Crusher and use method thereof
By using a counter-rotating secondary grinding knife in a vertical metal crusher for secondary crushing, the problem of uneven particle size of the finished product is solved, the crushing efficiency and metal recovery rate are improved, and the automation of the equipment is improved by automatically eliminating foreign matter and Security.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411775647.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-11
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The existing vertical metal crusher only undergoes crushing treatment once, resulting in uneven particle size of the finished product, which cannot meet the different recycling and reuse needs, increasing the difficulty of subsequent processing and operating costs.
The first rotating column and the second rotating column are used to drive the secondary gear knife to rotate oppositely, forming strong shear and impact forces, performing secondary crushing, ensuring the consistency of the finished particle size, and automatically eliminating hard foreign objects through the foreign matter discharge system.
It improves the crushing efficiency, ensures the consistency of the finished product particle size, meets different recycling and reuse needs, improves the purity and recovery rate of metals, increases economic benefits, and improves the automation level and safety of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN119406523A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal crushing equipment, and in particular to a crusher and a use method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Vertical metal pulverizer, also known as vertical crusher, is specially designed for efficient processing of various scrap metals, including but not limited to scrap aluminum, scrap iron, scrap car bodies, automobile aluminum boxes, car slices, wheels, old home appliances, motors, rolling shutters, color steel tiles, cans, scrap aluminum alloy door and window scraps, scrap non-ferrous metal purification, tinplate, bicycles, empty cans, etc. The equipment crushes these waste materials to make them high-quality metal raw materials for further smelting and recycling. Vertical metal pulverizer is suitable for the processing of a variety of scrap metal materials. Through the vertical design, the equipment can quickly and effectively crush large pieces of scrap metal and improve the recycling efficiency. It can handle scrap metals of various hardness and shapes, including thin plates, thick plates and irregular shapes. By crushing scrap metal, the volume is reduced, which is convenient for transportation and subsequent processing, and at the same time helps to reduce environmental pollution. The crushed metal particles can be directly used in recycled metal production to improve resource utilization. The equipment is easy to operate and maintain, reducing labor costs and is suitable for use in scrap metal processing plants of different sizes.
[0003] The existing vertical metal crusher only crushes metal waste once. The particle size of the crushed metal waste is uneven, which cannot meet the needs of different recycling and reuse. There is no effect of secondary crushing and does not meet different particle size requirements. As a result, the uneven particle size of metal waste will increase the difficulty of subsequent processing and reduce the overall recycling efficiency. The unrefined metal particles may not meet some higher requirements of recycling processes, resulting in waste of resources. Large particles of metal waste may generate more dust and noise pollution during transportation and storage. Metal waste with uneven particle size requires more manpower and equipment for further classification and processing, which increases operating costs. Different recycled metal processes have specific requirements for the particle size of metal particles. The uneven particle size may not meet these process requirements, limiting the selection and optimization of the process. At the same time, the automation level and safety of the existing vertical metal crusher need to be further improved.
[0004] In view of the above technical defects, a solution is now proposed. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is that the first rotating column and the second rotating column drive a plurality of sub-gear cutters to rotate in opposite directions, thereby forming a strong shearing and impact force, further crushing the scrap metal after the initial crushing, improving the crushing efficiency, and being able to evenly crush the scrap metal during the counter-rotation to ensure the consistency of the finished product particle size. The secondary crushing further refines the larger particles after the initial crushing to achieve a smaller finished product particle size, thereby meeting different recycling and reuse requirements, improving the purity and recovery rate of the metal, and increasing the economic benefits.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a crusher, comprising a crusher shell and a foreign matter removal system, the bottom surface of the crusher shell is evenly installed with shock absorbers, the bottom surfaces of several shock absorbers are installed with a main engine base, the top surface of the crusher shell is provided with a feed inlet, the interior of the crusher shell is provided with a crushing chamber, the outer surface of the crusher shell is provided with a crushing power assembly, the interior of the crusher shell is movably installed with a rotor main shaft, the outer surface of the rotor main shaft is evenly installed with cutter hammers, the outer surface of the rotor main shaft is evenly installed with a protective sleeve, the outer surface of the rotor main shaft is evenly installed with a main gear cutter, and the crusher A first rotating column is movably installed inside the shell, and a second rotating column is movably installed inside the crusher shell. Sub-gear cutters are evenly installed on the outer surfaces of the first rotating column and the second rotating column. Two material guide direction plates are installed inside the crusher shell, and a partition cavity is opened inside one of the material guide direction plates. A hydraulic rod is installed on the outer surface of the crusher shell, and a sealing plate is installed on the outer surface of the output end of the hydraulic rod, and the outer surface of the sealing plate is movably contacted with the inner surface of the partition cavity. A foreign matter discharge component is installed inside the crusher shell, and an explosion-proof port is installed on the outer surface of the crusher shell. Two discharge pipes are installed on the outer surface of the crusher shell.
