculated into a potato glucose liquid culture medium for fermentation to obtain a fermentation solution, 0.5M Tris-HCl buffer was added, and the plate was ultrasonically crushed for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was obtained by centrifugation. Ammonium sulfate was added and stirred for 10 minutes, and the precipitate was centrifuged. The Alternaria tenuissima protein was obtained after washing and drying.

[0065] (3) Preparation of encapsulating agent

[0066] Sodium alginate oligosaccharide is dissolved in deionized water with a solution mass concentration of 20%. After adding talcum powder, stir and mix evenly. After heating to 50° C., polyvinyl alcohol and glycerol are added to the solution in sequence. After stirring and cooling, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is added and mixed evenly to obtain a coating agent.

[0067] (4) Preparation of compound fertilizer

[0068] Urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, borax, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and ferric sulfate are weighed in proportion and crushed to 0.01-0.1 mm. After mixing, add the extract of Paecilomyces variotii and Alternaria superfine protein. After stirring, put into a granulator for granulation. The particle size is 2-3 mm. After drying, sieving and cooling, put into a coating machine. The nozzle sprays the coating liquid, which is the coating agent. After drying at 30-40°C, a compound fertilizer is obtained.

[0069] Comparative Example 4

[0070] Compared with Example 1, the compound fertilizer provided in this comparative example does not contain the extract of Paecilomyces variotii and the protein of Alternaria tenuissima, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0071] Taking rice as a crop, the compound fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were used for planting, and other planting conditions remained the same. The growth results of rice are shown in Table 1:

[0072] Table 1

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] As can be seen from Table 1, in Examples 1 to 3, the increase of Paecilomyces variotii extract can improve the absorption and utilization rate of fertilizers by plants and promote growth on the one hand, and can improve the resistance of rice on the other hand, and the yield of rice increases, but its addition amount is limited to a certain extent. Excessive addition reduces the impact on yield and increases costs. In Examples 4 and 5, the amount of Alternaria superfine protein added in Example 1 is adjusted, and the Alternaria superfine protein has a growth-promoting effect on rice and an increase in yield rate that is not as good as the Paecilomyces variotii extract. However, combined with the results of Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, the addition of one component alone is not as good as the effect of adding Paecilomyces variotii extract and Alternaria superfine protein at the same time. There is a synergistic effect between the two, which is conducive to the increase in yield rate. In Examples 6 and 7, the proportion of the encapsulating agent in the encapsulating liquid is reduced. Too little encapsulating agent will reduce the protective effect on the fungal extract, reduce the activity of the corresponding extract, and reduce the sustained release effect, resulting in the growth and yield of rice being not as good as Example 1. Taking Comparative Example 3 as the control group, the compound fertilizer prepared by adding the extract to the coating agent in Example 1 has better effect. The yield increase rate of Example 1 is 11.2% based on that of Comparative Example 4.

[0076] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A compound fertilizer containing fungal extract, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials by weight: 20-30 parts of urea, 35-55 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 40-60 parts of potassium chloride, 1-1.5 parts of borax, 1.4-2.2 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-1.5 parts of copper sulfate, 1.5-2 parts of iron sulfate, 3-5 parts of encapsulating agent, 0.001-0.004 parts of Paecilomyces variotii extract and 0.002-006 parts of Alternaria tenuis protein; The raw materials of the encapsulating agent include, by mass percentage, 3-5% sodium alginate oligosaccharide, 5-10% sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 10-15% glycerol, 0.5-1.5% polyvinyl alcohol, and the balance is talcum powder.

2. The compound fertilizer containing fungal extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 25 parts of urea, 45 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 50 parts of potassium chloride, 1.3 parts of borax, 1.8 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.3 parts of copper sulfate, 1.7 parts of iron sulfate, 3.5-4.5 parts of encapsulating agent, 0.002-0.003 parts of Paecilomyces variotii extract and 0.003-005 parts of Alternaria tenuis protein.

3. The compound fertilizer containing fungal extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Paecilomyces variotii extract is as follows: The spores of Paecilomyces variotii were inoculated on a PDA plate, and the seed liquid was obtained after constant temperature culture at 28°C for 72 hours. The seed liquid was inoculated into a potato glucose liquid culture medium for fermentation to obtain a fermentation liquid. The mycelium in the fermentation liquid was separated and collected, washed, dried and then crushed. Anhydrous ethanol was added according to the mycelium solid content of 5 mg / mL, and the mycelium was filtered after extraction. The filtrate was freeze-dried to obtain a Paecilomyces variotii extract.

4. The compound fertilizer containing fungal extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Alternaria tenuissima protein is as follows: The mycelium of Alternaria tenuissima was inoculated on a PDA plate, and the plate was cultured at 28°C for 72 hours to obtain a seed solution, which was inoculated into a potato glucose liquid culture medium for fermentation to obtain a fermentation solution, 0.5 M Tris-HCl buffer was added, and the plate was ultrasonically crushed for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was obtained by centrifugation. Ammonium sulfate was added and stirred for 10 minutes, and the precipitate was centrifuged. The Alternaria tenuissima protein was obtained after washing and drying.

5. The compound fertilizer containing fungal extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the encapsulating agent is as follows: Sodium alginate oligosaccharide is dissolved in deionized water with a solution mass concentration of 20%. After adding talcum powder, stir and mix evenly. After heating to 50° C., polyvinyl alcohol and glycerol are added to the solution in sequence. After stirring and cooling, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is added and mixed evenly to obtain a coating agent.

6. A method for preparing a compound fertilizer containing fungal extract according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) weighing the encapsulating agent, the extract of Paecilomyces variotii and the protein of Alternaria tenuissima in proportion and mixing them evenly to obtain an encapsulating liquid; (2) weighing urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, borax, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and ferric sulfate in proportion, crushing and mixing them for later use; (3) The crushed material obtained in (2) is transferred to a granulator for granulation, and after drying, screening and cooling, it is put into a coating machine, and the nozzle sprays the coating liquid, and after drying, a compound fertilizer is obtained.

7. The method for preparing a compound fertilizer containing fungal extract according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mixing method for uniform mixing in (1) is mechanical stirring, the stirring speed is 200-500r / min, and the mixing is uniform until there is no powder agglomeration in the coating liquid.

8. The method for preparing a compound fertilizer containing fungal extract according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle size of the material after crushing in (2) is 0.01-0.1 mm.

9. The method for preparing a compound fertilizer containing fungal extract according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drying temperature after the coating machine in (3) is 30-40°C.

10. The method for preparing a compound fertilizer containing fungal extract according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle size of the particles after granulation in (3) is 2-3 mm.

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