[0007] Furthermore, the crushing power assembly includes a main motor and a main rotating shaft, the main motor is installed on the outer surface of the crusher housing, the main rotating shaft is installed on the outer surface of the output end of the main motor, and the outer surface of the main rotating shaft is installed with a main transmission wheel.
[0008] Furthermore, a slave transmission wheel is installed on the outer surface of the rotor main shaft, and a belt is movably installed on the outer surfaces of the main transmission wheel and the slave transmission wheel. A first driving gear is installed on the outer surface of the rotor main shaft, and a rotor slave shaft is movably installed inside the crusher shell, and a first driven gear is installed on the outer surface of the rotor slave shaft, and the outer surface of the first driving gear is meshed with the outer surface of the first driven gear.
[0009] Furthermore, a worm is mounted on the top surface of the rotor shaft, a turbine is mounted on the outer surface of the first rotating column, the outer surface of the worm is meshed with the outer surface of the turbine, a second driving gear is mounted on the outer surface of the first rotating column, a second driven gear is mounted on the outer surface of the second rotating column, and the outer surface of the second driving gear is meshed with the outer surface of the second driven gear.
[0010] Furthermore, the foreign matter discharge assembly includes an auxiliary motor and a foreign material outlet pipe, the foreign material outlet pipe is installed on the outer surface of the crusher housing, the auxiliary motor is installed on the outer surface of the foreign material outlet pipe, and a secondary rotating shaft is installed on the outer surface of the output end of the auxiliary motor.
[0011] Furthermore, an angle adjustment gear is installed on the outer surface of the secondary rotating shaft, a movable groove is opened inside the crusher shell, and a special material baffle is movably installed on the inner wall of the movable groove.
[0012] Furthermore, a gear bar is installed on the outer surface of the heterogeneous material baffle, and the outer surface of the gear bar is meshed with the outer surface of the angle adjustment gear.
[0013] Further, the foreign matter removal system includes a data acquisition unit, a crushing state analysis unit, a vibration threshold setting unit, a foreign matter judgment unit and a control unit; The data acquisition unit detects multiple vibration data of the cutter-tooth hammer through a vibration sensor arranged inside each cutter-tooth hammer, integrates the multiple sets of vibration data into a vibration data set and sends it to the crushing state analysis unit, and simultaneously acquires working time data through the crusher control assembly and sends it to the crushing state analysis unit; The crushing state analysis unit is used to obtain and process the vibration data set and the crushing time data, and analyze the difference △A of the vibration data set calculated along with the crushing time data. It can be seen that as the crushing time data increases, the difference △A of the vibration data set decreases and tends to be stable, and the final stable fluctuation value △Ai is obtained; The vibration threshold setting unit obtains a number of stable fluctuation values △Ai, and calculates the vibration average value △A1, and presets △A1 as the vibration threshold; The foreign body judgment unit is used to obtain a real-time vibration data set, and calculate the real-time fluctuation difference △A2, and compare the real-time fluctuation difference △A2 with the vibration threshold △A1. When the difference △A2 of the actual vibration data set is less than or equal to the vibration threshold △A1, it can be known that there is no foreign body in the crushing chamber. When the difference △A2 of the actual vibration data set is greater than the vibration threshold △A1, it can be known that there is a foreign body in the crushing chamber and a foreign body reminder signal is generated and sent to the control unit; The control unit is used to obtain a foreign matter reminder signal and control the switching of the foreign material baffle and the sealing plate to facilitate the removal of foreign matter.
[0014] Furthermore, the specific process of calculating the vibration average value △A1 is as follows: Obtain multiple stable fluctuation values △Ai, and substitute the multiple stable fluctuation values △Ai into the following average formula to calculate △A1: , is the ith value, and n is the total number of difference △A values of the stable vibration data set.
[0015] Further, a method for using a crusher comprises the following steps: S1: Various metal scraps are fed from the feed port, and the crushing power assembly is started. The crushing power assembly drives the rotor main shaft and the rotor slave shaft to rotate synchronously. The rotor main shaft drives a plurality of cutter hammers and a plurality of main gear cutters to rotate at high speed, and the plurality of cutter hammers and a plurality of main gear cutters crush the metal scraps; S2: After the initial crushing, the scrap metal flows through the guide plate to between several auxiliary gear cutters; S3: The rotor shaft drives the first rotating shaft and the second rotating column to rotate synchronously through the worm, the turbine, the second driving gear and the second driven gear, so that the first rotating column and the second rotating column rotate in opposite directions, so that the several auxiliary gear cutters can further evenly crush the metal waste after the initial crushing; S4: The evenly crushed metal waste is crushed, struck and stirred again by the knife-tooth hammer, so that the evenly crushed metal waste flows out from the discharge pipe; S5: When there is hard foreign metal inside the crushing chamber that cannot be crushed, the cutter-tooth hammer collides with the hard foreign metal to generate high-frequency vibration, controlling the hydraulic rod to work, moving the sealing plate to isolate the hard foreign matter, and then opening the foreign material baffle through the auxiliary motor, and then using the cutter-tooth hammer to push the foreign matter out and move it into the foreign material outlet pipe.
[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The crusher drives several sub-gear cutters to rotate in opposite directions through the first rotating column and the second rotating column, thereby forming strong shearing and impact forces, further crushing the scrap metal after the initial crushing, improving the crushing efficiency, and being able to evenly crush the scrap metal during the counter-rotation to ensure the consistency of the finished product particle size. The secondary crushing further refines the larger particles after the initial crushing to achieve a smaller finished product particle size, meeting different recycling and reuse requirements, improving the purity and recovery rate of the metal, and increasing economic benefits.
[0017] The crusher makes hard foreign metal fall on the material guide direction plate and the sealing plate, and connects the outlet pipe of the heterogeneous material with the crushing chamber. The cutter-tooth hammer continuously rotates to continuously collide and stir the hard foreign metal, and finally the hard foreign metal is automatically discharged from the outlet pipe of the heterogeneous material, thereby reducing the dependence on manual intervention, improving the automation level of the production process, reducing labor intensity, ensuring that the discharge process is rapid and effective, avoiding the retention of hard foreign metal in the crushing chamber, maintaining the normal operation of the equipment, extending the service life of the cutter-tooth hammer, improving the safety of the working environment, and reducing the risk of accidental injury.
[0018] The crusher crushes metal scraps through several cutter-tooth hammers and several main gear cutters. The high-speed rotating cutter-tooth hammers and main gear cutters crush the scrap metal quickly and efficiently, and can crush large pieces of scrap metal into smaller particles in a short time. The high-speed rotation of several cutter-tooth hammers and main gear cutters causes the scrap metal to be subjected to multiple blows and shearing effects in the crushing chamber, which helps to obtain a uniform finished product particle size, and can process scrap metals of different types and shapes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 The overall external structure schematic diagram of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crusher housing of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 The overall structural schematic diagram of the foreign matter discharge assembly of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 An exploded view of the material guide direction plate of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 The overall structural schematic diagram of the crushing power assembly of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crushing power assembly of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the crushing power assembly of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the foreign matter removal system of the present invention is shown; Legend: 1. Crusher housing; 2. Main machine base; 3. Feeding port; 4. Crushing chamber; 5. Main motor; 6. Main drive wheel; 7. Slave drive wheel; 8. Belt; 9. Shock absorber; 10. Discharge pipe; 11. Rotor main shaft; 12. Protective cover; 13. Explosion-proof port; 14. First driving gear; 15. First driven gear; 16. Main rotating shaft; 17. Rotor slave shaft; 18. Worm; 19. Turbine; 20. A rotating column; 21. A second rotating column; 22. A second driving gear; 23. A second driven gear; 24. A knife-tooth hammer; 25. A main gear cutter; 26. A secondary gear cutter; 27. A material outlet pipe; 28. A secondary motor; 29. A secondary rotating shaft; 30. Angle adjustment gear; 31. A gear bar; 32. A movable groove; 33. A material guide direction plate; 34. A material baffle plate; 35. A partition cavity; 36. A sealing plate; 37. A hydraulic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1
[0021] like Figure 1-7As shown, a crusher comprises a crusher housing 1 and a foreign matter removal system, the bottom surface of the crusher housing 1 is evenly installed with shock absorbers 9, the bottom surfaces of several shock absorbers 9 are installed with a main engine base 2, the top surface of the crusher housing 1 is provided with a feed inlet 3, the interior of the crusher housing 1 is provided with a crushing chamber 4, the outer surface of the crusher housing 1 is provided with a crushing power assembly, the interior of the crusher housing 1 is movably installed with a rotor main shaft 11, the outer surface of the rotor main shaft 11 is evenly installed with cutter hammers 24, the outer surface of the rotor main shaft 11 is evenly installed with a protective cover 12, and the outer surface of the rotor main shaft 11 is evenly installed with a main gear cutter 25, A first rotating column 20 is movably installed inside the crusher housing 1, and a second rotating column 21 is movably installed inside the crusher housing 1. The outer surfaces of the first rotating column 20 and the outer surfaces of the second rotating column 21 are evenly distributed and installed with auxiliary gear cutters 26. Two material guide direction plates 33 are installed inside the crusher housing 1, and a partition cavity 35 is opened inside one of the material guide direction plates 33. A hydraulic rod 37 is installed on the outer surface of the crusher housing 1. A sealing plate 36 is installed on the outer surface of the piston rod at the output end of the hydraulic rod 37. The piston rod at the output end of the hydraulic rod 37 is in movably contact with the inside of the material guide direction plate 33, and the outer surface of the sealing plate 36 is in contact with the inner surface of the partition cavity 35. The movable contact facilitates the piston rod at the output end of the hydraulic rod 37 to push the sealing plate 36 to move in the partition cavity 35, so that one end surface of the sealing plate 36 is in movable contact with the end surface of the other material guide direction plate 33. A foreign matter discharge component is installed inside the crusher shell 1, and an explosion-proof port 13 is installed on the outer surface of the crusher shell 1. Two discharge pipes 10 are installed on the outer surface of the crusher shell 1. The first rotating column 20 and the second rotating column 21 both drive a plurality of auxiliary gear cutters 26 to rotate in opposite directions, so that the initially crushed metal waste flows through the material guide direction plate 33 to between the plurality of auxiliary gear cutters 26, and is subjected to a secondary uniform crushing treatment. The first rotating column 20 and the second rotating column 21 are The two rotating columns 21 drive several auxiliary gear cutters 26 to rotate in opposite directions, forming strong shearing and impact forces, further crushing the scrap metal after the initial crushing, improving the crushing efficiency, and being able to evenly crush the scrap metal during the opposite rotation to ensure the consistency of the finished product particle size. Through secondary crushing, the larger particles after the initial crushing can be further refined to achieve a smaller finished product particle size to meet different recycling and reuse needs. Moreover, the effect of the secondary crushing can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the number and spacing of the auxiliary gear cutters 26 to meet different particle size requirements. The secondary uniform crushing can more thoroughly separate impurities in the scrap metal, improve the purity and recovery rate of the metal, and increase economic benefits.
[0022] The crushing power assembly includes a main motor 5 and a main rotating shaft 16. The main motor 5 is installed on the outer surface of the crusher housing 1. The main rotating shaft 16 is installed on the outer surface of the output end of the main motor 5. A main transmission wheel 6 is installed on the outer surface of the main rotating shaft 16. A slave transmission wheel 7 is installed on the outer surface of the rotor main shaft 11. A belt 8 is installed on the outer surface of the main transmission wheel 6 and the outer surface of the slave transmission wheel 7. A first driving gear 14 is installed on the outer surface of the rotor main shaft 11. A rotor slave shaft 17 is installed inside the crusher housing 1. A first driven gear 15 is installed on the outer surface of the rotor slave shaft 17. The outer surface of the first driving gear 14 is meshed with the outer surface of the first driven gear 15. A worm 18 is installed on the top surface of the rotor slave shaft 17. A turbine 19 is installed on the outer surface of the first rotating column 20. The outer surface of the worm 18 is meshed with the outer surface of the turbine 19. A second driving gear 2 is installed on the outer surface of the first rotating column 20. 2. A second driven gear 23 is installed on the outer surface of the second rotating column 21, and the outer surface of the second driving gear 22 meshes with the outer surface of the second driven gear 23. The main motor 5 drives the main rotating shaft 16 to rotate, and the main rotating shaft 16 synchronously drives the main transmission wheel 6 to rotate. The main transmission wheel 6 drives the slave transmission wheel 7 and the rotor main shaft 11 to rotate through the belt 8, so that the rotor main shaft 11 drives a plurality of cutter-tooth hammers 24 and a plurality of main gear cutters 25 to rotate at high speed, and the plurality of cutter-tooth hammers 24 and a plurality of main gear cutters 25 crush the metal waste. The high-speed rotating cutter-tooth hammers 24 and main gear cutters 25 crush the metal waste quickly and efficiently, and can crush large pieces of metal waste into smaller particles in a short time. The high-speed rotation of the plurality of cutter-tooth hammers 24 and the main gear cutters 25 causes the metal waste to be subjected to multiple blows and shearing in the crushing chamber, which is helpful to obtain a uniform finished product particle size, and can process metal waste of different types and shapes.
[0023] The foreign body discharge assembly includes an auxiliary motor 28 and a heterogeneous material outlet pipe 27. The heterogeneous material outlet pipe 27 is installed on the outer surface of the crusher housing 1. The auxiliary motor 28 is installed on the outer surface of the heterogeneous material outlet pipe 27. The outer surface of the output end of the auxiliary motor 28 is installed with an auxiliary rotating shaft 29. The outer surface of the auxiliary rotating shaft 29 is installed with an angle adjustment gear 30. A movable groove 32 is opened inside the crusher housing 1. A heterogeneous material baffle 34 is movably installed on the inner wall of the movable groove 32. A gear bar 31 is installed on the outer surface of the heterogeneous material baffle 34. The outer surface of the gear bar 31 is The outer surface of the angle adjustment gear 30 meshes with each other. When the initial crushing in the crushing chamber 4 lasts for a period of time, the reverse knife-tooth hammer 24 collides with the hard foreign metal to generate high-frequency vibration, and it is known that there is hard foreign metal in the crushing chamber 4. When the vibration sensor inside the knife-tooth hammer 24 senses the vibration, it transmits the signal to the controller, and the sealing plate 36 and the two guide direction plates 33 prevent the hard foreign metal from entering the next stage of crushing, so that the hard foreign metal falls on the guide direction plate 33 and the sealing plate 36, and then the controller controls the auxiliary motor 28 to work, and the auxiliary motor The output end of the machine 28 drives the auxiliary rotating shaft 29 to rotate, and the auxiliary rotating shaft 29 drives the angle adjustment gear 30 to rotate. The outer surface of the angle adjustment gear 30 meshes with the outer surface of the gear bar 31, so that the gear bar 31 rotates, and the gear bar 31 drives the heterogeneous material baffle 34 to move in the moving groove 32, so that the heterogeneous material outlet pipe 27 is connected with the crushing chamber 4, and the knife-tooth hammer 24 continuously rotates, continuously collides and moves the hard foreign metal, and finally the hard foreign metal is automatically discharged from the heterogeneous material outlet pipe 27, reducing the The reliance on manual intervention improves the automation level of the production process and reduces labor intensity. The rotating motion of the cutter-tooth hammer 24 continuously collides and moves the hard foreign metal, ensuring that the discharge process is rapid and effective, avoiding the retention of hard foreign metal in the crushing chamber 4, maintaining the normal operation of the equipment, reducing the impact and wear of hard foreign metal on other equipment components, and extending the service life of the cutter-tooth hammer 24. The automatic discharge mechanism means that the operator does not need to directly contact the discharge of foreign matter that may cause danger, thereby improving the safety of the working environment and reducing the risk of accidental injury.
[0024] The working process of the present invention is as follows: when it is necessary to crush the metal waste, the metal waste is added into the crushing chamber 4 through the feed port 3, and the main motor 5 is controlled by the controller to work synchronously, and the main motor 5 drives the main rotating shaft 16 to rotate, and the main rotating shaft 16 synchronously drives the main transmission wheel 6 to rotate, and the main transmission wheel 6 drives the slave transmission wheel 7 and the rotor main shaft 11 to rotate through the belt 8, so that the rotor main shaft 11 drives a plurality of cutter hammers 24 and a plurality of main gear cutters 25 to rotate at high speed, and the plurality of cutter hammers 24 and a plurality of main gear cutters 25 crush the metal waste, and the high-speed rotating cutter hammers 24 and main gear cutters 25 crush the waste metal. The utility model can carry out fast and efficient crushing, and can crush large pieces of scrap metal into smaller particles in a short time. The high-speed rotation of several cutter-tooth hammers 24 and main gear cutter 25 makes the scrap metal receive multiple blows and shearing effects in the crushing chamber, which is helpful to obtain uniform finished product particle size, and can process scrap metal of different types and shapes. At this time, the hydraulic rod 37 drives the sealing plate 36 to move in the partition chamber 35, and blocks the leakage groove between the two material guide direction plates 33, so that the metal scrap is initially crushed for a period of time. After the crushing process inside the cutter-tooth hammer 24 for a period of time, when the vibration sensor inside the cutter-tooth hammer 24 has no obvious vibration, the sealing plate 36 is driven to return to the partition chamber 35.
[0025] The synchronous rotor main shaft 11 drives the first driving gear 14 to rotate. When the outer surface of the first driving gear 14 meshes with the outer surface of the first driven gear 15, the first driving gear 14 drives the first driven gear 15 and the rotor slave shaft 17 to rotate. The rotor slave shaft 17 drives the worm 18 to rotate synchronously. The outer surface of the worm 18 meshes with the outer surface of the worm wheel. The worm 18 drives the worm wheel to rotate. The worm wheel drives the first rotating column 20 to rotate synchronously. The first rotating column 20 synchronously drives the second driving gear 22 to rotate. The outer surface of the second driving gear 22 meshes with the outer surface of the second driven gear 23, so that the second rotating column 21 rotates, so that the first rotating column 20 and the second rotating column 21 both drive a plurality of auxiliary gear cutters 26 to rotate in the opposite direction. The first rotating column 20 and the second rotating column 21 drive the plurality of sub-gear cutters 26 to rotate in opposite directions, thereby forming a strong shearing and impacting force, thereby further crushing the scrap metal after the initial crushing, thereby improving the crushing efficiency. During the counter-rotation, the scrap metal can be evenly crushed to ensure the consistency of the finished product particle size. Through the secondary crushing, the larger particles after the initial crushing can be further refined to achieve a smaller finished product particle size to meet different recycling and reuse requirements. Moreover, the effect of the secondary crushing can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the number and spacing of the sub-gear cutters 26 to meet different particle size requirements. The secondary uniform crushing can more thoroughly separate impurities in the scrap metal, thereby improving the purity and recovery rate of the metal and increasing the economic benefits.
[0026] And when the first crushing in the crushing chamber 4 lasts for a period of time, the reverse cutter-tooth hammer 24 collides with the hard foreign metal to generate high-frequency vibration, and it is known that there is hard foreign metal in the crushing chamber 4. When the vibration sensor in the cutter-tooth hammer 24 senses the vibration, it transmits the signal to the controller, and the sealing plate 36 and the two material guide direction plates 33 prevent the hard foreign metal from entering the next stage of crushing, so that the hard foreign metal falls on the material guide direction plate 33 and the sealing plate 36, and then the controller controls the auxiliary motor 28 to work, and the output end of the auxiliary motor 28 drives the auxiliary rotating shaft 29 to rotate, and the auxiliary rotating shaft 29 drives the angle adjustment gear 30 to rotate, and the outer surface of the angle adjustment gear 30 is meshed with the outer surface of the gear bar 31, so that the gear bar 31 rotates, so that the gear bar 31 drives the heterogeneous material baffle 34 to move. The cutter-tooth hammer 24 moves in the movable groove 32, thereby connecting the foreign material outlet pipe 27 with the crushing chamber 4. The cutter-tooth hammer 24 continuously rotates and continuously collides and moves the hard foreign metal. Finally, the hard foreign metal is automatically discharged from the foreign material outlet pipe 27, which reduces the dependence on manual intervention, improves the automation level of the production process, and reduces labor intensity. The rotational movement of the cutter-tooth hammer 24 continuously collides and moves the hard foreign metal, ensuring that the discharge process is rapid and effective, avoiding the retention of hard foreign metal in the crushing chamber 4, maintaining the normal operation of the equipment, reducing the impact and wear of hard foreign metal on other equipment components, and extending the service life of the cutter-tooth hammer 24. The automatic discharge mechanism means that the operator does not need to directly contact the discharge of foreign matter that may cause danger, thereby improving the safety of the working environment and reducing the risk of accidental injury. Example 2
[0027] like Figure 8 As shown, a crusher includes a crusher housing 1 and a foreign matter removal system. The foreign matter removal system includes a data acquisition unit, a crushing state analysis unit, a vibration threshold setting unit, a foreign matter judgment unit and a control unit; The data acquisition unit detects multiple vibration data of the cutter-tooth hammer 24 through a vibration sensor arranged inside each cutter-tooth hammer 24, integrates the multiple sets of vibration data into a vibration data set and sends it to the crushing state analysis unit, and at the same time acquires the working time data through the crusher control assembly and sends it to the crushing state analysis unit; The crushing state analysis unit is used to obtain and process the vibration data set and crushing time data, and analyze the difference △A of the vibration data set calculated along with the crushing time data. It can be seen that as the crushing time data increases, the difference △A of the vibration data set decreases and tends to be stable, and the final stable fluctuation value △Ai is obtained; The vibration threshold setting unit obtains a number of stable fluctuation values △Ai, and calculates the vibration average value △A1, and presets △A1 as the vibration threshold; The foreign body judgment unit is used to obtain a real-time vibration data set, and calculate the real-time fluctuation difference △A2, and compare the real-time fluctuation difference △A2 with the vibration threshold △A1. When the difference △A2 of the actual vibration data set is less than or equal to the vibration threshold △A1, it can be known that there is no foreign body in the crushing chamber 4. When the difference △A2 of the actual vibration data set is greater than the vibration threshold △A1, it can be known that there is a foreign body in the crushing chamber 4 and a foreign body reminder signal is generated and sent to the control unit; The control unit is used to obtain a foreign matter warning signal and control the switching of the foreign material baffle 34 and the sealing plate 36 to facilitate the removal of foreign matter.
[0028] The specific process of calculating the vibration average value △A1 is as follows: Obtain multiple stable fluctuation values △Ai, and substitute the multiple stable fluctuation values △Ai into the following average formula to calculate △A1: , is the ith value, and n is the total number of difference △A values of the stable vibration data set.
[0029] The present invention detects multiple vibration data of the cutter-tooth hammer 24 according to the vibration sensor inside each cutter-tooth hammer 24, and obtains the working time data through the crusher control assembly. The crushing state analysis unit is used to analyze the difference △A of the vibration data set calculated along with the crushing time data. It can be obtained that as the crushing time data increases, the difference △A of the vibration data set continues to decrease and tends to be stable. The vibration threshold setting unit obtains the difference △A of multiple vibration data sets tending to be stable, calculates the vibration average value △A1, and sets △A1 as the vibration threshold. The foreign matter judgment unit compares the difference △A2 of the actual vibration data set with the vibration threshold △A1. The difference △A2 of the actual vibration data set is greater than the vibration threshold △A1, and it is concluded that there is foreign matter in the crushing chamber 4. The control unit controls the switching of the heterogeneous material baffle 34 and the sealing plate 36 to ensure that the discharge process is rapid and effective, avoids the retention of hard foreign metal in the crushing chamber 4, maintains the normal operation of the equipment, reduces the impact and wear of hard foreign metal on other equipment components, and extends the service life of the cutter-tooth hammer 24.
[0030] The size of the interval and threshold is set to facilitate comparison. The size of the threshold depends on the amount of sample data and the number of bases set by technical personnel in this field for each group of sample data; as long as it does not affect the proportional relationship between the parameter and the quantized value.
[0031] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain the most recent real situation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions. In the two embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and systems can be implemented in other ways; for example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed; another point, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules can be electrical, mechanical or other forms; The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A crusher, comprising a crusher housing (1) and a foreign matter removal system, wherein the bottom surface of the crusher housing (1) is evenly distributed with shock absorbers (9), and the bottom surfaces of a plurality of the shock absorbers (9) are mounted with a mainframe base (2), characterized in that: The top surface of the crusher housing (1) is provided with a feed port (3), the interior of the crusher housing (1) is provided with a crushing chamber (4), the outer surface of the crusher housing (1) is provided with a crushing power assembly, the interior of the crusher housing (1) is provided with a rotor main shaft (11) movably mounted, the outer surface of the rotor main shaft (11) is provided with cutter hammers (24) evenly distributed, the outer surface of the rotor main shaft (11) is provided with a protective sleeve (12) evenly distributed, the outer surface of the rotor main shaft (11) is provided with a main gear cutter (25) evenly distributed, the interior of the crusher housing (1) is provided with a first rotating column (20) movably mounted, the interior of the crusher housing (1) is provided with a second rotating column (21) movably mounted, the first rotating column (20) ) and the outer surface of the second rotating column (21) are both evenly distributed with auxiliary gear cutters (26); two material guide direction plates (33) are installed inside the crusher housing (1), and a partition cavity (35) is opened inside one of the material guide direction plates (33); a hydraulic rod (37) is installed on the outer surface of the crusher housing (1); a sealing plate (36) is installed on the outer surface of the output end of the hydraulic rod (37); the outer surface of the sealing plate (36) is in active contact with the inner surface of the partition cavity (35); a foreign matter discharge component is installed inside the crusher housing (1); an explosion-proof port (13) is installed on the outer surface of the crusher housing (1); and two discharge pipes (10) are installed on the outer surface of the crusher housing (1).
2. A crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing power assembly comprises a main motor (5) and a main rotating shaft (16); the main motor (5) is mounted on the outer surface of a crusher housing (1); the main rotating shaft (16) is mounted on the outer surface of an output end of the main motor (5); and a main transmission wheel (6) is mounted on the outer surface of the main rotating shaft (16).
3. A crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: A slave drive wheel (7) is mounted on the outer surface of the rotor main shaft (11); a belt (8) is movably mounted on the outer surfaces of the main drive wheel (6) and the slave drive wheel (7); a first driving gear (14) is mounted on the outer surface of the rotor main shaft (11); a rotor slave shaft (17) is movably mounted inside the crusher housing (1); a first driven gear (15) is mounted on the outer surface of the rotor slave shaft (17); and the outer surface of the first driving gear (14) meshes with the outer surface of the first driven gear (15).
4. A crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: A worm (18) is mounted on the top surface of the rotor shaft (17); a turbine (19) is mounted on the outer surface of the first rotating column (20); the outer surface of the worm (18) meshes with the outer surface of the turbine (19); a second driving gear (22) is mounted on the outer surface of the first rotating column (20); a second driven gear (23) is mounted on the outer surface of the second rotating column (21); the outer surface of the second driving gear (22) meshes with the outer surface of the second driven gear (23).
5. A crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foreign matter discharge assembly comprises an auxiliary motor (28) and a foreign matter outlet pipe (27); the foreign matter outlet pipe (27) is mounted on the outer surface of the crusher housing (1); the auxiliary motor (28) is mounted on the outer surface of the foreign matter outlet pipe (27); and a secondary rotating shaft (29) is mounted on the outer surface of the output end of the auxiliary motor (28).
6. A crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that: An angle adjustment gear (30) is mounted on the outer surface of the secondary rotating shaft (29), a movable groove (32) is provided inside the crusher housing (1), and a special-shaped material baffle (34) is movably mounted on the inner wall of the movable groove (32).
7. A crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: A gear bar (31) is mounted on the outer surface of the heterogeneous material baffle (34), and the outer surface of the gear bar (31) meshes with the outer surface of the angle adjustment gear (30).
8. A crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foreign matter removal system comprises a data acquisition unit, a crushing state analysis unit, a vibration threshold setting unit, a foreign matter judgment unit and a control unit; The data acquisition unit detects multiple vibration data of the cutter-tooth hammer (24) through a vibration sensor arranged inside each cutter-tooth hammer (24), integrates the multiple sets of vibration data into a vibration data set and sends it to the crushing state analysis unit, and simultaneously acquires working time data through the crusher control assembly and sends it to the crushing state analysis unit; The crushing state analysis unit is used to obtain and process the vibration data set and the crushing time data, and analyze the difference △A of the vibration data set calculated along with the crushing time data. It can be seen that as the crushing time data increases, the difference △A of the vibration data set decreases and tends to be stable, and the final stable fluctuation value △Ai is obtained; The vibration threshold setting unit obtains a number of stable fluctuation values △Ai, and calculates the vibration average value △A1, and presets △A1 as the vibration threshold; The foreign body judgment unit is used to obtain a real-time vibration data set, calculate a real-time fluctuation difference △A2, and compare the real-time fluctuation difference △A2 with a vibration threshold △A1. When the difference △A2 of the actual vibration data set is less than or equal to the vibration threshold △A1, it can be known that there is no foreign body in the crushing chamber (4); when the difference △A2 of the actual vibration data set is greater than the vibration threshold △A1, it can be known that there is a foreign body in the crushing chamber (4) and a foreign body warning signal is generated and sent to the control unit; The control unit is used to obtain a foreign matter warning signal and control the switching of the foreign matter baffle plate (34) and the sealing plate (36) to facilitate the removal of foreign matter.
9. A crusher according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific process of calculating the vibration average value △A1 is as follows: Obtain multiple stable fluctuation values △Ai, and substitute the multiple stable fluctuation values △Ai into the following average formula to calculate △A1: , is the ith value, and n is the total number of difference △A values of the stable vibration data set.
10. A method for using a crusher, applied to a crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Various metal wastes are fed into the feed port (3), and the crushing power assembly is started. The crushing power assembly drives the rotor main shaft (11) and the rotor slave shaft (17) to rotate synchronously. The rotor main shaft (11) drives a plurality of cutter-tooth hammers (24) and a plurality of main gear cutters (25) to rotate at high speed. The plurality of cutter-tooth hammers (24) and the plurality of main gear cutters (25) crush the metal wastes. S2: After the primary crushing, the metal waste flows through the guide direction plate (33) to between a plurality of auxiliary gear cutters (26); S3: The rotor shaft (17) drives the first rotating shaft and the second rotating column (21) to rotate synchronously through the worm (18), the turbine (19), the second driving gear (22) and the second driven gear (23), so as to facilitate the first rotating column (20) and the second rotating column (21) to rotate in opposite directions, so that the plurality of auxiliary gear cutters (26) can further evenly crush the metal waste after the initial crushing; S4: the evenly crushed metal waste is crushed, struck and stirred again by the knife-tooth hammer (24), so that the evenly crushed metal waste flows out from the discharge pipe (10); S5: When there is hard foreign metal in the crushing chamber (4) that cannot be crushed, the cutter-tooth hammer (24) collides with the hard foreign metal to generate high-frequency vibration, and the hydraulic rod (37) is controlled to work, so that the sealing plate (36) moves to isolate the hard foreign matter, and then the auxiliary motor (28) opens the foreign material baffle (34), and then the cutter-tooth hammer (24) pushes the foreign matter out and moves it into the foreign material outlet pipe (27).